International Journal of Communication and Public Relation最新文献

{"title":"Numbers and the Truth? Daily Nation’s Pioneering of Data-Driven Economic News Sub-Editing","authors":"Mark Kwemoi, Hellen Mberia, Julius O Bosire","doi":"10.47604/ijcpr.1911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/ijcpr.1911","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: In the wake of intensified production of fake newspaper content, this paper attempts to investigate the role that numbers play in the sub-editing of economic news, anchored on three main objectives: (a) To investigate the ways in which numbers used in economic news content are structured and cleaned, (b) To examine if some types of economic news numbers are transformed and formatted more significantly than others, and (c) To evaluate if certain economic news numbers are more susceptible to modifications than others. \u0000Methodology: Through systematic secondary research, blended with contextualised insights of fieldwork, the study examined various ways in which numbers used in Daily Nation’s economic news articles undergo additions, deletions, conversions, truncations, replacements, among other adjustments, prior to publication. To be as concise as possible, the study zeroed in on front-page, headline, kicker and briefs in a sample of 120 articles published between June 1, 2022 and December 31, 2022.   \u0000Findings: The study established that despite sub-editors being the heart of news processing — who not only fact-check but also act as the last line of defence — majority of them labour with putting to use quantitative elements, thereby accelerating the dissemination of flawed content in newsrooms in Kenya. \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: This study showed that media has the power to shape public thought and set the agenda, thereby validating the Lippmann’s Theory of Public Opinion Formation. Policymakers will find the outcome of this study useful because it will guide them to propose intense training to media actors to hone their numerical competence.","PeriodicalId":315921,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Communication and Public Relation","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116825741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Media Law and Regulation on Radio Programing Diversity in Kenya","authors":"A. Wekesa, Hellen Mberia, Lilian K. Omoke","doi":"10.47604/ijcpr.1850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/ijcpr.1850","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: All around the world, radio is regulated. The extent of the regulation and how it is done varies. Regulation takes many forms, ranging from clauses in national constitutions and laws to administrative procedures and technical specifications. This study examined how media laws and regulations affect radio programming diversity in Kenya. \u0000Methodology: The study adopted a mixed research design method, data was gathered through questionnaires and interviews and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. \u0000Findings: The findings revealed that despite the importance of media laws and regulations to journalism practice, journalists' adherence to media laws and ethics was low. It was also established that journalists contravened media laws and ethics because of sycophancy, security reasons, desperation, greed, ethical dilemmas, ignorance of media laws and ethics, and laziness. \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study was rooted on the normative theory of the press.  According to Siebert, F., Peterson, T., & Schramm, W. (1956) A Normative theory describes an ideal way for a media system to be controlled and operated by the government, authority, leader and public. On its contribution to practice, the study calls on the Media Council of Kenya in conjunction with the Kenya Union of Journalists to enhance interaction between gatekeepers and reporters especially on ethical concerns in order to enhance adherence to the code of conduct.","PeriodicalId":315921,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Communication and Public Relation","volume":"2015 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121774658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Celebrity Endorsement: Television Advertisements and Sports Gambling Behaviour among University Students in Kenya","authors":"Nicholas Oduor, Hellen Mberia, John Ndavula","doi":"10.47604/ijcpr.1808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/ijcpr.1808","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To establish the influence of Television’s celebrity endorsement advertisement technique on sports gambling behaviour among the university students in Kenya. \u0000Methodology: This study employed mixed method design. In this case, convergent parallel mixed methods design was employed to evaluate the effects of Television’s celebrity endorsement advertisements on sports gambling behaviour among the university students in Nairobi County, Kenya. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected at the same time after which the findings were integrated with an aim of generating overall results. Descriptive survey strategy was also used in the study. The quantitative data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics.  Diagnostic test was first done to ascertain if the data used were normally distributed. As for this case, the following tests were conducted; skewness and kurtosis, histogram and normality plot curve, Kolmogorov Smirnov and Sharpiro Wilk test and Q-Q plot. Other tests included outlier test, collinearity diagnostics, correlation analysis, multicollinearity, autocorrelation, heteroscedasticity/ homoscedasticity and linearity test. The relationship between the variables was determined using a regression model. \u0000Findings: This study found out that there was a significant relationship between Celebrity endorsement and sports gambling behaviour among the university students in Nairobi County. In summary, technique of celebrity endorsement in television’s gambling advertisements had a positive influence in gambling activities among university students in Nairobi County. \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study was embedded on the theory of planned behaviour. The core assumption of the theory is that there is a connection between beliefs and behaviour.  In this case, the intention for a behaviour intent is influenced by three issues namely; assessment of the behaviour, apparent social pressure to perform or ignore a behaviour and the perceived degree of personal privilege concerning the behaviour (Dawkins and Frass, 2005). On its contribution to practice, the study calls on the universities to come up with proper sensitization programs to prevent the students from addictive gambling. The study further recommends that proper policy should be put in place by advertisers to provide clear messages on the dangers associated with addictive sports gambling. The overall findings will help policy makers to formulate policies that will control betting activities in the country.   ","PeriodicalId":315921,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Communication and Public Relation","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132317364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Media As; an Agent for Behavioral Change among Young People: Case of Facebook Usage among Mass Communication Students of Uganda Martyrs University","authors":"Henry Semambo","doi":"10.47604/ijcpr.1788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/ijcpr.1788","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The advent of internet based technology has resulted into borderless communication. This has led to free circulation of information in the world. Uganda being a free market of ideas attributed partly to internet based technology, the young people constantly participate in the creation, exchanging and sharing different content on social media platforms. Therefore, this paper intends to find out the different kinds of habits youths acquire from consuming social media content, identifies conditions through which youths acquire different habits from social media and examine the kinds of information youths share on social media and give reasons for sharing such information. \u0000Methodology: A sample size of 50 students was selected from the department of Journalism and communication studies, Uganda Martyrs University. This was a case study research approach focusing on facebook usage and research methods for collecting primary data included; questionnaires, interviews and participant observation. I majorly used facebook content analysis and descriptive statistics while interpreting the data collected regarding the research questions. \u0000Findings: According to the study findings, as the youths become heavy consumers of social media content, they become addicted and develop different habits like; self-isolation from relatives, eating habits, imitation habit, liking habit, and spreading rumour. The habit changes maybe either negative or positive depending on the nature of social media content consumed. \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Facebook gives a wide range of experiences to its users; it allows young people, create and share any information of their choice in actual time.","PeriodicalId":315921,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Communication and Public Relation","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116281675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organized Corporate Crimes using UNCITRAL Arbitration Framework Development for EPC Disclosure concerning Epistemic Corruption and Pharmaceutical Fraud of Off-label Medicines as Health Regulation and Policy","authors":"Z. Llarena","doi":"10.47604/ijcpr.1787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/ijcpr.1787","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Corporate Governance is a conceptual framework of business designs intended to illustrate the various activities of a company towards fulfilling its profit goals as private stakeholder and contributing to public interests for social obligation of sustainable development. Disclosure of corporate social responsibility is the central mechanism of corporate governance. \u0000Methodology: Based on stakeholder theory, corporate governance strongly influences corporate social responsibility disclosure to enhance the relationship of stakeholders and its business community. \u0000Findings: Tax aggressiveness is utilized by board director and its members to lessen tax contribution which is contrary to the government sector goals of maximizing tax impositions for public welfare and safety. Unlawful behavior on tax aggressiveness is known as tax evasion while tax avoidance is not a violation and serves as a loophole to the taxation system, although corporate fraud is apparent in off-label medicines. UNCITRAL model law is a legal arbitration concept of making “commercial” expand to other comparable jurisdiction of international trade. The European Patent Commission is the legal authority that delineates medical policies from patented products. \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: This paper aims to develop arbitration framework based on stakeholder theory of corporate governance to separate tax evasion from tax avoidance as organized crime sourcing treatment of policies and engineer tax planning to divide intellectual property of product design with corporate fraud concerning off-label medicines. Therefore, tax evasion and corporate fraud are business crimes in pharmaceutical industries needed to be clearly managed by institutional healthcare companies for promoting economic success.","PeriodicalId":315921,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Communication and Public Relation","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127608550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cameroon Private Print Journalists Perception of the National Communication Council","authors":"M.Sc Olusegun","doi":"10.47604/ijcpr.1786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/ijcpr.1786","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The existence of a council to regulate and check media excesses has been recognised as a necessity in other parts of the world. In Cameroon, there is presently a debate over the role and powers of the National Communication Council, also known as the NCC. This study aimed at reaching a comprehensive assessment of Cameroon print journalists’ perception of the National Communication Council. That is, to understand their continuous criticisms of sanctions issued by the council. \u0000Methodology: The research problem was addressed by conducting qualitative interviews with journalists from 12 newspapers found in 3 cities: Buea (South West Region) and Douala (Littoral Region) and Yaounde. A phenomenological research approach coupled with Colaizzi 1978 phenomenological qualitative data analysis was used gather and interpret data. \u0000Findings: Interviews revealed that Cameroon private print journalists consider the National Communication Council as an organ which is not autonomous with members being appointed by the Head of State and therefore not completely independent of the Executive as they should be. Consequently, it is recommended that media professionals should be associated in the formation of a new organ and that the law creating this organ should be enacted by the parliament. \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The findings conform to the theoretical framework in the sense that although respondents opted for self-regulation as the best form of regulation for Cameroon, they equally recognised that government should be there to intervene in case it observes deviant practices. Government will act in case media and media professionals fail to meet up with their social responsibility.","PeriodicalId":315921,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Communication and Public Relation","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116323613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subtle but Pervasive; the Impact of Stakeholders Interest on Radio Programing Diversity in Kenya","authors":"A. Wekesa, Hellen Mberia, Lilian K. Omoke","doi":"10.47604/ijcpr.1783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/ijcpr.1783","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Radio stations in Kenya are confronted with financial problems due to the business model still grounded on advertising. The advertiser as a major stakeholder has potential influence over any medium which seeks his patronage, through his control of the purse strings. People listen to the radio for the programmes rather than advertisements and radio advertisements are not heard in isolation, but generally appear within the context of programmes. The subtle pressures on media enterprises by advertisers lead to the assumption that decisions concerning radio programming are much more frequently taken under the influence of economic principles shaped by the advertising industry and not under the perspective of journalistic news values. The study was anchored on the political economy of the media theory \u0000Methodology: The study adopted a mixed research design method, data was gathered through questionnaires and interviews and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. \u0000Findings: The study established that there was a statistically significant positive relationship between stakeholders and radio programming diversity. The study found that through his control of the purse strings, the advertiser as a stakeholder has potential influence over radio programming decisions. \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The empirical findings contribute to our understanding of the subtle influence of the advertisers on radio programming decisions due to their ability to withhold sponsorship. The study also contributes to our understanding of the question of how media organizations specifically radio are funded.","PeriodicalId":315921,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Communication and Public Relation","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117131090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Television Story Angle and the Involvement on Learners with Intellectual Disability in Inclusive Education in Kenya","authors":"Jackline Lidubwi, Julius O Bosire, Joan Mutua","doi":"10.47604/ijcpr.1779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/ijcpr.1779","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of this paper was to examine the influence of television story angle and the involvement on learners with intellectual disability in inclusive education in Kenya. The paper was guided by the framing theory. \u0000Methodology: The study utilized the descriptive cross-sectional research design. A sample of 40 inclusive education schools, 16 Sub-County Education Officers, three television stations, 72 television programmes, three television producers and five key informants from the Kenya Association of the Intellectually Handicapped was drawn. Data was gathered through questionnaires, interview guides and code sheets. Quantitative data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics while thematic analysis was used to analyse qualitative data. \u0000Findings: The study established that while television stations have aired stories about inclusive education, the content aired seemed to portray people with disabilities as objects of pity, curiosity, evil, laughable, and burdensome. These qualities were repugnant to inclusion of learners with disabilities in education and were therefore counterproductive to inclusive education.","PeriodicalId":315921,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Communication and Public Relation","volume":"2016 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127417348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reception or Deception?- Participants’ Disengagement during Teleconferencing in the Gambia Context","authors":"Adekunle Omowumi, Adekunle Elizabeth, Adekunle Beloved","doi":"10.47604/ijcpr.2037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/ijcpr.2037","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Teleconferencing, a mode of organizational and informal group communication, has become so dominant in the epidemic era that it impacts highly on organizational functions. This descriptive study  carried out among teleconferencing users in Kanifing Municipal Council of The Gambia sought to investigate the respondents’ perceptions of the prevalence of the practice of disengaging during teleconferencing, the reasons why people disengage during teleconferencing, the gender dimension to disengaging during teleconferencing and how participants can be kept actively engaged during teleconferencing. \u0000Methodology: Both the quantitative and qualitative survey methods were adopted. 77 people responded to the questionnaire. In-depth interviews were also conducted with 5 frequent users of teleconferencing platforms. \u0000Findings: The results show that the practice of disengagement during teleconferencing is highly prevalent. 52 percent of the respondents admitted that they don’t listen all through the teleconferencing events; 76.1 percent have got up at one time or the other to attend to other issues; 19.7 percent have got up more than 20 times to attend to other issues; and 81.3 percent of the participants have experienced situations where participants stayed signed in even though they were no longer in the meeting. Major reasons given for participants’ disengagement include internet accessibility, cited by 40.5 percent of the respondents; distraction, cited by 40.4 percent. 14.4 percent of the respondents cited the fact that participants have the confidence that others in the meeting will be unaware of their disengagement. This claim was also buttressed by 4 of the key informants during the in-depth interview. Most of the respondents, 87 percent, were of the view that females disengage more often  than males. 60 percent of those who express this view gave engagement with domestic chores as the reason for this. Ways suggested to keep participants engaged include ensuring meeting adopt the participatory mode, suggested by 24.3 percent of the respondents; solving internet issues of instability, suggested by 24.3percent; demanding that participants keep on their videos, suggested by 17.1 percent; ensuring meeting schedules and timing are favourable, suggested by 15.7 percent and  lowering internet data costs, suggested by 7.1 percent. \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study concludes that disengagement during teleconferencing is highly prevalent, distractions and internet problems of connectivity and affordability are major reasons for disengagement and organisers of teleconferencing must control for these factors. It is recommended that organisations offer their staff gadgets for internet access; the government on its own part should explore all means possible to ensure internet stability in the Gambia.","PeriodicalId":315921,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Communication and Public Relation","volume":"36 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126680150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Communication Structure on Employee Performance in Selected Large Manufacturing Businesses in Eritrea","authors":"Z. Weldeghebriel, Hellen Mberia, John Ndavula","doi":"10.47604/ijcpr.1728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/ijcpr.1728","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This research is intended to determine the influence of communication structure on employee performance in selected large manufacturing businesses in Eritrea. Manufacturing organizations, particularly the manufacturing businesses in Eritrea, face challenges in terms of increasing productivity. Having suitable communication structure can play a role and supports employees to achieve the required level of performance in the manufacturing businesses. \u0000Methodology: The study used a quantitative research design to obtain a quantitative data. The target population for this study was employees of the selected large manufacturing businesses in Eritrea with a population size of 4175 employees. The sample size considered in this study was 365 employees, which was statistically determined using Taro Yamane formula. They were selected from each selected large manufacturing businesses using proportionately stratified random sampling technique. Data was then collected using questionnaire and analyzed using both the descriptive analysis (percentage) and inferential statistical analysis (correlation, regression and ANOVA) methods. SPSS as a tool was used to conduct the descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. The analyzed data was then presented in tabular form and interpreted statistically.  \u0000Findings: The study finding indicate that there was a significant positive relationship between communication structure and employee performance. The study concluded that communication structure did have influence on employee performance in the selected large manufacturing businesses in Eritrea. \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Organizational communication as a field is gaining interests in the scientific/academic community because it is very essential in all dimensions of organization’s performance. So, as this study shown that communication structure has a direct influence on employee performance in selected large manufacturing businesses in Eritrea, it has a contribution to the theoretical concepts on the field of communication and can be used as a base for further study/research. Also, the study noted that since communication structure determines the flow of information in an organization, effective communication structure is a prerequisite for improved employee performance. Thus, this study revealed that it is important to have a relevant communication policy that address to have effective communication structure through which effective information flows achieved and thus ensures improved employee performance in manufacturing sectors.","PeriodicalId":315921,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Communication and Public Relation","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128256191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}