Environment & Health最新文献

{"title":"Need for a Holistic Approach to Assessing Sustainable, Green, and Healthy Buildings.","authors":"Nishchaya Kumar Mishra, Sameer Patel","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.4c00161","DOIUrl":"10.1021/envhealth.4c00161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the rising global population, economic development, and urbanization, building stock is bound to grow, warranting measures for optimizing their embodied and operational energy and resource consumption. Further, a building's indoor environment quality significantly affects occupants' health, productivity, and well-being since people spend almost 90% of their time indoors. Buildings safeguard occupant's well-being by shielding them from the outdoor air pollution and increasing climate extremes. However, buildings can also lead to acute and chronic exposure to pollutants trapped inside. The recent pandemic has demonstrated that indoor environments can prevent and promote airborne disease transmission depending on buildings' design and operation. The current segregated rating systems and regulations to gauge buildings' sustainability, health and safety, and energy efficiency have led to a fragmented approach hampering sustainable and healthy buildings' design, construction, and operations. This work discusses the environmental sustainability of buildings, their impacts on occupants' health and productivity, and if and how the existing global policies and frameworks regulate and promote the same. Developing a holistic and comprehensive framework is critical to ensure buildings' sustainability, occupants' health, and energy efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"3 3","pages":"218-226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11934202/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143721668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Need for a Holistic Approach to Assessing Sustainable, Green, and Healthy Buildings","authors":"Nishchaya Kumar Mishra,&nbsp; and ,&nbsp;Sameer Patel*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.4c0016110.1021/envhealth.4c00161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/envhealth.4c00161https://doi.org/10.1021/envhealth.4c00161","url":null,"abstract":"<p >With the rising global population, economic development, and urbanization, building stock is bound to grow, warranting measures for optimizing their embodied and operational energy and resource consumption. Further, a building’s indoor environment quality significantly affects occupants’ health, productivity, and well-being since people spend almost 90% of their time indoors. Buildings safeguard occupant’s well-being by shielding them from the outdoor air pollution and increasing climate extremes. However, buildings can also lead to acute and chronic exposure to pollutants trapped inside. The recent pandemic has demonstrated that indoor environments can prevent and promote airborne disease transmission depending on buildings’ design and operation. The current segregated rating systems and regulations to gauge buildings’ sustainability, health and safety, and energy efficiency have led to a fragmented approach hampering sustainable and healthy buildings’ design, construction, and operations. This work discusses the environmental sustainability of buildings, their impacts on occupants’ health and productivity, and if and how the existing global policies and frameworks regulate and promote the same. Developing a holistic and comprehensive framework is critical to ensure buildings’ sustainability, occupants’ health, and energy efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"3 3","pages":"218–226 218–226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/envhealth.4c00161","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143666881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benchmark Dose Estimation from Transcriptomics Data for Methylimidazolium Ionic Liquid Hepatotoxicity: Implications for Health Risk Assessment of Green Solvents","authors":"Qing Yang,&nbsp;Xiaole Zhao,&nbsp;Kejia Wu,&nbsp;Qingqing Yu,&nbsp;Qiao Wang,&nbsp;Jingguang Li,&nbsp;Yongning Wu and Xin Liu*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.4c0012010.1021/envhealth.4c00120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/envhealth.4c00120https://doi.org/10.1021/envhealth.4c00120","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Ionic liquids (ILs), traditionally considered environmentally benign solvents, have shown potential toxicity to organisms, raising concerns about their safety. Among them, 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium (M8OI) has been detected at high concentrations in soils and exhibits hepatotoxic properties. To uncover the molecular mechanisms underlying this toxicity, whole-transcriptome sequencing was performed, coupled with benchmark dose (BMD) modeling, to derive transcriptomic points-of-departure (tPOD) through dose–response analysis. The transcriptomic analysis identified 425, 667, and 567 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) following low (10 μmol/L), medium (50 μmol/L), and high (200 μmol/L) doses of M8OI exposure, respectively. Enrichment analysis revealed significant perturbations in pathways related to cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction and IL-17 signaling. BMD modeling yielded tPOD values of 1.51 μmol/L (median of the 20 most sensitive genes, omicBMD₂₀), 2.98 μmol/L (tenth percentile of all genes, omicBMD_10th), 6.83 μmol/L (mode of the first peak of all gene BMDs, omicBMD_mode), and 5.9 μmol/L for pathway-level analysis. These transcriptomics-derived tPODs were at least 105-fold lower than M8OI’s hepatotoxic concentration, as indicated by its EC₅₀ of 723.6 μmol/L in HepG2 cells. Functional analysis of the transcriptomic data identified legionellosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and transcriptional misregulation in cancer as the most sensitive pathways affected by M8OI. These findings highlight the molecular mechanisms driving M8OI-induced hepatotoxicity and underscore the utility of transcriptomics in deriving sensitive and quantitative toxicity thresholds. The results provide critical insights for guideline-driven toxicological evaluations and regulatory decision-making, supporting a more comprehensive assessment of IL safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"3 4","pages":"373–379 373–379"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/envhealth.4c00120","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143842294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transforming Urbanite Health with Upstream Knowledge.","authors":"Zhaowu Yu, Gaoyuan Yang, Boyi Yang, Jun Yang, Zhuohui Zhao, Lan Wang, Hongxiao Liu, Jinguang Zhang, Bin Jiang, Henrik Vejre","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.4c00237","DOIUrl":"10.1021/envhealth.4c00237","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"3 2","pages":"111-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11851204/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143516682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transforming Urbanite Health with Upstream Knowledge","authors":"Zhaowu Yu*,&nbsp;Gaoyuan Yang,&nbsp;Boyi Yang,&nbsp;Jun Yang,&nbsp;Zhuohui Zhao,&nbsp;Lan Wang,&nbsp;Hongxiao Liu,&nbsp;Jinguang Zhang,&nbsp;Bin Jiang and Henrik Vejre,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.4c0023710.1021/envhealth.4c00237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/envhealth.4c00237https://doi.org/10.1021/envhealth.4c00237","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"3 2","pages":"111–113 111–113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/envhealth.4c00237","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143452397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benchmark Dose Estimation from Transcriptomics Data for Methylimidazolium Ionic Liquid Hepatotoxicity: Implications for Health Risk Assessment of Green Solvents.","authors":"Qing Yang, Xiaole Zhao, Kejia Wu, Qingqing Yu, Qiao Wang, Jingguang Li, Yongning Wu, Xin Liu","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.4c00120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/envhealth.4c00120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ionic liquids (ILs), traditionally considered environmentally benign solvents, have shown potential toxicity to organisms, raising concerns about their safety. Among them, 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium (M8OI) has been detected at high concentrations in soils and exhibits hepatotoxic properties. To uncover the molecular mechanisms underlying this toxicity, whole-transcriptome sequencing was performed, coupled with benchmark dose (BMD) modeling, to derive transcriptomic points-of-departure (tPOD) through dose-response analysis. The transcriptomic analysis identified 425, 667, and 567 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) following low (10 μmol/L), medium (50 μmol/L), and high (200 μmol/L) doses of M8OI exposure, respectively. Enrichment analysis revealed significant perturbations in pathways related to cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and IL-17 signaling. BMD modeling yielded tPOD values of 1.51 μmol/L (median of the 20 most sensitive genes, omicBMD₂₀), 2.98 μmol/L (tenth percentile of all genes, omicBMD_10th), 6.83 μmol/L (mode of the first peak of all gene BMDs, omicBMD_mode), and 5.9 μmol/L for pathway-level analysis. These transcriptomics-derived tPODs were at least 105-fold lower than M8OI's hepatotoxic concentration, as indicated by its EC₅₀ of 723.6 μmol/L in HepG2 cells. Functional analysis of the transcriptomic data identified legionellosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and transcriptional misregulation in cancer as the most sensitive pathways affected by M8OI. These findings highlight the molecular mechanisms driving M8OI-induced hepatotoxicity and underscore the utility of transcriptomics in deriving sensitive and quantitative toxicity thresholds. The results provide critical insights for guideline-driven toxicological evaluations and regulatory decision-making, supporting a more comprehensive assessment of IL safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"3 4","pages":"373-379"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12012654/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144022040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Exposures and Bone Mineral: A Systematic Review and Best Evidence Synthesis","authors":"Kai Tao,&nbsp;Bin Zeng,&nbsp;Linghui Deng,&nbsp;Wei Zhang,&nbsp;Xianghong Zhou,&nbsp;Yuming Jin,&nbsp;Zilong Zhang,&nbsp;Weichao Huang,&nbsp;Xiaoli Zou,&nbsp;Yu Zhan,&nbsp;Ping Lu,&nbsp;Shi Qiu,&nbsp;Lu Yang* and Qiang Wei*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.4c0014310.1021/envhealth.4c00143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/envhealth.4c00143https://doi.org/10.1021/envhealth.4c00143","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent environmental pollutants known for their bioaccumulative nature. Reduced bone mineral density (BMD) is associated with an increased risk of developing osteoporosis. This pioneering study aims to assess the effects of different PFAS compounds on bone mineral. We conducted searches on online databases. Inclusion criteria included the presence of associations between perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) and BMD, BMD z-score, and bone mineral content (BMC). Meta-analyses were performed. Best evidence synthesis (BES) was performed to summarize the results. The results of BES showed that the evidence of PFOS, PFOA and PFNA with reduced bone mineral were moderate. The variability in methods for assessing bone mineral and sex differences are potential sources of heterogeneity in the results. Meta analysis showed that PFOA was associated with BMD (β −0.01, 95% CI −0.01 to −0.00; <i>I</i>² = 0%). Subgroup analysis by sex showed that PFOS (β −0.01, 95% CI −0.01 to −0.00; <i>I</i>² = 50%), PFOA (β −0.01, 95% CI −0.01 to +0.00; <i>I</i>² = 29%) were negatively correlated with BMD. This systematic review and BES revealed negative correlations between exposure to PFOS, PFOA, PFNA and bone mineral. Sex emerged as a potential factor affecting the negative effects of PFAS on bone mineral. The damage of PFAS to bone mineral still requires further exploration.</p>","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"3 4","pages":"363–372 363–372"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/envhealth.4c00143","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143842293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of Gestational F-53B Exposure on Fetal Neurodevelopment: Insights from Placental and Thyroid Hormone Disruption","authors":"Sujuan Zhao,&nbsp;Yumeng Sun,&nbsp;Jiayao Duan,&nbsp;Tianxu Zhang,&nbsp;Yuchun Xiao,&nbsp;Yumin Zhu,&nbsp;Yibo Jia,&nbsp;Wenjue Zhong and Lingyan Zhu*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.4c0015810.1021/envhealth.4c00158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/envhealth.4c00158https://doi.org/10.1021/envhealth.4c00158","url":null,"abstract":"<p >It has been evidenced that chlorinated polyfluoroalkyl ether sulfonic acids (Cl-PFESAs) have strong potential cross the placental barrier, but their adverse effects on offspring remain unclear. In this study, pregnant mice received daily intraperitoneal injections of chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate (Cl-PFESA; commercially known as F-53B, primarily comprising 6:2 Cl-PFESA and 8:2 Cl-PFESA) at dosages of 40 and 200 μg/kg from gestational days 6 to 17. Following gestational exposure, distinct accumulation of 6:2 and 8:2 Cl-PFESAs was observed in both the placenta and fetal brain, confirming their penetration across the placental and fetal blood-brain barriers. Maternal exposure to F-53B disrupted the placental 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (<i>hsd11b2</i>) barrier, characterized by hypermethylation of its promoter, decreased blood sinusoids in labyrinth layer, and downregulation of the nutrient transport genes, thereby severely impairing the placenta’s protective and nutrient transfer functions. Concomitantly, significant fetal intrauterine growth restriction indicated by decreased fetal weight and crown-rump length was observed. Additionally, changes in thyroid hormones, along with transcriptional and DNA methylation alterations in the promoter regions of transthyretin (<i>ttr</i>) and deiodinase 3 (<i>dio</i>3) genes, were noted in the placenta. These epigenetic changes might affect the maternal-fetal transport of thyroid hormones, possibly leading to disrupted thyroid function in the F1 generation. With the decreased nutrient transport capacity of the placenta, T4 levels in the fetus are significantly reduced, resulting in significant fetal neurodevelopmental abnormalities, reduced nerve cell proliferation (Ki67), and damage to synaptic plasticity. This study reveals unveil the hidden dangers of F-53B, highlighting its neurotoxic effects on fetal development through the disruption of thyroid hormone transport across the placenta.</p>","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"3 3","pages":"308–320 308–320"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/envhealth.4c00158","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143666880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of Gestational F-53B Exposure on Fetal Neurodevelopment: Insights from Placental and Thyroid Hormone Disruption.","authors":"Sujuan Zhao, Yumeng Sun, Jiayao Duan, Tianxu Zhang, Yuchun Xiao, Yumin Zhu, Yibo Jia, Wenjue Zhong, Lingyan Zhu","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.4c00158","DOIUrl":"10.1021/envhealth.4c00158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It has been evidenced that chlorinated polyfluoroalkyl ether sulfonic acids (Cl-PFESAs) have strong potential cross the placental barrier, but their adverse effects on offspring remain unclear. In this study, pregnant mice received daily intraperitoneal injections of chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate (Cl-PFESA; commercially known as F-53B, primarily comprising 6:2 Cl-PFESA and 8:2 Cl-PFESA) at dosages of 40 and 200 μg/kg from gestational days 6 to 17. Following gestational exposure, distinct accumulation of 6:2 and 8:2 Cl-PFESAs was observed in both the placenta and fetal brain, confirming their penetration across the placental and fetal blood-brain barriers. Maternal exposure to F-53B disrupted the placental 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (<i>hsd11b2</i>) barrier, characterized by hypermethylation of its promoter, decreased blood sinusoids in labyrinth layer, and downregulation of the nutrient transport genes, thereby severely impairing the placenta's protective and nutrient transfer functions. Concomitantly, significant fetal intrauterine growth restriction indicated by decreased fetal weight and crown-rump length was observed. Additionally, changes in thyroid hormones, along with transcriptional and DNA methylation alterations in the promoter regions of transthyretin (<i>ttr</i>) and deiodinase 3 (<i>dio</i>3) genes, were noted in the placenta. These epigenetic changes might affect the maternal-fetal transport of thyroid hormones, possibly leading to disrupted thyroid function in the F1 generation. With the decreased nutrient transport capacity of the placenta, T4 levels in the fetus are significantly reduced, resulting in significant fetal neurodevelopmental abnormalities, reduced nerve cell proliferation (Ki67), and damage to synaptic plasticity. This study reveals unveil the hidden dangers of F-53B, highlighting its neurotoxic effects on fetal development through the disruption of thyroid hormone transport across the placenta.</p>","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"3 3","pages":"308-320"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11934197/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143721666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Exposures and Bone Mineral: A Systematic Review and Best Evidence Synthesis.","authors":"Kai Tao, Bin Zeng, Linghui Deng, Wei Zhang, Xianghong Zhou, Yuming Jin, Zilong Zhang, Weichao Huang, Xiaoli Zou, Yu Zhan, Ping Lu, Shi Qiu, Lu Yang, Qiang Wei","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.4c00143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/envhealth.4c00143","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent environmental pollutants known for their bioaccumulative nature. Reduced bone mineral density (BMD) is associated with an increased risk of developing osteoporosis. This pioneering study aims to assess the effects of different PFAS compounds on bone mineral. We conducted searches on online databases. Inclusion criteria included the presence of associations between perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) and BMD, BMD z-score, and bone mineral content (BMC). Meta-analyses were performed. Best evidence synthesis (BES) was performed to summarize the results. The results of BES showed that the evidence of PFOS, PFOA and PFNA with reduced bone mineral were moderate. The variability in methods for assessing bone mineral and sex differences are potential sources of heterogeneity in the results. Meta analysis showed that PFOA was associated with BMD (β -0.01, 95% CI -0.01 to -0.00; <i>I</i> ² = 0%). Subgroup analysis by sex showed that PFOS (β -0.01, 95% CI -0.01 to -0.00; <i>I</i> ² = 50%), PFOA (β -0.01, 95% CI -0.01 to +0.00; <i>I</i> ² = 29%) were negatively correlated with BMD. This systematic review and BES revealed negative correlations between exposure to PFOS, PFOA, PFNA and bone mineral. Sex emerged as a potential factor affecting the negative effects of PFAS on bone mineral. The damage of PFAS to bone mineral still requires further exploration.</p>","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"3 4","pages":"363-372"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12012664/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144049364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}