{"title":"Code Generation for Collectible Card Games with Complex APIs","authors":"John Licato, Logan Fields, Brayden Hollis","doi":"10.32473/flairs.36.133044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/flairs.36.133044","url":null,"abstract":"Large pre-trained language models (LMs) such as GPT-3 Codex are able to generate code remarkably well given prompts of natural language text. But if we want to use such LMs to generate code compatible with a specific API or library (e.g., an API which provides the environments in which certain rules, laws, or orders are to be carried out), the amount of computational and data resources required to fine-tune such models can be cost prohibitive to most organizations. Given these practical limitations, is it possible to utilize these massive code-generation LMs to write code compatible with a given API? We develop an algorithm that selects code examples using a smaller LM trained to predict which features of an API are likely to be used in the resulting code, which is a simpler problem than actually generating the code. The selected examples are then used to build a prompt for the larger LM, which in turn generates the final code. We demonstrate our results on a benchmark dataset derived from the collectible card game \"Magic: the Gathering,\" and obtain state-of-the-art results.","PeriodicalId":302103,"journal":{"name":"The International FLAIRS Conference Proceedings","volume":"151 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132949731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stefano Bistarelli, Victor David, Francesco Santini, Carlo Taticchi
{"title":"Towards a Temporal Probabilistic Argumentation Framework","authors":"Stefano Bistarelli, Victor David, Francesco Santini, Carlo Taticchi","doi":"10.32473/flairs.36.133267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/flairs.36.133267","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the notion of time has been studied in different ways in Dung-style Argumentation Frameworks. For example, time intervals of availability have been added to arguments and relations. As a result, the output of Dung semantics varies over time. In this paper, we consider the situation in which arguments hold with a certain probability distribution during a given interval. To model the uncertain character of events, we propose different notions of temporal conflict between arguments according to the type of availabilities intersection (partial, inclusive, or total). Then, we refine these notions of conflict by a defeat relation, using criterion functions that evaluate an attack’s significance according to the probability over time.","PeriodicalId":302103,"journal":{"name":"The International FLAIRS Conference Proceedings","volume":"30 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133392434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Learning Sensor Based Risk Map Augmentation for Risk Aware UAS Operation","authors":"Bhaskar Trivedi, M. Huber","doi":"10.32473/flairs.36.133323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/flairs.36.133323","url":null,"abstract":"Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) have become increasingly popular and have been identified as a good platform for a range of tasks from surveillance and inspection to delivery and maintenance. In many of these applications these systems have to operate in environments that are frequented by people or that contain sensitive infrastructure and in which the operation of UAS thus poses physical risk in terms of damage in case of vehicle failure or psychological or privacy risks which would make their operation less acceptable. To increase the use of these systems it is thus important that they can take into account these risks when determining navigation strategies. While this can sometimes be done based on prior information, such as street and building plans in cities, a priori information is often not complete, making it essential that risk representations can be augmented in real time based on sensor information. This paper presents an approach to risk map augmentation that uses learned risk identification from aerial pictures to fuse additional information with prior data into a dynamically changing risk map that allows effective re-planning of navigation strategies.","PeriodicalId":302103,"journal":{"name":"The International FLAIRS Conference Proceedings","volume":"337 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133870819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"k-medianoids Clustering Algorithm","authors":"James Cha, Teryn Cha, Sung-Hyuk Cha","doi":"10.32473/flairs.36.133379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/flairs.36.133379","url":null,"abstract":"One of the simplest and popular clustering method is the simple k-means clustering algorithm. One of the drawbacks of the method is its sensitivity to outliers. To overcome this problem, the k-medians clustering algorithm is used. Another limitation of the simple k-means clustering algorithm is the Euclidean space assumption. The k-medoids has been used to overcome this assumption. Here a combined method called the k-medianoids clustering algorithm is proposed. A medianoid is a kind of median that does not require the Euclidean space assumption and is formally defined. The proposed method is demonstrated using nucleotide sequences.","PeriodicalId":302103,"journal":{"name":"The International FLAIRS Conference Proceedings","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122855153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aruna Jammalamadaka, Lingyi Zhang, Joseph Comer, Sasha Strelnikoff, R. Mustari, Tsai-Ching Lu, Rajan Bhattacharyya
{"title":"Semi-supervised Learning of Visual Causal Macrovariables","authors":"Aruna Jammalamadaka, Lingyi Zhang, Joseph Comer, Sasha Strelnikoff, R. Mustari, Tsai-Ching Lu, Rajan Bhattacharyya","doi":"10.32473/flairs.36.133229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/flairs.36.133229","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Discovery of causally related concepts is one of the key challenges in extracting knowledge from observational data. Lower-dimensional “causal macrovariables” represent concepts which preserve all relevant causal information in high-dimensional systems. Existing causal macrovariable discovery algorithms are limited by assumptions about known and controllable interventions. We propose a variational autoencoder-inspired architecture with regularization terms for semi-supervised causal macrovariable discovery. These terms impose domain knowledge regarding visual causal concepts to differentiate between correlation and causation. Experiments on both synthetic and real-world datasets with known causal dynamics show that our method can discover more concise and precise causal macrovariables than unsupervised methods. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":302103,"journal":{"name":"The International FLAIRS Conference Proceedings","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124086455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Comparison of AutoML Hyperparameter Optimization Tools For Tabular Data","authors":"Prativa Pokhrel, A. Lazar","doi":"10.32473/flairs.36.133357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/flairs.36.133357","url":null,"abstract":"The performance of machine learning (ML) methods for classification and regression tasks applied to tabular datasets is sensitive to hyperparameters values. Therefore, finding the optimal values of these hyperparameters is integral in improving the prediction accuracy of an ML algorithm and the model selection. However, manually searching for the best configuration is a tedious task, and many AutoML (Automated Machine Learning) frameworks have been proposed recently to help practitioners solve this problem. Hyperparameters are the values or configurations that control the algorithm’s behavior while building the model. Hyperparameter optimization (HPO) is the guided process of finding the best combination of hyperparameters that delivers the best performance on the data and task at hand in a reasonable amount of time. In this work, we compare the performance of two frequently used AutoML HPO frameworks, Optuna and HyperOpt, on popular OpenML tabular datasets to identify the best framework for tabular data. The results of the experiments show that Optuna performs better than HyperOpt, whereas HyperOpt is the fastest for hyperparameter optimization.","PeriodicalId":302103,"journal":{"name":"The International FLAIRS Conference Proceedings","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129206218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Aggregating Procedure for Fuzzy Cognitive Maps","authors":"Maikel Leon Espinosa","doi":"10.32473/flairs.36.133082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/flairs.36.133082","url":null,"abstract":"In the field of Knowledge Engineering and Representation, a typical struggle encompasses transferring the Subject Matter’s expertise into computational descriptions that could be used to create digital-twin representations of a given real-world scenario. Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCMs) have recently gained relevant attention among multiple techniques developed with this aim. However, one issue remains, when numerous of these representations need to be combined into a unique aggregated structure, it is essential to weigh factors (such as quality) into the final form to ensure its veracity, making the process not too straightforward. This paper proposes an aggregation procedure to combine FCMs into one that represents best its contributors. The technique was utilized for solving a real-life problem, and several configurations were explored. The results are compiled and reported in this paper.","PeriodicalId":302103,"journal":{"name":"The International FLAIRS Conference Proceedings","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114306309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Damiem Rolon-Mérette, Thadde Rolon-Merette, S. Chartier
{"title":"Using Bidirectional Associative Memory Neural Networks to Solve the N-bit Task","authors":"Damiem Rolon-Mérette, Thadde Rolon-Merette, S. Chartier","doi":"10.32473/flairs.36.133140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/flairs.36.133140","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, artificial neural networks can easily solve the N-bit parity problem. However, each time a different level must be learned, the network must be retrained. This, combined with the exponential increase of learning trials required as N grows, make these models too different from how their biological counterpart solves them. This is because humans learn to recognize patterns, count, and determine if numbers are odd or even. Once they have learned these tasks, they can have them interact to solve any level without further training. This behavior is akin to performing multiple associations of different tasks. Therefore, it is proposed that by using bidirectional associative memory neural networks, it would be possible to solve the N-bit parity problem in a similar fashion to humans. To achieve this, two networks interacted; one served as a task Identifier and the other as a memory Extractor, giving the desired behavior influenced by the Identifier. Results showed that the model could solve the 2- to 9-bit in linear time once the associations were learned. Moreover, this was possible with 97% fewer inputs and no retraining. In addition, because of the recurrent nature of the model, it could also solve the tasks even under high noise levels.","PeriodicalId":302103,"journal":{"name":"The International FLAIRS Conference Proceedings","volume":"176 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114091499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"MarshCover: A Web-based Tool for Estimating Vegetation Coverage in Marsh Images Using Convolutional Neural Networks","authors":"Lucas Welch, Xudong Liu","doi":"10.32473/flairs.36.133166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/flairs.36.133166","url":null,"abstract":"Marsh ecosystems are some of our most important, serving many crucial ecological functions. They are also rapidly changing, and it is vital for scientists to track these changes. This includes monitoring the health of marshes via estimating ground coverage by various grass species, a task that requires human labor to look at marsh images and manually estimate the coverage. Clearly, this task can be quite formidable. To automate this standard yet laborsome process, we developa web-based system, called MarshCover, that automates the process of estimating vegetation density in marsh images using convolutional neural networks (CNNs). MarshCover, to the best of our knowledge, is the first such tool available to biologists that uses CNNs for marsh vegetation estimations. In order to select effective CNN models for our MarshCover server, we conduct extensive empirical analyses of three distinct CNNs, i.e., LeNet-5, AlexNet and VGG-16, to compare their performances on a public marsh image dataset. To this end, we address two classification problems for this paper: a binary classification problem classifying points as vegetated and unvegetated, and a multiclass classification problem that classifies points into either an unvegetated class or one of five different species classes. Our experiments identify the VGG16 model as the best classifier to embed in MarshCover for both the binary classification problem and the full classification problem with a two model classifier (called two-shot). These two classifiers had accuracies on test data of 90.76% and 84% respectively. MarshCover is publicly available online.","PeriodicalId":302103,"journal":{"name":"The International FLAIRS Conference Proceedings","volume":"06 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127325184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jinghong Li, Hatsuhiko Tanabe, Koichi Ota, Wen Gu, S. Hasegawa
{"title":"Automatic Summarization for Academic Articles using Deep Learning and Reinforcement Learning with Viewpoints","authors":"Jinghong Li, Hatsuhiko Tanabe, Koichi Ota, Wen Gu, S. Hasegawa","doi":"10.32473/flairs.36.133308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32473/flairs.36.133308","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this research is to develop a Viewpoint Refinement in Automatic Summarization (VPRAS) system for research articles. The system will reflect viewpoints of survey to support surveys stage for researchers and students. We collect academic articles using web scraping technology and construct training data by combining sections and sentences through analysis of the article's PDF structure. We use machine learning techniques to classify sentences in Japanese articles into viewpoints. In addition to supervised learning, we introduce reinforcement learning and Dynamic Programming (DP) to extract important sentences for each viewpoint. Finally, we implemented an agent to automatically extract summary sentences based on a reward function.","PeriodicalId":302103,"journal":{"name":"The International FLAIRS Conference Proceedings","volume":"200 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124476252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}