Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science最新文献_第9页

Work Productivity in the Period of COVID-19 Pandemic and Lockdown: A Developing World Perspective COVID-19大流行和封锁期间的工作效率:发展中国家的视角

Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science Pub Date : 2020-05-30 DOI: 10.5423/PNGAS.V13I1S.215

A. Sakpere, I. Olanipekun, Wilson Sakpere, Ifeoluwatayo A. Ige

{"title":"Work Productivity in the Period of COVID-19 Pandemic and Lockdown: A Developing World Perspective","authors":"A. Sakpere, I. Olanipekun, Wilson Sakpere, Ifeoluwatayo A. Ige","doi":"10.5423/PNGAS.V13I1S.215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5423/PNGAS.V13I1S.215","url":null,"abstract":"From inception, the COVID-19 pandemic has been a persistent public health concern at a global level. Several businesses and corporations around the world have been severely and negatively impacted by the outbreak, while nascent economies have suffered a grave setback. The effect on businesses and economies seems to influence the productivity level of workers. This study investigates the impact of COVID-19 on professions and professionals in developing countries,where post-COVID-19 economic distress has been felt. It utilizes data collected through questionnaires and in-depth interviews. Snowball sampling technique was used to gather data from 466 respondents in Nigeria using a five-point Likert scale questionnaire. The dataset, comprising nineteen variables, was analysed with a logistic model over a wide variety of socio-demographic, productivity and economic variables. Prevalent variables with high significance on work productivity include fear, anxiety, depression, work boredom, remuneration, palliative and infrastructure availability. Findings showed that 5 out of 19 variables – work boredom (p-value < 0.0001), remuneration (p-value < 0.0001), depression (p-value = 0.0061), internet (p-value = 0.0148), fear (p-value = 0.0342) – have significant effects on work productivity. Also, with odds ratios value, the effect of these variables on productivity ranges between 68.8% and 85.9%, based on participants' responses. However, 12 out of 19 variables were insignificant to the productivity level during the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown. The analysed result implies that the distribution of an individual’s perception of a high productivity rate with a low productivity rate is close.","PeriodicalId":312312,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125740072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

COVID-19 in Nigeria: An Analysis of the Early Epidemiological Trend of the Infection and Response Efforts 2019冠状病毒病在尼日利亚:早期感染流行病学趋势分析及应对工作

Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science Pub Date : 2020-05-30 DOI: 10.57046/yvvt3263

O. Rotimi, A. Fatusi

{"title":"COVID-19 in Nigeria: An Analysis of the Early Epidemiological Trend of the Infection and Response Efforts","authors":"O. Rotimi, A. Fatusi","doi":"10.57046/yvvt3263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57046/yvvt3263","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an epidemiological analysis of the trends in Covid-19 infection in the first 100 days of the pandemic in Nigeria and the response efforts in the country. Data from the Nigerian Centre for Disease Control and other relevant sources were analysed to show the national trend and compare sub-national trends. Analysis revealed that the infection rate is rising in the country despite efforts at lockdown and restriction of movements. Over the 100 days of focus, Nigeria recorded 15,181 cases with a case fatality rate (CFR) of 2.6%. Age 31-40 years had the highest number of cases, while only 8% occurred in individuals over 60 years. All the infections recorded in the first 24 days were in the South-west region. The South-west region had overall highest number of cases (56.7%) but the lowest CFR rate (1.5%), while South South region had the highest CFR (4.8%). CFR ranged from 0% (5 states) to 17% in Anambra State. Lagos, Federal Capital Territory (FCT) and Kano – the main hubs of international travel into Nigeria – were the epicentres of the infection and recorded 60% of all cases. Three-fifths of the confirmed cases (60%) were concentrated in 20 Local Government Areas (LGA), comprising 2.6% of the country’s 774 LGAs. Nigeria is performing exceptionally low number of tests (<15% of declared national capacity) to diagnose the disease and facilities to perform the test are unevenly distributed. More context driven local actions are needed even as the country thinks and learns from the global experience of the disease.","PeriodicalId":312312,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124919352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

COVID-19 in Nigeria: Presenting Opportunities for a New Normal in Healthcare Delivery 2019冠状病毒病在尼日利亚:为医疗服务新常态带来机遇

Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science Pub Date : 2020-05-30 DOI: 10.57046/cgem3839

F. Okonofua

引用次数: 0

Revealing the Nature of COVID-19 Virus Pathogen in Nigeria: Towards a Potential Therapeutic Design and Management 揭示尼日利亚COVID-19病毒病原体的性质:走向潜在的治疗设计和管理

Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science Pub Date : 2020-05-30 DOI: 10.57046/adrb8520

Godwin Michael Ubi, E. Eyogor, P. Ekpo, J. Ebigwai, Solomon Ofem, Imaobong S. Essien, I. Ettah

{"title":"Revealing the Nature of COVID-19 Virus Pathogen in Nigeria: Towards a Potential Therapeutic Design and Management","authors":"Godwin Michael Ubi, E. Eyogor, P. Ekpo, J. Ebigwai, Solomon Ofem, Imaobong S. Essien, I. Ettah","doi":"10.57046/adrb8520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57046/adrb8520","url":null,"abstract":"This paper adopted in silico and bioinformatics scientific approaches in revealing the nature of the COVID-19 coronavirus strain in Nigeria. These was revealed in terms of the physical, chemical and biological nature, as well as the isoelectric point, evolutionary relationship, mutation rate and pathway, molecular weight amongst other attributes which project the coronaviruses mutant strains causing the current global pandemic as very deadly and a threat to humanity. The paper revealed the genetic and thermal stability status of the Nigerian (COVID-19) isolate using instability index, aliphatic index, guanine – cytosine content, hydropathicity, nucleotide diversity, amino acids side chains and half-life of the isolate on in vitro human reticulocyte cells as criteria. The paper also revealed the variations in protein structures, phylogeny, bad angles, bad bonds, C-Beta deviations, Ramachandran outliers and Molprobity scores of the virus pathogen in Nigeria and that of Wuhan China, the global epicenter of the pandemic and deduced strong relationship between the strains confirming their common ancestry and nature. The paper revealed that efforts geared towards the development of suitable therapy and vaccines for the COVID-19 globally has not yet been successful due to the variable attenuation coefficients and the fast rate of the S gene mutations of the coronaviruses mutant strains. Hence, the nature of COVID-19 revealed in this study, is necessary for the identification, design and development of effective treatment.","PeriodicalId":312312,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science","volume":"2016 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127342843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Developing COVID-19 Simulation Tool for Low and Middle-Income Countries: The Nigerian Case Study 为低收入和中等收入国家开发COVID-19模拟工具:尼日利亚案例研究

Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science Pub Date : 2020-05-30 DOI: 10.57046/mklo6768

E. Aluko, R. Jaiyesimi

{"title":"Developing COVID-19 Simulation Tool for Low and Middle-Income Countries: The Nigerian Case Study","authors":"E. Aluko, R. Jaiyesimi","doi":"10.57046/mklo6768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57046/mklo6768","url":null,"abstract":"The MRC centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis at Imperial College has created a COVID-19 simulation for 130 Low and Middle countries available at covidsim.org. The simulation shows an epidemic trajectory and healthcare demand pattern for selected countries based on logic that is said to be a venture between Imperial College, London and a private firm, Bio Nano Consulting, The Jameel Group and is research funded by the Wellcome Trust and UK Aid from the UK government. The commentary focuses on the results that pertain to Nigeria, the country of interest of the authors. Although the simulation looks at mortality outcomes based on interventions and healthcare demand and supply situation, the emphasis of the commentary was on number for infections and associated mortality as displayed by the simulation. The inputs and the outputs of the model were critiqued. A result of the model was that a population far in excess of the country’s population is expected to be infected, and the simulated deaths associated with these numbers of infected people were considered excessive, improbable and unjustifiable. Suggestions were made to improve the simulated outputs, and a conclusion of the adjusted model involving calibrating the model for actual results envisaged thus far and adjusting for the population that is expected to be infected based on the basic reproduction number, herd immunity and age demography resulted in a much lower estimate of mortality. This resulted in a reduction of simulated deaths from 989,475 deaths from the original model to 19,719 deaths in the adjusted model.","PeriodicalId":312312,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129218972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Application of Mobile Technology in Community Transmission Surveillance for 2020 Corona Virus Disease 移动技术在2020年冠状病毒病社区传播监测中的应用

Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science Pub Date : 2020-05-30 DOI: 10.57046/myvm5675

I. Ukpong, S. Etim, Prince Ana

{"title":"Application of Mobile Technology in Community Transmission Surveillance for 2020 Corona Virus Disease","authors":"I. Ukpong, S. Etim, Prince Ana","doi":"10.57046/myvm5675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57046/myvm5675","url":null,"abstract":"The corona virus disease (COVID-19) outbreak reached community transmission scenario in Nigeria less than 2 months from its first case on 27thFebruary 2020; a scenario which requires aggressive and effective contact tracing, identification, monitoring and reporting of disease trend. Surveillance is one of the working strategies in responding to community spread. Currently the COVID-19 community spread response mechanism relies on contact tracing and community testing, requiring a huge testing capacity, and its coverage is bound to be undermined by the lack of accessibility to the typical rural Nigerians. Massive testing is currently threatened by the short supply of test kits reported globally, inadequate trained manpower and limited molecular laboratories and testing centers, which cause delay in sample certification. This paints a picture of a massive unreached population in our communities and a predictable escalation of community transmission due to non- or untimely identification, isolation and management of cases. These gaps could be closed by the application of an appropriate tool that engages remote and real-time functions into the process. This article documents the feasibility of employing the mobile telephone opportunities for community transmission monitoring and case reporting of 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, with crowdsourcing and whistle-blowing effects; as an effective alternative to indefinite single case recording and unidirectional contact tracing.","PeriodicalId":312312,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128319034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Biomechanical Modelling Of Head-Head Load Carriage And Neuromuscular Control Of The Neck During Level Walking 平步走中头部-头部负重负重及颈部神经肌肉控制的生物力学模型

Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science Pub Date : 2019-10-30 DOI: 10.5423/PNGAS.V12I1.103

O. Ibidapo-Obe

{"title":"Biomechanical Modelling Of Head-Head Load Carriage And Neuromuscular Control Of The Neck During Level Walking","authors":"O. Ibidapo-Obe","doi":"10.5423/PNGAS.V12I1.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5423/PNGAS.V12I1.103","url":null,"abstract":"Head load carriage is a common phenomenon in some parts of the world. This is prevalent across sub-Saharan Africa where women and children are used as pedestrian load-transporters. It has also been observed that during gymnasium and a few sporting activities, experienced gymnasts carry loads or other gymnasts by placing them their heads. The neck plays a major role in supporting the head in balance while generating the controlled head movements that are essential for balance in the head load carriage. Hence in this study, a biomechanical model of the controlled human head-head load carriage system is developed. The biomechanics model of the head loading problem in this study is a type of constrained mechanical three-dimensional, matrix coefficients, multibody systems which arise in many applications like robotics, vehicle and machinery dynamics. This governing equation was solved using Differential Transform Method (DTM) and was validated with the fourth order Runge-Kutta numerical method (RK4). Good agreements are reached between the two solutions. The effects of head mass, head load, neck mass were investigated. Other effects such as upper and lower linkage lengths were investigated in the study. As the head load increases, there were increases in both axial and angular displacement of the head and the neck motion.","PeriodicalId":312312,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115735698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

H-Index Has More Than Quantity (Publication Productivity) And Quality (Citation Impact) Nomological Dimensions H-Index不仅具有数量(出版效率)和质量(引用影响)的法理维度

Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science Pub Date : 2019-10-30 DOI: 10.5423/PNGAS.V12I1.105

J. Balogun, Efe Mamuzo, F. Okonofua, Adetutu O. Balogun, Adetoyeje Y. Oyeyemi

{"title":"H-Index Has More Than Quantity (Publication Productivity) And Quality (Citation Impact) Nomological Dimensions","authors":"J. Balogun, Efe Mamuzo, F. Okonofua, Adetutu O. Balogun, Adetoyeje Y. Oyeyemi","doi":"10.5423/PNGAS.V12I1.105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5423/PNGAS.V12I1.105","url":null,"abstract":"Of all the bibliometric parameters, the h-index is the most widely used to gauge the academic productivity and contribution to disciplines. In 2005, Hirsch proposed the h-index as a robust indicator of the quantity (number of publications) and quality (impact of the citations) of a scientific publication, but this speculation has not been empirically tested. This investigation determined the contributions of quantity and quality dimensions to the prediction of h-index and identify which of the dimension is the most viable in predicting it. The h-index, total number of publications, citation, and co-authorship counts for the 80 medical and health sciences fellows of the African Academy of Sciences were obtained from the Scopus database. The h-index is significantly related to publication (r = .388, p<.001), citation (r = .309, p<.01) and co-authorship (r = .246, p<.05) counts. The three independent variables combined significantly predicted h-index (F (3, 76) = 4.68, p<.01, R2 = .156). Although the regression model is a good fit for the data, only 15.6% of the variance in h-index was accounted for by the three bibliometric parameters. Publication count is the only viable predictor, explaining 15.1% out of the 15.6% total variability in the h-index. The remaining 84.4% variance that is unexplained in this study suggests that h-index has more than the quantity and quality nomological dimensions. Follow up studies should explore the predictive viability of other bibliometric measures such as the number of “reads,” book and chapter authorships, invited presentation engagements and conference proceedings.","PeriodicalId":312312,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115618665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beyond Petroleum - Whither Nigeria? 超越石油——尼日利亚何去何从?

Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science Pub Date : 2019-10-30 DOI: 10.5423/PNGAS.V12I1.106

M. B. Oyeneyin

{"title":"Beyond Petroleum - Whither Nigeria?","authors":"M. B. Oyeneyin","doi":"10.5423/PNGAS.V12I1.106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5423/PNGAS.V12I1.106","url":null,"abstract":"Oil and Gas (Otherwise known as Petroleum) provide a vital contribution to the Global Energy mix. Economic development and progression are known to be symmetrically linked with increasing hydrocarbon consumption but there is increasing evidence of global demand with attendant impact on alleged global warming and carbon footprint. This has led to a clamour for reduction in hydrocarbon exploration and production operations. The question therefore is: Is there a future for Petroleum? In this paper the question is answered with an emphatic YES. The paper goes further to present appropriate facts and data to support the claim as well as forward-looking statements, particularly those regarding Global/African economic growth, population and productivity growth, energy consumption, energy mix, policy support for gas utilisation and renewable energies, sources of energy supply and growth of hydrocarbon supply. There is increasing gap between global demand and supply especially in developing economies of China, India and in particular Nigeria where increasing economic growth/development, inward consumption by growing modern population, manufacturing industries and energy consumption and current low hydrocarbon recovery factor are identified as the catalysts for the demand outstripping supply. There is evidence that there will be a gap of almost 5million barrels per day between demand and supply in Nigeria by the year 2030 which will inevitably turn Nigeria into an oil importing country if there is no urgent intervention. There is scope/opportunity for aggressive exploration into and production from Deepwater environment and existing mature assets using game changing fit-for-purpose technologies and skilled manpower development supported by forward looking strategic framework enabler policies by Government working with industry the details of which are presented in the paper.","PeriodicalId":312312,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126898418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fostering Scientific Creativity in the Context of the Sustainable Development Goals 在可持续发展目标的背景下培养科学创造力

Proceedings of the Nigerian Academy of Science Pub Date : 2019-10-30 DOI: 10.5423/PNGAS.V12I1.101

F. Okonofua

引用次数: 0