Research and Science Today最新文献

{"title":"TEACHING ENGLISH IN THE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE CONTEXT","authors":"Elena Paliță","doi":"10.38173/rst.2023.26.2.5:57-62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38173/rst.2023.26.2.5:57-62","url":null,"abstract":": THIS PAPER EXPLORES THE TRANSFORMATIONS IN THE FIELD OF TEACHING ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE, AS A RESULT OF THE CURRENT SUBSTANTIAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE. THE DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGY IS THE STARTER OF A NEW, MODERN SOCIETY, COMPOSED OF DIGITAL NATIVES FOR WHOM ANY LEARNING PROCESS LIES ON THE BASIS OF A DIGITAL LEARNING TOOL. THIS STUDY AIMS TO ANSWER SOME INTRIGUING QUESTIONS REGARDING THE PRESENT, BUT FOREMOST THE FUTURE OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES TEACHING IN THIS SOCIAL CONTEXT.","PeriodicalId":30384,"journal":{"name":"Research and Science Today","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139319201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE WAR IN UKRAINE AND THE ‘ANTI-HEGEMON’ MEDIA NETWORKS BROADCASTING IN SPANISH","authors":"Elena Cătălina Ștefănescu","doi":"10.38173/rst.2023.26.2.1:9-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38173/rst.2023.26.2.1:9-23","url":null,"abstract":": THIS PAPER EXPLORES HOW REVISIONIST AUTOCRATIC GOVERNMENTS USE GLOBAL BROADCASTING NEWS CHANNELS TO COUNTER THE SO-CALLED WESTERN HEGEMONY NARRATIVE. IT FOCUSES ON HOW AND WHY THE SPANISH-SPEAKING WORLD WAS TARGETED BY INTERNATIONAL BROADCASTERS FOUNDED BY AUTOCRATIC AND REVISIONIST GOVERNMENTS AND HOW THE WAR WAGED BY THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AGAINST UKRAINE IS PRESENTED IN THREE SO-CALLED ‘ANTI - HEGEMONY’ MEDIA NETWORKS: CHINA GLOBAL TELEVISION NETWORK EN ESPAÑOL (CGTN), TELESUR AND HISPAN TV. BY USING QUALITATIVE RESEARCH METHODS SUCH AS CONTENT ANALYSIS AND CHRONOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF NEWS COVERING THE RUSSIAN INVASION OF UKRAINE PRESENTED BY TELESUR, HISPAN TV AND CGTN IN SPANISH SINCE 24 FEBRUARY 2022, THIS PAPER ARGUES THAT ALL THREE MEDIA CHANNELS PROMOTE IN DIFFERENT SHADES A KREMLIN-BASED NARRATIVE. THE ARTICLE FURTHER DEBATES THE PROFOUND FOREIGN POLICY IMPLICATIONS OF THIS TACIT MEDIA ALLIANCE AND SUPPORTS THE CONCLUSION THAT THE CURRENT WAR WAGED BY RUSSIA IN UKRAINE IS USED IN DIFFERENT WAYS BY REVISIONIST AND ASSERTIVE GOVERNMENTS TO PROMOTE THEIR OWN REVISIONIST AGENDAS BOTH DOMESTICALLY AND ABROAD.","PeriodicalId":30384,"journal":{"name":"Research and Science Today","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139319046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE KEY ROLE OF CRIME SCENE FORENSICS IN SOLVING CASES","authors":"Vasile-Cătălin Golop","doi":"10.38173/rst.2023.26.2.4:49-56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38173/rst.2023.26.2.4:49-56","url":null,"abstract":": FORENSIC CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION IS A FUNDAMENTAL ELEMENT OF THE JUSTICE INVESTIGATION PROCESS. IT IS OFTEN THE FIRST STAGE AT WHICH EVIDENCE IS COLLECTED, DOCUMENTED AND ANALYSED, AND THE QUALITY OF THIS INVESTIGATION CAN HAVE A SIGNIFICANT IMPACT ON THE SUBSEQUENT SUCCESS OF SOLVING THE CASE. TO FULLY UNDERSTAND THE IMPORTANCE OF THIS EVIDENTIAL PROCESS, WE NEED TO FOCUS ON THE CONTEXT AND MOTIVATIONS BEHIND THE CRIME SCENE FORENSIC INVESTIGATION. TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACHES HAVE BROUGHT SIGNIFICANT IMPROVEMENTS TO THE FIELD, ALLOWING INVESTIGATORS TO OBTAIN MORE ACCURATE EVIDENCE AND SOLVE CASES MORE EFFICIENTLY. TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS HAVE BROUGHT WITH THEM THE EXPANDED USE OF ADVANCED IMAGING TECHNIQUES, DNA AND BIOMETRICS ANALYSIS, COMPUTER SIMULATIONS AND MORE, PROVIDING INVESTIGATIONS WITH A RICHER ARSENAL OF TOOLS. ONE OF THE MOST OBVIOUS PURPOSES OF CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION IS THE IDENTIFICATION AND APPREHENSION OF OFFENDERS. BY COLLECTING EVIDENCE, INCLUDING PHYSICAL TRACES, BIOLOGICAL EVIDENCE AND INTELLIGENCE, FORENSIC SCIENTISTS HELP ESTABLISH THE IDENTITY OF SUSPECTED CRIMINALS, WHICH FACILITATES THE PROSECUTION PROCESS. THE QUALITY OF EVIDENCE COLLECTED AND DOCUMENTED AT THE SCENE HAS A DIRECT IMPACT ON THE JUDICIAL PROCESS. WEAK OR INADEQUATE EVIDENCE CAN LEAD TO FAILURES IN COURT, WHILE STRONG AND WELL-MANAGED EVIDENCE CAN STRENGTHEN THE CASE FOR THE PROSECUTION OR DEFENCE. THIS UNDERLINES THE IMPORTANCE OF CRIME SCENE FORENSICS IN ENSURING A FAIR AND JUST TRIAL.","PeriodicalId":30384,"journal":{"name":"Research and Science Today","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139319077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"MARAN ATHA\" AND THE SOTERIOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCE OF THE ESHATON","authors":"Alexandru Lazăr","doi":"10.38173/rst.2023.26.2.9:83-92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38173/rst.2023.26.2.9:83-92","url":null,"abstract":": ESCHATOLOGY IS A THEOLOGICAL WORD THAT REFERS TO \"THE THINGS TO COME\" OR \"THE LAST.” OF COURSE, THOSE THAT WILL SUCCEED THEIR EARTHLY LIFE. IT DOES NOT MEAN THE FINALITY OF CREATION AND EXISTENCE, BUT ONLY THE SEGMENT OF EARTHLY LIFE, WHICH IS READY, BEGINNING NOW THE ETERNAL ONES. IT WILL BE AN ENDLESS STAGE. IT IS THE STAGE THAT CROWNS THE WHOLE HISTORY OF CREATION. NOTHING WILL FOLLOW ESCHATOLOGY AFTER ETERNITY. WHAT WILL FOLLOW LIFE ON EARTH CAN BE HAPPY OR UNHAPPY, DEPENDING ON HOW ONE HAD LIVED. HAPPINESS WILL BE UPON THOSE WHO HAVE LIVED IN CHRIST AND DESIRED TO FORM THE CLOSEST POSSIBLE COMMUNION WITH HIM, HAPPINESS BEING GIVEN BY THE CULMINATION OF COMMUNION. UNHAPPINESS WILL BE UPON THOSE WHO HAD NOT LIVED IN COMMUNION WITH GOD AND DID NOT DESIRE TO HAVE A RELATIONSHIP WITH LIFE IN CHRIST AND IN THE CHURCH, EVEN THOUGH THEY WERE BAPTIZED. THE REASON FOR CHRIST'S INCARNATION IS ETERNAL EXISTENCE. HE BECAME MAN TO DIE FOR OUR SINS AND TO GIVE US ETERNAL LIFE. SO, TRUE LIFE BEGINS THE MOMENT WE PASS INTO ETERNITY. ALL GOD'S ICONOMY IS FOCUSED ON ETERNAL LIFE. IF IT WERE NOT FOR THE FALL OF THE PROTOPARIANS, THEN ETERNAL LIFE WAS STILL AT CREATION. GOD BRINGS EVERYTHING INTO EXISTENCE SO THAT THEY CAN ENTER ETERNAL LIFE. WITHOUT THIS ENTRANCE INTO ETERNITY EARTHLY LIFE WOULD BE MEANINGLESS, EVEN IF WE LIVED IT WITH CHRIST. BUT BECAUSE IT DOES EXIST, COMMUNION WITH CHRIST IS THEREFORE ENRICHED. MEANING IS GIVEN BY ETERNITY WITH GOD, NOT JUST A CERTAIN TIME LIVED WITH GOD IN THIS LIFE, THIS WAS FULFILLED THROUGH CHRIST. THE PRESENT WORK, THEREFORE, CAPTURES THE TREATMENT OF THESE ISSUES FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF SEVERAL VISIONS, AUTHORS, WHO COMPLEMENT EACH OTHER IN IDEAS AND CLARIFICATIONS. CERTAINLY, THIS THEME IS NOT EXHAUSTIVELY DEBATED, AND PERHAPS THE HOLY FATHERS HAVE TREATED THIS THEME LESS THAN CONTEMPORARY THEOLOGICAL AUTHORS. SURELY, IN ANCIENT TIMES, MORE EMPHASIS WAS PLACED ON LIVING IN A WAY THAT WAS PLEASING TO GOD, SO THAT THE RESPONSE GIVEN BEFORE GOD WOULD BE TOWARDS ETERNAL LIFE. THE ROLE OF THE AUTHOR IN DEALING WITH THIS THEME WAS TO GIVE SUFFICIENT DETAILS ABOUT UNIVERSAL ESCHATOLOGY IN GENERAL, UNIVERSAL JUDGEMENT AND ETERNAL LIFE, SO THAT PEOPLE MIGHT ACQUIRE MORE FAITH THROUGH KNOWLEDGE, AND MIGHT BE STRENGTHENED TO WORK VIRTUE IN LIFE, AND FINALLY ACQUIRE ETERNAL LIFE","PeriodicalId":30384,"journal":{"name":"Research and Science Today","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139318846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A LECTURE PLAN FOR TEACHING BUSINESS PRESENTATIONS IN ENGLISH","authors":"O. Alexa","doi":"10.38173/rst.2023.26.2.11:109-118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38173/rst.2023.26.2.11:109-118","url":null,"abstract":": DELIVERING PRESENTATIONS IS AN INTEGRAL PART OF A BUSINESSPERSON’S ROUTINE, ALONGSIDE ATTENDING MEETINGS, TELEPHONING OR EMAILING. HOWEVER, PUBLIC SPEAKING IS A MAJOR SOURCE OF ANXIETY FOR MANY PEOPLE AND ADDING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE INTO THE MIX WILL CERTAINLY UNNERVE EVEN THE MOST CONFIDENT OF PRESENTERS. THUS, A BUSINESS ENGLISH COURSE WOULD NOT BE COMPLETE WITHOUT AT LEAST ONE LECTURE DED ICATED TO PRESENTATIONS, USUALLY WITH A DUAL PURPOSE: CONSOLIDATING STUDENTS’ GENERAL PUBLIC SPEAKING SKILLS AND ALSO EMPHASIZING THE SPECIFICITY OF BUSINESS PRESENTATIONS IN A FOREIGN LANGUAGE. THIS PAPER PROVIDES AN EXAMPLE OF WHAT A FIFTY-MINUTE LECTURE AT UNDERGRADUATE LEVEL WOULD COVER IN TERMS OF GENERAL ASPECTS AND ALSO SPECIFIC POINTS (SUCH AS CULTURAL DIFFERENCES, VOCABULARY, LEVEL OF FORMALITY) TO BE CONSIDERED WHEN PREPARING FOR A BUSINESS PRESENTATION.","PeriodicalId":30384,"journal":{"name":"Research and Science Today","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139318959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"VS NAIPAUL – A FREE SPIRIT","authors":"Adina Paicu","doi":"10.38173/rst.2023.26.2.14:143-152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38173/rst.2023.26.2.14:143-152","url":null,"abstract":": CONSIDERED ONE OF THE GREATEST ENGLISH PROSE STYLISTS OF THE SECOND HALF OF THE 20TH CENTURY, AND ARGUABLY OF ALL TIMES, V S NAIPAUL WAS A COLOSSUS WHO STRODE THE LITERARY REALM. HE WOVE A FICTIONAL LANDSCAPE AND WAS KNOWN TO SPIN MAGIC OUT OF WORDS, AND WAS EASILY IN THE LEAGUE OF LEGENDARY WRITERS LIKE CHARLES DICKENS, LEO TOLSTOY AND JOSEPH CONRAD. NAIPAUL WAS AWARDED THE NOBEL PRIZE IN 2001, WHERE HE HIGHLIGHTED ONLY HIS ADOPTED COUNTRY BRITAIN, AND THE LAND OF HIS ANCESTORS INDIA, BUT NEVER MENTIONED THE COUNTRY OF HIS BIRTH, TRINIDAD, PART OF THE CARIBBEAN ISLANDS. THE GENRE OF HIS WRITING WAS FICTION AND NON-FICTION, ESPECIALLY NARRATIVISED HISTORY THAT INCLUDES SOME HISTORICAL RESEARCH BASED ON HIS TRAVELS. ACCORDING TO NAIPAUL, A NON-JUDGMENTAL OBSERVATION OF THE WORLD WAS A HALLMARK OF HIS WRITING. NAIPAUL WAS KNOWN FOR HIS VISION OF WRITING AND BELIEVED THAT EVERYTHING ELSE HAS TO BE SUBSERVIENT TO THIS GOAL. IN WHAT CONCERNS THE QUESTIONS THIS PAPER INTENDS TO ANSWER HERE ARE SOME OF THEM:","PeriodicalId":30384,"journal":{"name":"Research and Science Today","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139319180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BUSINESS LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT AND ACQUISITION","authors":"Mariana Coanca","doi":"10.38173/rst.2023.26.2.6:63-69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38173/rst.2023.26.2.6:63-69","url":null,"abstract":": THE PAPER PROVIDES AN OVERVIEW OF THE BUSINESS LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT AND ACQUISITION. SIGNIFICANT ENGLISH TERMS OF BUSINESS ARE DEALT WITH IN THE PAPER. WE HAVE SELECTED THEM TAKING INTO CONSIDERATION THE CURRICULUM OF THE SCHOOL OF COMPUTER SCIENCE FOR BUSINESS MANAGEMENT, WHICH ENCOMPASSES BUSINESS SUBJECTS THAT EQUIP LEARNERS WITH HARD AND SOFT SKILLS DEMANDED BY EMPLOYERS NOWADAYS. EMPHASIS IS PLACED UPON THE LINGUISTIC INFLUENCES THAT NEED TO BE INCLUDED IN THE INSTRUCTION OF ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES (ESP), FOR INSTANCE FOREIGN TERMS THAT ARE USED IN CERTAIN BUSINESS AREAS AND UPON THE LEXICAL-SEMANTIC FIELDS WITHIN THE BUSINESS VOCABULARY. THESE LEXICAL-SEMANTIC FIELDS SHOW THE INTERACTION BETWEEN THE COMMON LANGUAGE OF BUSINESS AND THE SPECIALIZED LANGUAGE IN FUNCTIONAL AREAS OF BUSINESS. THEREFORE, THE ESP TEACHER SHOULD INCORPORATE THESE LEXICAL-FIELDS IN LESSONS BECAUSE THEY ARE EEFECTIVE TOOLS IN CREATING EXERCISES THAT ACCELERATE THE ACQUISITION OF SPECIALIZED TERMS.","PeriodicalId":30384,"journal":{"name":"Research and Science Today","volume":"509 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139318901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH TO DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS TYPE VI: A CASE STUDY","authors":"Marya Hameed, Muhammad Talal Ashraf, Muhammad Khuzzaim Khan, Fahad Hassan Sheikh, Fatima Siddiqui, M. Memon","doi":"10.38173/rst.2023.26.2.15:153-158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38173/rst.2023.26.2.15:153-158","url":null,"abstract":": MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS TYPE VI, ALSO KNOWN AS MAROTEAUX-LAMY SYNDROME IS A RARE GENETIC DISORDER THAT IMPAIRS THE BODY'S ABILITY TO BREAK DOWN GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS, LEADS TO VARIOUS SYMPTOMS SUCH AS SKELETAL ABNORMALITIES, JOINT STIFFNESS, VISION AND HEARING PROBLEMS, AND HEART AND LUNG COMPLICATIONS. WE REPORT A CASE OF A 15-YEAR-OLD FEMALE PATIENT WITH MAROTEAUX-LAMY SYNDROME, PRESENTING WITH DECREASED HEIGHT, SQUINTING, AND DIFFICULTY WALKING. IMAGING STUDIES REVEALED SEVERAL SKELETAL ABNORMALITIES, AND THE PATIENT'S ACTUAL BONE AGE CORRESPONDED TO THAT OF A THREE-YEAR-OLD FEMALE. ENZYME REPLACEMENT THERAPY AND PHYSIOTHERAPY LED TO CONSIDERABLE IMPROVEMENT IN MOBILITY, DISEASE PROGRESSION, AND BONE GROWTH. THIS CASE REPORT EMPHASIZES THE IMPORTANCE OF EARLY DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT IN MANAGING MAROTEAUX-LAMY SYNDROME.","PeriodicalId":30384,"journal":{"name":"Research and Science Today","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139318867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EDUCATION SUPPORTS ACQUIRED INTELLIGENCE","authors":"Costina Sfinteș","doi":"10.38173/rst.2023.26.2.7:71-76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38173/rst.2023.26.2.7:71-76","url":null,"abstract":": EDUCATION CAN BE CONSIDERED AS THE SET OF ACTIONS CARRIED OUT IN ORDER TO FORM THE HUMAN PERSONALITY, IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE OVERALL INTERESTS OF THE SOCIETY OF WHICH IT IS A PART. THE INCREASED ATTENTION THAT EDUCATION HAS ENJOYED COMES FROM THE CONSIDERATION THAT AN EDUCATED MAN WILL LATER BE ABLE TO IMPRINT A POSITIVE PATH ON SOCIETY, TO ADD VALUE TO IT THROUGH HIS CONTRIBUTION TO THE GOOD RUNNING OF SOCIETY. THE NECESSARY SKILLS, ABILITIES, APTITUDE AND ATTITUDES NECESSARY FOR THIS DESIRED APPEAR FOLLOWING THE PROCESS OF TRAINING AND METHODICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE HUMAN BEING. IN AN EVER-CHANGING WORLD, TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS, ONE AND ONLY, REQUIRES THE ACQUISITION OF COMPETENCIES, SKILLS AND ABILITIES NECESSARY TO ADAPT THE INDIVIDUAL TO NEW SOCIAL REALITIES, SO THAT EDUCATION IS A RESULT AND A RESULT OF THE EVOLUTION OF HUMAN SOCIETIES .","PeriodicalId":30384,"journal":{"name":"Research and Science Today","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139319192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COMPARATIVE-CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS OF EXPRESSING FACTUALITY AND NON-FACTUALITY IN ROMANIAN AND ENGLISH","authors":"Laura Sasu","doi":"10.38173/rst.2023.26.2.13:129-141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.38173/rst.2023.26.2.13:129-141","url":null,"abstract":": THIS ANALYSIS AIMS AT COMPARING AND CONTRASTIVELY INVESTIGATING THE LINGUISTIC PATTERNS USED IN ENGLISH AND ROMANIAN WHEN EXPRESSING FACTUAL, NON-FACTUAL, COUNTER-FACTUAL OR HYPOTHETICAL MEANING. MOOD IS OFTEN THE DIFFERENTIATING CATEGORY APPLIED IN ROMANIAN FOR SUCH SEMANTIC DISTINCTIONS. HOWEVER, IN ENGLISH, NON-FACTUALITY EXPRESSION PERTAINS TO THE AREA OF GRAMATICAL MARKERS, ASSOCIATED WITH A SEMANTICALLY FALSE FORM OF PAST TENSE. THE SUPERIMPOSITON OF THIS UNREAL PAST UPON NON-FACTUAL FUTURE, PRESENT AND PAST VERB PHRASES RESULTS IN SHIFTING EACH TENSE ON STEP FURTHER INTO THE PAST, AS MEANS OF EXPRESSING NON-FACTUALITY. THEREFORE, THIS SHIFT IS USED TO TRANSLATE CONDITIONS, IN SEVERAL TYPES OF CONDITIONALS, AS A TRANSLATION OPTION FOR THE ROMANIAN “CONDIȚ IONAL OPTATIV ” , BOTH PRESENT AND PERFECT FORMS. THE SAME LINGUSTIC PATTERN IS ALSO USED FOR TRANSLATING PAST SUBJUCNTIVE, NAMELY VARIOUS CONTEXTS, SEMANTICALLY CIRCUMSRIBED TO NON-FACTUALITY, AS THE TRANSLATION OPTION FOR THE ROMANIAN MOOD CONJUNCTIV PREZENT AND CONJUNCTIV PERFECT. THE PAST TENSE FORM IS MERELY FORMAL, USED AS LINGUISTIC MARKER FOR SEMANTIC NON-FACTUALITY, BEING THUS A UNREAL PAST IN SUCH CONTEXTS. TRANSLATION ERRORS OFTEN OCCUR IN RENDERING NON-FACTUAL MESSAGES FROM SOURCE INTO TARGET LANGUAGE WITHIN THIS PARTICULAR LANGUAGE PAIR, DUE TO THE EXISTING LACK OF CORRESPONDENCE IN MEANS OF EXPRESSION TYPICAL FOR THE INVESTIGATED SEMANTICAL ASPECT, THAT OF NON-FACTUAL, COUNTER-FACTUAL OR HYPOTHETICAL MEANING.","PeriodicalId":30384,"journal":{"name":"Research and Science Today","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139319285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}