{"title":"Imagining Ottoman Armenia: Realism and Allegory in Garabed Nichanian’s Provincial Wedding in Moush and Late Ottoman Art Criticism","authors":"V. Davidian","doi":"10.4000/EAC.907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/EAC.907","url":null,"abstract":"This essay examines the manifestation of Realism within the Constantinople Armenian intellectual milieu of the 1880s by delving into the hitherto untested waters of Ottoman visual art production and art criticism. An image and kindred text are closely read and held to mirror major, yet interrelated, concerns of the Constantinople Armenian Realist Generation (Պոլսահայ Իրապաշտ Սերունդ) – the precarious socio-economic and political situation in Ottoman Armenia and the phenomenon of bantkhdoutioun (պանդխտութիւն), the large scale movement of provincial migrant workers from Ottoman Armenia to the imperial capital – and, to reflect upon the manner and avenues of articulation of these concerns under conditions of autocratic rule and increasingly tightening censorship. The essay proposes that an artist’s brush was often able to evade the censor’s scalpel more effectively than the pen, to convey meaning and project allegorical content under the guise of an ethnographic cloak. By extensively drawing upon a wealth of hitherto unutilized Ottoman Armenian sources, the re-introduction and inclusion of diverse silenced voices to complicate the art historiography of the Ottoman Empire is advocated. Through the introduction of some of these voices, this essay hopes to contribute to efforts towards more empirically and methodologically sound, nuanced and inclusive, Ottoman art histories.","PeriodicalId":31125,"journal":{"name":"Etudes Armeniennes Contemporaines","volume":"1 1","pages":"155-225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70070775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Female Photographic Representations in the Post-Ottoman Landscape The Female Body as a Battleground of Imperialisms and Nationalisms","authors":"A. Gegisian","doi":"10.4000/eac.951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/eac.951","url":null,"abstract":"The paper explores how contemporary artistic practices employing archival methods can intervene in colonial, nationalist and gendered photographic representations. Taking as a starting point the photographic installation Self-Portrait as an Ottoman Woman (2012, on going) comprised of postcards featuring women in traditional dresses and national costumes of the post-Ottoman landscape, it examines the complex processes in the production and consumption of photography related to Orientalist practices, Ottoman Imperialism and various nation-building processes. Considering how the collection of postcards problematises the historical accuracy of the female representations, the paper argues that alluding to the idea of the “Ottoman woman” constructs a collective space of belonging for a series of conflicting and oppositional social, ethnic and religious positions. In emphasising the instability of gender representations, Self-Portrait as an Ottoman Woman treats images of the past not only as documentary evidence but also as unstable bodies layered with contradictory significations. Rejecting chronological and geographical taxonomies and organising the postcards based on the posture of the women, the work shapes a series of movements that disrupt specific ideologies and question the male gaze.","PeriodicalId":31125,"journal":{"name":"Etudes Armeniennes Contemporaines","volume":"1 1","pages":"293-305"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70071382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Faire entendre la polyphonie du passé : pour une histoire repensée des arts ottomans","authors":"Vazken Khatchig Davidian","doi":"10.4000/eac.881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/eac.881","url":null,"abstract":"Ce texte est l’introduction du numero special de la revue Etudes armeniennes contemporaines intitule « Pour des histoires de l’art plurielles : redonner voix aux Armeniens ottomans ».","PeriodicalId":31125,"journal":{"name":"Etudes Armeniennes Contemporaines","volume":"1 1","pages":"19-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70070601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"“Accidental” Encounters with the Ottoman Armenians in Contemporary Turkey","authors":"E. Çaylı","doi":"10.4000/eac.919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/eac.919","url":null,"abstract":"This essay discusses a set of inadvertent encounters with the late 19th and early 20th century persecution of the Ottoman Armenians in light of Rosalind Morris’ notion of “accident,” which implicates the traumatic event as not just a distant, isolated and immutable past but also one that constantly crops up in the present and runs the risk of so doing in the future. The essay draws attention to the multiplicity of the actors and settings involved in the said encounters: bones, trees, living people, mountains, stones, buildings, rivers, fault lines, and valleys. In these encounters, the temporal pervasiveness characteristic of Morris’ notion of accident is therefore coupled by its spatial counterpart as it stretches above, below, through and across the geography concerned. This twofold pervasiveness is a call to begin to develop a new notion of truth about the persecution of the Ottoman Armenians—one whose contemporary resonance complicates sequentiality and builds on an entanglement of human-inflicted and natural forms of destruction and violence.","PeriodicalId":31125,"journal":{"name":"Etudes Armeniennes Contemporaines","volume":"1 1","pages":"257-270"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70070837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reframing Ottoman Art Histories: Bringing Silenced Voices Back into the Picture","authors":"V. Davidian","doi":"10.4000/eac.875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/eac.875","url":null,"abstract":"This text is an introduction to the special issue of Etudes armeniennes contemporaines entitled “Towards Inclusive Art Histories: Ottoman Armenian Speak Back”.","PeriodicalId":31125,"journal":{"name":"Etudes Armeniennes Contemporaines","volume":"1 1","pages":"7-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70070556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Témoignages de rescapés et connaissance du génocide de 1915-1916La constitution des fonds d’archives arméniens et leurs usages historiographiques","authors":"Boris Adjemian, R. Kévorkian","doi":"10.4000/EAC.755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/EAC.755","url":null,"abstract":"L’histoire du genocide des Armeniens a longtemps ete ecrite essentiellement sur la base de sources officielles et de temoignages de tiers (diplomates, missionnaires), sans recourir aux temoignages des victimes et des rescapes, dont certains ont pourtant ete produits et publies au moment meme des evenements. Cet article retrace la genese des trois grands corpus de temoignages de rescapes qui furent rassembles dans l’immediat apres-guerre, dans le Caucase, a Constantinople, et a Alep puis Paris. Il montre le role des institutions armeniennes qui prirent part a la constitution de ces fonds d’archives dans le but d’appuyer leurs revendications politiques et de preparer les proces destines a juger les criminels. Il explique ensuite le caractere tardif de l’integration des temoignages de victimes aux travaux des historiens. S’arretant plus particulierement sur le corpus reuni par Aram Andonian, les auteurs soulignent l’apport des temoignages de rescapes a une historiographie renouvelee du genocide des Armeniens.","PeriodicalId":31125,"journal":{"name":"Etudes Armeniennes Contemporaines","volume":"1 1","pages":"79-111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70070572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"D’un savoir en crise à un savoir indiscipliné. Le statut du savoir de la victime de violence de masse dans les pratiques judiciaires et historiographiques","authors":"Aurélia Kalisky","doi":"10.4000/eac.772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/eac.772","url":null,"abstract":"A travers la variete de formes qu’il est susceptible d’adopter – du temoignage codifie par le droit au « temoignage artistique » –, le temoignage de la victime de « violence politique extreme » se caracterise par une subjectivite qui explique la precarite de son statut au sein des savoirs objectivants. Cependant, les evolutions recentes dans la pratique du droit et dans l’ecriture de l’histoire permettent d’interroger l’hypothese d’un « tournant testimonial » inaugurant la prise en compte, au moins partielle, de cette subjectivite dans ses dimensions epistemologique, politique et ethique. Mais pour que le savoir du temoin ne se trouve pas assujetti a un ordre reconduisant son instrumentalisation, ou consacre comme un savoir « a part », il faut envisager sa place au sein des savoirs par-dela les frontieres inherentes aux disciplines concernees par son usage. Seule une approche transdisciplinaire peut permettre d’envisager le savoir in-discipline qui lui est propre.","PeriodicalId":31125,"journal":{"name":"Etudes Armeniennes Contemporaines","volume":"1 1","pages":"25-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70070692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Le recueil et la valorisation des témoignages de survivants à l’âge du numérique. La collection de l’USC Shoah Foundation","authors":"E. Debono","doi":"10.4000/eac.845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/eac.845","url":null,"abstract":"Vingt ans apres la creation par le realisateur Steven Spielberg d’une fondation destinee a recueillir a l’echelle internationale les temoignages des survivants de la Shoah, cet article propose une lecture critique du travail accompli en forme de bilan, par le representant en France de l’USC Shoah Foundation. La reflexion porte sur les aspects techniques du projet, resolument ancre dans le champ du numerique, mais egalement sur la nature, la philosophie et les usages d’une collection qui a largement deborde son cadre initial en s’ouvrant aux temoignages des victimes des autres genocides et crimes de masse.","PeriodicalId":31125,"journal":{"name":"Etudes Armeniennes Contemporaines","volume":"1 1","pages":"211-229"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70070964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mass Violence: from Experience to Knowledge","authors":"Alexandra Garbarini, Boris Adjemian","doi":"10.4000/eac.743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/eac.743","url":null,"abstract":"This text is an introduction to the theme issue of Etudes armeniennes contemporaines on “Victim Testimony and Understanding Mass Violence”.","PeriodicalId":31125,"journal":{"name":"Etudes Armeniennes Contemporaines","volume":"1 1","pages":"15-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70070122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Document Volumes and the Status of Victim Testimony in the Era of the First World War and Its Aftermath","authors":"Alexandra Garbarini","doi":"10.4000/EAC.782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/EAC.782","url":null,"abstract":"This article focuses on a prominent type of atrocity literature, the document volume, and the status accorded victim testimony within such volumes. Whereas scholars have tended to treat Holocaust testimony, Armenian genocide testimony, and the atrocity literature of the First World War and interwar years as distinct from one another and have traced their genealogies separately, this article brings them together to explore by what means knowledge about mass violence was established in the era preceding the Holocaust.","PeriodicalId":31125,"journal":{"name":"Etudes Armeniennes Contemporaines","volume":"1 1","pages":"113-138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70070764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}