{"title":"Comparative evaluation of distributed physical cell identity assignment schemes for LTE-advanced systems","authors":"Ali Diab, A. Mitschele-Thiel","doi":"10.1145/2387191.2387201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2387191.2387201","url":null,"abstract":"One of the main challenges pertinent to Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems is the development of distributed and self-organized solutions for the Physical Cell Identities (PCIs) assignment problem. This challenge is the focus of the paper, which highlights the state of art and investigates via simulation studies the performance of three well-known distributed approaches (the graph coloring approach, the LTE standard proposal and the NS approach) deploying several scenarios, namely static, growing and dynamic. Our simulation results show that the NS approach outperforms the two other studied schemes in all investigated scenarios: it reduces collisions by more than 70% and confusions by more than 40%. We also show that the deployment of eNBs significantly affects the performance of the PCI assignment approaches. The network converges to a steady state employing all studied approaches deploying the static and growing scenarios. However, there is no guarantee to reach a steady state when deploying the dynamic scenario. In fact, this depends on the degree of dynamic the network has. The higher the dynamic degree, the higher is the probability that the system transits into an unstable state. Our results show that the probability of experiencing confusions when deploying the dynamic scenario is 0.45, 0.57 and 0.57 when operating the LTE proposal, the graph coloring and the NS approach, respectively. Our studies conclude that considerable developments to the approaches must be achieved to cope with dynamic scenarios.","PeriodicalId":311005,"journal":{"name":"International Workshop on Performance Monitoring, Measurement, and Evaluation of Heterogeneous Wireless and Wired Networks","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121968338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental system for self-optimization of LTE networks","authors":"M. Asghar, Seppo Hämäläinen, N. Meinke","doi":"10.1145/2387191.2387205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2387191.2387205","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to present an experimental platform developed for 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks where the effectiveness of self-optimization algorithms can be tested in a realistic environment. Several Self-organizing networks (SON) use cases are implemented in realistic scenarios. The system is developed to provide self-optimization functionalities in the framework of Self organizing networks (SON). The experimental system shown is built on top of radio network simulators and commercial network management products. In this work different commercial network management products like Radio Network Optimizer, Radio Network Simulator and Operational Subsystem (OSS) Middleware are integrated to provide automatic and efficient SON solutions, thus reducing human effort on the one hand and improving network performance in terms of coverage, capacity and service quality on the other. The network performance impacts of remote electrical antenna tilt (RET) optimization and transmission power optimization could be shown with the tool. Average cell throughput and per physical resource block (PRB) throughput are shown for constant bit rate (CBR) service before and after optimization. Coverage improvements are seen in improvements in handover (HO) failure statistics. Robustness and convergence time of optimization algorithms are studied.","PeriodicalId":311005,"journal":{"name":"International Workshop on Performance Monitoring, Measurement, and Evaluation of Heterogeneous Wireless and Wired Networks","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122075542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Julius Mueller, Yahya Al-Hazmi, M. Sadikin, D. Vingarzan, T. Magedanz
{"title":"Secure and efficient validation of data traffic flows in fixed and mobile networks","authors":"Julius Mueller, Yahya Al-Hazmi, M. Sadikin, D. Vingarzan, T. Magedanz","doi":"10.1145/2387191.2387213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2387191.2387213","url":null,"abstract":"Services residing within the application layer in today's fixed and mobile Next-Generation-Networks (NGN) environments are abstracting from the underlying network layer and therefore assuming pure IP connectivity without taking in-network services as Quality-of-Service (QoS) guarantees, routing decisions, etc. into consideration. Real-time services (security or multimedia) require reliable end-to-end (E2E) transport of packet data flows starting at the device going over fixed and mobile access and core networks into autonomous networks towards a specific service.\u0000 End-to-end monitoring provides QoS information on the full data path, but analyzing all or most parts of one packet data flow through fragmented heterogeneous network domains is more complex and requires distributed monitoring techniques in each network compartment. This paper presents an efficient packet tracking algorithm using distributed hash based sampling technique. First the concept of packet tracking is presented followed by an overview of a prototype implementation. The paper concludes with a validation scenario of packet tracking applied on the 3GPP Evolved Packet Core exemplarily.","PeriodicalId":311005,"journal":{"name":"International Workshop on Performance Monitoring, Measurement, and Evaluation of Heterogeneous Wireless and Wired Networks","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121351405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Asimakis Lykourgiotis, S. Kotsopoulos, T. Dagiuklas
{"title":"A comprehensive simulation study of low latency handoffs in mobile IPv4 for VoiP in IEEE 802.11b WLAN","authors":"Asimakis Lykourgiotis, S. Kotsopoulos, T. Dagiuklas","doi":"10.1145/2387191.2387197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2387191.2387197","url":null,"abstract":"The inexpensive deployment combined with the high bandwidth availability of IEEE 802.11 wireless local area networks led to their proliferation. Although WLANs provide the means of portable computing and networking, the transition to full mobility support, despite the significant progress, has not yet achieved. As an effect, minimization of Handoff Delay is the one of the crucial factors and challenges to deliver multimedia services of high quality (i.e. VoIP over WLANs). The aim of this paper is to access and evaluate the impact of mobility protocols in terms of Handoff Delay on VoIP quality. Low Latency Handoffs in Mobile IPv4 has been used since it is the most promising extension of the standard network-layered Mobility Management protocol of Mobile IPv4. According to the performed analysis, this paper presents VoIP Quality (in terms of R-factor) during handoff scenarios for various VoIP codecs using the aforementioned mobility protocol through OPNET simulation. Through simulation, it is shown that the achieved reduction of Handoff Delay can lead to VoIP Quality improvements in terms of service continuity in all-IP Wireless Access Networking environments.","PeriodicalId":311005,"journal":{"name":"International Workshop on Performance Monitoring, Measurement, and Evaluation of Heterogeneous Wireless and Wired Networks","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132978294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Distributed maintenance of minimum-cost path information in wireless sensor networks","authors":"M. Steine, M. Geilen, T. Basten","doi":"10.1145/2069087.2069092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2069087.2069092","url":null,"abstract":"The quality of the communication links in a Wireless Sensor Network often shows significant asymmetry and variation over time, due to, for example, heterogeneous settings of the transmission power, moving nodes or changing external interference. This makes it difficult for nodes to accurately maintain system-level properties, such as the minimum-energy path from the node to a given reference node, as required by many protocols. In this paper, we introduce a distributed service that allows nodes to maintain accurate information related to the minimum-cost path, such as its cost or parent on that path. Using controlled n-hop forwarding, to deal with asymmetric links, every node disseminates minimum-cost path and connectivity information allowing every connected node in the network to iteratively derive minimum-cost path information. This controlled n-hop forwarding is repeated to avoid stale information due to dynamic changes in link qualities. The parameters of the service allow a trade-off between the accuracy and overhead. We study the characteristics of a deployment that impact this trade-off and how the service should be parameterized accordingly. Extensive simulations and experiments for an actual deployment show a significant increase in the accuracy of the maintained minimum-cost path information, compared to the typically used local broadcasting approach.","PeriodicalId":311005,"journal":{"name":"International Workshop on Performance Monitoring, Measurement, and Evaluation of Heterogeneous Wireless and Wired Networks","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132310782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jérôme Härri, Pasquale Cataldi, Daniel Krajzewicz, R. Blokpoel, Y. Lopez, Jérémie Leguay, C. Bonnet, Laura Bieker
{"title":"Modeling and simulating ITS applications with iTETRIS","authors":"Jérôme Härri, Pasquale Cataldi, Daniel Krajzewicz, R. Blokpoel, Y. Lopez, Jérémie Leguay, C. Bonnet, Laura Bieker","doi":"10.1145/2069087.2069093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2069087.2069093","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents the modeling methodology of the iTETRIS platform to integrate and simulate ITS applications. iTETRIS is a modular and open-source simulation platform composed of four key modules: the network simulator ns-3, the traffic simulator SUMO, an ITS (Intelligent Transportation System) application simulator, and a central federating module called iCS. Our contribution is twofold: First, we propose a methodology to model and simulate ITS applications with iTETRIS around three main mechanisms: (i) message management with generic open APIs based on subscription/result container mechanisms (ii) data management with the integration of an application facilities layer in the iCS, including a local dynamic map (LDM), (iii) application management with an ITS application simulator including one or more application logics. Second, we apply this methodology to implement the following four ITS applications: dynamic route planning, bus lane management, emergency vehicle, and contextual speed adaptation. We describe their integrations in iTETRIS, including a characterization of their interactions with the iCS, and illustrate the benefits of these ITS applications on traffic efficiency, gasoline consumption, or air pollutant emissions.","PeriodicalId":311005,"journal":{"name":"International Workshop on Performance Monitoring, Measurement, and Evaluation of Heterogeneous Wireless and Wired Networks","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126585224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quorum-based channel allocation with asymmetric channel view in cognitive radio networks","authors":"S. Romaszko, P. Mähönen","doi":"10.1145/2069087.2069097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2069087.2069097","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we study a novel distributed rendezvous protocol for cognitive radio networks (CRNs), which is based on a grid quorum system, hence we call it the gQ-RDV protocol. A paper tackles with an asymmetric channel view problem rarely investigated due to its complexity. Hence, the objective of the paper is twofold. Different grid-based quorum arrangements are proposed and investigated in order to find the best approach to ensure a very high probability of nodes' rendezvous, while having a different number of available channels in the list. Second, we propose channel mapping methods based on a grid quorum and sub-grids dealing with the asymmetric channel view. Each node visits channels according to its channel map and without exchange of any information, which reduces signaling overhead.","PeriodicalId":311005,"journal":{"name":"International Workshop on Performance Monitoring, Measurement, and Evaluation of Heterogeneous Wireless and Wired Networks","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125404121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A TPM-enabled remote attestation protocol (TRAP) in wireless sensor networks","authors":"Hailun Tan, Wen Hu, S. Jha","doi":"10.1145/2069087.2069090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2069087.2069090","url":null,"abstract":"Given the limited resources and computational power of current embedded sensor devices, memory protection is difficult to achieve and generally unavailable. Hence, the software run-time buffer overflow that is used by the worm attacks in the Internet could be easily exploited to inject malicious codes into Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Previous software-based remote code verification approaches such as SWATT and SCUBA have been shown difficult to deploy in recent work. In this paper, we propose and implement a remote attestation protocol for detecting unauthorized tampering in the application codes running on sensor nodes with the assistance of Trusted Platform Modules (TPMs), the tiny, cost-effective and tamper-proof cryptographic microcontrollers. In our design, each sensor node is equipped with a TPM and the firmware running on the node could be verified by the other sensor nodes in a WSN, including the sink. Specifically, we present a hardware-based remote attestation protocol, discuss the potential attacks an adversary could launch against the protocol, and provide comprehensive system performance results of the protocol in a multi-hop sensor network testbed.","PeriodicalId":311005,"journal":{"name":"International Workshop on Performance Monitoring, Measurement, and Evaluation of Heterogeneous Wireless and Wired Networks","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127972773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Convergence and performance analysis of leaderless synchronization in Wi-Fi networks","authors":"Andrea Vesco, F. Abrate, R. Scopigno","doi":"10.1145/2069087.2069095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2069087.2069095","url":null,"abstract":"This work addresses synchronization in multi-hop wireless access networks, with the main but not exclusive purpose of providing end-to-end Quality of Service by time-based scheduling. In these networks all nodes require a common notion of time in order to deploy a common time reference structure and to locate themselves therein. Although nodes can be synchronized with an external and absolute time reference, as provided by a global navigation satellite system, this work focuses on a distributed synchronization solution exploiting local time information at each node. The convergence and performance analysis of a consensus-based solution called Leaderless Time Synchronization Protocol (LTSP) is presented considering different sources of synchronization errors.","PeriodicalId":311005,"journal":{"name":"International Workshop on Performance Monitoring, Measurement, and Evaluation of Heterogeneous Wireless and Wired Networks","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116467241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"CLAP: coordinated lightweight APs architecture for wireless IPTV service in home networks","authors":"Kandaraj Piamrat, P. Fontaine","doi":"10.1145/2069087.2069103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2069087.2069103","url":null,"abstract":"Today, network operators are facing the new era of home networks where wireless 5 GHz band begins to play an important role. With higher capacity of standards operating on this band (e.g. IEEE 802.11a/n/ac), quality of service can be improved drastically; however, many difficulties still remain. Due to open nature of the medium, wireless network is vulnerable to all types of interference and disturbance. The challenge in ensuring service quality in such environment is crucial especially for multimedia delivery which emerges rapidly in today's home networks. As a consequence, network operator will have to guarantee these services in wireless environment the same way they do in wired networks. This paper will focus especially on IPTV application that does not require only high throughput but also has strict constraints on coverage and packet loss. Good reception level needs to be guaranteed in the whole house in order to use the highest modulation, and interferences need to be controlled when several transmitters share the medium. Therefore, this paper presents a new architecture for future home networks, in which multiple access points are deployed with coordination established to provide viable transmission of IPTV applications. The mechanism is built on top of DCF and has two main advantages: fully compatible with 802.11 standard clients and applicable to both downlink and uplink streams. The study has been conducted using NS-3 to evaluate performances of the Coordinated-APs compared to Single-AP and Distributed-APs approaches, in realistic home environment. The obtained results demonstrate better channel utilization and collision reduction of coordinated approach that can guarantee IPTV requirement.","PeriodicalId":311005,"journal":{"name":"International Workshop on Performance Monitoring, Measurement, and Evaluation of Heterogeneous Wireless and Wired Networks","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133505982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}