{"title":"Influence Of The Philosophers Ideas On Teaching Arabic In Light Of (Al-Tamayz) Al-Firharwi/ تأثيرأفكار الفلاسفة على تدریس اللغة العربية في ضوء ((التميز)) للفرهاروي","authors":"Hafiz Ahmed Saeed Rana, Abuzar Khalil","doi":"10.18860/ijazarabi.v4i2.12739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/ijazarabi.v4i2.12739","url":null,"abstract":"The rise of philosophy has coalesced with the start of the world, which means a \"strategy\". Whether that Strategy is linked to the teaching of a language or something else, and the only way to learn that strategy is through the thoughts of philosophers. This study is an attempt at the philosophy, philosophers, and strategy of their thinkings; whom' Abdul-‘Azīz Firhārvī has mentioned in his valuable manuscript Al-Tamyīz, and also this study will discuss the effects of applying these strategies on the teaching of Arabic Language that how to cultimate philosophical styles of study like;Analytical method, Deep Study Method, Traditional Method, Discusson Method, Practical Method’ within primary or secondary or higher education students.In addition, these methods will promote a technical understanding of Arabic Grammer among students.In this regard, 'Abdul-‘Azīz Firhārvī has selected some prominent philosophers in Al-Tamyīz. Further, it will highlight the selection of chosen philosophers as to why the thoughts of these philosophers have a possible and attainable effect on the teaching of the Arabic Language, and it will also discuss the influential importance of their work. Thus, this study will be beneficial for the teachers and trainers. Moreover, it will also become a landmark for the new researchers to link philosophy with Arabic language teaching.","PeriodicalId":29848,"journal":{"name":"Ijaz Arabi Journal of Arabic Learning","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42447345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdul Azim Mohamad Isa, Z. Ismail, Hairun Najuwah Jamali, Fitri Nurul’Ais Nordin
{"title":"Vowels Reading Of Arabic Present Tense In Yaf’al Form For Lip And Coronal Articulation/ Pembacaan Vokal Pola Fiil Mudhori Yaf’al Bagi Artikulasi Bibir Dan Koronal","authors":"Abdul Azim Mohamad Isa, Z. Ismail, Hairun Najuwah Jamali, Fitri Nurul’Ais Nordin","doi":"10.18860/ijazarabi.v4i2.12037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/ijazarabi.v4i2.12037","url":null,"abstract":"The Arabic vowel consists of three main vowels namely /a/ (fathah), the vowel /i/ (kasrah), and the vowel /u/ (dhammah). This study aims to analyze the vowels of the Arabic present tense in the pattern' af'al which is determined by the arrangement of letters. This study also aims to help read active verbs of yaf’al Arabic among Arabic language students who have difficulty determining the correct vowel of the three vowel fractions. In addition, this study can help linguists in general and Arabic in particular to determine the vowel reading of the letter 'ain (ع) on the active verb pattern of modern Arabic' af'al which is divided into vowels / a / (fathah), vowel /i/ (kasrah), and the vowel /u/ (dammah). This study uses a qualitative method. Samples of this study were taken from Al-Khalil dictionary as well as al-Ma'aniy online dictionary. Only three syllable active verbs are analyzed as the three syllable active verbs in Arabic will change to three different vowels when in the verb tense. The analysis is focused on the arrangement of the letters' ain (ع) in the past tense verb. Clearly, the study's findings have shown that the arrangement of 'ain (ع) on the active Arabic verb of the past affects the vowel on the 'ain (ع) active verb of the present Arabic. At the same time, this study provides an alternative that shows that the vowels at the letter 'ain (ع) of the active Arabic verb of the present time are non-random.","PeriodicalId":29848,"journal":{"name":"Ijaz Arabi Journal of Arabic Learning","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47614235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lubna Farah Khan, N. Mufidah, Mohammad Umar Hafiz Mohammad Idrees
{"title":"E-Teaching Of Arabic To Non-Native Speakers In Pandemic/ تعليم اللغة العربية للناطقين بغيرها عن بعد وفي عصر انتشار الاؤبئة","authors":"Lubna Farah Khan, N. Mufidah, Mohammad Umar Hafiz Mohammad Idrees","doi":"10.18860/ijazarabi.v4i2.10508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/ijazarabi.v4i2.10508","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses modern media used during teaching Arabic to non-native speakers, especially e-learning which has become required in the new world, especially in the spread of infectious diseases. This situation urges the teaching system to switch to E-learning, which helps in studies, particularly during the lockdown period in the pandemic. It benefits the teaching by modern technologies and media in transmitting the language to learners. Learning Arabic has increased in recent times, and learners as a modern generation are using modern technologies to learn. This research on E-teaching of Arabic to non-native speakers in a pandemic is urgent, especially in the pandemic era. It must use media in teaching, especially in teaching Arabic. With the emergence of the Corona pandemic that has spread throughout the world, the demand raises high. The results were as following: use of media in education makes teaching more effective and integrated, give effective results, raises the competence of the teacher and the recipient of the language, increases attention and excitement among students, and develops the ability to teach with communication, and the media facilitate the education process even in the spread of diseases and does not interrupt the chain of education between the learner and the teacher. We arrived with results that the necessity of acquaintance with modern methods and technical means and using them will give fruitful results.","PeriodicalId":29848,"journal":{"name":"Ijaz Arabi Journal of Arabic Learning","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46610842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development Of Computer Based Test Online Standard Arabic Language (ILAA)/ Pengembangan Aplikasi Computer Based Test Online Bahasa Arab Terstandar (ILAA)","authors":"M. A. Hamid, M. A. Charis","doi":"10.18860/ijazarabi.v4i2.11194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/ijazarabi.v4i2.11194","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims 1) the realization of a practical application system for Computer Based Test Online for Standard Arabic Language (ILAA). 2) Describing the feasibility of the ILAA. The research and development model used is the ADDIE (Analysis-Design-Development-Implementation-Evaluation) model developed by Reiser and Mollenda in 1990. This model was chosen because when used in the development, this process is considered sequential and interactive. The evaluation of each stage can bring development to the previous stage. The result of one stage is the initial product for the next stage. The Language Development Center of UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, Indonesia as the subject and data collection techniques using structured interviews, documentation, and questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed using the percentage formula. The results: 1) Development of the Online CBT Application for Arabic Language Test (ILAA) using MOODLE (Modular Object-Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment). The ILAA Arabic language test CBT application can be accessed through www.tesbahasa.uin-malang.ac.id. 2) Based on expert and student assessments; The Arabic language test online CBT application (ILAA) at the Language Development Center of UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang is perfect and easy to use. This is evidenced by 93% of respondents choosing very good, easy, clear, and precise. Only 4.8% chose very poor and poor, less accessible and less precise answers.","PeriodicalId":29848,"journal":{"name":"Ijaz Arabi Journal of Arabic Learning","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43054820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"What Is The Effective Arabic Communication And Learning Model In Digital Learning During The Corona Crisis/ ما هو نموذج التواصل والتعلم العربي الفعال في التعلم الرقمي أثناء أزمة كورونا","authors":"Khalid Hassan Alabri","doi":"10.18860/ijazarabi.v4i2.12556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/ijazarabi.v4i2.12556","url":null,"abstract":"Almost all countries in the world are helpless, and people are feared in the face of the Coronavirus, to the point that millions of schools are closed, and this impact may be more severe than the impact of the disease itself, economically and medically. This experience will be engraved in the memories of children and adults, especially teachers and students. This paper describes some hidden aspects, especially the positive ones from the pandemic. The subjects of this study were students and lecturers at King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM). By using this type of research descriptive case study. Data obtained from observations of the lecture process, student communication with lecturers, and the faculty or university are equipped with survey data to support it. The results showed that students and lecturers could adapt and commit to performance, improve electronic skills, flexibility in learning, and obtain information. In addition, the university's efforts have a positive impact on the development of distance education, the use of digital technology to increase student participation in online learning opportunities, develop faculty members, and help them reach their potential. The Deanship of Academic Development (DAD) organizes various academic development workshops, discussion forums, and symposiums involving international, national, and local experts. Also sponsors activities related to teaching, student learning, assessment, and curriculum. The staff is ready around the clock to help and solve technical problems. This makes it easier for lecturers to use programs and platforms to teach students through their accounts using university usernames and passwords (KFUPM), such as the Blackboard and Microsoft teams. Universities used electronic learning systems for teaching and exams before the Corona crisis, but the crisis made it develop faster. The course is achieved through online study, students choose Microsoft's form as the preferred system, and most students interact with lecturers after lectures. The majority see that the professor's style is attractive to students in online learning, lecturers are responsible for dealing with monotonous material, and students can have online discussions. ","PeriodicalId":29848,"journal":{"name":"Ijaz Arabi Journal of Arabic Learning","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48548013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Deliberative Approach In Teaching Dialogue Texts To Middle School Students/ المقاربة التداولية في تدريس النصوص الحوارية لتلاميذ المرحلة المتوسطة","authors":"Bourouba Hafida, Sahraoui Khelifa, Fecih Mokrane","doi":"10.18860/ijazarabi.v4i2.12071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/ijazarabi.v4i2.12071","url":null,"abstract":"This research deals with the deliberative approach in teaching the dialogic text in middle school;given the importance of this approach, which is concerned with language during its use and goes beyond the vocalized formto search for its hidden meaning and purposes. This research was initiated by defining the terms of the study;then we dealt with the reality of teaching the dialogue text in the middle stage, where we reviewed the method or approach by which the dialogue text is taught in the Algerian middle school.The research also included the importance of adopting the deliberative approach in teaching the dialogue text and the method of investing it in the learning-teaching process.As the most appropriate alternative, given the mechanisms and techniques it provides that make the process of teaching the dialogue text more interactive and active, then we concluded the research with a set of results that we reached. The main approach that we adopted in this research is the qualitative approach which is based on collecting qualitative data as a first stage, and then we used qualitative analysis in presenting and analyzing this data and through discussing of these data, we came to important results and conclusions. As for the type; we have relied this study through our attempt to search for methods and techniques dialogue texts to middle school students and their suitability to the nature of the dialogue text. As it a communicative text, in its teaching we need an approach that touches its various interactive aspects; Whether it is apparent or implicit on the one hand, and also the effectiveness of these methods in stimulating motivation, suspense and attracted students on the other hand; We also relied on primary and secondary sources. And we have reached a set of conclusions, which summarize it stressing the importance of adopting the deliberative approach in teaching dialogic texts. This is due to the mechanisms and techniques that provides it and make the process of teaching the dialogue text more interactive and dynamic","PeriodicalId":29848,"journal":{"name":"Ijaz Arabi Journal of Arabic Learning","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43295156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdul Malik Karim Amrullah, Zahrotun Nida, Abdul Muntaqim Al Anshory
{"title":"Strategic Management of Arabic Language Learning Programs/ إدارة استراتيجية برنامج تعليم اللغة العربية","authors":"Abdul Malik Karim Amrullah, Zahrotun Nida, Abdul Muntaqim Al Anshory","doi":"10.18860/ijazarabi.v4i1.10417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/ijazarabi.v4i1.10417","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to describe the strategic management at the language institute of Hasyim Ay’ari University Jombang, Indonesia to improve students' Arabic language competence starting from the formulation stage, implementation and evaluation. A qualitative descriptive approach as an alternative to this research method, with data collection techniques through interviews, observation and documentation study. From the research it can be concluded that the language institute of Hasyim Ay’ari University Jombang has used good strategic management. This can be seen from the strategy formulation that has been proven by the existence of a strategy formulation composed of a vision, mission and environmental analysis which is then applied into a strategy. Second, the implementation of strategies in the form of several programs and activities that are compiled by the curriculum and tailored to the needs of students. Third, strategy evaluation is carried out using two techniques, namely the program evaluation technique and results evaluation. The final result of this evaluation aims to determine the effectiveness of a program that has been designed and implemented in order to improve student competence. And problems that occur can be found in several aspects, including: administration, infrastructure, accommodation and teaching staff. Which causes less optimal and even not implementing several programs. Keyword: Management Strategy; Program; Arabic Learning. ةمدقم ةيلمع طبترت ،يوبرتلا .ميلعتلا جمانرب نع يوبرتلا لصف نكمي لا ،ساسلأا يف ةقلاع هل رخآ نوكمو نوكم نيب .ةياغلل ةدقعلما تانوكلما نم ديدعلاب اقًيثو ا ً طابترا ميلعتلا مادختسا متي نأ وه فدهلا .حيحص لكشب ميلعتلا ةيلمع يف نوكم لك ةرادإ بجيو ،ةيجهنم لك جمانرب ريدي ةسسؤلما ريدم ناك اذإ ،كلذ ققحتيس .لثملأا وحنلا ىلع تانوكلما هذه نم دراولما ةرادلإ ةلوذبلما دوهجلا ميلعتلا جمانرب ةرادإ ينعت ،ةطيسب تارابعب .ادًيج ميلعتلا .ةءافكو ةيلاعفب ميلعتلا جمانرب فادهأ قيقحت نكمي ثيحب ،ميلعتلا جمانرب يف ةمدختسلما I J A Z A R A B I J o u r n a l o f A r a b i c L e a r n i n g D O I : 1 0 . 1 8 8 6 0 / i j a z a r a b i . v 4 i 1 . 1 0 4 1 7 I S S N ( p r i n t ) : 2 6 2 0 5 9 1 2 | I S S N ( o n l i n e ) : 2 6 2 0 5 9 4 7 e j o u r n a l . u i n m a l a n g . a c . i d / i n d e x . p h p / i j a z a r a b i / i n d e x | 161 Vol. 4 No. 1 / Februari 2021 IJAZ ARABI homepage: http://ejournal.uin-malang.ac.id/index.php/ijazarabi ةدايقلل ارًداق نوكي نأ ةسسؤلما ريدم ىلع بجي ،ةءافكو ةيلاعفب ميلعتلا جمانرب ىلإ يتلا ةسسؤلما ءاضعأ نيب تلاعافتلا بيترت ديدحت ينعي ،تاسسؤلما ميظنتو ميظنت ىلع رصانع عيمجتو ميظنت ىلع ةسسؤلما ريدم ةردق ىلع ميظنتلا دمتعي .ديج لمعلاب اهل حمست ميق اهل يتلا ميلعتلا جمانرب اقًفو هنلأ ،ميلعتلا جمانرب فادهأ قيقحت نمضتو ةلصلا ةقيثو ة ( ميناد ناوردوسل 0202 : 01 ةددحلما لماوعلا دحأ يه ةسسؤلما ريدلم ةيدايقلا ةردقلا نإف ) ربكلأا لوؤسلما وهو .جمانربلا جئاتنو ةيلمعلاو ةدوجلا ةدايزو ءاضعلأا نيكمت يف ةيسيئرلا ربلا يذفنم ناكمإب ناك اذإ امع ةفاقثلا ءانب اضًيأ متي .لثملأا وحنلا ىلع لمعلا جمان عمتجلما عم لعافتلا يف ةسسؤلما ري","PeriodicalId":29848,"journal":{"name":"Ijaz Arabi Journal of Arabic Learning","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47974426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Arabic Culture As A Defensive Strategy: Tunisian Education As An Example","authors":"Boutheina Khaldi","doi":"10.18860/ijazarabi.v4i1.10220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/ijazarabi.v4i1.10220","url":null,"abstract":"Since independence, the educational system in the Arab world in general, and Tunisia in particular, has continued to alienate itself from the mainstream society. Deeply rooted in a colonial past, education has failed to effect social, economic, and political change. this paper focuses on the status of education, and by extension Arabic language, in Post-independent Tunisia. Using Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of Cultural Reproduction, and Antonio Gramsci’s theory of Cultural Hegemony. The method used is descriptive; to describe the research topic problems qualitatively to draw conclusions objectively according to primary data. The historical method is analyzing past events, interpreting them, and presenting the results to highlight their present and future effects.The finding sets out to argue that educational institutions are sites of power play.","PeriodicalId":29848,"journal":{"name":"Ijaz Arabi Journal of Arabic Learning","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44937553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact Of Arabic Online Learning In The Perspective Of How The Brain Learns","authors":"Danial Hilmi","doi":"10.18860/ijazarabi.v4i1.10442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/ijazarabi.v4i1.10442","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims to describe the impact of learning Arabic online and the viewpoint of brain-based learning on these implications. The research used a mixed-method that combines quantitative and qualitative approaches to get a real picture of the implementation of online learning from a neurolinguistic perspective, the data is obtained through the results of questionnaires and studied in a neurolinguistic perspective based on the literature on the theme. The data collection technique was carried out by distributing questionnaires to PKPBA students who carried out Arabic learning through online and literature review on neurolinguistic studies. The results of this study are that the Arabic learning process carried out online has good benefits with varied but not optimal patterns of interaction through blended learning. In contrast, according to neurolinguistics, it is stated that at least any model can maintain how the potential of the brain through language habituation must be consistent with the balance of the left and right brain.","PeriodicalId":29848,"journal":{"name":"Ijaz Arabi Journal of Arabic Learning","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47114597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Teaching Arabic Language Base on Character Building Through Qur'an Perspective","authors":"A. Sanusi, A. Albantani","doi":"10.18860/ijazarabi.v4i1.9951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18860/ijazarabi.v4i1.9951","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to reinforce character building through the Qur’an perspective during Arabic teaching and learning processes at MA Al-Musdariah 2 Cimahi, Indonesia. There are six principles of politeness in language use in Qur’an, namely; qaulan sadidan, ma’rufan, balighan, maysuran, layyinan, dan kariman. The research method used in this study was phenomenology, scientific approach, and formal juridical approach. This study was classified as a descriptive qualitative study. The results of this study showed that in terms of Arabic lessons plan, they were not properly and perfectly implemented the reinforcing of politeness in language use in the light of Qur’an perspective. Whilst, in terms of teaching and learning activities including opening, core, closing and evaluating activities, they reflected several principles of politeness in language use namely; truth, honesty, fairness, kindness, being straight, smoothness, politeness, appropriateness, being respectful, solemnity, optimism, beauty, fun, logic, fluency, clearness, precision, meaningfulness, harmony, being impressive, calmness, effectiveness, gentleness, and being humble.","PeriodicalId":29848,"journal":{"name":"Ijaz Arabi Journal of Arabic Learning","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44338383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}