{"title":"Advancing UAV security with artificial intelligence: A comprehensive survey of techniques and future directions","authors":"Fadhila Tlili , Samiha Ayed , Lamia Chaari Fourati","doi":"10.1016/j.iot.2024.101281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iot.2024.101281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have become an integral part of modern smart cities and systems. However, the proliferation of UAVs has also brought a significant security concern. Therefore, UAVs security has attracted the interest of researchers in the field. To safeguard these leading devices, researchers and developers adopted artificial intelligence (AI) to improve the security system. Besides, emerging AI frameworks have entirely changed the landscape of UAVs quality of experience (QoE) by contributing to diverse issues. Meanwhile, owing to the novelty of the subject, AI-based frameworks for UAVs security were not carefully surveyed. The purpose of this study is to present a comprehensive survey of AI-based solutions for UAVs security provisioning through different techniques and algorithms. We assess and identify the recent AI solutions and the open research problems in the emerging field of UAV security. The study begins with an overview of UAV basics, their primary components, and the different communication links among networked UAVs. In addition, the paper explores UAVs security issues, threats, and attacks. This led to a discussion of proposed AI-based solutions for prevention and detection. Moreover, the paper categorizes AI-based solutions for UAV security and proposes a taxonomy to organize these approaches effectively. Finally, the review identifies open issues and future directions, offering valuable insights for researchers. The study methodology includes an extensive review of relevant publications in the past five years across UAVs, cyber-attacks, and AI. Therefore, this review presents an essential resource for understanding the current landscape of AI-based solutions for UAV security.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29968,"journal":{"name":"Internet of Things","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141606572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Personal Autonomy and Human Corporeality: What Protects the Right to Personal Integrity?","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.iot.2024.101279","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.iot.2024.101279","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper discusses the controversial and evolving nature of the right to personal integrity in the context of modern legal discourse, with a specific focus on its intersection with bodily boundaries and bio- and digital technologies. It points out that the traditional understanding of this right may no longer be sufficient to protect individuals, especially given the advancements in digital technologies, the Internet of bodies (IoB), as well as the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p>This research highlights the ongoing debate and legal complexities surrounding the right to personal integrity and personal autonomy, especially in the face of technological advancements, and suggests the need for a broader perspective to safeguard human dignity and physicality, both in the physical and digital domains. For these purposes, the evolving legal landscape is explored, with reference to the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) and the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR).</p><p>We believe that the classic concept of the right to personal integrity no longer ensures the security of the individual, and in order to achieve this goal, it is necessary to expand its scope taking into account the human dignity, especially in the context of the continuous progress of bio- and digital technologies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29968,"journal":{"name":"Internet of Things","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141698608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Drift-based task management in support of pervasive edge applications","authors":"Thanasis Moustakas, Kostas Kolomvatsos","doi":"10.1016/j.iot.2024.101277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iot.2024.101277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Internet of Things (IoT) creates a sprawling network where multiple devices can interact, enabling a variety of devices to communicate, collect information, and carry out tasks in support of services that end users may enjoy. Edge Computing, known for its lower latency compared to the Cloud, has sparked interest in managing the execution of tasks within a huge ecosystem that acts as a cover upon the IoT infrastructure. The primary challenge lies in maximizing the use of limited edge resources while minimizing response time, prompting numerous research endeavors. However, existing efforts often overlook shifts in the collected data that may affect the execution of tasks and the production of knowledge. This paper focuses on developing a mechanism that considers data and concept drifts to optimize the management of tasks. The ultimate goal is to maximize the accuracy levels while optimizing resource utilization, through a tasks’ offloading scheme that accounts for distribution-based similarity, offering substantial benefits in managing these constrained resources efficiently. The shifts in data can help determine if the execution of a task is efficient in a specific node and become part of a reasoning model that guides the offloading decisions. Finally, we evaluate our model using a large set of experimental scenarios.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29968,"journal":{"name":"Internet of Things","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141582132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammed Riyadh Abdmeziem , Hiba Akli , Rima Zourane , Amina Ahmed Nacer
{"title":"Towards a distributed nodes selection mechanism for federated learning applied to blockchain-based IoT","authors":"Mohammed Riyadh Abdmeziem , Hiba Akli , Rima Zourane , Amina Ahmed Nacer","doi":"10.1016/j.iot.2024.101276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iot.2024.101276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Integrating blockchain (BC) with Federated Learning (FL) shows promise but presents challenges, particularly in the selection of the most appropriate IoT nodes for sensitive tasks. Existing Artificial Intelligence (AI) based approaches are tailored to dynamic environments, but they are complex and resource-intensive. On the other hand, score-based methods are faster to implement but lack flexibility. In this paper, we propose a two-step hybrid solution which uses the reputation score approach to train a DRL model, creating a framework that combines the efficiency of deterministic methods with the adaptability of AI-based solutions. In fact, we designed a score-based method relying on devices attributes and behavior making the system operational from the outset. Also, this allows the gathering of relevant real-time data for training the DRL model. Besides, the variations in the performances of IoT devices pose a challenge in achieving synchronous aggregation. To address this, we designed a multi-level aggregation mechanism, which allows local models to be uploaded to the BC, where an aggregator is in charge of validation. The validated models are then aggregated into intermediate models. This process continues until a global model is formed. To evaluate our approach, we created several simulation scenarios including the number of nodes to assess scalability, the dropout rate to estimate availability, and the percentage of malicious nodes to evaluate the robustness of the system against attacks. These experiments aimed to demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach. The obtained results are promising highlighting its robustness and flexibility showing improved performance, security, and availability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29968,"journal":{"name":"Internet of Things","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141582385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carmen Sánchez-Zas, Xavier Larriva-Novo, Víctor A. Villagrá, Diego Rivera, Andrés Marín-Lopez
{"title":"A methodology for ontology-based interoperability of dynamic risk assessment frameworks in IoT environments","authors":"Carmen Sánchez-Zas, Xavier Larriva-Novo, Víctor A. Villagrá, Diego Rivera, Andrés Marín-Lopez","doi":"10.1016/j.iot.2024.101267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iot.2024.101267","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Proper cyber risk management is essential for organizations to make informed decisions and avoid potential financial losses, reputational damage, operational disruptions and other negative impacts. To this end, different institutions have defined risk analysis and risk management methodologies to address the problem and monitor cyber security in organizations. In this aspect, ontologies provide a very powerful tool for interoperability in risk management, given the heterogeneity of input information considered in the different steps of each framework and the ability they provide to perform logical reasoning in order to infer new knowledge. Throughout this study we analyze the different properties of some of the methodologies with the highest adoption rate, proposing an interoperable framework based on an ontology that allows compatibility between different systems, with a dynamic, flexible and efficient operation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29968,"journal":{"name":"Internet of Things","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2542660524002087/pdfft?md5=9ae8797eb071b80c7d8af8828d638e33&pid=1-s2.0-S2542660524002087-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141582383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"SAFE: An ICT platform for supporting monitoring, localization and rescue operations in case of earthquake","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.iot.2024.101273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.iot.2024.101273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Earthquakes are unpredictable natural events that cause a high number of casualties every year. During an earthquake, furniture and mobile equipment can either become obstacles or act as passive life safety systems by providing safe shelter for people involved in the event. The combination of Internet of Things (IoT) devices and anti-seismic furniture could serve as a means to transform them into intelligent protection systems to protect people in case of an earthquake, facilitating their detection and localization during the rescue operations through the integration of a supportive Information and Communication Technology (ICT) infrastructure. In this article, we report about the design and development of the SAFE ICT Platform which comprises wireless IoT devices integrated into anti-seismic furniture that activate in response to earthquakes to signal the presence of individuals needing rescue. The SAFE ICT Platform also includes local and cloud computing systems for device management and monitoring, alongside a localization and support system to assist rescuers in pinpointing and aiding individuals. A comprehensive evaluation scenario of the proposed solution is also discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29968,"journal":{"name":"Internet of Things","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2542660524002142/pdfft?md5=2c87d21dff5739b6deb18fc794d75169&pid=1-s2.0-S2542660524002142-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141622331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Muñoz, R.A. González Morales, J.A. Sánchez-Molina
{"title":"Comparative analysis of agricultural IoT systems: Case studies IoF2020 and CyberGreen","authors":"M. Muñoz, R.A. González Morales, J.A. Sánchez-Molina","doi":"10.1016/j.iot.2024.101261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iot.2024.101261","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Internet of Things (IoT) has revolutionized the agro-industrial sensor field, introducing new monitoring systems that go beyond traditional machine-to-machine (M2M) communication. This article reviews various IoT systems dedicated to data acquisition in the agro-industrial sector, with a particular emphasis on their monitoring capabilities and limitations in challenging environments such as greenhouses. The research involves testing different commercial systems using IoT stations. Given the complexity of monitoring climate and irrigation variables within greenhouses, these systems must withstand extreme weather conditions while ensuring robustness and quality in data collection. The article highlights the requirements and characteristics essential for effective monitoring, thereby providing valuable insights into the selection and optimization of data loggers in agricultural settings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29968,"journal":{"name":"Internet of Things","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2542660524002026/pdfft?md5=a9e452342d0bb29b4256429a1a7870d8&pid=1-s2.0-S2542660524002026-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141582382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"European Citizenship and the Concept of Digital Self","authors":"Sanja Ivic","doi":"10.1016/j.iot.2024.101274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iot.2024.101274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Postmodern theory can be viewed as a new roadmap for interconnection between European citizenship and digitalization. This paper emphasizes that the concept of the digital self based on the postmodernist idea of identity might serve as a roadmap for the relationship between digitalization and European citizenship. In addition to providing a framework for the study of EU citizenship and digital citizenship, postmodernism can be used to challenge essentialist claims about these two concepts by presenting an anti-foundationalist perspective that takes heterogeneous and fluid identities into account Another roadmap for the interconnection of European citizenship and digitization is the better development of digital human rights in the European context. This paper emphasizes that the main shortcoming of the <em>European Declaration on Digital Rights and Principles</em> is that it does not include the concept of human dignity on which the idea of human rights is based and which is emphasized by the <em>Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union</em> and other European legal documents. Nevertheless, it should be remembered that the idea of human rights is dynamic and constantly evolving.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29968,"journal":{"name":"Internet of Things","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141606570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"VegaEdge: Edge AI confluence for real-time IoT-applications in highway safety","authors":"Vinit Katariya, Fatema-E- Jannat, Armin Danesh Pazho, Ghazal Alinezhad Noghre, Hamed Tabkhi","doi":"10.1016/j.iot.2024.101268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iot.2024.101268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Traditional highway safety and monitoring solutions, reliant on surveillance cameras, face limitations due to their dependence on high-speed internet connectivity and the remote processing of Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms. This reliance introduces latency, undermining the real-time detection and analysis crucial for highway applications. The fusion of AI with the Internet of Things (IoT) opens new avenues for highway safety and surveillance innovation. Yet, most existing solutions are confined to vehicle detection and tracking, hindered by edge-IoT platforms’ limited power and processing capabilities. Addressing these limitations, this paper presents VegaEdge, an AI framework optimized for edge-IoT devices capable of real-time vehicle detection and tracking, trajectory forecasting, and identifying anomalous driving behaviors, such as road departures, sudden stops, and hazardous merges. A novel lightweight anomaly detection algorithm based on trajectory prediction is used for identifying hazardous driving on highways. VegaEdge demonstrates its versatility and efficiency across various traffic conditions and roadway configurations and has been evaluated on platforms like the Nvidia Jetson Orin and Xavier NX. The Nvidia Jetson Orin processes up to 738 trajectories per second and detects up to 140 vehicles in a single frame. Additionally, the Carolinas Anomaly Dataset (CAD) an extension of the Carolinas Highway Dataset (CHD) is introduced. While CHD consists of standard highway vehicle videos and trajectories, CAD includes video data of anomalous driving behaviors, providing a crucial resource for enhancing anomaly detection algorithms. CAD is available at <span>https://github.com/TeCSAR-UNCC/Carolinas_Dataset#chd-anomaly-test-set</span><svg><path></path></svg>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29968,"journal":{"name":"Internet of Things","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141582131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Distance-based dynamic caching and replacement strategy in NDN-IoT networks","authors":"Subodh Mishra , Vinod Kumar Jain , Koichi Gyoda , Samkit Jain","doi":"10.1016/j.iot.2024.101264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iot.2024.101264","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The amount of data on the Internet has risen noticeably due to the exponential increase in the number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Recently, Information-Centric Networking (ICN) is acknowledged as a suitable framework for creating IoT network protocols. One notable feature of ICN is in-network caching, which stores the data packets on intermediate routers/nodes that can be accessed by the subscribers when required. This work proposes a novel Distance-based dynamic caching and replacement strategy (DBDCRS) which involves a light weight calculation that utilizes the request aggregation to find the request weight of the requests stored in Pending interest table (PIT) and node weight of a node based on the distance from the subscriber and IoT publisher to accomplish the caching decision. To eliminate the data redundancy, the scheme caches a particular content on a single node along the specific interest-data path. Additionally, a custom cache replacement policy is introduced which retains the essential contents in cache. Simulation results show that our proposed DBDCRS scheme outperform other in-network cache placement schemes in terms of cache hit ratio, server hit reduction ratio, average response latency, and energy consumption.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29968,"journal":{"name":"Internet of Things","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141539932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}