Environment & Health最新文献

{"title":"Multigenerational Effects of Weathered Polyethylene Microplastics on Drosophila melanogaster","authors":"Shawninder Chahal,&nbsp;Jun-Ray Macairan,&nbsp;Laura M. Hernandez,&nbsp;Hoai-Nam N. Bui,&nbsp;Anthony Smith,&nbsp;Hans C. E. Larsson and Nathalie Tufenkji*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.4c00274","DOIUrl":"10.1021/envhealth.4c00274","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Most plastics are released into the environment once they are discarded, resulting in microplastics (&lt;5 mm) being found in every part of the world. To better understand their toxicity, we exposed four generations of the fruit fly, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>, to high-density polyethylene (HDPE) microplastics (&lt;38 μm) and monitored their reproductive performance. We found that the eclosion fraction of pupae was 5.7% higher (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) in the stream of flies that were fed 100 mg/kg HDPE across all generations when compared to those fed control food. Several fourth-generation treatment flies expressed malformed salivary glands and scutella. No toxicity was observed in the number of pupae and flies that emerged from the eggs laid in each generation or their mean pupation and eclosion time. Moreover, no toxicity was observed in the development of larvae into adult flies (0.1–10 000 mg/kg HDPE) and various sublethal end points (100 mg/kg HDPE) such as larva and adult fly locomotion and the mass of female and male flies. These results, obtained with realistic weathered microplastics, indicate that HDPE microplastics at the concentrations evaluated are unlikely to be lethal in <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>; however malformations are still possible despite little-to-no observable internalization of the microplastics.</p>","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"3 7","pages":"747–756"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12281197/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144699723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling Oral Health Impacts of Vaping in African Americans through Untargeted Metabolomics and Proteomics","authors":"Xiaojia He,&nbsp;Maureen Meister,&nbsp;Jennifer Jeon,&nbsp;Saeed Alqahtani,&nbsp;Pam Cushenan,&nbsp;Scott Weaver,&nbsp;Ruiyan Luo,&nbsp;Marilyn Black,&nbsp;Jonathan Shannahan* and Christa Wright*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.4c00276","DOIUrl":"10.1021/envhealth.4c00276","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDSs), commonly termed e-cigarettes, have been advertised as a safer alternative to traditional tobacco cigarettes and promoted for smoking cessation. However, emerging evidence suggests a connection between e-cigarette use or vaping and an increased risk of oral disease, particularly among minoritized populations such as Black and African Americans (AAs). AA communities have historically experienced disproportionate harm from tobacco use, which could extend to vaping. In this study, we recruited 20 AAs and 28 individuals of other races, oversampled for vapers, with no statistical differences in age, sex, sugar intake, income, or education across groups. Whole saliva samples collected at the time of the visit were processed for untargeted UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS proteomics and HPLC-MS/MS metabolomics. Our results revealed vaping preferentially impaired redox pathways and amino acid metabolism among AAs, with elevated malondialdehyde levels and an oxidized glutathione to glutathione ratio and lowered levels of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and ascorbate. Salivary proteomics demonstrated salivary secretion was upregulated in AAs while Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis, bacterial invasion defense, natural killer cell function, leukocyte migration, and phagosome function were downregulated, suggesting dysregulated innate immune function in AA vapers. Additionally, focal adhesion, cell–substrate junction, and actin cytoskeleton regulation were downregulated in AA vapers, indicating that mucous epithelium barrier integrity may be disrupted. Lastly, the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Need (CPITN), a dental assessment tool developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) to evaluate periodontal health and determine the need for treatment, revealed that a significantly higher proportion of AA vapers had CPITN scores of 3 or higher, suggesting the need for further clinical assessment of periodontal disease. Collectively, our results suggest that AAs may be more susceptible to oral health effects of vaping than individuals of other racial groups, with elevated levels of oxidative stress, dysregulated innate immune function, mucous epithelium barrier integrity disruption, and varying nicotine metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"3 7","pages":"733–746"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12281207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144699731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nontargeted Toxicological/Chemical Analysis in Complex Mixtures for Risk Assessment and Key Driver Discovery","authors":"Chunzhen Shi,&nbsp;Xiaoxi Yang,&nbsp;Jifu Liu,&nbsp;Haijiang Tian,&nbsp;Jie Gao,&nbsp;Yuhao Yan,&nbsp;Guotao Peng,&nbsp;Hua Qin,&nbsp;Meilin Lv,&nbsp;Yanna Liu,&nbsp;Runzeng Liu,&nbsp;Ningbo Geng*,&nbsp;Zongwei Cai,&nbsp;Guangbo Qu*,&nbsp;Jiping Chen and Guibin Jiang,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.5c00052","DOIUrl":"10.1021/envhealth.5c00052","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"3 7","pages":"701–704"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12281198/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144699724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse Effects of Pesticides on the Ovary: Evidence from Epidemiological and Toxicological Studies","authors":"Linping Wang,&nbsp;Xiaochen Ma and Jing Liu*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.4c0024310.1021/envhealth.4c00243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/envhealth.4c00243https://doi.org/10.1021/envhealth.4c00243","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Pesticides are widely used in agriculture, public health, and residences to control pests and insects. The safety of exposure to pesticides has raised concerns due to their presence in the environment and their potential effects on human health. The ovary is the major female reproductive organ and is considered a potential target organ for pesticide toxicity. This comprehensive Review examines the adverse effects of pesticide exposure on the ovary based on evidence from human biomonitoring, epidemiological studies, and toxicological studies. Epidemiological studies have shown that pesticide exposures are associated with early/delayed menarche, menstrual cycle disorders, early menopause, long time to pregnancy, polycystic ovary syndrome, primary ovarian insufficiency, infertility, and implantation failure in women. Both <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> studies have shown that exposure to pesticides disrupts the estrous cycle, reduces the follicle pool, alters hormone levels, and impairs oocyte maturation. Mechanisms of action of pesticides on ovarian function include effects on steroid receptors, hormone synthesis, oxidative stress, inflammation, epigenetic modifications, and signaling pathways. Gaps in knowledge and further research needs include prospective cohort studies with adequate sample sizes to elucidate the effects of different classes of pesticides (especially emerging insecticides, herbicides and fungicides) and mixture exposures on ovarian health, the development of effective toxicological models that can approximate or simulate realistic human exposure scenarios, and the translation of toxicological findings into measurable indicators that can be used in human health risk assessment. In summary, this Review aims to improve the understanding of the risk to women’s reproductive health from exposures to pesticides and to provide insights into strategies for preventing and managing reproductive health risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"3 6","pages":"575–595 575–595"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/envhealth.4c00243","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144320721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse Effects of Pesticides on the Ovary: Evidence from Epidemiological and Toxicological Studies.","authors":"Linping Wang, Xiaochen Ma, Jing Liu","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.4c00243","DOIUrl":"10.1021/envhealth.4c00243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pesticides are widely used in agriculture, public health, and residences to control pests and insects. The safety of exposure to pesticides has raised concerns due to their presence in the environment and their potential effects on human health. The ovary is the major female reproductive organ and is considered a potential target organ for pesticide toxicity. This comprehensive Review examines the adverse effects of pesticide exposure on the ovary based on evidence from human biomonitoring, epidemiological studies, and toxicological studies. Epidemiological studies have shown that pesticide exposures are associated with early/delayed menarche, menstrual cycle disorders, early menopause, long time to pregnancy, polycystic ovary syndrome, primary ovarian insufficiency, infertility, and implantation failure in women. Both <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> studies have shown that exposure to pesticides disrupts the estrous cycle, reduces the follicle pool, alters hormone levels, and impairs oocyte maturation. Mechanisms of action of pesticides on ovarian function include effects on steroid receptors, hormone synthesis, oxidative stress, inflammation, epigenetic modifications, and signaling pathways. Gaps in knowledge and further research needs include prospective cohort studies with adequate sample sizes to elucidate the effects of different classes of pesticides (especially emerging insecticides, herbicides and fungicides) and mixture exposures on ovarian health, the development of effective toxicological models that can approximate or simulate realistic human exposure scenarios, and the translation of toxicological findings into measurable indicators that can be used in human health risk assessment. In summary, this Review aims to improve the understanding of the risk to women's reproductive health from exposures to pesticides and to provide insights into strategies for preventing and managing reproductive health risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"3 6","pages":"575-595"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12186281/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144498214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"3 3","pages":"XXX-XXX XXX-XXX"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/ehv003i003_1914321","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144438434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"Sujuan Zhao,&nbsp;Yumeng Sun,&nbsp;Jiayao Duan,&nbsp;Tianxu Zhang,&nbsp;Yuchun Xiao,&nbsp;Yumin Zhu,&nbsp;Yibo Jia,&nbsp;Wenjue Zhong and Lingyan Zhu*,&nbsp;","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"3 3","pages":"XXX-XXX XXX-XXX"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/envhealth.4c00158","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144438439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"Xiang Zhang,&nbsp;Bingjie Lu,&nbsp;Shuo Yang,&nbsp;Bingjie Lin,&nbsp;Guang Chen,&nbsp;Lihua Wang,&nbsp;Zhengliang Peng,&nbsp;Huijie Lu,&nbsp;Chao Wang,&nbsp;Dan Li* and Jianmin Chen,&nbsp;","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"3 3","pages":"XXX-XXX XXX-XXX"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/envhealth.4c00195","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144438433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"Xinrui Feng,&nbsp;Yaoyu Luo,&nbsp;Min Zheng,&nbsp;Xiaojie Sun* and Xiantao Shen*,&nbsp;","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"3 3","pages":"XXX-XXX XXX-XXX"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/envhealth.4c00097","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144438432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"3 3","pages":"XXX-XXX XXX-XXX"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/ehv003i003_1914320","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144438441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}