Földrajzi Közlemények最新文献

{"title":"Adatok a kétegyházi két török-halom tájtörténetéhez","authors":"","doi":"10.32643/fk.143.4.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32643/fk.143.4.5","url":null,"abstract":"Only a few ancient architectural monuments remain standing in the central region of the Hungarian Great Plain. However, the kurgans’ unique 5000-year-old treasures still exist in this area, with many landscape archaeological, archaeological topography, and landscape ecological survey prospects. Mounds can be found on the banks of no-longer exisiting rivers and at\u0000some points of higher altitude areas. The oral tradition of the Great Hungarian Plain marked the man-made, artificial, conical rises in the landscape that are associated with ancient, archaeological periods as mounds. According to their origin, kurgans can be classified as burial sites and sacred points of nomad people in prehistory. The two „Török-halom” kurgans are the biggest burial mounds of the kurgan field near Kétegyháza (Békés County, Hungary) in the Körös-Maros National Park (Kígyósi-puszta). Built by people of the Yamnaya Entity in the Late Copper Age (3000–2700 BC), the northern kurgan and its surface is intact without drastic disturbance, and in the vicinity there are natural sites, especially saline grasslands. Our research team worked on landscape archaeological, landscape historical, and GIS informatical investigations. We made a 3D field model of the kurgan, and created the landscape history and local changes of the last 300 years based on boundary charters, handmade and printed maps, archive, air and orto photos. Due to the botanical survey we made a complete list of the vascular plant species found on the surface of the original northern kurgan. The flora of the earth monument is species-rich. Most species have a generalist loess grassland or ruderal character, though there also occur some valuable species of botanical and nature conservation importance (e.g. Ranunculus illyricus, Rosa rubiginosa, Ononis spinosiformis subsp. semihircina, Stachys germanica, Carthamus lanatus). The southern Török-halom kurgan was mined by the local agricultural cooperative in 1967. Before the full mining of the site an archaeological excavation was carried out on the kurgan, during which the central burial site and three other burials were documented. After the mining only a little part of the bottom remained on the north-west side, which conserved original loess vegetation. In a large-scale project the southern kurgan was rebuilt by the Körös-Maros National Park Directorate in 2011, and its surface has reconstructed loess vegetation. Since no settlements of the nomadic Late Copper Age/Early Bronze Age Yamnaya communities have been discovered yet in the Carpathian Basin, the only way to collect more information on these people is through the analysis of their special graves, the burial mounds.","PeriodicalId":305418,"journal":{"name":"Földrajzi Közlemények","volume":"33 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114023998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Az antropogén hatások mértékének térbeli különbségei és változásai hazai tájakon felszínborítási és talajdiagnosztikai adatok alapján","authors":"","doi":"10.32643/fk.143.4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32643/fk.143.4.1","url":null,"abstract":"Since the beginning of landscape research there has been an intent to express and compare the grade of anthropogenic transformation, or even the naturalness of landscapes, by applying objective landscape analytical methods. The most preferred indicator for this kind of landscape study is the state of vegetation or ecosystems. In our study land cover classes and their influences on soil properties were applied to characterize the grade of anthropogenic transformation and their temporal changes in Hungarian micro- and mesoregions. Based on our results, we could point to the spatial extent and differences among micro- and mesoregions, how far they are affected by ongoing abandonment and the extensification of land use and soils, as well as the localization of well-known and widely studied soil- and landscape degradation processes as a consequence of urban and industrial sprawl and intensive agriculture.","PeriodicalId":305418,"journal":{"name":"Földrajzi Közlemények","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120978790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A „nemzeti park” koncepció tér- és időbeli változásai","authors":"","doi":"10.32643/fk.143.4.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32643/fk.143.4.2","url":null,"abstract":"Our study presents the changes in the concept of the national park in space and time to Hungarian readers. It does this not only because the role of national parks in recreational activities in Hungary has been evaluated in recent decades, but also because of the change in the way we think about the environment around us and the frameworks created to protect nature. In our article, we present the appearance and practical implementation of the idea of the national park\u0000in the United States and then follow the expansion and internationalisation of the Yellowstone model in the world. We reveal the different social phenomena and responses behind this concept, and the changes that can be interpreted as the effects of the changes through modernisation. Our study serves as an introduction to our research, which discusses the situation of domestic national parks in an international context.","PeriodicalId":305418,"journal":{"name":"Földrajzi Közlemények","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133754943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aki kimarad(t), lemarad(t)? – A település sikeressége és a városi cím","authors":"A. Település, ÉS Sikeressége, A. V. Cím, Karsai Viola","doi":"10.32643/fk.143.4.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32643/fk.143.4.4","url":null,"abstract":"There are 346 settlements legally classified as towns and cities in Hungary, representing more than 10 percent of the pool, while the rate of urban population exceeds 71 percent, a value which follows a western rather than an eastern pattern. More than a half of the urban settlements have gained their rank since the political transition in 1989. According to both the Act on Municipalities (1990) and the New Municipality Law (2011), the fundamental rights of settlements (municipalities) are equal, regardless of their legal status; none of them are preferred in terms of source allocation. However, historically and during the recent past it has always been and presently it is prestigious to possess or gain the town rank. Therefore, to achieve this desired rank remains an important goal on the developmental horizon of several villages. This attitude has become more and more important during the centralisation of spatial planning and public administration in the years since 2000 and 2010, which forced some settlements to become more proactive in that manner. Some other municipalities have not even dealt with the idea of competing for the town rank; however, their general development level, social composition or built-up environment is unquestionably urban. In the course of the past 15 years, domestic and increasingly EU-based development funds have proven to be the most crucial source of development for Hungarian municipalities. The present study investigates whether there is any correlation between the success in gaining development funds and the legal status of settlements. The total sum, the structural composition, and the per capita value of development funds awarded are analysed in two (legally) different groups of settlements. The main sample is represented by the 182 newest Hungarian towns that gained the town ranking between 1989 and 2013, which was contrasted with the values of villages that are found to be urban based on either different statistical figures or results of previous research.","PeriodicalId":305418,"journal":{"name":"Földrajzi Közlemények","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133421698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magyarországi gazdasági központok és mobilitási hajlandóság a telephelyi tényezők tükrében","authors":"","doi":"10.32643/fk.143.4.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32643/fk.143.4.3","url":null,"abstract":"We developed a layered questionnaire survey in 2004-2005 and received replies from one thousand entrepreneurs and business leaders to our questions relating to the successfulness of Hungarian towns and cities. In the light of the results, we repeated our survey in 2016-2017, thereby allowing a comprehensive evaluation of a period of ten years. In the second phase of data recording we used the method of a layered questionnaire survey again (the three aspects considered were as follows: a breakdown of the Hungarian businesses by regions, company size, and sectors), in which one thousand entrepreneurs and business managers again responded to our questions. What aspects do Hungarian businesses prefer when choosing their business location? Which Hungarian cities are considered competitive by company leaders and why? Which are the cities that the stakeholders see as real economic centres? What willingness of mobility within Hungary and abroad is typical for the Hungarian businesses?","PeriodicalId":305418,"journal":{"name":"Földrajzi Közlemények","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125491110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A földrajztudomány intézményesülése és szellemiségének fejlődése az Osztrák–Magyar Monarchiában","authors":"Bálint Hilbert, B. Tanszék","doi":"10.32643/fk.143.3.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32643/fk.143.3.3","url":null,"abstract":"The foundation and institutionalisation of Austrian and Hungarian geography not only occurred in the same historical period but also within the confines of the same territorial unit, the Habsburg Empire, and then the Austro-Hungarian Dual Monarchy. Just as in the case of the population and the enterprises, science had no internal borders within the Monarchy either; still, the vast majority of scholars treat the two parts of the Empire separately. In this paper, my view of the Austro-Hungarian Dual Monarchy as a unified legal entity is applied for the development of the discipline of geography. In addition to the process of institutionalisation in the Empire’s two parts (in the form of the establishment of university geography departments and geographical societies), I also provide an overview of the scientific work done by the heads of geography departments of the universities of Vienna and Budapest, the two main centres of national scientific life. By doing so, not only the Dualism-era development of Austrian and Hungarian geography can be compared and their connections can be identified but the Monarchy’s geographical discipline can also be placed in an international context.","PeriodicalId":305418,"journal":{"name":"Földrajzi Közlemények","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133223967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A balatoni nádasok pusztulása és regenerációja a mederdinamika függvényében","authors":"Tamás Gyenese, Budapest HungaroControl Magyar Légiforgalmi Szolgálat Zártk Részvénytársaság, András Zlinszky, Gáspár Albert, Tihany Ökológiai Kutatóközpont, B. Tanszék","doi":"10.32643/fk.143.3.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32643/fk.143.3.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":305418,"journal":{"name":"Földrajzi Közlemények","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124088194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Az MTA Földtudományok Osztályába tartozó tudományos bizottságok publikációs karakterisztikájának összehasonlító elemzése","authors":"György Csomós, Debrecen De Mk Építőmérnöki Tanszék","doi":"10.32643/fk.143.3.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32643/fk.143.3.6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":305418,"journal":{"name":"Földrajzi Közlemények","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116132472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dombsági mezőgazdasági termőterületek újraértékelése domborzati tényezők felhasználásával","authors":"Lajos Gál-Szabó, Miskolc Me Mfk Földrajz-Geoinfomatika Intézet, Endre Dobos, Péter Pecsmány, Bálint Pinezits","doi":"10.32643/fk.143.3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32643/fk.143.3.2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":305418,"journal":{"name":"Földrajzi Közlemények","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126262656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A vidék újrastrukturálódása és a prekariátus fogalma a majorok kutatásának szemszögéből","authors":"György Mikle, B. Tanszék","doi":"10.32643/fk.143.3.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32643/fk.143.3.4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":305418,"journal":{"name":"Földrajzi Közlemények","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115543002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}