Cyber resilience in e-governance: A review of strategies, challenges, and directions

Abstract

As governments worldwide increasingly use digital platforms to deliver services, integrated security strategies within electronic governance (e-governance) systems are now imperative. This study provides a comprehensive review of the cybersecurity methods in e-governance focused on improving resilience and ensuring secure functioning in digital government services. It evaluates the challenges in cybersecurity frameworks, focusing on data breaches, illegal access, and emerging threats from sophisticated cyberattacks. In addition, it provides an overview of the prevailing security methods used in various global e-governance systems. Furthermore, it identifies the gaps in the literature and provides scope for further research by reviewing the current practices for enhancing e-governance security. This research highlights the persistent challenges of law-enforcing, implementing policies, and addressing underlying issues that hinder the adoption of cybersecurity measures. This work combines a wide range of global strategies and scholarly initiatives to give a unified view of present challenges and future work directions, especially when using AI and blockchain and being ready for developments after quantum computing. This study aims to enhance understanding of the development of resilient e-governance systems that are secure, adaptive, and capable of withstanding the evolving cyberthreat landscape.