Electrochimica Acta最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of electrical resistivity and extraction Soxhlet measurements to evaluate rehabilitation of polluted soil by hydrocarbon using electro-phytoremediation with Zea mays","authors":"R.F. Valencia-Rodríguez ,&nbsp;P.B. Rodríguez-Mendoza ,&nbsp;J.A. García-Melo ,&nbsp;E. Hernández-Sánchez ,&nbsp;S. Solís-Valdez ,&nbsp;F.J. Bacame-Valenzuela ,&nbsp;Y. Reyes-Vidal ,&nbsp;S.M. Contreras-Ramos ,&nbsp;J. Cárdenas ,&nbsp;E. Bustos","doi":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146130","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146130","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fuel theft causes hydrocarbons to be dumped on the ground by altering the tubes through which they are transported; this negatively affects the soil quality around them. Geoelectrical studies, such as resistivity studies, propose a practical and rapid technique for detecting plumes due to organic contaminants compared to laboratory chemical studies. The present work evaluated the efficiency of the electrical resistivity measurement in follow-up remediation of soil contaminated with hydrocarbons due to fuel theft actions by comparing the results obtained with those observed in the Soxhlet chemical extraction test. The treatment was carried out using electro-phytoremediation as an environmental technique in a Leptosol, with the removal of 40 % of the hydrocarbon achieved during 55 days of treatment. Performing a statistical analysis, a positive correlation coefficient greater than 0.70 was determined in all soil samples studied. This corroborated the high relationship between the electrical resistivity variables and the mass of hydrocarbons <em>g</em>⁻¹ of soil, maintaining that the soil resistivity values increase in the presence of hydrocarbon from a recent spill, which generated hydrophobicity and blocking of porous, in consequence, reduction of the ionic conduction and cationic exchange capacity of soil by the aggregation of particles. In addition to the geophysical and chemical tests, physicochemical and microbiological studies were used to support the behavior of electrical resistivity and the presence of hydrocarbon in the soil samples before and after applying electro-phytoremediation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":305,"journal":{"name":"Electrochimica Acta","volume":"525 ","pages":"Article 146130"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143734433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid room-temperature sulfidation of commercial FeNiCo alloy for efficient oxygen evolution reaction","authors":"Dongjae Kong ,&nbsp;Jihyun Baek ,&nbsp;Sungsoon Kim ,&nbsp;Xiaolin Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146147","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146147","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although various highly active transition metal-based electrocatalysts have been identified for the anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) for alkaline water electrolysis, the necessity of a binder to coat electrocatalysts onto conductive supports affects the overall durability. Thus, developing a highly active, durable, and binder-free anode is beneficial for advancing alkaline water electrolysis for broader applications. This study presents a new yet effective surface sulfidation method for converting commercial FeNiCo alloy, Kovar, into highly active, stable, and binder-free OER electrodes. This surface sulfidation step leads not only to enhanced electrochemically active surface area but also to surface enrichment of Ni, higher oxidation states of Ni and Fe, and sulfur incorporation into lattice oxygen, which enhances the formation of (oxy)hydroxide and modulates the binding energy of *OH intermediate species. Hence, the surface sulfidized Kovar electrode demonstrated a significant enhancement in OER performance, with an overpotential as low as 261 mV at 10 mA/cm² (compared to 345 mV at 10 mA/cm² for as-received Kovar), a Tafel slope of ∼ 40 mV/dec, and robust stability over 120 h in 1 M KOH. Thus, our surface sulfidation technique facilitates using commercial alloys as self-sufficient anodes without binders and catalysts for alkaline water electrolysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":305,"journal":{"name":"Electrochimica Acta","volume":"525 ","pages":"Article 146147"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143734428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spongy carbon from inedible food: A step towards a clean environment and renewable energy","authors":"Paulina Pietrzyk-Thel ,&nbsp;Amrita Jain ,&nbsp;Magdalena Osial ,&nbsp;Kamil Sobczak ,&nbsp;Monika Michalska","doi":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The global challenges of access to clean water and energy continue to grow, prompting research into sustainable solutions. A promising approach involves the conversion of agricultural waste into high-porosity functional materials for both water purification and energy storage. This study explores the conversion of stale bread into spongy carbon materials, which were evaluated as adsorbents for the removal of cationic dyes and electrodes for supercapacitors. The physical and chemical properties of the material were characterized using standard techniques. In particular, activated carbon produced at 900 °C showed a balanced mixture of micropores and mesopores, with a high specific surface area of ∼1583 m² g^-1, making it a low-cost effective adsorbent for the removal of crystal violet dye, showing an adsorption capacity of 753.9 mg g^-1, optimal at 10 mg of adsorbent dose with only 10 min of contact time. It performed well in a wide pH range (2–12) and in saline solutions. Furthermore, the material demonstrated a single electrode specific capacitance of ∼155 F g^-1, an energy density of 21.6 Wh kg^-1, and a power density of 355.9 kW kg^-1 in supercapacitor applications. It exhibited high reversibility of charge-storage, retaining ∼85 % of its capacitance after 15,000 cycles. These results highlight the potential of pyrolyzed agricultural waste as a versatile and sustainable material for environmental and energy applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":305,"journal":{"name":"Electrochimica Acta","volume":"525 ","pages":"Article 146129"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143734430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanochemical doping of boron & nitrogen on graphite as the metal-free bifunctional electrocatalysts for zinc-air battery","authors":"Anook Nazer Eledath,&nbsp;Azhagumuthu Muthukrishnan","doi":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146132","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146132","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The doping of non-metallic heteroatoms on graphene breaks the isoelectronic nature to catalytically active materials towards various electrochemical reactions. The boron and nitrogen-doped (B&amp;N) few-layer graphite is synthesised by stepwise doping of heteroatoms on commercial graphite using Mechanochemistry. The B&amp;N-doped graphite acts as an efficient oxygen reduction electrocatalyst with a potential window of 0.735 V. Further investigations reveal that boron-sites act as a potential active site for oxygen evolution reaction. In contrast, the synergistic effect of the heteroatoms plays a crucial role in the oxygen reduction reaction. The bifunctional activity of the metal-free B&amp;N-doped graphite is tested for zinc-air battery application. The catalysts-coated carbon air electrode shows a power density of 136 mW cm⁻² and a specific capacity of 795 mA h g_Zn⁻¹. Besides, the stability of catalysts is examined using the galvanostatic charge-discharge cycles, which are stable for &gt;500 cycles (20 min per cycle) or 167 h with the highest zinc utilisation ratio (0.97). The solid-state zinc-air battery is demonstrated to show the material's real-time application. This study opens new avenues to explore more heteroatom(<em>s</em>)-doped carbon catalysts for their bifunctional activity towards metal-air battery applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":305,"journal":{"name":"Electrochimica Acta","volume":"525 ","pages":"Article 146132"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143734432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation and characterization of phosphate coatings developed on 316 L by a cathodic treatment","authors":"Belén Díaz,&nbsp;Iria Feijoo,&nbsp;X. Ramón Nóvoa,&nbsp;Carmen Pérez,&nbsp;Aránzazu Pintos,&nbsp;Sheila Silva-Fernández","doi":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146093","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146093","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The electrochemical formation of phosphate coatings on 316 L stainless steel is investigated in this study, focusing on the influence of cathodic treatment parameters such as temperature, treatment time, and prior activation to achieve efficient and high-quality coatings. The primary aim is to optimise electrochemical process conditions for phosphate coating development, evaluating their effectiveness in terms of crystal formation, coating density, and corrosion resistance. Several experimental conditions were assessed, including temperatures ranging from 40 °C to 70 °C, treatment durations between 500 and 2000 s, and the influence of prior activation using a commercial Ti-phosphate activator. The experimental approaches included both galvanostatic and potentiostatic treatments, with sample characterisation performed via techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and X-Ray diffraction (XRD) to analyse coating morphology, chemical composition, and crystalline phase. Additionally, corrosion current density measurements were carried out to assess the electrochemical resistance of the coatings. The main conclusions are that higher temperatures (70 °C), though complete coverage is not achieved, enhance coating efficiency, that is lower corrosion rates were recorded. Hopeite predominates at lower temperatures, while scholzite is more common at higher temperatures. Treatment times above 1500 s at 70 °C do not lead to significant improvements, whereas treatment times over 2000 s at 50 °C would be suitable to produce efficient coatings. Prior activation speeds up coating formation but does not notably improve efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":305,"journal":{"name":"Electrochimica Acta","volume":"525 ","pages":"Article 146093"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143734429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic insights into electric fish-inspired power sources: A combined modeling and experimental approach","authors":"Haley M. Tholen ,&nbsp;Rachel F. Taylor ,&nbsp;Derek M. Hall ,&nbsp;Joseph S. Najem","doi":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146043","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146043","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soft-material power sources inspired by strongly electric fish have attracted significant attention for their ability to generate electric potential with sufficient power density, making them suitable for safe integration with biological systems and flexible electronics. Although various experimental studies have demonstrated the feasibility of this bioinspired power generation mechanism, key challenges, such as resistance to self-discharge and electrode interactions, remain underexplored. Addressing these challenges requires a deeper understanding of the functional roles of each system component and the underlying physics of their interactions. To investigate these limitations at a component level, we use a finite element model based on the Nernst–Planck and Butler–Volmer equations, which govern ion transport and electrode interactions in electrochemical cells. By visualizing ion movement and parameter influence on electrical performance, we provide insight into phenomena often challenging to quantify directly through experiments. Our findings reveal that increasing the fixed charge concentration in the selective layers increases discharge duration by nearly six-fold. We also identified key sources of inefficiencies related to ionic mobility and charge capacity at the electrode–electrolyte interface. Through experimental validation, we derive key input parameters from hydrogel-based electrochemical cells and formalize experimental protocols to improve data reliability, including equilibrating hydrogel layers at constant relative humidity. Additionally, we characterize the performance of electric fish-inspired power sources with battery-relevant metrics such as power density, discharge duration, and cycle life. Our approach provides a systematic framework for prototyping and improving electric fish-inspired power sources, informing critical design decisions, and advancing next-generation energy storage solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":305,"journal":{"name":"Electrochimica Acta","volume":"525 ","pages":"Article 146043"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143713439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding degradation mechanisms in spray-coated alternating silicon-carbon thin films as anodes for lithium-ion batteries","authors":"Tilo Held ,&nbsp;Wiebke Hagemeier ,&nbsp;Daniel Leykam ,&nbsp;Christina Roth","doi":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146123","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Silicon's high specific capacity makes it one of the most promising new materials for anode applications. However, its performance is limited by its cycling stability. Approaches to remedy the various degradation mechanisms (pulverization, delamination and excessive solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation) include the use of silicon-carbon (Si/C) composites or the manufacturing of thin layers. In this study, two approaches were combined by producing alternating silicon and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) layers using a spray-coating process. This allowed us to draw important conclusions regarding the relationship between the silicon layer thickness and the total silicon content of the electrode and the resulting degradation behavior. Moreover, this study examined the suitability of prelithiated polyacrylic acid (LiPAA) as binder for spray-coating and its electrochemical performance. Using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and optical microscopy cross-sections, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT) and galvanostatic cycling, it could be demonstrated that the silicon layer thickness is a limiting factor for a stable cycling performance and can therefore result in an inhomogeneous charge distribution within the electrode. Understanding the correlation between the layer morphology and degradation behavior is essential to allow for the realization of composite electrodes with a high capacity retention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":305,"journal":{"name":"Electrochimica Acta","volume":"525 ","pages":"Article 146123"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143723826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relaxation dynamics of hydrogen bonds in hydrophobic deep eutectic electrolytes","authors":"Ahmed Halilu ,&nbsp;Mohamed Kamel Hadj-Kali ,&nbsp;Luqman Hakim Mohd Azmi ,&nbsp;Irfan Wazeer ,&nbsp;Mohd Ali Hashim","doi":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146111","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146111","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrophobic deep eutectic electrolytes (HDEEs), a subset of deep eutectic solvents, are formed by mixing hydrogen bond donors (HBDs) and acceptors (HBAs) with long alkyl chains. Their low C–H polarization minimizes water interaction, promoting entropy-driven aggregation. However, the dynamic hydrogen-bonding behavior (HBDy), characterized by continuous bond breaking and reformation across timescales, remains largely unexplored. Here, we report the unique shear-thickening (dilatant) behavior of HDEEs, with viscosity increasing from 1.5 to 9.3 ± 0.01 cP as shear stress rises from 0.2 to 4.91 dyn/cm². To elucidate the relaxation dynamics, distribution of relaxation time (DRT) analysis, employing Tikhonov regularization and cross-validation techniques, was performed. This deconvolution analysis identified two distinct relaxation times: 1.137 × 10⁻⁵ s, corresponding to interfacial charge transfer, and 3.43 × 10⁻⁵ s, associated with hydrogen bond breaking and reformation dynamics. The DRT peak frequencies for charge transfer and HBDy processes, measured using a NiFeSi electrode, were identified at 14 kHz and 4.64 kHz, with corresponding polarization impedances of 423 Ω and 402 Ω, respectively. These findings establish DRT-assisted analysis as a powerful tool for probing bulk and interfacial relaxation times in HDEEs, offering key insights for optimizing large-scale production and understanding its ionic properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":305,"journal":{"name":"Electrochimica Acta","volume":"525 ","pages":"Article 146111"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143713437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generalized modified Poisson–Nernst–Planck model for electrical double layer with steric, correlation and thermal effects applied to fuel cells","authors":"A.L. De Bortoli ,&nbsp;E. Negro ,&nbsp;V. Di Noto","doi":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146070","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146070","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, the electrical double layer (EDL) formed at the electrode/electrolyte interfaces in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is modeled using a Generalized Modified Poisson–Nernst–Planck model. The model includes a limited number of parameters, such as the Debye length, the correlation factor, the size of the ions and the temperature. The latter is particularly relevant, as it affects the Debye length and consequently the thickness of the EDL. The set of equations is written in dimensionless form, is discretized by the finite difference method and integration is performed by the three-stage Simplified Runge–Kutta method. The results obtained for the EDL exhibit a similar behavior as the Gouy–Chapman analytical solution for flat surfaces and an asymptotic solution in spherical coordinates when the radius of the sphere is much greater than the Debye length. The analysis of the EDL contributes to improve the understanding of the behavior of the reactive flows that occurs within a PEMFC and which have a crucial effect on the latter’s performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":305,"journal":{"name":"Electrochimica Acta","volume":"525 ","pages":"Article 146070"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143713438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancement of LiVPO4F cathode materials via manganese doping: Boosting energy density and rate capability for high-voltage lithium-ion batteries","authors":"Ismail Assengar ,&nbsp;Sylvio Indris ,&nbsp;Arseniy Bokov ,&nbsp;Liuda Mereacre ,&nbsp;Mohammed Mansori ,&nbsp;Ismael Saadoune","doi":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-voltage fluorophosphate cathode materials have emerged as promising candidates for next-generation lithium-ion batteries, offering enhanced safety, energy density, and stability compared to conventional oxide-based materials. In this study we investigate the effects of manganese doping on the structural and electrochemical properties of LiVPO₄F cathode material synthesized via an optimized and simple sol-gel method. A series of LiV_1–2y/3Mn_yPO₄F/C (<em>y</em> = 0, 0.03, 0.09, 0.15) compositions was successfully prepared and characterized to highlight the impact of Mn substitution on structural stability and electrochemical performance. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the preservation of the initial crystal structure of the undoped material for manganese content up to <em>y</em> = 0.09, while higher concentration (<em>y</em> = 0.15) leads to the appearance of secondary phases. The successful incorporation of Mn was confirmed by systematic shifts in diffraction peaks and changes in the unit cell parameters. Electrochemical characterization revealed that the optimized composition (<em>y</em> = 0.09) delivered a remarkable discharge capacity of 150 mAh/g at C/5, approaching the theoretical capacity of 153 mAh/g, with 98 % capacity retention after 100 cycles. Notably, all compositions demonstrated excellent thermal stability at 50 °C. Once again, the composition corresponding to <em>y</em> = 0.09 shows the best performance as it maintains a discharge capacity of 149 mAh/g with minimal capacity fade (≈0.7 %) after 50 cycles. Rate capability tests showed enhanced performance for Mn-doped samples, particularly at higher C-rates, attributed to improved charge transfer kinetics and structural stability. The enhanced performance is attributed to the synergistic effects of successful Mn incorporation and the uniform carbon coating derived from the in-situ carbonization of citric acid. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of our synthetic approach in developing high-performance cathode materials for advanced lithium-ion batteries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":305,"journal":{"name":"Electrochimica Acta","volume":"525 ","pages":"Article 146098"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143702974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}