IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology最新文献_第3页

Passive Wireless Programmable FSS for Adaptive Electromagnetic Shielding of Implanted Medical Devices 用于植入医疗设备自适应电磁屏蔽的无源无线可编程FSS

IF 3.2

IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.1109/JERM.2025.3604080

Francesco Lestini;Gaetano Marrocco;Cecilia Occhiuzzi

{"title":"Passive Wireless Programmable FSS for Adaptive Electromagnetic Shielding of Implanted Medical Devices","authors":"Francesco Lestini;Gaetano Marrocco;Cecilia Occhiuzzi","doi":"10.1109/JERM.2025.3604080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JERM.2025.3604080","url":null,"abstract":"Implantable Medical Devices (IMDs) such as pacemakers and defibrillators increasingly rely on wireless connectivity for remote monitoring and programming. However, this wireless access introduces significant cybersecurity and physical vulnerabilities, making IMDs susceptible to unauthorized access and electromagnetic interference (EMI). This paper proposes a wirelessly programmable smart shield based on a reconfigurable Frequency Selective Surface (P-FSS) as a novel defense mechanism for IMD security. The shield dynamically transitions between shielding and transparency states, passively controlled by an RFID-powered circuit, ensuring protection from malicious attacks while enabling authorized medical communication. This study extends prior theoretical investigations by introducing a fully functional prototype, realized with a rigorous design methodology and leveraging low-power varactor-based switching to enhance efficiency and miniaturize the size. The system demonstrates over 40 dB of shielding effectiveness in the Medical Implant Communication Service (MICS) band (401–406 MHz) while allowing controlled transparency via a battery-less RFID interface with an activation distance of 0.6 m. Experimental validation confirms the practical feasibility of the proposed approach, making it a viable solution for enhancing the cyber-physical security of IMDs.","PeriodicalId":29955,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology","volume":"10 1","pages":"14-24"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146223730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Low-Frequency Breast Cancer Detection Setup: An Experimental Study 低频乳腺癌检测装置：一项实验研究

IF 3.2

IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-08 DOI: 10.1109/JERM.2025.3600407

Ghazaleh Tashtarian;Hamid Akbari-Chelaresi;Mauricio Hernandez;Abdolali Abdipour;Ahad Tavakoli;Omar M. Ramahi

引用次数: 0

Monitoring Wrist Pulse Wave With a Cantilever-Type Microwave Capacitive Sensor 用悬臂式微波电容式传感器监测腕部脉搏波

IF 3.2

IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-08 DOI: 10.1109/JERM.2025.3600350

Amirhossein Karami-Horestani;Ferran Paredes;Karl Adolphs-Saura;Ferran Martín

{"title":"Monitoring Wrist Pulse Wave With a Cantilever-Type Microwave Capacitive Sensor","authors":"Amirhossein Karami-Horestani;Ferran Paredes;Karl Adolphs-Saura;Ferran Martín","doi":"10.1109/JERM.2025.3600350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JERM.2025.3600350","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a low-cost planar microwave sensor able to monitor the wrist pulse wave (WPW) when it is in contact with the anterior part of the wrist, near the radial artery. The device is a highly sensitive two-port capacitive sensor based on a cantilever that moves as a consequence of the blood flow in the radial artery. Due to this motion, the transmission coefficient varies at the rhythm imposed by the heartbeat rate. Thus, by considering either the phase or the magnitude of the transmission coefficient at a specific (operating) frequency, the WPW can be sensed. The device is implemented in a bracelet-type structure to slightly press the sensor on the wrist, as required for a faithful measurement. The associated required electronics of this sensor are very simple and low cost (especially when the device operates in magnitude) and, contrary to radar-type sensors, the device can monitor the WPW regardless of the position or potential movement of the patient under test. As compared to optical methods, the proposed system is not affected by factors such as ambient light conditions or skin tone. The prototype device is able to detect subtle variations in pulse waveforms, a crucial aspect for assessing cardiovascular health.","PeriodicalId":29955,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology","volume":"9 4","pages":"517-524"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145560646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Wearable Coil Using Copper Traces on Fabric for MRI at 3T 织物上的铜迹可穿戴线圈用于3T MRI

IF 3.2

IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology Pub Date : 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1109/JERM.2025.3599743

Thejas Vishnu Ramesh;Joseph V. Rispoli

{"title":"Wearable Coil Using Copper Traces on Fabric for MRI at 3T","authors":"Thejas Vishnu Ramesh;Joseph V. Rispoli","doi":"10.1109/JERM.2025.3599743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JERM.2025.3599743","url":null,"abstract":"<bold>Objectives: Conductors used for fabrication of coils on fabric substrates suffer from inherent losses because of the combination of the metallic core with other non-conductive materials, thus limiting the SNR achieved. The purpose of this work is to demonstrate the application of copper traces on a fabric substrate to reduce conductor losses experienced in wearable coils. <bold>Methods: A single channel coil was developed from a copper sheet using a cutting plotter. The coil was loaded onto a spherical phantom to evaluate the SNR when compared with standard rigid and flexible PCB based coils. A nine-channel wearable array was developed for structural and kinematic imaging of the shoulder at 3T. The SNR from the phantom and in vivo images was compared with a commercial flexible coil. <bold>Results: The single channel coil provided 2.1 times the SNR of the rigid PCB coil and 1.2 times the SNR of the flexible PCB coil. Image acquisition using the shoulder array can be accelerated twice or thrice in the left-right or superior-inferior directions. The shoulder array provided a 12.1% increase in SNR than the commercial array from phantom imaging. The wearable shoulder array provided an 10.5% increase in average SNR when compared to the commercial coil across 2D and 3D in vivo images. <bold>Clinical Impact: The application of copper traces directly on fabric provides a new outlook toward the development of wearable coils by eliminating inherent conductor losses to improve the image quality for musculoskeletal MRI.","PeriodicalId":29955,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology","volume":"9 4","pages":"508-516"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145560645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics, RF, and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology About this Journal 医学和生物学中的电磁学、射频和微波

IF 3.2

IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology Pub Date : 2025-08-22 DOI: 10.1109/JERM.2025.3598879

引用次数: 0

IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics, RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology Publication Information 医学和生物学中的电磁学、射频和微波杂志

IF 3.2

IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology Pub Date : 2025-08-22 DOI: 10.1109/JERM.2025.3598883

引用次数: 0

Microwave Imaging With a Reduced Number of Transmission Channels in a Semi-Circular Antenna Array 半圆形天线阵列中减少传输通道数的微波成像

IF 3.2

IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology Pub Date : 2025-08-19 DOI: 10.1109/JERM.2025.3596876

Laura Guerrero Orozco;Lars Peterson;Andreas Fhager

{"title":"Microwave Imaging With a Reduced Number of Transmission Channels in a Semi-Circular Antenna Array","authors":"Laura Guerrero Orozco;Lars Peterson;Andreas Fhager","doi":"10.1109/JERM.2025.3596876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JERM.2025.3596876","url":null,"abstract":"Muscle injuries, particularly in the muscles composing the hamstring, pose significant challenges in sports medicine. Our aim is to use microwaves for the diagnosis of such injuries with a compact and low-cost system. A primary challenge with compact systems is the measurement time, caused by the time needed to switch between transmission channels. In this study, we explore the potential for reducing the number of transmission channels in a semi-circular antenna array and its impact on reconstruction accuracy. We hypothesized that antennas closer to each other are more important for accurate reconstruction due to their higher coherency, signal strength and lower noise levels compared to distant antennas. Thus, the farthest antennas may be excluded from measurements and reconstructions. Using both simulations and measurements, we systematically decreased the number of transmission channels to observe the effects on the reconstructed image. Our findings demonstrate that it is feasible to reduce the number of transmission channels by omitting the farthest antennas from 56 down to 36 channels while limiting the reduction in Signal to clutter ratio (SCR) to less than 12%.","PeriodicalId":29955,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology","volume":"9 4","pages":"500-507"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11130191","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145560680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

3D Bio-printed, Perfusion-Ready Skin Phantoms at Microwave Frequencies 3D生物打印，微波频率下的可灌注皮肤幻影

IF 3.2

IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology Pub Date : 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1109/JERM.2025.3591576

Yuchen Gu;Drew Z. Hay;Daniel W. van der Weide

{"title":"3D Bio-printed, Perfusion-Ready Skin Phantoms at Microwave Frequencies","authors":"Yuchen Gu;Drew Z. Hay;Daniel W. van der Weide","doi":"10.1109/JERM.2025.3591576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JERM.2025.3591576","url":null,"abstract":"We develop a skin tissue phantom based on gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) to enable direct, high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting for microwave application in medicine. Owing to its biocompatibility and tunable physical properties, GelMA serves as an ideal bio-ink for creating scaffolds that closely mimic the native extracellular matrix of biological tissues such as skin. We formulate GelMA bioinks, describe the bioprinting process, and characterize the dielectric and mechanical properties of the resultant tissue phantom. We then preliminarily investigate the effect of perfusion on phantom dielectric properties, demonstrating the effect of blood flow on microwave interactions. This facilitates research efforts in electromagnetics-tissue interaction and the development of microwave and radiofrequency (RF) related medical applications, including medical imaging, hyperthermia treatment, and wearable sensors. It also addresses the challenges of acquiring such phantoms in large quantities, overcoming ethical concerns associated with biological tissues, and points to customizable and patient-specific sensing and treatment strategies.","PeriodicalId":29955,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology","volume":"9 4","pages":"491-499"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145560658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design of an Ultra-Wide Bandwidth Circularly Polarized Implantable Antenna for Wireless Biological Telemetry Systems 一种用于无线生物遥测系统的超宽带圆极化植入式天线设计

IF 3.2

IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology Pub Date : 2025-07-10 DOI: 10.1109/JERM.2025.3583048

Zhiwei Song;Jiale Wei

{"title":"Design of an Ultra-Wide Bandwidth Circularly Polarized Implantable Antenna for Wireless Biological Telemetry Systems","authors":"Zhiwei Song;Jiale Wei","doi":"10.1109/JERM.2025.3583048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JERM.2025.3583048","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an ultra-wide bandwidth circularly polarized implantable antenna for wireless biological telemetry systems. The effective axial ratio bandwidth of this antenna covers the 2.4 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical frequency band and the 1.9 GHz mid-field band. Its size is 0.028<italic>λ0×0.057<italic>λ0×0.004<italic>λ0 (where<italic>λ0 represents the wavelength of the lowest operating frequency in free space). Miniaturization is achieved by adding rectangular slots to the radiation patch to form a symmetrical rectangular meandering structure, and introducing shorting probes. By etching an orthogonal rectangular slot on the ground plane and optimizing the position of the shorting probes, this antenna ultimately obtained effective axial ratio bandwidths of 0.31 GHz at 1.9 GHz and 0.53 GHz at 2.45 GHz, along with gains of −27.3 dBi at 1.9 GHz and −23.1 dBi at 2.45 GHz. The simulation verified the specific absorption rate and link margin, and the designed antenna conformed to the IEEE safety standard (IEEE C95.1-1999) and the requirements for reliable communication. Finally, the influence of the antenna integrated in the implantable device is tested in the skin, arms, head, and minced pork. The study confirmed that this antenna can maintain stable performance at different implantation environments.","PeriodicalId":29955,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology","volume":"9 4","pages":"478-490"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145560644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Conditional Synthetic Signal Generation for Microwave Head Imaging Using Diffusion Models 微波头部成像条件合成信号的扩散模型生成

IF 3.2

IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1109/JERM.2025.3581576

Wei-chung Lai;Alina Bialkowski;Lei Guo;Konstanty Bialkowski;Amin Abbosh

{"title":"Conditional Synthetic Signal Generation for Microwave Head Imaging Using Diffusion Models","authors":"Wei-chung Lai;Alina Bialkowski;Lei Guo;Konstanty Bialkowski;Amin Abbosh","doi":"10.1109/JERM.2025.3581576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JERM.2025.3581576","url":null,"abstract":"Deep learning models have the potential to improve the accuracy and speed of medical microwave imaging. However, their performance often suffers due to a lack of high-quality data. Generative models, especially Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DDPM), solve this problem by creating realistic data for training and validation. These models have been used in various fields like text-to-image generation, time series generation, and EEG signal synthesis. However, they are not yet used in microwave head imaging for signal generation. Generating meaningful signals for stroke detection in microwave head imaging is challenging because the signals must show both the type and location of strokes. In this paper, DDPM is introduced for conditional signal generation in microwave head imaging. Also, different ways to embed the relevant conditions are explored. The generated signals are evaluated using quantitative metrics and the distorted Born iterative method to check their physical plausibility. Our results show that DDPM, with specially designed condition embeddings and noise schedulers, generates realistic signals, offering a new approach to train and validate deep learning models for microwave head imaging.","PeriodicalId":29955,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology","volume":"9 4","pages":"466-477"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145560643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0