ACS Applied Bio Materials最新文献

{"title":"Viability and Surface Morphology of Human Erythrocytes upon Interaction with Chitosan Derivatives.","authors":"Evgeniya A Bezrodnykh, Marina G Holyavka, Tatyana N Belyaeva, Svetlana M Pankova, Valery G Artyukhov, Yurij A Antonov, Boris B Berezin, Inesa V Blagodatskikh, Vladimir E Tikhonov","doi":"10.1021/acsabm.4c00996","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsabm.4c00996","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The viability and surface morphology of human erythrocytes upon interaction with oligochitosan (OCH), having a molecular weight (MW) of 6.2-15.4 kDa and a degree of acetylation (DA) of 1-2%, and interaction with N-reacetylated OCH (ROCH) with a 6.4-14.3 kDa MW and 24-30% DA were studied in isotonic saline phosphate buffer with pH 7.4. It was shown that the use of OCH caused high hemolysis and irreversible transformation of the erythrocytes. Thus, OCH having a 6.2 kDa MW and 1% DA, used at a 0.01% concentration, induced high hemolysis of erythrocytes, and their viability did not exceed the maximal value of 60%. Among the nonhemolyzed erythrocytes, about 20% reversibly transformed erythrocytes and about 20% irreversibly transformed erythrocytes were observed in comparison with the control experiments. For the first time, it was shown that ROCHs had a much lower impact on the cells. Thus, about 82% of the erythrocytes had a discoid form, while 12% and ∼6% of the cells underwent reversible and irreversible transformations, respectively, in the presence of ROCH (MW 6.4, DA 24%), used at a 0.01% concentration. It was observed that an increase in the MW and concentration of chitosan derivatives led to a decrease in the cell viability. It was supposed that the complexation of chitosan derivatives with phosphate counterions in the buffer might reduce the impact of chitosan derivatives on the viability and surface morphology of erythrocytes due to a reduction in the average zeta-potential of chitosan derivative/phosphate complexes from positive to negative values. These results supported the suggestion that reacetylation and reduction of the overall charge of chitosan molecules could improve the compatibility of chitosan derivatives with erythrocytes. This finding opens an opportunity for the construction of chitosan derivatives and their complexes that are compatible with other blood forming elements.</p>","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":" ","pages":"1909-1920"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143389491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lyopreservation and Nonionic Decellularization of Human Amnion Scaffolds for Enhancing Regeneration in Chronic Nonhealing Ulcers.","authors":"Satarupa Sarkar, Jay Hind Rajput, Atharva A Poundarik","doi":"10.1021/acsabm.4c01711","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsabm.4c01711","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic nonhealing ulcers are responsible for considerable morbidity, given the increasing prevalence of type II diabetes and other comorbid conditions that further worsen healing. This study introduced shelf-stable decellularized and lyopreserved human amnion grafts for treating difficult-to-heal wounds. The processing approach (comprising a unique combination of nonionic surfactants and trehalose lyopreservation) applied to develop these bioscaffolds maximized the retention of sulfated glycosaminoglycans while enhancing both tensile property and hydrophilicity. Postprocessing, the tensile properties were found to be similar to human skin (5.33 ± 2.45 MPa). Additionally, the surface hydrophilicity of the lyopreserved grafts was increased. It also exhibited optimum moisture transmissibility (evaluated as per BS EN 13726-2 standards), similar to moist wound dressing (1625 ± 375 g/m²/day). Biochemical attributes including total acid-soluble proteins (481.140 ± 14.95 μg/mL) and collagen (9.01 ± 0.15 mg/mL) were well retained as compared to the fresh membrane. Notably, the sulfated glycosaminoglycan content of the processed grafts was well conserved (there was only a 21.14% reduction, which was substantially lower than the reduction achieved by conventionally used surfactants for processing biological tissues). The regenerative efficacy of these bioactive scaffolds was evaluated through preclinical testing in a diabetic rodent wound model. It showed a 50% reduction in time to heal compared to the standard of care dressings, supported by increased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in the healed tissues. This can be collectively attributed to the conservation of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and the enhanced scaffold tensile quality, which play key roles in promoting angiogenesis, and tissue regeneration in diabetic wound beds. As a result, these grafts are well suited for a variety of soft tissue reconstruction applications and can also serve as bioactive scaffolds for culturing autologous cells, making them versatile tools in regenerative medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":" ","pages":"2151-2166"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blue TiO₂-Based Photocatalysis under Ambient Indoor Light for Prolonged Food Storage.","authors":"Kim My Tran, Joosung Kim, Hyun Ko, Silambarasan Perumal, Kainat Talat, Xiaodong Shao, Hyoyoung Lee","doi":"10.1021/acsabm.4c01943","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsabm.4c01943","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Conventional food preservation techniques often require external devices, increasing costs and posing challenges in maintaining food quality. In this study, we developed blue titanium dioxide-tungsten trioxide-carboxymethyl cellulose (BTO-WO₃-CMC) photocatalyst surfaces integrated onto inert substrates for food preservation. The inclusion of CMC enhanced <i>Z</i>-scheme heterojunction formation, improving visible light absorption, as confirmed by ultraviolet-visible spectra. Sodium silicate (SS) improved adhesion between BTO-WO₃-CMC and the target substrate via hydrogen bonding. Analysis with X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) confirmed the crystalline integrity of BTO and WO₃ and a consistent coating smoothness. BTO-WO₃-CMC coatings extended the shelf life of strawberries to 14 days under ambient indoor lighting at 600 lx. Optimal preservation was achieved with a 0.01 g, 4 μm thick catalyst coating. Comparative experiments showed BTO-WO₃-CMC's superior efficacy over P25-WO₃-CMC and BTO-CMC. The coating was nontoxic in darkness and minimally reduced cell viability under room light. Antibacterial effects, attributed to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, were confirmed against <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>) and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (<i>S. aureus</i>). This study presents a noninvasive, device-free method to extend food longevity, presenting a promising solution to the food waste challenge.</p>","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":" ","pages":"2506-2518"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143466588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Polyacrylic Acid with Different Molecular Weights on Stress Generation through Regulating the Growth of Calcium Carbonate within Collagen.","authors":"Qianshen Tang, Jiawei Nie, Weijian Fang, Hao Xie, Weimin Wang, Hao Wang, Hang Ping, Bin Li, Zhengyi Fu","doi":"10.1021/acsabm.4c01878","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsabm.4c01878","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mineralized collagen fibrils are the building blocks of bone, and the mineralization of collagen fibrils is generally regulated by noncollagenous proteins (NCPs). However, the functions of NCPs are difficult to investigate in vivo. Here, we use poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) with different molecular weights (5, 50, 450, and 4000 kDa) as analogs of NCPs and explore their effects on collagen mineralization in vitro. All the PAA molecules can promote the intrafibrillar mineralization of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) following these steps: the precursors infiltrate the gap zones of collagen, and transform into organized calcite nanocrystals within collagen. An increase in molecular weight significantly accelerates the mineralization rate of collagen films, approximately 0.67 μm min^-1 at 4000 kDa, four times that of 5 kDa (0.16 μm min^-1). However, the generation of contractile stress via intrafibrillar mineralization in tendons exhibits a contrary tendency. It reaches 24.2 MPa at 5 kDa, much higher than that of 4000 kDa (8.3 MPa), due to rapid mineralization causing severe extrafibrillar precipitation around the tendon. The controllable mineralization of collagen matrices may inspire the development of bone repair and regeneration in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":" ","pages":"2386-2396"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143527779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Transportation on the Suitability of Cryopreserved Corneal Lenticule for Implantation.","authors":"Jenetta Y W Soo, Gabriel Tan, Evelina Han, Kenny P Y Boey, Yu-Chi Liu, Jodhbir S Mehta, Andri K Riau","doi":"10.1021/acsabm.4c01632","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsabm.4c01632","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Corneal lenticules can be deposited and retrieved for vision-restoring surgeries. Extended transportation logistical delays from the lenticule bank to the clinic could be a concern. To investigate this, corneal lenticules were cryopreserved at a Ministry of Health of Singapore-licensed lenticule bank for 1 year and were then transported at 4 °C. The transparency was measured daily until significant degradation was notable, compared to fresh lenticules from donor corneas (<i>n</i> = 3). The molecular and ultrastructural integrity of lenticules after 1 day in transport (<i>n</i> = 3) and on the day of transparency deterioration (<i>n</i> = 3) was evaluated by histochemistry and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In addition, 9 rabbits were implanted with these lenticules to assess the difference in postoperative outcomes by corneal imaging, immunofluorescence staining, and TEM. Lenticules showed a significant transparency reduction after 6 days in transit (<i>p</i> = 0.002). The change was not caused by collagen, glycosaminoglycan, and glycoprotein alterations but by a significantly greater shift in the distribution of the interfibrillar distance (IFD) (<i>Z</i> = 4.419; <i>p</i> < 0.001) and fibrillar diameter (FD) (<i>Z</i> = 6.435; <i>p</i> < 0.001). When implanted, day 6 lenticules exhibited greater light reflectivity and slower recovery of clarity compared to fresher lenticules, despite a combination of corneal imaging and immunofluorescence staining showing no fibrosis, inflammation, or vascularization in either group. With TEM, the discrepancy was revealed due to the difference in the restoration of IFD and FD distribution. In conclusion, banked lenticules can maintain transparency for up to 5 days of transportation at 4 °C. Further delays compromise their ultrastructural integrity and postoperative clarity, emphasizing the need to factor in transportation in lenticule banking logistics.</p>","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":" ","pages":"2065-2077"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143555263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multicompartmental Hydrogel Microspheres with a Concentric Thin Oil Layer: Protecting and Targeting Therapeutic Agents for Inflammatory Bowel Disease.","authors":"Hye-Seon Jeong, Yoon Choi, Do-Wan Kim, Jae-Young Je, Sei-Jung Lee, Chang-Hyung Choi","doi":"10.1021/acsabm.4c01763","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsabm.4c01763","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although oral delivery of therapeutic agents offers numerous benefits, its application is limited due to the digestive tract's harsh conditions (e.g., strong acidity and high osmolarity), which impair activity and create challenges in achieving targeted release into the intestine. Here, we present multicompartmental hydrogel microspheres equipped with a concentric oil layer to significantly enhance the oral drug delivery efficiency for treating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). These microspheres are created through the utilization of triple-emulsion droplets, featuring intermediate oil layers that distinctively separate two prepolymer phases, allowing us to fine-tune the composition of each compartment through a tailored polymerization strategy. We demonstrate that the oil layer can protect the encapsulated material by preventing exposure to the acidic environment of the stomach during the digestive process. Unlike aqueous core capsules, the core is composed of hydrogel, which provides high stability even under high osmolarity conditions in the stomach. By fine-tuning the shell's composition, we can develop capsules that release selectively in response to the gut's pH conditions. We demonstrate the system's efficacy by preserving the anti-inflammatory activities of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) and Lys-Pro-Val (KPV) under stomach conditions and maintaining their therapeutic effects on colonic epithelial cell migration and proliferation.</p>","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":" ","pages":"2251-2262"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143602937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction of \"Development and Immunological Evaluation of a Multiantigen Thermostable Nanovaccine Adjuvanted with T-Cell-Activating Scaffold for African Swine Fever\".","authors":"Lidan Sun, Jinsong Zhang, Lijun Shi, Yuanli Peng, Xiangning Feng, Fang Huang, Feixia Yang, Jinyu Li, Shuo Wang, Jingqi Niu, Jinling Liu, Yingjun Li, Shanhu Li, Zeliang Chen","doi":"10.1021/acsabm.5c00194","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsabm.5c00194","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":" ","pages":"2631"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143456238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing the Efficiency of Twin Boron Nitride and Graphene Monolayers for Anticancer Drug Delivery: Insights from DFT.","authors":"Basant Roondhe, Rajeev Ahuja, Wei Luo","doi":"10.1021/acsabm.4c01507","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsabm.4c01507","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An extensive amount of research has been focused on the development of state-of-the-art methodologies for drug administration. In this study, we have utilized density functional theory (DFT) for assessing the ability of a Twin monolayer of boron nitride and graphene, i.e., Twin-BN and Twin-Gr monolayer, as a carrier for delivering four anticancer drugs (ACDs) 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), gemcitabine (GC), cyclophosphamide (CP), and mercaptopurine (6-MP). Also, the properties of all drug molecules along with the Twin-BN and Twin-Gr and the complex of the ACD-Twin-BN/Gr monolayer were investigated to explore the usefulness of the Twin-BN and Twin-Gr monolayer as ACD carrier. The interaction between the monolayers and ACDs confirmed that the adsorption is feasible as the adsorption energy ranged from -0.41 eV to -0.95 eV in the case of Twin-BN, while it ranged from -0.43 eV to -0.61 eV in the case of Twin-Gr. Additionally, the change in the band gap of the Twin-BN and Twin-Gr monolayers after the adsorption of ACDs was considerable. We can conclude that among both monolayers, Twin-BN can be utilized as a highly effective carrier for delivering ACDs. Our findings showed that the monolayer Twin-BN could be explored as a drug transporter for highly efficient carrying of the considered ACDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":" ","pages":"2015-2026"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11921028/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143370103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomimetic Elastomer-Clay Nanocomposite Hydrogels with Control of Biological Chemicals for Soft Tissue Engineering and Wound Healing.","authors":"Sungkwon Yoon, Biqiong Chen","doi":"10.1021/acsabm.4c01944","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsabm.4c01944","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Resilient hydrogels are of great interest in soft tissue applications, such as soft tissue engineering and wound healing, with their biomimetic mechanical and hydration properties. A critical aspect in designing hydrogels for healthcare is their functionalities to control the surrounding biological environments to optimize the healing process. Herein, we have created an elastomer-clay nanocomposite hydrogel system with biomimetic mechanical behavior and sustained drug delivery of bioactive components and malodorous diamine-controlling properties. These hydrogels were prepared by a combined approach of melt intercalation of poly(ethylene glycol) and montmorillonite clay, followed by <i>in situ</i> cross-linking with a branched poly(glycerol sebacate) prepolymer. The hydration, vapor transmission, and surface wettability of the hydrogels were readily controlled by varying the clay content. Their mechanical properties were also modulated to mimic the Young's moduli (ranging between 12.6 and 105.2 kPa), as well as good flexibility and stretchability of soft tissues. A porous scaffold with interconnected pore structures as well as full and instant shape recovery was fabricated from a selected nanocomposite to demonstrate its potential applications as soft tissue scaffolds and wound healing materials. Biodegradability and biocompatibility were tested <i>in vitro</i>, showing controllable degradation kinetics with clay and no evidence of cytotoxicity. With the high surface area and absorption capacity of the clay, sustained drug delivery of a proangiogenic agent of 17β-estradiol as a model drug and the ability to control the malodorous diamines were both achieved. This elastomer-clay nanocomposite hydrogel system with a three-dimensional interconnected porous scaffold architecture and controllable hydration, mechanical, and biodegradable properties, as well as good biocompatibility and the ability to control the biological chemical species of the surrounding environments, has great potential in soft tissue engineering and wound healing.</p>","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":" ","pages":"2492-2505"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11921026/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143456234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Osteogenesis Differentiation and Molecular Mechanism Study of a Si and Mg Dual-Ion System Based on mRNA Transcriptomic Sequencing Analysis.","authors":"Xinyuan Yuan, Tingting Wu, Teliang Lu, Jiandong Ye","doi":"10.1021/acsabm.4c01937","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsabm.4c01937","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Both silicon (Si) and magnesium (Mg) ions play essential roles in bone health. However, the precise mechanisms by which these two ions enhance osteogenic differentiation remain to be fully elucidated. Herein, a Si-Mg dual-ion system was designed to investigate the effects of Si and Mg ions on the cytological behavior of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (mBMSCs). The molecular mechanism of the Si-Mg dual-ion system regulating osteogenic differentiation of mBMSCs was investigated by transcriptome sequencing technology. In the single-ion system, the Si group with concentrations of 1.5 and 0.75 mM exhibited good combined effects (cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and osteogenic differentiation gene expression (Runx2, OPN, and Col-I)) of mBMSCs. The Mg group with concentrations of 5 and 2.5 mM showed better combined effects (cell proliferation, ALP activity, and osteogenic differentiation gene expression) of mBMSCs. In the dual-ion system, the silicon (0.75 mM)-magnesium (2.5 mM) experimental group significantly enhanced the proliferation, ALP activity, and osteogenesis-related gene expression (Runx2, OPN, and Col-I) of mBMSCs. The analysis of transcriptome sequencing results showed that Mg ions had a certain pro-stem cell osteogenic differentiation regulatory effect. Si ions had a stronger regulation on osteogenic differentiation than the Mg ions. The regulation of osteogenic differentiation by Si-Mg dual ions was synergistically enhanced compared to that of a single ion. In addition, the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway were involved in mediating the pro-stem cell osteogenic differentiation by Si-Mg dual ions. This study sheds light on investigating the molecular mechanism of dual-ion regulation of the osteogenic differentiation of mBMSCs and enriches the theory of ion-regulating osteogenic differentiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":" ","pages":"2482-2491"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143475868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}