The Korean-Japanese Economic and Management Association最新文献

{"title":"Job Reallocation Patterns of Korean Firms before and after the COVID-19 Outbreak","authors":"Jung-Hwan Hyun","doi":"10.46396/kjem..101.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46396/kjem..101.5","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This paper aims to explore how job reallocation changes in response to the Covid-19 pandemic. More specifically, the paper calculates 5 job flows (job creation, destruction, reallocation, net employment growth and excess reallocation) and how they increase or decrease after the Covid-19 outbreak and examine whether the within-group reallocation is reinforced after the pandemic. Furthermore, the research estimates the key factors (variables) that bring a change in 5 job flows and what affects the most important job flow, namely excess job reallocation. Research design, data, and methodology: The research collects data necessary for empirical analysis from KISVALUE, the firm-level data source provided by NICE, a credit rating agency in Korea. And the paper adopts a standard methodology to generate 5 job flows, which was developed by Davis and Haltiwanger(1992). Also, i t also employs to Differences-in-Differences method to address what brings a change in 5 job flows after the outbreak of the pandemic. Results: The paper finds out evidence that there were a slight increase in job reallocation shortly after the pandemic unfolded and however job reallocation was alleviated in 2021 and 2022., which is inconsistent with previous studyies on financial crises (including 1997 financial crisis in Korea). Job reallocation between heterogeneous groups were intensified in the post-pandemic period. Furthermore, key performance indexes such as wage-to-sales ratio, leverage, average borrowing rate, ratio of financial expenditures to sales (or total costs) and net profit explain a increase or an decrease in 5 job flows. Notably, excess reallocation depends on leverage and financial expenditures, meaning that a change in the two variables have heterogeneous effects across industrial sectors. Implications: All in all, the main results indicate 3 important implications on job reallocation in the post Covid-19 period. First, Covid-19 is an economic shock that has a temporary effect on the magnitude of job reallocation. Second, although mild, it is a reallocative shock that brings reallocation of jobs across sectors or other groups of firms with different properties. Third, financial reasons such as leverage and financial expenditures are sources that results in job reallocation between 2-digit industrial sectors.","PeriodicalId":300861,"journal":{"name":"The Korean-Japanese Economic and Management Association","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139200874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study on the Operation Direction of Workation in Japan for the Development of Local Areas and the Expansion of Related Populations","authors":"Hyun-Ji Kim, Sung-Yun Kim","doi":"10.46396/kjem..101.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46396/kjem..101.7","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Recently, interest in workation has been increasing in Korea. Many local governments are inducing a large influx of tourists through investment and operation in the development of the workation center. Accordingly, hardware-oriented investments called workation centers are mainly developed and operated by urban local governments. Accordingly, this study was conducted to present implications for the ultimate development direction of workation linked to the region based on the understanding of the development background and application of Japan workation, which is the leading application of workation. Results: The characteristics of the Japanese work system are as follows. The Japanese work system has long been discussed in policy by the government, telework and work were applied as a way to expand the related population as a way to prevent local extinction and promote local creation, and work is still applied as an alternative for local revitalization, mainly in the provinces. In contrast, Korea’s intention to activate work, a new way of working that reflects the characteristics of the new MZ generation, was emphasized, and many local governments are developing work centers and operating them mainly as corporate workers through contracts with companies. Furthermore, it is believed that it is being operated as a strategy to attract another tourist. Recently, in Japan, there are doubts about whether work is a concept in which the management and operation of workers of another company and autonomous time are expanded without separation of work and leisure. Implications: In this study, as a direction of application of work, it is suggested that the application of Japanese-type work, which can be operated in connection with companies with areas that are difficult to develop in rural areas such as agricultural, mountain and fishing villages, should be applied in Korea. Through communication, it will be possible to become an alternative for local and urban linkage through understanding of the region and expanding opportunities for mutual exchange. In addition, it is believed that the MZ generation should be able to provide opportunities for them to understand the provinces through work.","PeriodicalId":300861,"journal":{"name":"The Korean-Japanese Economic and Management Association","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139205690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Productivity Improvement Strategy Using DX for Japanese Small and Medium Manufacturing Companies","authors":"Kwang-Hee Han","doi":"10.46396/kjem..101.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46396/kjem..101.1","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Digital technologies, which have played a major role in driving the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, are now not only a means of maximizing their competitiveness to small and medium manufacturing companies, but also use them to deepen their ties with related parties such as producers, suppliers, and consumers. Therefore, these digital technologies make it possible to create new values and higher values for small and medium manufacturing companies in Japan today. The purpose of this paper is to focus on what is the fundamental purpose of promoting digital transformation by small and medium Japanese manufacturing companies in recent years, and what are the effects of promoting such digital transformation. In addition, the characteristic that appears in the process of developing digital transformation by introducing such digital technology to its management activities is to analyze cases using the operation model of digital transformation. Research design, data, and methodology: Based on previous studies so far, this study presents a DX operation analysis model of Japanese small and medium manufacturing companies to identify and analyze the characteristics of Japanese small and medium manufacturing companies’ introduction and operation of DX in their production activities, and focuses on the cases of small and medium manufacturing companies corresponding to the three types in such models. Results: In order to enable Japanese small and medium manufacturing companies to develop production activities suitable for the new digital era amid rapidly changing environmental changes in the era of the 4th industrial revolution, above all, a change in the business model is required to maximize the productivity and added value of their products. Through the DX operation cases of small and medium manufacturing companies in Japan, we were able to see how effectively and efficiently they are coping with the challenges related to productivity improvement and technology succession, which were their ultimate problems, by using digital technologies such as IoT, AI, big data, and cloud. Implications: Since the problem of low birth rate and aging population is emerging as a serious social problem in Korea, the technology succession problem related to the manufacture of molds by skilled engineers in Japanese small and medium manufacturing companies is thought to be a phenomenon that may soon occur in Korea. Therefore, the various DX operation cases of small and medium manufacturing industries in Japan have great implications for small and medium manufacturing companies in Korea.","PeriodicalId":300861,"journal":{"name":"The Korean-Japanese Economic and Management Association","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139198234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparative Study of Startup Growth Policies in Major Foreign Countries on the Ecosystem Perspective","authors":"Myung-Hyun Park, Mee-Soon Lee","doi":"10.46396/kjem..101.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46396/kjem..101.4","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to analyze policy cases in major overseas countries for the sustainable growth of startups from an ecological perspective and compare the results. In addition, through the results of this comparison and analysis, we seek to derive what the policy characteristics of major overseas countries have on the current status of startups and the ecosystem structure in Korea. By closely examining global policy cases and identifying various policy approaches, we hope that the results and implications of this study will contribute to ongoing efforts to foster a dynamic startup ecosystem for stakeholders who make up the corporate ecosystem, such as entrepreneurs and policy makers. Research design, data, and methodology: The UK, France, and Germany were seen as relatively suitable for comparison with Korea in terms of population and economic size. Additionally, Singapore and Estonia, despite their small domestic market size, exhibited high competitiveness in the growth of startups and the subsequent creation of unicorn companies. The selection of these countries as the subject of research was based on these considerations. Policy cases from each of these countries were explored, focusing on reports from government agencies, and these cases were analyzed based on common standards to derive commonalities and differences. Results: The results of this study can be characterized in three categories. First, concerning the growth of a company, what they have in common is that they are divided into stages according to the growth cycle and focus on customized support needed at that stage. Second, in the cooperation and network category, a common feature is building a collaborative ecosystem through domestic and international partnerships. Additionally, small countries in terms of population and economy emphasize the importance of international cooperation and resource utilization, while large countries tend to emphasize the integration of domestic entrepreneurial capabilities and resources and the synergy effects to strengthen the startup ecosystem. Third, in the institutional environment and infrastructure category, it is characterized by a focus on actively attracting overseas talent and supporting research, as well as ensuring that related support is based on local infrastructure or embedded in the local ecosystem. Implications: The implication of this study is, first of all, that there is a need for the scope of policy support related to the startup ecosystem to be evenly distributed regionally. Additionally, the composition of the network in the startup ecosystem must be accompanied by horizontal changes based on the company’s growth cycle. Furthermore, there is an expansion in the diversity of members participating in the startup ecosystem. This means that emphasizing both quantitative and qualitative diversity can enable startups to promote growth based on inclusivity and creativity while dealing with the risks and ch","PeriodicalId":300861,"journal":{"name":"The Korean-Japanese Economic and Management Association","volume":"49 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139205547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Emergence of Merchant Schools During the Kyoho Period (1716-1736) in Early Modern Japan","authors":"Duk-Hoon Lee, Kyung-Gu Rhee","doi":"10.46396/kjem..101.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46396/kjem..101.3","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the emergence of merchant schools and the merchant spirit of the samurai society in Kyoho period (1716∼1736) of the Edo Shogunate. Research design, data, and methodology: The research direction of this study was determined through previous research, and a comparison was made between Kaitokudo(懐徳堂), a government-run merchant school, and Singakugosha(心学講舎), a private merchant school, through their establishment backgrounds. Results: Kaitokudo was founded in Japan’s early modern society by the power of merchants, and the merchant school was sanctioned by the shogunate and emerged as a government institution, which is probably one of the most important schools in the world. This is a rare phenomenon, and is seen as a result of the intellectual equalization of merchants and samurai. Meanwhile, Shingaku Kosha, a private merchant school, was founded by Ishida Baigan(石田梅岩). Ishida Baigan asserted the legitimacy of merchants and commerce, which had been looked down upon in the past, instilled pride in merchants, elevated them to the philosophy of “merchant’s ways,” and led them to Sekimon Shingaku. It expanded and became the spiritual origin of Japanese capitalism. Implications: If we think about it from the standpoint of South Korea, which is also a Confucian country, we can see that it justified the “merchant’s profession and the profits earned by merchants,” which were considered debased until the 18th century, and equated (merchant’s) profits with (samurai’s) offerings. This led to the equalization of the duties of merchants and samurai (Korea: 兩班), which was a revolutionary idea at the time, and was popular in Japan during the Kyoho(亨保)period (1716-1736). It must be said that this was a major event, and a world historical event in the Asian world, something that had never been seen before in Europe, Korea, or China.","PeriodicalId":300861,"journal":{"name":"The Korean-Japanese Economic and Management Association","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139208659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Suicide Exclusion in Japanese Life Insurance","authors":"Yasui Toshiaki","doi":"10.46396/kjem..100.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46396/kjem..100.1","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study examined suicide risk associated with life insurance in Japan. As paying insurance against the risk of suicide may lead to suicide, we present countermeasures. \u0000Research design, data, and methodology: This study examines why suicide is exempt and why insurance pays for suicides by reviewing the literature. \u0000Results: The study indicates that to prevent suicide, suicide should be completely exempt from liability for corporate insurance in which the company is a policyholder. \u0000Implications: Life Insurers in Japan do not distinguish between cases in which the policyholder is a company or household. In the future, it will be necessary to distinguish between suicide treatment and life insurance.","PeriodicalId":300861,"journal":{"name":"The Korean-Japanese Economic and Management Association","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116300761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case Study on POSCO ESG Management: System and Performance","authors":"Dong-Chul Kim, Jung-Won Kim","doi":"10.46396/kjem..100.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46396/kjem..100.3","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study is based on the awareness that ESG management is a key factor in realizing sustainability in corporate management at a time when it is formed as a new order at the global level and is a key criterion for judging the sustainability of investment in companies or businesses in Korea. Management/policy implications were derived through research on POSCO’s ESG management philosophy, institutions, and practices, which are implementing ESG management. \u0000Research design, data, and methodology: POSCO’s ESG management case, which is distinct from the declarative ESG management promotion case that can be represented by ESG washing, is analyzed as a good case of POSCO’s ‘citizen company’ that conceptualizes ‘citizen company’ by continuously improving customer value and brand value by creating economic value. The main data used in the case analysis were analyzed and organized focusing on the contents and data discussed and published on the POSCO website and various media reports, as well as internal announcements of “Corporate Citizen POSCO’s ESG Management.” \u0000Results: As a major result of the case analysis, the significance of start-up citizens presented as ESG identity in terms of institution and the ESG management strategy system to implement it were confirmed. In terms of implementation performance, the environment reviewed achievements such as responding to climate change, improving the air environment, innovating eco-friendly products, and resourcing by-products, focusing on ESG core issues. Society examined the performance of major ESG activities related to customers, employees, suppliers, and communities, focusing on stakeholders. The governance structure confirmed major achievements, focusing on ESG committee for ESG implementation, corporate citizenship advisory meetings, and ethical management. The analysis of POSCO’s financial performance analyzed sales, gross profit, operating profit, net profit, and EBITDA from 2018 to 2022 in consideration of the 2018 declaration of corporate citizenship and the enactment of the POSCO Corporate Citizenship Charter in 2019. \u0000Implications: The main implications of the study were the importance of ESG management strategies linked to corporate overall management strategies, the pursuit of a balance between economic performance and ESG performance, the formation of a board of directors to strengthen governance, the importance of active communication and significance of ESG management in the steel industry as global competition intensifies.","PeriodicalId":300861,"journal":{"name":"The Korean-Japanese Economic and Management Association","volume":"2012 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114804430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implications of Japan’s Strategy to Overcome Low Birthrate for Korea: Focusing on Case Studies in Nagi-cho, Okayama Prefecture, Japan","authors":"Kwang-Hee Kim","doi":"10.46396/kjem..100.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46396/kjem..100.2","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Korea has the lowest birth rate in the world. We need to find measures to overcome the low birth rate. \u0000This is a key issue that will determine Korea’s survival. In this study, we would like to find measures to solve the low \u0000birth rate problem in Korea. \u0000Research design, data, and methodology: This study aims to understand in detail the various childbirth policies, \u0000strategies, and peculiarities that have been promoted, focusing on the cases of overcoming low birth rates in \u0000Nagi-cho, Japan. In addition, the substance cannot be grasped only through the contents introduced at home and \u0000abroad. We would also like to discuss the hidden truth of Nagi-cho. Hopefully, I hope that this study will be a useful \u0000hint in solving the low birth rate problem. \u0000Results: Now, Korean society is suffering from internal threats of low birth rates, not external threats. Just worrying \u0000doesn’t change the situation. Nevertheless, someone is responsible for identifying and predicting the nature of the \u0000problem from an objective perspective and raising an alarm in Korean society. Accordingly, the conclusion presented \u0000eight response strategies to overcome Korea’s low birth rate problem. Typically, the total fertility rate of 0.78 in 2022 \u0000is due to the fact that more than one child was not born between couples. In other words, the reason why the \u0000current number of births and fertility rates do not rise is not that they do not give birth to a second child, but that \u0000caused by not having a single child. Couples who give birth to their first child have a high probability of giving birth \u0000to their second child, but it is impossible to give birth to their second and third children unless their first child is \u0000born. It is the right childbirth policy to actively support couples who have given birth to a second child. \u0000Implications: We expect the sum of the partial optimizations to be equal to the sum of the total optimization, and \u0000this is what we are looking for in the implications 'best answer'. However, at the macro level of a country’s fertility \u0000rate, it is not easy to achieve the total optimum through partial optimization.","PeriodicalId":300861,"journal":{"name":"The Korean-Japanese Economic and Management Association","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123852100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study on the Emergence of Insurtech and Factors of Change in the Insurance Industry","authors":"Jin-Bum Lee","doi":"10.46396/kjem..100.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46396/kjem..100.5","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This paper focuses on the impact of the emergence of InsurTech on the insurance industry. It is true that previous studies have been difficult to focus on the cutting-edge technology called Insurtech or to judge what kind of influence it has from a comprehensive perspective. Therefore, in this study, rather than introducing the technical aspects of Insurtech in detail, it is shown that the introduction of Insuretech is inevitable due to changes in the insurance industry and changes in the external environment, such as the consumer platform. In other words, since the introduction of Insurtech will inevitably happen in the future, the goal of this study is to suggest that sufficient preparation and research are necessary. \u0000Research design, data, and methodology: In order to find out how InsureTech is being used in the insurance industry, how to change the insurance business model for representative insurance startups such as Lemonade, Metromile, and Oscar Torv. It is a method of research to find out if there is. \u0000Results: The results of this study are as follows. First, the emergence of Insuretech is benefiting both insurance providers and beneficiaries in the insurance industry. Second, the emergence of Insuretech is changing the insurance business model, and although some changes are caused by the emergence of Insuretech, it is characterized by changes in external environmental factors such as existing consumer platforms. \u0000Implications: The implications of this study are as follows. The emergence of Insure Tech provides new opportunities to the insurance business as it provides the ability to identify and solve problems in the insurance industry. Insurtech is also changing the insurance business as a whole, which has a positive impact on the future insurance industry by creating new market products and consumers.","PeriodicalId":300861,"journal":{"name":"The Korean-Japanese Economic and Management Association","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133996491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Trust in the CEO of Medical Institution on Management Performance: Focusing on the Mediating Effect of Organizational Effectiveness","authors":"J. Lee, K. Song","doi":"10.46396/kjem..100.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46396/kjem..100.4","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between trust in medical institution CEO’s and management performance and to verify the mediating effect of organizational effectiveness. Through this, we would like to find ways to improve the management performance of medical institutions. \u0000Research design, data, and methodology: A survey was conducted on employees of medical institutions located in Busan, Ulsan, and Gyeongsangnam-do. A total of 334 valid questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS programs. The hypothesis on the relationship between trust in the CEO, management performance, and organizational effectiveness was verified. \u0000Results: As a result of the analysis, it was found that trust in the CEO affects organizational effectiveness and management performance. Organizational effectiveness was found to have an effect on management performance. Job satisfaction was found to have an effect on organizational commitment. On the other hand, trust in the CEO did not affect management performance, so the full mediating effect of organizational effectiveness was verified. \u0000Implications: This study verified the mediating effect of organizational effectiveness in the relationship between trust in medical institution CEO’s and management performance, and it was found that organizational effect had a complete mediating effect. Therefore, it is necessary to come up with measures to improve organizational effectiveness and management performance by improving trust in the CEO of medical institutions.","PeriodicalId":300861,"journal":{"name":"The Korean-Japanese Economic and Management Association","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117244159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}