Journal of Applied Economics and Business Studies最新文献_第3页

Female Unemployment Duration in Pakistan – A Survival Analysis 巴基斯坦女性失业持续时间——生存分析

Journal of Applied Economics and Business Studies Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.34260/jaebs.632

GulRukh Zahid, A. Fatima

{"title":"Female Unemployment Duration in Pakistan – A Survival Analysis","authors":"GulRukh Zahid, A. Fatima","doi":"10.34260/jaebs.632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34260/jaebs.632","url":null,"abstract":"Female unemployment in Pakistan is very high in contrast to its neighboring countries. The finding of previously available literature concludes that staying out of the labour market for longer durations causes a lower possibility of getting a job again and for females; the probability is even lower compared to males. This study examines the unemployment situation and its duration, forcing females to drop out of Pakistan's labour force. Numerous factors are accountable for the higher inactivity rate of females in the labour market. Some examples are low education level, higher age, home responsibilities such as taking care of elders and children, spouse job status, marital status, and non-availability of job-specific knowledge. Although in the case of Pakistan, literature shows many causes of higher inactivity of female unemployment, it does not focus on the time estimations and calculate it in days or months to figure out how long a female take to get back on a job once she becomes unemployed. More specifically, the aspects which determine unemployment are unavailable. Kaplan-Meier Survival analysis has been performed to assess the research by employing the data on the labour market and socio-economic variables from the Labour Force Survey (LFS) source of 2014-15. This study can help policymakers to figure out the duration of female unemployment, prevalent in the labour market for females in Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":300552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Economics and Business Studies","volume":"147 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133874056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Government Trust as a Significant Determinant of Tax Compliance: A Study of Pakistan 政府信任:税收合规的重要决定因素:巴基斯坦的研究

Journal of Applied Economics and Business Studies Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.34260/jaebs.626

Nabila Saddaf, Muhammad Tariq Mehmood, Adnan Pitafi, Shahbaz Husain

引用次数: 0

Do Energy Prices drive Inflation in South Africa? An unrestricted VAR Approach 能源价格推动南非通货膨胀吗?不受限制的VAR方法

Journal of Applied Economics and Business Studies Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.34260/jaebs.621

M. Masoga, Thabang Kumalo, Bekithemba Qeqe, Baneng Naape

{"title":"Do Energy Prices drive Inflation in South Africa? An unrestricted VAR Approach","authors":"M. Masoga, Thabang Kumalo, Bekithemba Qeqe, Baneng Naape","doi":"10.34260/jaebs.621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34260/jaebs.621","url":null,"abstract":"This study was aimed at investigating the effects of energy prices on inflation in South Africa. This was achieved by means of econometric analysis and annual time series data spanning from 1994 to 2020. The findings revealed that electricity tariffs and petrol prices exhibit a positive effect on inflation in South Africa. On the contrary, interest rates and the exchange rate as control variables were found to have a negative effect on the inflation rate. The impulse response function indicated that inflation responds positively to innovations in petrol prices, electricity tariffs and money supply in the medium and long term but responds negatively to innovations in interest rates and exchange rates. Further to this, the variance decomposition function revealed that variations in inflation are largely explained by its own innovations and partially explained by innovations in petrol prices, money supply and interest rates. Lastly, the granger causality analysis showed no evidence of causality between inflation and explanatory variables during the specified period. Given that energy prices place upward pressure on inflation, the study recommends a review of the current fuel and electricity tariff structure to provide the much-needed relief to households and businesses.","PeriodicalId":300552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Economics and Business Studies","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114111878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Welfare Impact of Dust Pollution on Human Health in the District Khyber Ex-FATA, Pakistan 巴基斯坦开伯尔前联邦直辖自治区粉尘污染对人类健康的福利影响

Journal of Applied Economics and Business Studies Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.34260/jaebs.622

M. Rafiq, Luqman Khan, M. Khan

{"title":"Welfare Impact of Dust Pollution on Human Health in the District Khyber Ex-FATA, Pakistan","authors":"M. Rafiq, Luqman Khan, M. Khan","doi":"10.34260/jaebs.622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34260/jaebs.622","url":null,"abstract":"Dust pollution is among the major cause of disease and death all around the world. The lungs and respiratory system are the primary targets of ambient dust pollution. This study aims to estimate the health cost due to dust pollution from a stone crushing industry in the Khyber district of ex-fata, Pakistan. To examine the impact of dust pollution on respiratory illness, primary data was collected from 1278 individuals from 200 households living within a 3 km radius of the stone crushing industry. The Household Production Function and Mitigation Cost Function were used to determine the reduced-form equations for assessing the impact of dust pollution on human health and then estimating the monetary cost related to mitigating such diseases. The PM10 level in the crushing region was extremely high, averaging 1247g/m3, while the PM10 level in the control group was relatively low, at 45g/m3. According to our study, the regression analysis estimated that by reducing PM10 to a safe level, every individual could save PKR 4958 per year through mitigation costs. The Total welfare gain for district Khyber will be PKR 2453.306 million or (PKR 2.45 billion). Aside from that, individual productivity loss is estimated to be .37 per day per year. The monetary value of avoiding the restricted working day is PKR 23 for one home, whereas the monetary benefit of lowering the PM10 level is PKR 161000/ for the entire district. The research study suggests implementing the ban on stone crush production and technology adaptation in the residential areas.","PeriodicalId":300552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Economics and Business Studies","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130460716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

An Exploration of Women Owned Home-based Business Through Institutional Theory Lens: A Case of Peshawar, Pakistan 制度理论视角下的女性居家创业探析——以巴基斯坦白沙瓦为例

Journal of Applied Economics and Business Studies Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.34260/jaebs.623

Madiha Gohar, Ayesha Abrar

{"title":"An Exploration of Women Owned Home-based Business Through Institutional Theory Lens: A Case of Peshawar, Pakistan","authors":"Madiha Gohar, Ayesha Abrar","doi":"10.34260/jaebs.623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34260/jaebs.623","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to explore the dynamics of women owned home-based businesses in the normative context of Peshawar. It helps to add to our understanding of how women create and manage their ventures and get legitimacy in a context where they live like second-class citizen with no rights. The study also highlights the impact of these ventures on their lives and household. A qualitative approach was used to explore the creation and management of women owned home-based businesses in the context of Peshawar. 20 women entrepreneurs were selected through purposive sampling technique. In-depth interviews were conducted to understand the lived experiences. Data was analyzed using thematic analysis. We have built on institutional theory to understand the creation and management of women owned home-based enterprises, which brought about unique insights into this ever-prevailing phenomenon. The findings of this study reveal that given the distinctive context of Peshawar, the role responsibilities of women are shaped through multiple socio-cultural and religious interpretations. Compliance to which, defines the grounds of negotiation for adopting an entrepreneurial career. This makes the venture creation a bounded phenomenon and highly dependent on the familial approval for which norms and values within normative context are negotiated. With familial approval, a home based women entrepreneur (HBWE) ensures her belongingness to the family mores. A legitimacy of HBWE is contingent upon the trust of the family members as an entrepreneur and home maker. At this level, she represents as role model by sharing control which enhances the cultural acceptability of home-based businesses (HBBs). This study has portrayed transition of HBWE through compliance, negotiating, belongingness, legitimacy, emancipation and empowerment.","PeriodicalId":300552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Economics and Business Studies","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123389699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Person-Organization Fit as determinant of Constructive Deviance Behavior: the mediating role of Psychological Ownership and the moderating role of Collectivist Orientation. A Conditional Process Analysis 个人组织契合对建设性越轨行为的决定作用:心理所有权的中介作用和集体主义取向的调节作用。条件过程分析

Journal of Applied Economics and Business Studies Pub Date : 2022-03-30 DOI: 10.34260/jaebs.612

Kamil Hussain, Saima Aftab, M. Chaudhry

{"title":"Person-Organization Fit as determinant of Constructive Deviance Behavior: the mediating role of Psychological Ownership and the moderating role of Collectivist Orientation. A Conditional Process Analysis","authors":"Kamil Hussain, Saima Aftab, M. Chaudhry","doi":"10.34260/jaebs.612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34260/jaebs.612","url":null,"abstract":"Deviant behaviors of employees have been into research considerations for long however, research on constructive deviance behaviors, keeping in view its non-contingency, still needs consideration. This study focuses on determining how Person-Organization Fit (P-O fit) predicts Constructive Deviance Behavior (CDB) among employees. To analyze the mechanism involved, Psychological Ownership (PO) is studied as a mediating mechanism between the direct relationship of person-organization fit and constructive deviance behaviors. Moreover, Collectivist Orientation (CO) is taken as a moderating variable on the relationship of psychological ownership and constructive deviance behaviors. A total of 561 managerial employees from informatics industry were included in the sample. Findings show that person-organization fit, psychological ownership and collectivist orientation were significantly related to constructive deviance behaviors. Psychological ownership mediates the link between person origination fit and construct deviance behaviors, while collectivist orientations moderate the relationship between psychological ownership and constructive deviance behaviors. At the low, moderate, and high levels of collectivist orientation (moderator), conditional indirect effects of person-organization fit on constructive deviance behaviors through psychological ownership (mediator) were significant. Future research studies may examine other antecedents (such as building coalition and networking) of constructive deviance behavior through other mediating mechanism (such as psychological empowerment), while the consequences (such as creative performance and innovative performance) of constructive deviance behaviors are also needed to be explored to create awareness about the positive side of deviance behaviors.","PeriodicalId":300552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Economics and Business Studies","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126951695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cost of Nutritious Diet for Children in Pakistan and Effects of Imminent Afghan Refugees on Existing Consumption Pattern 巴基斯坦儿童营养饮食的成本和即将到来的阿富汗难民对现有消费模式的影响

Journal of Applied Economics and Business Studies Pub Date : 2022-03-30 DOI: 10.34260/jaebs.613

Rahema Obaid, T. Ahmed, S. Davies, A. W. Rana

引用次数: 0

Impact of Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfer on Inter-Provincial Fiscal Disparity in Pakistan 政府间财政转移对巴基斯坦省际财政差异的影响

Journal of Applied Economics and Business Studies Pub Date : 2022-03-30 DOI: 10.34260/jaebs.615

Shabbir Ahmed, A. Fatima

{"title":"Impact of Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfer on Inter-Provincial Fiscal Disparity in Pakistan","authors":"Shabbir Ahmed, A. Fatima","doi":"10.34260/jaebs.615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34260/jaebs.615","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this research is to evaluate the disparity in the intergovernmental fiscal transfers to the sub-national governments, in the last four NFC awards specifically in the 7thNFC award in Pakistan. This study measures the disparity by employing two different approaches. Firstly coefficient of variation (C.V) approach i.e. variation in the regional own-source revenues to the variation in the total resource of regional government after inclusion of federal transfer and the own-source revenue, secondly, In addition, to estimate the impact of intergovernmental transfers on the fiscal disparity among the sub-national government this study uses panel data technique i.e. least square dummy variable (LSDV). The Results of fiscal disparity reflect that in Pakistan the disparity in combined regional own source revenue increases from 0.52 to 0.83 points during the last four NFC awards. However, at the sub-national level, the values of disparity remain constant at 0.16 in Sindh province which reflects fiscal efforts for the collection of own-source revenues among provinces. In contrast to this, the disparity increases in KPK, and its value reaches 0.240 in the existing award. The results of the empirical analysis also reveal that when the intergovernmental transfer increases by 1 percent the disparity ratio increases by 1.19percent. While the expenditure of the government increases the disparity at the sub-national level as the positive sign of the model reflects. Based on the findings this study suggests that Pakistan still needs to devise a revenue-sharing formula that encourages the efforts of optimal resource generation from the regional governments.","PeriodicalId":300552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Economics and Business Studies","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126510885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Crowding Out Effect of Tobacco Usage on Household Education and Health Expenditures - An Econometric Analysis 烟草使用对家庭教育和卫生支出的挤出效应——一个计量经济学分析

Journal of Applied Economics and Business Studies Pub Date : 2022-03-30 DOI: 10.34260/jaebs.614

Kashif Haneef, S. Iftikhar, A. Fatima

{"title":"Crowding Out Effect of Tobacco Usage on Household Education and Health Expenditures - An Econometric Analysis","authors":"Kashif Haneef, S. Iftikhar, A. Fatima","doi":"10.34260/jaebs.614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34260/jaebs.614","url":null,"abstract":"Tobacco consumption is growing day by day everywhere in the world in countless forms such as supari, tobacco raw, chew, pan, cigarettes, bidi and naswar etc. Tobacco consumption may avert the limited family resources far away from advantageous uses between low-slung income households. The relatively underprivileged households frequently allocate an ample share of the domestic budget on tobacco expenditures. These uneconomical expenditures on tobacco could be a diversion of household monetary resources from necessary things, such as foodstuff, healthcare and education. Explicitly this paper discovers the crowding-out impact of tobacco expenditures on a household’s education and health payouts. The facts for this study has been engaged from HIES (Household Integrated Economic Survey) conducted regularly by PBS (Pakistan Bureau of Statistics) that offers evidence at household level and covered the whole nation. The estimation has been carried out by employing the Engel Curves, the quadratic terms using QUAIDS (Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System) were found to be empirically important in describing household budget behavior. By employing data on outlays, study evaluated a user demand structure that comprises numerous main spending classifications (tobacco, education and healthcare). OLS (Ordinary Least Square) was used to estimate the effect of tobacco outlay and other covariates on share of education and health in the total budget of a household. The results found out were just alike John (2006) that a rise in the tobacco expenditure brings a reduction in the budget quota dedicated to health and education. The quantitative results aim to help the policy makers to formulate and apply such policies to restrict the consumption of tobacco products and diverting those expenses for the formation of human capital by increased spending on health and education.","PeriodicalId":300552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Economics and Business Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129397381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative Analysis of Private Equity Investments in Europe and the Asia-Pacific Region 欧洲和亚太地区私募股权投资的比较分析

Journal of Applied Economics and Business Studies Pub Date : 2022-03-30 DOI: 10.34260/jaebs.611

A. Khan, Muhammad Zubair Khan, Z. Khan

引用次数: 1