Electrochimica Acta最新文献

{"title":"High Performance Li||NMC622 Battery Enabled by Multi-Functional Electrolyte Additive Chemistry","authors":"Girum Girma Bizuneh ,&nbsp;Amir Mahmoud Makin Adam ,&nbsp;Chunlei Zhu ,&nbsp;Junda Huang ,&nbsp;Huaping Wang ,&nbsp;Zhongsheng Wang ,&nbsp;Daxiong Wu ,&nbsp;Lei Guo ,&nbsp;Maryam Chafiq ,&nbsp;Young Gun Ko","doi":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146612","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146612","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nickel-rich cathode LiNi_0.6Mn_0.2Co_0.2O₂ (NMC622) is considered a viable cathode candidate for lithium metal batteries because of its high specific capacity and inexpensive cost. However, it is susceptible to rapid capacity fading because of the poor interface stability. In this study, we presented a tri-functional electrolyte additive strategy for stabilizing electrode/electrolyte interfaces through forming robust LiF-rich cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) on NMC622 cathode and solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on Li anode as well as scavenging HF to prevent electrodes from corrosion with 4-(trifluoromethyl) benzoic anhydride (FMBA) as the additive. Li||NMC622 with such additive could stably operate up to 300 cycles with a retention of 78 % (140 mA h g^-1) at 0.75 C. Moreover, symmetric Li||Li cell with FMBA could sustain &gt;950 h plating/stripping with narrow overpotential at 0.5 mA cm^-2.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":305,"journal":{"name":"Electrochimica Acta","volume":"535 ","pages":"Article 146612"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144228794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single ion conducting polymer as a dual-functional membrane for lithium electrode protection","authors":"Qiyun Pan ,&nbsp;Danli Qian ,&nbsp;Shan Jiang ,&nbsp;Lijing Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhong Li ,&nbsp;Yazhou Chen ,&nbsp;Dabei Wu ,&nbsp;Yi Cao ,&nbsp;Jun-Ming Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146663","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146663","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Artificial solid electrolyte interlayer (SEI) with high lithium transference number and enhanced mechanical performance is believed to be highly preferred for high-performance Li metal batteries with required cyclic stability and dendrite suppression. Here we report our finding of a “rigid-flexible” single-ion conducting (SIC) artificial SEI, LPEB, via the “structural self-assembly” strategy, and then present a demonstration of the high performance of such a Li/LPEB membrane anode stacked with Li foil and LPEB. In particular, the homogeneously dispersed charge-delocalized -N(SO₂)₂ anion group makes a rapid Li-ion transport pathway accessible, while the polymer-based microstructure allows sufficiently good mechanical properties of this membrane against Li-dendrite invasion. Subsequently, a largely improved Li-ion battery cell consisting of this modified Li/LPEB anode, LiFePO₄ (LFP) active cathode, and commercial 1 M LiPF₆ electrolyte is assembled. It is shown that this improved cell, called the Li||LFP cell, exhibits the excellent rate capability over a wide C-rate window from 1C to 8C. Very importantly, this Li||LFP cell displays remarkably stable cycling performance at such 8C high rate without formation of visible Li-dendrites. The consequently fabricated symmetrical Li/LPEB|Li/LPEB cell is demonstrated to operate stably at current densities of 1 mA cm^-2 and 2.5 mA cm^-2 respectively for more than 2500 h with absence of Li-dendrites growth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":305,"journal":{"name":"Electrochimica Acta","volume":"535 ","pages":"Article 146663"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144229204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemical oxidation of non-aromatic sterols possessing double bond(s) in the steroid core on carbon-based electrodes","authors":"Kristýna Jelšíková,&nbsp;Eva Bláhová,&nbsp;Michal Zelenský,&nbsp;Jana Kubešová,&nbsp;Jiří Zima,&nbsp;Karolina Schwarzová-Pecková","doi":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146666","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146666","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sterols are essential components of eukaryotic cell membranes. They possess a hydroxyl group at C(3) and an unsaturated steroid skeleton. Their detection in biological and physiological matrices is rather challenging, relying on MS techniques or enzymatic assays. This study focused on exploring the electrochemical behavior of sterols in dependence on positioning and number of double bonds within the steroid core using cyclic voltammetry. The experiments were performed in the media of perchlorate salt or perchloric acid in acetonitrile using glassy carbon and boron doped diamond electrode. Sterols featuring Δ⁵ double bond (cholesterol, stigmasterol, <em>β</em>-sitosterol) and Δ⁷ lathosterol provide primary oxidation signals around +1.5 V to +1.7 V (<em>vs.</em> Ag/AgNO₃ in acetonitrile). The oxidation potential of Δ⁸ lanosterol (<em>ca</em> +1.1 V) and Δ^5,7 sterols (ergosterol, 7-dehydrocholesterol, around +0.8 V to +1.0 V) is shifted to less positive potential values. Notably, in the presence of perchloric acid, the oxidation signals of Δ^5,7 sterols exhibit time instability. It can be attributed to structural changes induced by dehydration, similar to cholesterol dehydration in the Liebermann-Burchard reaction. The lowest detection limits were obtained by differential pulse voltammetry in 0.1 mol L⁻¹ HClO₄ in acetonitrile and are in the range from 0.4 to 0.6 µmol L⁻¹ for Δ^5,7 and Δ⁸ sterols on BDD electrode and from 1.1 to 6.1 µmol L⁻¹ for Δ⁵ and Δ⁷ sterols on GC electrode. This electrode has limited use for the detection of Δ⁵ sterols with a highly positive oxidation potential, in the 0.1 mol L⁻¹ NaClO₄ in acetonitrile media. This study extends the knowledge on sterol redox processes and shows the potential of simple electrochemical methods for sterol detection using unmodified electrode materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":305,"journal":{"name":"Electrochimica Acta","volume":"536 ","pages":"Article 146666"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144228797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One-step electrodeposition of CoMn-LDH with core-shell configuration for enhancing charge storage capabilities of on-chip microsupercapacitor","authors":"Songbiao Tian, Yinqiong Wang, Wenbing Gao, Junting Sun, Jian Zhang, Xuefeng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146660","url":null,"abstract":"Enhancing capacitance of electrode materials in microsupercapacitors is crucial for their application in microdevices. However, the small size of electrodes poses a significant challenge in regulating interfacial structure of electrode material. In this study, we propose a novel approach that leverages the difference in solubility products (K_sp) of cations to construct gradient composition for regulating electrical structure of MnCo-Layered double hydroxides (CoMn-LDH). It was evidenced that the K_sp of the metal hydroxides decreased with deposition temperature, resulting in the composition evolution of CoMn-LDH from uniformly distributed Co, Mn nanoflakes to core-shell-like distribution with a Co-rich core and Mn-rich shell as the temperature decreased from 25 °C to 0 °C. The locally concentrated composition of CoMn-LDH regulates the electronic state density of Co, Mn, and O, forming a electron-deficient region around the low-valence Co. This facilitates the adsorption of charges on active sites and enhances the conductivity of CoMn-LDH. Additionally, the low deposition temperature also reduces the nucleation and growth rate of nanoflakes. As the deposition temperature decrease, the size and thickness of CoMn-LDH decrease gradually, which shortens the charge diffusion route during charge-discharge process. In this respect, the CoMn-LDH deposited at 5°C exhibits superior specific capacitance, with an area capacitance of 192.7 mF cm⁻² at the current density of 1 mA cm⁻², as well as good rate performance. Moreover, due to the promoted charge storage kinetics, the diffusion-contributed capacitance retained 77.7 % at scan rate of 20 mV s^-1 compared to that obtained at the scan rate of 5 mV s^-1. Herein, this work presents an efficient route for regulating charge adsroption capabilities of metal hydroxides.","PeriodicalId":305,"journal":{"name":"Electrochimica Acta","volume":"171 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144228857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrode morphology and structural engineering accelerates bubble detachment dynamics in NiFe porous electrodes for alkaline water electrolysis","authors":"Liming Jin,&nbsp;Zijun Cheng,&nbsp;Lingao Deng,&nbsp;Tong Sun,&nbsp;Zijian Gao,&nbsp;Luyu Yang,&nbsp;Feifei Li,&nbsp;Guangzheng He,&nbsp;Zhen Geng,&nbsp;Cunman Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146670","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146670","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The optimization of electrode structure and bubble dynamics is critical for enhancing the efficiency of alkaline water electrolysis, particularly for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). While previous studies have focused on improving electrode kinetics through structural modifications, the coupled effects of bubble evolution and electrode design under high-current-density conditions remain insufficiently explored. This study investigates how electrode porosity, surface roughness, and material composition influence bubble behavior and OER performance. By systematically tuning the concentrations of Ni²⁺ and Fe²⁺ during electrodeposition, a series of porous NiFe electrodes with tailored pore structures and surface properties are synthesized. Advanced characterization techniques, including contact angle measurements, in-situ bubble photography at high current density, and electrochemical testing, are employed to analyze the interplay between bubble dynamics and electrode kinetics. The findings reveal that the balance between electrode roughness and pore size critically influences bubble behavior: larger pores promote faster bubble detachment and reduce overpotential due to increased roughness, while smaller pores lead to bubble clogging and impaired performance. Additionally, the study demonstrates that at low current densities, thermodynamic properties-such as high surface area-predominantly determine electrode performance. However, at high current densities, bubble dynamics become the primary determinant of overall performance, highlighting the importance of optimizing electrode structures to mitigate bubble-related losses. This work provides critical insights into the fundamental factors governing bubble dynamics and their impact on electrode performance, offering valuable guidance for the design of industrial-scale alkaline water electrolysis systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":305,"journal":{"name":"Electrochimica Acta","volume":"535 ","pages":"Article 146670"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144237569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"End-capped polycarbonate-based composite electrolytes filled with Al2O3 for Li battery application","authors":"Pa Do Kim ,&nbsp;Narumi Tsukada ,&nbsp;Kento Kimura ,&nbsp;Yoichi Tominaga","doi":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146613","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146613","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polymer electrolytes are highlighted as alternatives to liquid electrolytes to address safety problems. However, they exhibit limitations in electrochemical performance. In this research, the enhancement of electrochemical properties for composite polymer electrolytes has been investigated through the addition of nano-sized Al₂O₃ and the chemical modification of poly(ethylene carbonate) (PEC) by substituting its terminal hydroxyl group with acetate group, producing PEC-Ac. The introduction of the acetate end group significantly increased the thermal decomposition temperature of the electrolytes, while the addition of Al₂O₃ reduced the glass transition temperature and increased ionic conductivity due to an expanded free volume and enhanced Lewis acid-base interactions. Battery tests demonstrated that PEC-Ac with 80 mol % of LiFSI and 10 wt % of Al₂O₃ maintained a coulombic efficiency near 100 % and exhibited stable polarization voltages around 0.1 V. The discharge capacity was consistently around 150 mAh g⁻¹, approaching the theoretical capacity of 170 mAh g⁻¹. The XPS analysis after charge/discharge cycling confirmed the formation of a stable Li_xAlO_y composite layer, which effectively prevents Li dendrite formation and enhances the overall cycle stability of the battery. This study confirms the significant improvements in the battery performance and cyclability brought about by the strategic modifications of PEC-Ac and the addition of inorganic Al₂O₃, offering valuable insights for the development of advanced battery technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":305,"journal":{"name":"Electrochimica Acta","volume":"535 ","pages":"Article 146613"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144228796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Super-reversible CuCl cathode enabled by Cu2+-coordinated alginate and carbon composite film for chloride ion battery","authors":"Tingting Yu ,&nbsp;Zhenyu Wei ,&nbsp;Weihai Li ,&nbsp;Junjie Liu ,&nbsp;Yingchun Miao ,&nbsp;Xin Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146659","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146659","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Research on clean energy materials represents a necessary response to the urgent global needs for sustainable development and environmental impact mitigation. Chloride-ion batteries (CIBs) with metal chlorides as cathodes have been widely noticed due to their high theoretical gravimetric energy density. However, the significant volume changes during charging and discharging, the poor electrical conductivity and the dissolution of metal chlorides limit the application of metal chloride electrodes. Herein, a Cu²⁺-coordinated sodium alginate (SA)/carbon (C) layer can be formed on the surface of cuprous chloride (CuCl) particles by treating the ball-milled composite of CuCl, SA, and carbon material with water first and then with ethanol. After water treatment, the trace quantity of basic cupric chloride (Cu₂(OH)₃Cl) that is formed on the surface of CuCl particles facilitates the in-situ cross-linking with SA. Benefiting from the cross-linking of Cu²⁺ with SA and the chemical and hydrogen bonding between SA and graphene oxide (GO), the CuCl/SA-H₂O/GO cathode delivers a maximum initial discharge capacity of 248 mAh g⁻¹ (92 % of the theoretical capacity) at 100 mA g⁻¹ and retained a reversible capacity of 58 mAh g⁻¹ after 50 cycles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":305,"journal":{"name":"Electrochimica Acta","volume":"535 ","pages":"Article 146659"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144228860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemical Detection of Hydrochlorothiazide in the Prescence of Amlodipine and Valsartan Using FeMOF/g-C3N5-Modified Carbon Paste Electrode","authors":"Ziaie Neda, Sayed Mehdi Ghoreishi","doi":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146665","url":null,"abstract":"A novel electrochemical sensor based on a carbon paste electrode (CPE) modified with nitrogen-doped graphitic carbon nitride and an iron-based metal-organic framework (FeMOF/g-C₃N₅) was developed for the sensitive detection of hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ). The synthesized FeMOF/g-C₃N₅ nanocomposite was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), which confirmed its successful synthesis and structural integrity. Electrochemical characterization through cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) demonstrated significantly enhanced electron transfer properties, reducing the charge transfer resistance from 8865 Ω (bare CPE) to 517 Ω and increasing the peak current from 9.59 μA cm⁻² to 61.17 μA cm⁻². Under optimized conditions (PBS 0.1 M, pH 7.0, scan rate of 0.1 V/s, 250 mV modulation amplitude, 25 mV step potential), the sensor showed a linear response to HCTZ over two ranges: 0.005–0.7 µM and 5.00–100.0 µM, with a detection limit of 1.30 nM and a sensitivity of 41.475 μA/μM. Chronoamperometric analysis indicated an irreversible diffusion-controlled process with a diffusion coefficient of 2.4 × 10⁻⁵ cm²/s. The sensor exhibited excellent selectivity, enabling the simultaneous determination of HCTZ, amlodipine, and valsartan, with well-separated signals. Recovery studies in pharmaceutical tablets, human plasma, and urine samples yielded values between 93.33% and 110%, confirming the accuracy of the method for complex matrices. The synergistic integration of FeMOF and g-C₃N₅ provides a high-performance sensing interface, offering a cost-effective and sensitive approach for the electrochemical detection of HCTZ in clinical and pharmaceutical applications.","PeriodicalId":305,"journal":{"name":"Electrochimica Acta","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144228859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Platinum copper oxide decorated niobium MXene graphene oxide nanocomposite for non-enzymatic glucose detection in saliva and urine","authors":"Chandhana J P ,&nbsp;Suneesh Punathil Vasu ,&nbsp;Aarathi Pradeep ,&nbsp;Satheesh Babum T․ G․","doi":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146640","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146640","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study aims to develop a highly sensitive and selective disposable non-enzymatic sensor for the non-invasive glucose detection from untreated saliva and urine samples. This was achieved using Nb₂CT_x MXene - graphene oxide - platinum - copper oxide nanocomposite modified screen printed carbon electrode. The MXene-GO composite was synthesised hydrothermally, and then copper oxide and platinum nanoparticles were chemically reduced and deposited on the composite. The XRD, EDAX, and XPS analyses confirmed the successful formation of the nanocomposite, and the SEM and TEM analyses revealed a cluster-like morphology of the platinum copper oxide on the niobium MXene-graphene oxide sheet. The Nb₂CT_x MXene-GO/Pt-CuO mixed with Nafion was drop-cast onto the working area of the screen-printed electrode. Two linear ranges, 0.01 to 1 mM and 1 to 15 mM, were observed with a sensitivity of 725.48±0.45 µA mM^-1 cm^-2 and 489.17±0.31 µA mM^-1 cm^-2, respectively. Excellent selectivity to glucose was observed in the presence of common biomolecules such as sugars, electrolytes, metabolites, amino acids, and proteins, evidenced by less than 5% current response compared to glucose. Reproducibility was confirmed with a relative standard deviation of 2.29% across 10 electrodes, and an excellent shelf life with a relative standard deviation of 2.14% over a month. The glucose concentrations measured using the developed sensor with untreated saliva and urine samples showed good agreement with clinical laboratory results, with a relative error of less than 3%. Overall, the sensor offers significant performance improvement compared to existing MXene-based nonenzymatic glucose sensors for non-invasive point-of-care testing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":305,"journal":{"name":"Electrochimica Acta","volume":"535 ","pages":"Article 146640"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144228798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High performance of supercapacitors containing an ionic liquid electrolyte by means of electrochemical and computational studies","authors":"Raissa Venâncio ,&nbsp;Débora A.C. da Silva ,&nbsp;Ludmila O. Borges ,&nbsp;Isabel A. Silva ,&nbsp;Leonardo Morais Da Silva ,&nbsp;Gustavo Doubek ,&nbsp;Leonardo J.A. Siqueira ,&nbsp;Hudson Zanin","doi":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146569","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.electacta.2025.146569","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study characterizes the electrochemical behavior of symmetric coin cells with AC-based electrodes filled with the ammonium-based ionic liquid, a promising supercapacitor electrolyte due to its large voltage window and ambient temperature operation. We employed cyclic voltammetry, single-step chronoamperometry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and galvanostatic charge-discharge techniques to evaluate the electrochemical performance of the supercapacitors thoroughly. Our findings highlight the quasi-rectangular current-voltage profile up to 3.6 V, beyond which a faradaic current due to electrolyte degradation becomes significant. These results revealed a minor faradaic component, with impedance analysis showing typical behavior of well-formed electrical double layers (EDLs), influenced by the unique properties of ionic liquids. We observed that the ion dynamics and capacitance behavior align well with theoretical models, particularly the Goodwin-Kornishev mean-field theory. The study underscores the potential of ionic liquid-based supercapacitors to achieve high performance, with specific capacitance values reaching ∼2000 F g^-1 and great energy and power output, comparable to lithium-ion batteries. Molecular dynamics simulations further elucidated the charging mechanisms, ion migration, and structural interactions within the EDLs. These comprehensive insights validate the suitability of butyltrimethylammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide [N₁₁₁₄][NTf₂] for advanced supercapacitor applications, highlighting its ability to deliver exceptional electrochemical performance under optimized conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":305,"journal":{"name":"Electrochimica Acta","volume":"535 ","pages":"Article 146569"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144228863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}