Internet of Things最新文献_第5页

Gateway configuration in 2.4 GHz LoRa networks

IF 6 3区计算机科学

Internet of Things Pub Date : 2025-03-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.iot.2025.101567

Dimitrios Zorbas , Luigi Di Puglia Pugliese , Ruana Saduakhas , Francesca Guerriero

{"title":"Gateway configuration in 2.4 GHz LoRa networks","authors":"Dimitrios Zorbas , Luigi Di Puglia Pugliese , Ruana Saduakhas , Francesca Guerriero","doi":"10.1016/j.iot.2025.101567","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.iot.2025.101567","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The LoRa radio technology has been recently expanded into the 2.4 GHz spectrum, which offers advantages such as increased bandwidth and global regulation compatibility. 2.4 GHz LoRa promises higher data rates and throughput, crucial for data-intensive industrial applications. It maintains key features such as long-range communication and low power consumption, making it suitable for various industrial Internet of Things (IoT) applications. However, 2.4 GHz gateways face challenges due to their design limitations that require only one Spreading Factor (SF) setting and channel to be assigned to each of the four available transceivers. This design limits the number of available options that the end-devices (EDs) can have and leads to resource allocation problems. To this extent, this paper presents a gateway configuration problem for 2.4 GHz LoRa gateways, mainly aiming at providing a trade-off between energy consumption and fairness among end-devices. A bi-objective optimization problem is introduced, which is solved by considering a convex combination of two objective functions. A <span><math><mi>λ</mi></math></span> <span><math><mrow><mo>∈</mo><mrow><mo>[</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>]</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> coefficient is employed to discover a Pareto optimal solution between the two objectives. Due to the high computational complexity of the integer linear programming (ILP) approach, two practical heuristics with lower computation costs are also proposed. Simulation results show that the proposed approaches exhibit better fairness and packet reception ratio (PRR) compared to the static configuration of gateways. Moreover, the results reveal that <span><math><mi>λ</mi></math></span> is capable of providing a trade-off between fairness and energy efficiency. The findings are confirmed by conducting experiments on a small-scale testbed consisting of 16 ESP32 devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29968,"journal":{"name":"Internet of Things","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 101567"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143636671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A robust IoT architecture for smart inverters in microgrids using hybrid deep learning and signal processing against adversarial attacks 利用混合深度学习和信号处理技术对抗对抗性攻击，为微电网中的智能逆变器设计稳健的物联网架构

IF 6 3区计算机科学

Internet of Things Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.iot.2025.101576

Mahmoud Elsisi , Shimaa Bergies

{"title":"A robust IoT architecture for smart inverters in microgrids using hybrid deep learning and signal processing against adversarial attacks","authors":"Mahmoud Elsisi , Shimaa Bergies","doi":"10.1016/j.iot.2025.101576","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.iot.2025.101576","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing autonomy and deployment of cyber-physical systems, particularly power electronics-based inverters within microgrids, has heightened their vulnerability to cyber threats, such as False Data Injection (FDI) and adversarial attacks, which can compromise the integrity of data exchanged across communication networks. To address these security concerns, this paper proposes a new Internet of Things (IoT) architecture that integrates a hybrid approach combining 2-D Convolutional Neural Networks (2-D CNN) with Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) for enhanced cyberattack detection. The framework is designed to detect and mitigate adversarial perturbations, focusing on FDI and other attack vectors targeting the communication infrastructure of smart inverters. By transforming raw data into images using CWT, the framework enables efficient statistical feature extraction, enhancing learning accuracy to approximately 98.9 %, outperforming other models. Additionally, it reduces the computational load of signal processing, achieving a processing time of just 0.0548 s. The proposed deep learning model is tested against various levels of cyber perturbations, and its performance is benchmarked against other deep learning and machine learning techniques. The framework is validated using real-time data from a practical distribution system equipped with smart inverters, demonstrating its effectiveness in safeguarding microgrids from cyber threats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29968,"journal":{"name":"Internet of Things","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 101576"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143697480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bluetooth low energy indoor positioning: A fingerprinting neural network approach

IF 6 3区计算机科学

Internet of Things Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.iot.2025.101565

Alberto Ferrero-López, Antonio Javier Gallego, Miguel Angel Lozano

{"title":"Bluetooth low energy indoor positioning: A fingerprinting neural network approach","authors":"Alberto Ferrero-López, Antonio Javier Gallego, Miguel Angel Lozano","doi":"10.1016/j.iot.2025.101565","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.iot.2025.101565","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the application of neural networks in indoor positioning using BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy) and the Fingerprinting location technique. The methodology involves two main phases: the capture and filtering process, where received BLE signals are smoothed and combined into fingerprint vectors, and the subsequent location prediction phase, which compares the position estimation from eight neural network designs and the classical trilateration method. We conduct a performance comparative analysis of each prediction method and study the optimal parameter values for the capturing and filtering processes. The research underscores the limitations of training metrics in reflecting real-world performance, emphasizing the importance of testing models on actual trajectories. Results indicate that regression neural networks outperform classification ones, and a complex dense neural network model proves most versatile and stable across testing scenarios. Our approach achieves a mean error of 1.9 meters, surpassing existing accuracies of 3.7 meters for trilateration and 3.1 meters for state-of-the-art neural network designs, thus holding promise for significantly improving indoor positioning accuracy with practical implications across various domains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29968,"journal":{"name":"Internet of Things","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 101565"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143628386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Secure UAV routing with Gannet Optimization and Shepard Networks 利用 Gannet 优化和 Shepard 网络确保无人飞行器路由安全

IF 6 3区计算机科学

Internet of Things Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.iot.2025.101575

R Yuvaraj , Velliangiri Sarveshwaran

{"title":"Secure UAV routing with Gannet Optimization and Shepard Networks","authors":"R Yuvaraj , Velliangiri Sarveshwaran","doi":"10.1016/j.iot.2025.101575","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.iot.2025.101575","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent times, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) networks have been extensively employed in civilian and military scenarios. However, they are also highly susceptible to threats from adversaries owing to its distributed nature. To ensure reliable and secure functioning of smaller drones, designing a robust network architecture and applying tailored privacy as well as security mechanisms is important. This research presents a Gannet Weaving Optimization Algorithm based Adversarial Shepard Convolutional Spinal Network (GWOA+Adversarial ShCSpinalNet) for efficient routing and malicious detection in UAV. Initially, the UAV network is simulated, and then, routing is accomplished utilizing the Gannet Weaving Optimization Algorithm (GWOA) by considering the multi-objectives. The GWAO is designed by incorporating Gannet Optimization Algorithm (GOA) with Carpet Weaving Optimization (CWO). Here, energy prediction is accomplished by a Dilated Residual Network (DRN). Thereafter, data communication is performed by monitoring agents. Then, malicious detection is carried out employing Adversarial ShCSpinalNet by a decision-making agent, wherein packet delivery, round trip time, signal strength count of incoming packets and size of packet are considered as attributes. Moreover, Adversarial ShCSpinalNet is introduced by combining Shepard Convolutional Neural Network (ShCNN) and SpinalNet with an adversarial loss function. Thereafter, attack mitigation is conducted by a defensive agent. The GWOA+Adversarial ShCSpinalNet attained a maximal detection rate of 94.827 %, energy of 44.755J and Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) of 76.446 % as well as a minimal delay of 0.553ms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29968,"journal":{"name":"Internet of Things","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 101575"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143628385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Deep Learning-Based Cyberattack Detection Method for Transmission Line Differential Relays

IF 6 3区计算机科学

Internet of Things Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.iot.2025.101574

Mohamed Elgamal , Abdelfattah A. Eladl , Bishoy E. Sedhom , Ahmed N. Sheta , Ahmed Refaat , A. Abdel Menaem

{"title":"A Deep Learning-Based Cyberattack Detection Method for Transmission Line Differential Relays","authors":"Mohamed Elgamal , Abdelfattah A. Eladl , Bishoy E. Sedhom , Ahmed N. Sheta , Ahmed Refaat , A. Abdel Menaem","doi":"10.1016/j.iot.2025.101574","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.iot.2025.101574","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cyberattacks on power systems have increased, posing serious threats to control systems and protective relays. Line differential relays (LDRs) are widely used to protect critical transmission lines due to their fast, selective, and sensitive operation. However, despite these advantages, LDRs remain vulnerable to cyberattacks as they rely on communications to exchange measurements, which can be compromised. This paper proposes a new deep learning-based cyberattack detection method to detect false-tripping and missed-tripping/fault-masking cyberattacks targeting LDRs. The proposed scheme relies solely on LDR's local measurements, enhancing its security compared to previous solutions, as local measurements are more difficult for hackers to manipulate. The proposed method is based on a deep learning neural network (DLNN), providing a robust model to protect LDRs from cyberthreats. The DLNN model is trained offline on a wide multi-state dataset that includes possible conditions of normal operation, internal faults, and nearby external faults. Additionally, the hyperparameters of the DLNN model are optimized using Bayesian optimization. To reduce complexity, a rule-based system is integrated to identify the type of potential cyberattack instead of incorporating all cyberattack scenarios into the DLNN training phase as done in previous studies. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated under various scenarios, including normal operation, faults, and cyberattacks. The results demonstrate the superiority and efficacy of the proposed scheme in detecting cyberattacks. The proposed scheme outperforms recent literature by achieving nearly 100% classification accuracy on the test dataset. Even under the worst-case scenario of measurement noise, the classification accuracy drops slightly to 99.3667%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29968,"journal":{"name":"Internet of Things","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 101574"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143628384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

AI-driven insights into B5G/6G MAC mechanisms: A comprehensive analysis

IF 6 3区计算机科学

Internet of Things Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.iot.2025.101571

Djamila Talbi, Zoltan Gal

{"title":"AI-driven insights into B5G/6G MAC mechanisms: A comprehensive analysis","authors":"Djamila Talbi, Zoltan Gal","doi":"10.1016/j.iot.2025.101571","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.iot.2025.101571","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the 6G wireless communication domain, optimizing the medium access control mechanism is crucial for enhancing the performance of high-speed, over Terabit/sec transmission rate networks. This paper evaluates the adaptive directional antenna protocol for terahertz frequencies technology using the ns-3 simulator, employing different techniques like Shannon entropy, wavelet transform, supervised, unsupervised machine learning, and classical processing methods focusing on the impact of the two used parameters: overlapping ratio and the rotation step. Our approach is to highlight the importance of the <em>Paleo-AI Classical Processing</em> method, which is about incorporating the classical mathematical processing method, with the AI models for better results. The proposed method includes applying some analytical tools like the entropy metrics to understand the dynamic behavior of the radio control frames, particularly in distinguishing between the stable and unstable phases of the communication process and includes the adoption of fractal wavelet analysis for better learning. Additionally, the RNN classification of MAC event sequences into categories supported by transfer learning enhanced the model's efficiency, where we introduced the weighted accuracy to time ratio, a novel approach to assess the competency of various deep learning models. Moreover, different generative AI methods were used to produce synthetic data where the similarity levels were quantified by using six distinct metrics. The overall results of this paper demonstrated the necessity of adapting the MAC protocols to specific environmental conditions, thereby contributing to the development of more resilient B5G/6G communication networks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29968,"journal":{"name":"Internet of Things","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 101571"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Deep multimodal emotion recognition using modality-aware attention and proxy-based multimodal loss

IF 6 3区计算机科学

Internet of Things Pub Date : 2025-03-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.iot.2025.101562

Sungpil Woo , Muhammad Zubair , Sunhwan Lim , Daeyoung Kim

{"title":"Deep multimodal emotion recognition using modality-aware attention and proxy-based multimodal loss","authors":"Sungpil Woo , Muhammad Zubair , Sunhwan Lim , Daeyoung Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.iot.2025.101562","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.iot.2025.101562","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Emotion recognition based on physiological signals has garnered significant attention across various fields, including affective computing, health, virtual reality, robotics, and content rating. Recent advancements in technology have led to the development of multi-modal bio-sensing systems that enhanced the data collection efficiency by simultaneously recording and tracking multiple bio-signals. However, integrating multiple physiological signals for emotion recognition presents significant challenges due to the fusion of diverse data types. Differences in signal characteristics and noise levels significantly deteriorate the classification performance of a multi-modal system and therefore require effective feature extraction and fusion techniques to combine the most informative features from each modality without causing feature conflict. To this end, this study introduces a novel multi-modal emotion recognition method that addresses these challenges by leveraging electroencephalogram and electrocardiogram data to classify different levels of arousal and valence. The proposed deep multimodal architecture exploits a novel modality-aware attention mechanism to highlight mutually important and emotion-specific features. Additionally, a novel proxy-based multimodal loss function is employed for supervision during training to ensure the constructive contribution of each modality while preserving their unique characteristics. By addressing the critical issues of multi-modal signal fusion and emotion-specific feature extraction, the proposed multimodal architecture learns a constructive and complementary representation of multiple physiological signals and thus significantly improves the performance of emotion recognition systems. Through a series of experiments and visualizations conducted on the AMIGOS dataset, we demonstrate the efficacy of our proposed methodology for emotion classification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29968,"journal":{"name":"Internet of Things","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 101562"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143611267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Artificial intelligence-driven security framework for internet of things-enhanced digital twin networks

IF 6 3区计算机科学

Internet of Things Pub Date : 2025-03-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.iot.2025.101564

Samuel D. Okegbile , Ishaya P. Gambo

{"title":"Artificial intelligence-driven security framework for internet of things-enhanced digital twin networks","authors":"Samuel D. Okegbile , Ishaya P. Gambo","doi":"10.1016/j.iot.2025.101564","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.iot.2025.101564","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the evolving area of internet of things (IoT)-enabled digital twin networks (DTNs), ensuring robust security and data privacy is a necessity. This paper presents an AI-driven security framework designed to address security and privacy requirements in DTNs by integrating advanced machine learning techniques. We propose a novel approach that combines long short-term memory (LSTM) networks with transfer learning and differential privacy (DP) to enhance threat detection and preserve sensitive data. The LSTM networks are employed to model sequential data patterns, crucial for identifying and mitigating security threats in such dynamic environments. In addition, transfer learning is utilized to leverage pre-trained models, improving accuracy and reducing training time while DP is incorporated to protect user privacy by introducing the Gaussian noise into the training process, thereby ensuring confidential data handling. We formulate the proposed AI-driven security solution as a multi-layer framework and investigate its ability to achieve significant improvements, in terms of detection accuracy and privacy preservation, compared to conventional methods. We then obtain simulation results to demonstrate the effectiveness of the solution in adapting to evolving threats while maintaining high-performance standards. It is believed that the proposed solution will open new research directions towards improving security in emerging cyber–physical systems such as DTNs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29968,"journal":{"name":"Internet of Things","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 101564"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143611266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimizing cutting parameters with Industrial IoT system for automated continuous dry milling

IF 6 3区计算机科学

Internet of Things Pub Date : 2025-03-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.iot.2025.101569

Chin-Shan Chen, Shao-Chien Hsu

{"title":"Optimizing cutting parameters with Industrial IoT system for automated continuous dry milling","authors":"Chin-Shan Chen, Shao-Chien Hsu","doi":"10.1016/j.iot.2025.101569","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.iot.2025.101569","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Applying the combination of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) and noise technology to automated milling operation systems, this study aims to understand the relationship between cutting noise, vibration, the surface roughness of the workpieces, and tool wear in the automatic processing process. Taguchi method is first used for acquiring the optimal cutting parameters; IIoT, accelerometer, and noise meter are integrated into automated cutting systems, under different cutting parameters, to acquire vibration and noise data in the cutting process; and the surface roughness of workpiece and end mill wear is measured in the experimental process. Finally, the data analysis results explain the causation among cutting noise, vibration, surface roughness of the workpiece, and tool wear. It is proved by experiments that indicate a strong linear and positive correlation between vibration and noise generated during continuous milling that a single noise meter can replace the use of three vibration sensors, and a cutting noise value of 82.812db indicates the best timing to replace the tool in this case. Such results could provide optimized tool change timing and reduce processing costs, and they are expected to offer valuable opinions to automated cutting processing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29968,"journal":{"name":"Internet of Things","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 101569"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143636757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IoT wearables in child health: A comprehensive scoping review and exploration of ubiquitous computing

IF 6 3区计算机科学

Internet of Things Pub Date : 2025-03-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.iot.2025.101556

Kajal Mistry, Georgios Dafoulas

引用次数: 0