Perspectives In Medical Research最新文献

{"title":"Speciation of coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) isolated from various clinical specimens in a tertiary care hospital of southern Rajasthan","authors":"Rohit Kumar, Ramanath Karicheri, Sheetal Jain","doi":"10.47799/pimr.1002.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47799/pimr.1002.07","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract\u0000 \u0000 Background: Coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) are a group of staph bacteria, which generally exist as normal flora of human skin and the oral flora found on mucous membranes. CoNS in immunocompromised patients can cause variety of infections like bacteraemia, central nervous system shunt infection, intravascular catheter-related infections, endocarditis, surgical site infections, urinary tract infections, foreign body infection, endophthalmitis, peritonitis and wound, bone and joint infections as well as infections in neonates. These infections are difficult to treat because of the risk factors and the drug resistant nature of the organisms.Objective:To find out species wise distribution of Coagulase negative Staphylococci (CoNS) in various relevant clinical samples in our institute. Materials and Method:A total of 500 CoNS strains were isolated from relevant clinical specimens. CoNS strains were isolated from variety of clinical specimens. Strains were identified as CoNS on the basis of colony morphology, gram stain, catalase test and coagulase test. Conventional methods were used for species identification after confirming isolates as CoNS. Results:The most common source of CoNS isolation was blood (34%), followed by respiratory secretions (24.4%), urine (16.8%), pus (13.4%), swabs (5.4%), bodily fluid (1.4%), and others (4.6%). S.epidermidis was most frequently isolated (30.6%), followed by S.hemolyticus (25.4%), S.hominis (12.6%), S.capitis (12%), S.lugdunensis (11.4%) and S.cohnii (08%). Conclusion\u0000 : As CoNS have become major cause of nosocomial infections, there is a need for rapid identification and speciation of CoNS with their antibiotic susceptibility for better management of these cases and to prevent emergence of drug resistance.","PeriodicalId":30624,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives In Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49553397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of ABC-VED analysis for inventory control in drug store of a tertiary care hospital of North Maharashtra","authors":"Emaran Shaikh Teli, Chetan Bhangale, Kashif Momin, Jaiprakash Ramanand, Harshal M. Mahajan","doi":"10.47799/pimr.1002.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47799/pimr.1002.13","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract\u0000 \u0000 Introduction: The hospital's pharmacy is one of the most heavily used therapeutic services and one of the few places where a significant amount of money is spent on recurrent purchases. This underlines the need of strategically planning, creating, and arranging the pharmacy to ensure effective clinical and administrative services. Materials and Methods:Inventory control techniques like ABC, VED and ABC-VED matrix analysis were used to evaluate the annual drug expenditure at drug store of Government Medical College & Hospital Jalgaon for the financial year 2019-20. Results:Total number of drugs in inventory in Government Medical College & Hospital Jalgaon in the year 2019-20 were 334 and the annual drug expenditure was 54040462/-. Category A comprised of 49 drugs (14.7%) for which annual drug expenditure was 37286500/- i.e. 69%. 87 drugs (26%) accounting to 11324859/- (20.96%) were classified as category B drugs. Category C drugs included 198 drugs comprising 59.3% of total inventory and consumed 5429103/- i.e. 10.05% of total annual drug expenditure. 39 drugs (11.7%) were classified into vital/V category which accounted for 15257089/- i.e. 28.23% of annual drug expenditure, while essential/E category included 127 (38%) drugs for which 30161684/- (55.81%) was incurred for their procurement. 168 (50.3%) drugs accounting to 8621689/- (15.95% of total annual drug expenditure). Conclusion:The application of inventory control strategies such as ABC, VED, and the ABC-VED Matrix will help in significant improvements in patient care.","PeriodicalId":30624,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives In Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45930438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative study of intraperitoneal Bupivacaine with Dexmedetomidine versus intraperitoneal Bupivacaine with Fentanyl for post operative analgesia following laparoscopic cholecystectomy","authors":"Sheetal Pawar, S. Totawar, V. Kulkarni","doi":"10.47799/pimr.1002.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47799/pimr.1002.12","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract\u0000 \u0000 INTRODUCTION: Maximum open surgeries are being replaced with laparoscopic surgeries. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is being more commonly practiced than open surgery. Many parenteral or oral medications are used to control post operative pain following laparoscopic cholecystectomy do have their own side effects. So, local instillation will be beneficial with lesser or negligible side effects. The present study was conducted to compare the effect of intraperitoneal instillation of 0.25% Bupivacaine with Dexmedetomidine and 0.25% Bupivacaine with Fentanyl to know which combination has better efficacy in patients of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. \u0000 \u0000 METHODOLOGY: The present comparative study was carried on patients posted for Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in a tertiary care hospital during 2019 to 2022, The patients were divided in two equal groups of 40 each with Group D - Patients receiving 0.25% bupivacaine with Dexmedetomidine and were instilled with 30ml of 0.25% bupivacaine with 1 μg/kg Dexmedetomidine (diluted in 2 ml Normal Saline). Also, Group F - Patients receiving 0.25% bupivacaine with Fentanyl where patients were instilled with 30ml of 0.25% bupivacaine with 1 μg/kg Fentanyl (diluted with 2 ml Normal saline NS). Degree of postoperative pain was assessed using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). \u0000 \u0000 RESULTS: Overall VAS in 24 hrs was significantly lower in the D group compared to F group. The time required for the first dose of rescue analgesia was longer in the D group than in F group, indicating better and longer pain relief in the D group compared to that of F group. The difference was also statistically significant among the two groups. Total analgesic consumption was high in F group than in the D group. \u0000 \u0000 CONCLUSION: We concluded that intraperitoneal instillation of dexmedetomidine 1 μg/kg in combination with 0.25% Bupivacaine in elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy significantly reduces the post operative pain and analgesic requirement in postoperative period.","PeriodicalId":30624,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives In Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43741934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Mammography, Sonography, Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology, and Excision Biopsy for the Diagnosis of Breast Lesions","authors":"Rusab Baig, R. Desai, Mahenaaz Tabassum, M. A. Mughni, Syed Hamza Quadri, Syed Zainuddin Rafai","doi":"10.47799/pimr.1002.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47799/pimr.1002.11","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract\u0000 \u0000 Background\u0000 and Objective\u0000 :\u0000 Problem of invasive tests in breast lesion diagnosis can be addressed by comparing non-invasive tests with final Histopathological diagnosis obtained after excision biopsy. Present study was carried out to study diagnostic utility of mammography, sonography, FNAC compared to excision biopsy for diagnosis of breast lesions\u0000 \u0000 Methods:\u0000 Prospective Observational study was carried out among 81 women with Breast related symptoms. Digital Mammography Machine, ACUSON S3000™ Ultrasound System; FNAC and surgery for excision Biopsy were used. Sensitivity, Specificity, Accuracy, Positive and Negative Predictive values were measured and p<0.05 was considered as statistically significant.\u0000 \u0000 Results:\u0000 Sonography and FNAC composite have sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive and negative predictive values 100.00%, 81.40%, 90.12%, 82.61% and 100.00% respectively. Mammography+FNAC (97.3%) is not as sensitive as Sonography+FNAC (100%), Sonography combined with FNAC is equally sensitive to excision biopsy (100%) and therefore can be used for screening purpose.\u0000 \u0000 Conclusion: Contrary to present guidelines which consider Mammography as most important screening tool for Breast Cancer, combination of Sonography and FNAC can be considered equally reliable.","PeriodicalId":30624,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives In Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47470790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Prospective and Retrospective Study of Bone Marrow in Patients with Pancytopenia– A Study of 150 Cases","authors":"S. Cheruku, Jyothi Swaroopa M, Sravanthi Yerragolla, S. Srikanth","doi":"10.47799/pimr.1002.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47799/pimr.1002.10","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000 \u0000 BACKGROUND\u0000 : The bone marrow is widely distributed organ and is the principle site for blood cells formation. The broad spectrum of disorders affects the marrow primarily or secondarily with presentation of peripheral pancytopenia. Hence, bone marrow examination is extremely helpful in evaluation of pancytopenia. This study emphasizes the different causes of pancytopenia and bone marrow morphology in cases of pancytopenia.\u0000 \u0000 MATERIALS & METHODS: The present study is a retrospective and prospective study done in the department of Pathology, for a period of two years. All the relevant history, clinical details, radiological details, and biochemistry parameters were considered.\u0000 \u0000 RESULTS: Out of 150 cases,96 were males and 54 were females. Majority of the patients were in the age group of 41-60 years (54%) amongst whom Megaloblastic anaemia was the most important cause of pancytopenia.\u0000 \u0000 CONCLUSION: Bone marrow aspiration is relatively a very safe invasive procedure and primarily permits cytological assessment since the underlying pathology determines the management and prognosis of the patients.","PeriodicalId":30624,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives In Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44470564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intracranial Magnetic Resonance Venography of Superior Sagittal Sinus, Straight Sinus and Cerebral Venous Channels: Normal Anatomy and Variations in North Indian Population","authors":"N. Agarwal, R. Pakhiddey, Neel Chand Dhissa","doi":"10.47799/pimr.1002.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47799/pimr.1002.04","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract\u0000 The intracranial dural venous sinuses can be injured leading to thrombosis with in the dural sinuses causing headache, abnormal vision, weakness of the face and limbs on one side of the body, and seizures.Magnetic Resonance Venography (MRV) is one of the preferred methods of evaluation of the cerebral venous sinus anatomy, variations and pathology, particularly in the diagnosis of venous sinus thrombosis. \u0000 The purpose of this study is to evaluate the use of MRV to depict the normal intracranial venous anatomy and its variants in North Indian population which can help to avoid potential pitfalls in the diagnosis of dural venous sinus thrombosis, venous infarcts and venous hemorrhage. \u0000 \u0000 Aim:The purpose of this study is to evaluate the use of MRV to depict the normal intracranial venous anatomy and its variants in North Indian population, which can help to avoid potential pitfalls in the diagnosis of dural venous sinus thrombosis, venous infarcts and venous hemorrhage. \u0000 \u0000 Materials:The present study was undertaken in the Departments of Anatomy and Radiodiagnosis at a North Indian tertiary care teaching hospital over a period of two years. Magnetic Resonance Venograms (MRV) of patients attending the radiology department were used to study the normal anatomy and variations in the dural venous sinuses. 50 MRV scans of which 26 were of females and 24 of male, were included in the study. Anatomical variations and variations in drainage of the dural venous sinuses were assessed and statistical analysis was done.\u0000 \u0000 Results:For both superior sagittal sinus drainage and straight sinus drainage, the proportion of veins draining in right and left transverse sinuses and confluence of sinuses was significantly different in the two age groups (p<0.001) in both males and females. Partial splitting of superior sagittal sinus in anterior one third or posterior one third was also seen. Statistically significant findings were observed regarding the laterality for vein of Labbe & vein of Trolard.\u0000 \u0000 Conclusion:MR venography is an excellent diagnostic technique to visualise anatomy and anatomic variations of venous sinuses as observed in our study. The partial splitting of superior sagittal sinus in either anterior one third or posterior one third as seen in our study, can cause misdiagnosis of thrombosis. Hence, knowledge of normal anatomy and anatomic variations in the intracranial venous sinuses is very important to diagnose cerebral venous sinus thrombosis accurately.","PeriodicalId":30624,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives In Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44793551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspectives for Medical Research in the Next Decade","authors":"N. Mudgalkar","doi":"10.47799/pimr.1002.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47799/pimr.1002.01","url":null,"abstract":"Perspec ves in medical research has completed ten glorious as a journal this year. The journey was difficult yet very dynamic. The problems for medical journals are enormous. Right from receiving standardmanuscripts which have strong scien fic message, to the proper peer review for ar cles every step was difficult. Ins tu onal Ethics commi ee approval and clinical trial approval for studies was not universal and was not asked regularly for medical journal. Peer review process was not robust and was not objec ve. The CONSORT checklist was not being followed for every ar cle and hence ar cle standard is compromised. The non-availability of technical staff was again an issue.","PeriodicalId":30624,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives In Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44064039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study of changes in Mean Ocular Perfusion Pressure and Intra-Ocular Pressure among patients undergoing hemodialysis","authors":"D. Seethalakshmi, Savitha Kanakapur, Supriya Dk","doi":"10.47799/pimr.1002.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47799/pimr.1002.05","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract\u0000 \u0000 Background:During hemodialysis there is decrease in both systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and hence Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) due to decrease in body fluid volume. Due to reduction in MAP there is decrease in Mean Ocular Perfusion Pressure (MOPP) and also there is increase in IOP during dialysis.\u0000 \u0000 Objective:To study changes in MOPP and IOP among patients undergoing hemodialysis \u0000 \u0000 Methods:An observational study was carried out among 100 patients undergoing hemodialysis Under aseptic condition, Proparacaine eye drops were instilled in both eyes, IOP was measured by Schiotz Indentation Tonometer 30 min before, during hemodialysis and 30 min after hemodialysis in supine position. Tonometer was sterilized by Isopropyl alcohol and was washed with normal saline before using on next patient. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured by using sphygmomanometer 30 min before, during and 30 min after hemodialysis.\u0000 \u0000 Results:The variations in the SBP, DBP and MAP before, during and after hemodialysis were not statistically significant (p>0.05). There was significant differences for IOP between before, during and after hemodialysis and same for MOPP except before and 30 min after hemodialysis (p < 0.0001).\u0000 \u0000 Conclusion:Significant fluctuations were seen from the present study in the intra-ocular pressure and mean ocular perfusion pressure during, before and after hemodialysis.","PeriodicalId":30624,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives In Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48420392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Rising trend of obesity among secondary school children of rural background","authors":"S. Thompson, Pragati Kumar N., Asma Syed, F. Naaz","doi":"10.47799/pimr.1002.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47799/pimr.1002.15","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract\u0000 \u0000 Background: Earlier obesity was a disease of the affluent but with changing trend, modernization, sedentary lifestyles overweight/ obesity is increasing in the rural population too. Children of the present generation are prone to obesity which will hamper life in the future. Scientific evidence shows that unhealthy diet and physical inactivity are major global determinants of non-communicable diseases. Aim & Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of obesity, to study the life style factors and to analyze the socio-demographic factors that influence obesity. Materials & Methods:A cross-sectional study was carried out in 400 children between the age group of 12–15 years. Informed consent was obtained from school authorities to collect information from the children. Height and weight were measured using standard procedure and BMI (kg/m) was calculated. Overweight and obesity was assessed by BMI following the WHO guidelines. The questionnaire assessed life style, physical activity, dietary habits and socio-demographic data. Results:Prevalence of obesity was 25.2% (101 children). The statistically significant (p<0.05) factors which influenced obesity was transport to school, physical activity, watching television while eating, consumption of ready made food items, eating in between meals and the socioeconomic status. Conclusion:The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 25.2% as per the BMI (WHO) classification. Use of motor transport, lack of physical activity and sedentary life are major factors.","PeriodicalId":30624,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives In Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42513929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is Estimation Of Blood Glucose By Glucometer More Reliable Than Laboratory Analysis? A Comparative Study Done At Rural Hospital Of Maharashtra","authors":"Shaista Parveen, Afshan Kausar","doi":"10.47799/pimr.1002.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47799/pimr.1002.03","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract\u0000 \u0000 Introduction: Diabetes is a major public health problem that is approaching epidemic proportions globally. Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) is promoted in diabetic patients so that they achieve and maintain specific glycemic goals.\u0000 \u0000 Objectives\u0000 : To compare the blood glucose estimation methods; capillary blood and venous blood by glucometer, venous plasma glucose estimation by auto analyzer and to find variation in results.\u0000 \u0000 Material & Methods\u0000 : 60 patients attending Outpatient department of JIIUs IIMSR and Noor hospital, Warudi, Badnapur, Maharashtra who were advised blood glucose estimation were selected. Finger prick (capillary) blood glucose & glucose estimation of venous blood was done by glucometer; and venous plasma glucose estimation was done by auto analyzer in laboratory.\u0000 \u0000 Result & \u0000 Conclusion\u0000 : Mean values of capillary glucose estimation by glucometer were higher than plasma glucose estimation in laboratory on auto analyzer and the difference was found to be statistically significant. Venous glucose estimation on glucometer gave high erroneous results as compared to plasma glucose estimation in laboratory.","PeriodicalId":30624,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives In Medical Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49397626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}