{"title":"ARCHIMEDES: Active Reasoning Conducted with Heterogeneous Information Monitors for Evading Dangers and Extended Surveillance","authors":"Simon Schoenbeck, U. Kuter","doi":"10.32473/flairs.36.133361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/flairs.36.133361","url":null,"abstract":"ARCHIMEDES is a suite of algorithms for planning and task allocation to monitor and surveil a geometrically defined area with a group of heterogenous agents. We focus on maximizing the information gained over a fleet of such agents. The multi-step process allows for our force-based system to find a solution faster by generating reasonable starting points for agents. We present our proposed algorithms, compare them to the most relevant related work via a walkthrough discussion, and describe experimental results from ARCHIMEDES in many mathematically abstract scenarios.","PeriodicalId":302103,"journal":{"name":"The International FLAIRS Conference Proceedings","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133954928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of Artificial Intelligence Regulations on Organizational Risks","authors":"Misti Jo Payton","doi":"10.32473/flairs.36.133263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/flairs.36.133263","url":null,"abstract":"The data science industry has grown exponentially due to the surge in consumer consumption of technology-related services and products. Following closely is the data science specialty of Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithm development and use, which holds significant potential for an organization’s bottom line. By combining these new AI capabilities with the treasure troves of new and legacy consumer data, organizations can automate decision-making to entice new consumers to their products and services. These AI capabilities come with a plethora of potential uses and misuses. Organizations must take stock of the precedence of laws and regulations related to consumer privacy and ensure careful consideration of AI risk management to balance the potential financial implications of AI algorithm development and use, good and bad.","PeriodicalId":302103,"journal":{"name":"The International FLAIRS Conference Proceedings","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121184221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vishal Perekadan, Chaity Banerjee, Tathagata Mukherjee, E. Pasiliao, Hovannes Kulhandjian, Michel Kulhandjian
{"title":"MOD3NN: A Framework for Automatic Signal Modulation Detection Using 3D CNN","authors":"Vishal Perekadan, Chaity Banerjee, Tathagata Mukherjee, E. Pasiliao, Hovannes Kulhandjian, Michel Kulhandjian","doi":"10.32473/flairs.36.133383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/flairs.36.133383","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we present an application of a three-dimensional convolutional neural network for the task of automatic modulation recognition from raw I/Q signal data. Raw I/Q signal data exhibits a special “helical” structure that can be exploited with three-dimensional convolutions (3D convolutions) to learn spatio-temporal features from the signal for the problem of modulation recognition. By tweaking the convolutional filters to learn the helical symmetry of the data, we can design a shallow network for automatic modulation recognition (AMR). We present the results of our experiments with raw I/Q signal data collected in an uncalibrated radio frequency (RF) environment using several different modulation schemes. We show that with our methods and implementation, we can achieve around 99 % accuracy for automatic modulation recognition, for a variety of practical modulation techniques without the need for explicit feature engineering.","PeriodicalId":302103,"journal":{"name":"The International FLAIRS Conference Proceedings","volume":"367 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122342689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mitigating Age Biases in Resume Screening AI Models","authors":"Christopher Harris","doi":"10.32473/flairs.36.133236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/flairs.36.133236","url":null,"abstract":"As populations age, an increasing number of workers beyond the traditional retirement age are opting to continue working. Nevertheless, discrimination against older job seekers seeking new employment opportunities remains widespread. To address this issue, we enlisted a pool of crowdworkers to assess the resumes of IT job candidates and guess each candidate's age, race, and gender. Using this crowdsourced data, we trained an AI model and applied bias correction techniques from IBM's AI 360 and Microsoft's Fairlearn toolkits to correct for biases based on race, gender, and age. We analyzed the effectiveness of these tools in mitigating different types of bias in job hiring algorithms, explored why age may be more challenging to eliminate than other forms of bias, and discussed additional approaches to enhance fairness. Our results indicate that implicit age bias, or ageism, is prevalent in hiring decisions and more pervasive than other well-documented forms of bias, such as race and gender biases.","PeriodicalId":302103,"journal":{"name":"The International FLAIRS Conference Proceedings","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125104757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Choosing the Task Allocator: Effect on Performance and Satisfaction in Human-Agent Team","authors":"Sami Abuhaimed, Selim Karaoglu, S. Sen","doi":"10.32473/flairs.36.133310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/flairs.36.133310","url":null,"abstract":"Ad hoc human-agent teams, where team members interact without prior experience with teammates and only for a limited number of interactions, will be commonplace in dynamic environments with opportunity windows for collaboration between diverse groups. We study the efficacy of virtual ad-hoc teams, consisting of a human and an agent, collaborating to complete tasks in each of a few episodes. To maximize team potential, the relative expertise of team members must be measured and utilized in allocating tasks. As team members are not initially aware of each other's task competence and as humans often cannot accurately estimate their competencies, adapting allocation over the episodes is critical to team performance. Human team member satisfaction with allocations is also critical to determining team viability. We therefore use both these criteria to measure the effectiveness of task allocation procedures with varying degree of flexibility and human teammate control: (a) alternating, (b) performance adaptive, (c) agent-guided, (d) human-selected. We report on the relative strengths of these allocation procedures based on results from experiments with MTurk workers.","PeriodicalId":302103,"journal":{"name":"The International FLAIRS Conference Proceedings","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123812171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Capturing Preferences of New Users in Generative Tasks with Minimal Interactions Collaborative Filtering Using Siamese Networks and Soft Clustering","authors":"Subharag Sarkar, M. Huber","doi":"10.32473/flairs.36.133318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/flairs.36.133318","url":null,"abstract":"Prediction of user preferences is a challenge, in particular when the objective is to learn them without requiring the user to provide a profile or a significant number of interactions. Many collaborative filtering algorithms exist but all of them require the availability of huge datasets of user information and expensive computations. In this paper, a novel architecture is introduced which aims to predict a new user’s interests in the context of previous users’ interactions with minimal feedback interactions. Here, a Siamese Network is used to generate an embedding space for data from existing users. This information is then used in a Gaussian Mixture Model to generate multiple soft clusters. Based on the embedding space, system responses to the user are generated using a Conditional Generative Adversarial Network which uses a vector drawn from the Gaussian Mixture in embedding space from the Siamese Network as the conditional input. The predictive model then interacts with the new user and based on their feedback adjusts the Gaussian Mixture to find the distribution with the highest probability of generating the user’s preferred data. The approach is applied in the context of an image generation task where the goal is to learn to generate images that match the preferences of the user using only a minimal number of direct user interactions. Testing in this domain has shown promising results that exemplify the ability of the approach to capture the user’s preferences while presenting only a minimal number of image examples.","PeriodicalId":302103,"journal":{"name":"The International FLAIRS Conference Proceedings","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129178739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Katherine Phillips, Katherine E. Brown, Steve Talbert, Douglas A. Talbert
{"title":"Group Bias and the Complexity/Accuracy Tradeoff in Machine Learning-Based Trauma Triage Models","authors":"Katherine Phillips, Katherine E. Brown, Steve Talbert, Douglas A. Talbert","doi":"10.32473/flairs.36.133358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/flairs.36.133358","url":null,"abstract":"Trauma triage occurs in suboptimal environments for making consequential decisions. Published triage studies demonstrate the extremes of the complexity/accuracy tradeoff, either studying simple models with poor accuracy or very complex models with accuracies nearing published goals. Using a Level I Trauma Center’s registry cases (n=50,644), this study describes, uses, and derives observations from a methodology to more thoroughly examine this tradeoff. This or similar methods can provide the insight needed for practitioners to balance understandability with accuracy. Additionally, this study incorporates an evaluation of group-based fairness into this tradeoff analysis to provide an additional dimension of insight into model selection. The experiments allow us to draw several conclusions regarding the machine learning models in the domain of trauma triage and demonstrate the value of our tradeoff analysis to provide insight into choices regarding model complexity, model accuracy, and model fairness.","PeriodicalId":302103,"journal":{"name":"The International FLAIRS Conference Proceedings","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133736197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Answering Student Queries with a Supervised Memory Conversational Agent","authors":"Florian Baud, A. Aussem","doi":"10.32473/flairs.36.133195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/flairs.36.133195","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a discussion-bot that provides answers to students’ questions about the Data Science master program at the University of Lyon 1. Based on a seq2seq architecture combined with a supervised memory module, the bot identifies the questioner’s interest and encodes relevant information from the past conversation to provide personalized answers. A dialogue generator based on hand-crafted dialogues was built to train our model on these synthetic dialogues. The agent and its memory are adaptable to another context by modifying the intention database of the generator. The model was deployed and the results show that the discussion-bot meets most students’ learning requests. We discuss further directions that might be taken to increase the model's effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":302103,"journal":{"name":"The International FLAIRS Conference Proceedings","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130788054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How Does a Minority Opinion Spread? - An Agent-Based Model on the Opposition Between a Silent Majority and a Loud Minority","authors":"Luca Baccino, S. Villata","doi":"10.32473/flairs.36.133330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/flairs.36.133330","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose a discrete opinion model in which two beliefs models compete. One opinion is endorsed bythe vast majority of agents, but this majority remains silent and rarely expresses its opinion. Conversely, the other beliefmodel is supported by a small minority that is very committed and does not hesitate to be loud. We observe that a very smallnumber of individuals is necessary for the minority opinion to become the majority. However, the presence of so-called ”inflexible” and ”super propagators” agents can counteract this phenomenon and prevent the loud minority from propagatingits view.","PeriodicalId":302103,"journal":{"name":"The International FLAIRS Conference Proceedings","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131060368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sasha Strelnikoff, Aruna Jammalamadaka, Tsai-Ching Lu
{"title":"Causanom: Anomaly Detection With Flexible Causal Graphs","authors":"Sasha Strelnikoff, Aruna Jammalamadaka, Tsai-Ching Lu","doi":"10.32473/flairs.36.133298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/flairs.36.133298","url":null,"abstract":"Causality-based anomaly detection methods provide at least two significant theoretical benefits over purely statistical methods: 1. Improved robustness to non-anomalous out-of-distribution data, which implies a reduction in false-alarms; 2. A potential for failure localization due to the topological ordering of the causal graph. Recent studies have considered the utilization of causality-based methods for time series anomaly detection, however, these methods require the causal graph to be fixed; resultingly, such methods are not robust to incorrectly estimated causal graphs and are not able to natively model counterfactual scenarios. To address these limitations, we introduce Causanom: a graph-based encoder-decoder neural network for time series anomaly detection. Causanom utilizes a node conditional data-stream representation in conjunction with a weighted graph aggregation function in order to efficiently capture heterogeneous node dynamics whilst allowing for a flexible graphical structure. We show that Causanom can be trained along with auxiliary constraints in order to tune the causal graph and improve performance. Additionally, we show that Causanom can be used to produce counterfactual data, which we leverage to identify violated causal relationships. Using real and synthetic time series data respectively, we show that Causanom performs at least as well as state-of-the-art baselines in the anomaly detection task and outperforms existing methods in a causal attribution task.","PeriodicalId":302103,"journal":{"name":"The International FLAIRS Conference Proceedings","volume":"363 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134113821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}