Environment & Health最新文献

{"title":"Spatiotemporal Trends in Mortality Burden from Suicide Associated with Short-Term Exposures to PM2.5 and Its Chemical Constituents in China: A Large Time-Stratified Case-Crossover Study","authors":"Yilin Li,&nbsp;Jinlei Qi,&nbsp;Jianxiong Hu,&nbsp;Yi Lin,&nbsp;Qijiong Zhu,&nbsp;Jiangmei Liu,&nbsp;Peng Yin,&nbsp;Guanhao He,&nbsp;Yulin Zhuo,&nbsp;Yayi Li,&nbsp;Xinjie Xiao,&nbsp;Wan Peng,&nbsp;Yuan Zheng,&nbsp;Tao Liu,&nbsp;Wenjun Ma,&nbsp;Maigeng Zhou","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.5c00530","DOIUrl":"10.1021/envhealth.5c00530","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Suicideis an important public health challenge globally, withambient fine particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters ≤2.5 μm (PM_2.5) identified as a risk factor for suicidemortality. However, the spatiotemporal changes of the suicide mortalityburden associated with short-term exposures to PM_2.5 chemicalconstituents in China remain unknown. In this study, we investigatedthe spatiotemporal trends of the mortality burden from suicide associatedwith short-term exposures to PM_2.5 chemical constituentsat both national and provincial levels across China. A nationwide,time-stratified case-crossover design was conducted using the individualsuicide mortality data from the Chinese National Mortality SurveillanceSystem from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2019. Conditional logisticregression models were applied to evaluate the nonlinear excess risks(ERs) of suicide mortality for short-term exposures (lag0–1day) to PM_2.5 mass and chemical constituents, and the correspondingattributable fractions (AFs) associated with PM_2.5 andits constituents were also calculated. Temporal changes in AFs from2014 to 2019 were analyzed using linear regression models at the nationaland provincial levels. This study included 372,164 suicide deathsfrom 2,758 counties/districts across China from 2014 to 2019. Theannual average changes in the concentrations of PM_2.5 mass,black carbon (BC), organic matter (OM), ammonium (NH₄⁺), nitrate (NO₃^–), and sulfate(SO₄^2–) during 2014–2019 were−3.47, −0.17, −0.72, −0.55, −0.68,and −0.78 μg/m³/year, respectively. Correspondingly,the annual average change in AFs of suicide mortality in PM_2.5 mass was −0.38% (95% CI: −0.98%, 0.22%). Among thePM_2.5 chemical constituents, SO₄^2– (−0.56, 95% CI: −1.21, 0.09%) and NO₃^– (−0.45, 95% CI: −0.89, −0.02%)showed greater decreasing trends in annual average changes of AFs,followed by NH₄⁺ (−0.40, 95% CI: −0.75,−0.05%), BC (−0.40, 95% CI: −1.01, 0.22%), andOM (−0.23, 95% CI: −0.79, 0.34%). The temporal changesof AFs exhibited greater decreasing trends in violent suicides inthe warm season, and people resided in Eastern and Western China.The top three provinces exhibiting the highest annual average reductionin PM_2.5 mass-related AFs were Qinghai, Xizang, and Fujian.The primary associated socio-economic indicators influencing the spatiotemporaltrends in PM_2.5-related suicide mortality burden were identifiedas green space area, Gross Domestic Product per capita, and unemploymentrate. Our findings robustly highlight the substantial health benefitsof ambient PM_2.5 pollution control, especially SO₄^2– and NO₃^–, offeringa valuable reference for other regions grappling with severe air pollutionissues.</p>","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"4 7","pages":"1515–1528"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148550865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wildfire Smoke and Human Health: A Global Perspective on Respiratory Risks and Emerging Interventions","authors":"Patricia Krecl,&nbsp;Caradee Y. Wright,&nbsp;Sara Basart,&nbsp;Carlyn J. Matz,&nbsp;Daniel Tong,&nbsp;Jennifer D. Stowell,&nbsp;Mikhail Sofiev","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.6c00112","DOIUrl":"10.1021/envhealth.6c00112","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"4 7","pages":"1306–1308"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148550522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic Exposure to 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzofuran Induces Obesogenic Effects on Mice Fed Normal or Western Diets","authors":"Ruhui Zhang,&nbsp;Ruiying Pan,&nbsp;Qing Wen,&nbsp;Qidong Ren,&nbsp;Xinni Xie,&nbsp;Yuguo Du","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.5c00605","DOIUrl":"10.1021/envhealth.5c00605","url":null,"abstract":"<p>2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzofuran(TCDF), a widespread, typical persistentorganic pollutant, accumulates mainly in liver and adipose tissues.However, the effects of chronic exposure to environmentally relevantdoses of TCDF on adipose tissues and obesity remain elusive. Thisstudy revealed that adult mice exposed to 0.3 or 3 μg/kg ofTCDF for 16 weeks developed mild adiposity under normal chow dietsin a dose-dependent manner, which was evidenced by significant accumulationof epididymal white adipose tissues (eWAT) and inguinal white adiposetissues (iWAT). Interestingly, the obesogenic effects of TCDF weredose-independent under western diets; low-dose TCDF exposure causeda more pronounced obesogenic effect and associated metabolic disorders.Consistent with the obesogenic effect, TCDF was further revealed tointerfere with adipogenesis, lipogenesis, and thermogenesis in eWATor iWAT. Moreover, our results pointed out that TCDF plays roles inobesity through AhR-dependent and AhR-independent manners. Taken together,these results showed the obesogenic effect of environmentally relevantdoses of TCDF and elucidated that TCDF caused dysfunction of adiposetissues, which strongly supports that TCDF is an environmental obesogenand that more attention should be paid to the health risks of TCDFregarding obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"4 7","pages":"1444–1453"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148550590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic Insights into Developmental Toxicity of Per- and polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Caenorhabditis elegans: The Potential Key Role of Xenobiotic Detoxification Pathway","authors":"Zhenxiao Cao,&nbsp;Chenxi Zhou,&nbsp;Qing Zhao,&nbsp;Hua Du","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.5c00762","DOIUrl":"10.1021/envhealth.5c00762","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent environmentalcontaminants known to induce developmental toxicity across multiplespecies, yet the molecular mechanisms are still not fully understood.This study aims to evaluate the developmental toxicity of four long-chainlegacy PFAS (PFOA, PFOS, PFNA, PFDA) and one short-chain alternative(PFBA) at concentrations relevant to highly contaminated scenarios(1–5 μM) using the model organism <em>Caenorhabditis elegans</em>, with a focus on elucidating the underlying molecularmechanisms. Phenotypic analysis indicated that PFDA and PFOS significantlydelayed development of worms, and reduced the number of fertilizedeggs in the uterus. RNA-seq and subsequent bioinformatic analysisrevealed strong impacts of PFDA and PFOS on physiological age. A coreset of xenobiotic detoxification genes (e.g., <em>cyp-13A4</em>, <em>cyp-13A6</em>, and <em>cyp-13A7</em>), whichwere found to be primarily regulated by nuclear hormone receptors(NHR-102, NHR-85, NHR-28), showed consistent up-regulation upon PFASexposure. Gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) further linkedthis detoxification gene signature to developmental impairment. Cross-speciescomparison using public databases identified several evolutionarilyconserved detoxification genes that are associated with PFAS-induceddevelopmental toxicity, among which CYP3A4 and its orthologs appearto be potential biomarkers of PFAS exposure. Our findings demonstratethat activation of conserved xenobiotic detoxification pathways isa central transcriptomic signature of PFAS exposure─particularlyPFOS and PFDA, which induced the most severe developmental toxicityamong the five tested PFAS─providing mechanistic insights intothe structure-dependent developmental toxicity of this kind of pervasivepollutant.</p>","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"4 7","pages":"1529–1544"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148550420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-Stage Method to Estimate Distributed Lag Effects for a Time-Series Analysis of Noncontinuous Exposure Data","authors":"Jianyu Deng,&nbsp;Ning Kang,&nbsp;Gang Li,&nbsp;Jianting Su,&nbsp;Jing Du,&nbsp;Hang An,&nbsp;Tao Xue,&nbsp;Tong Zhu","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.5c00456","DOIUrl":"10.1021/envhealth.5c00456","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Distributed lag models (DLMs) are essential for estimatingthedelayed health effects of environmental exposures in a time-seriesanalysis. However, their application is often limited by the requirementfor complete continuous exposure data. Simpler lag-specific modelswith a single exposure can use more data but suffer from an omittedvariable bias (OVB). This study develops and validates a three-stagemethod to accurately estimate distributed lag effects from noncontinuousexposure data by correcting for OVB. We propose a three-stage approach,fitting a series of lag-specific models using the noncontinuous datato obtain biased estimates in the first stage, correcting the biasby the autocorrelation structure of the exposure time series in thesecond stage, and smoothing the calibrated estimates in the thirdstage. The method’s validity was confirmed by statistical simulations.We then applied it to a case study analyzing the association betweenPM_2.5, its chemical constituents, and daily all-cause mortalityin Beijing from 2013 to 2015. Simulations showed that our three-stagemethod robustly and accurately recovered the true lag-response functionsand cumulative effects, even when only one valid daily record is availablefor each week’s data. In the Beijing case study, the traditionalDLM failed to find significant associations due to a substantiallyrestricted sample size, due to the missingness. In contrast, our method,by utilizing nearly 90% more observations, found significant healtheffects. For every 10 μg/m³ increase in PM_2.5, the cumulative effect (lag 0–13 days) on all-cause mortalitywas a 0.37% increase (95% CI: 0.23, 0.50%). Significant associationswere also found for the PM_2.5 constituents. The proposedthree-stage method is an effective and robust statistical tool forovercoming challenges posed by noncontinuous exposure data in time-seriesanalysis. By correcting for omitted variable bias, it maximizes theuse of available sparse data and significantly enhances statisticalpower, offering a practical and reliable solution for environmentalepidemiology facing similar data limitations.</p>","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"4 7","pages":"1399–1407"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148550806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential Effects of Gut Microbiota in the Acute and Chronic Toxicity of Silver Nanoparticles to Daphnia magna","authors":"Xin-Lei Wang,&nbsp;Yi Xie,&nbsp;Ying-Xue Ma,&nbsp;Liuyan Yang,&nbsp;Ai-Jun Miao","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.5c00390","DOIUrl":"10.1021/envhealth.5c00390","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Theecological toxicity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)has garneredgrowing concern. However, existing research primarily focuses on theiracute toxicity using high doses, overlooking chronic low-dose exposurescenarios (more relevant to real environments) and the potential indirecteffects mediated by gut microbiota (GM). Here, we compared the acuteand chronic effects of AgNPs on <em>Daphnia magna</em>, examiningsurvival, reproduction, GM alterations, and metabolic profiles. Wefound that acute exposure led to immediate mortality and metabolicdisruptions, primarily affecting lipid and amino acid metabolism,whereas chronic exposure caused more severe reproduction failure andbroader metabolic alterations, including changes in amino acids, carbohydrates,nucleic acids, energy production, and neural function. Both exposuresdisrupted GM composition, increasing Proteobacteria and decreasingBacteroidetes, with chronic exposure causing more severe and lastingdysbiosis. Multiomics correlation analysis revealed that the GM playsa critical role in mediating AgNP-induced metabolic disturbances.Overall, our study highlights the differential toxicological effectsof acute versus chronic AgNP exposure and underscores the importanceof considering both the direct effects of nanoparticles on the hostand the indirect effects mediated through the GM when assessing nanoparticlehealth risks. These findings provide a comprehensive understandingof AgNP toxicity and emphasize the need for integrated approachesin environmental risk assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"4 7","pages":"1433–1443"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148550830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic Exposure to Polystyrene Nanoplastics Promotes Lung Cancer Progression via Activating Gluconeogenesis and Inhibiting Glycolysis","authors":"Qian Li,&nbsp;Wenwen Meng,&nbsp;Lang Wen,&nbsp;Chengting Xie,&nbsp;Fei Wang,&nbsp;Ziyi Guo,&nbsp;Zhaoxiang Yan,&nbsp;Yating Deng,&nbsp;Keying Chen,&nbsp;Yuqiao Li,&nbsp;Yixian Wen,&nbsp;Tingli Han,&nbsp;Fei Han","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.5c00487","DOIUrl":"10.1021/envhealth.5c00487","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nanoplastics(NPs) are emerging as environmental pollutants, yettheir long-term impact on lung cancer progression remains largelyunexplored. This study explored the influence of extended exposureto polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) on the growth and movement ofA549 lung cancer cells, with particular emphasis on the molecularmechanisms involved in metabolic reprogramming. We demonstrated thatprolonged exposure to PS-NPs markedly increased the ability of lungcancer cells to proliferate and migrate. Using an integrated approachcombining transcriptomic profiling and C¹³-labeled glucoseflux analysis, we observed that chronic PS-NPs exposure induced metabolicreprogramming characterized by the activation of gluconeogenesis andsuppression of glycolysis. Mechanistically, PS-NPs upregulated thegluconeogenic enzyme mitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase(PCK2) and downregulated enolase-1 (ENO1), a glycolytic enzyme. Notably,knockdown of PCK2 attenuated PS-NPs-induced cell proliferation andmigration, underscoring its functional role. We further identifiedthat stress-responsive activating transcription factor-3 (ATF3) servesas a crucial mediator of PCK2 and ENO1 expression. Chromatin immunoprecipitationfollowed by PCR (ChIP-PCR) confirmed enhanced binding of ATF3 to thepromoter regions of PCK2 and ENO1 upon PS-NPs exposure. SilencingATF3 abolished PS-NPs-induced changes in PCK2 and ENO1 expressionand blocked the associated increase in cell proliferation and migration.Clinically, elevated ATF3 and PCK2 expression levels are associatedwith poor prognosis in patients with lung cancer. In conclusion, chronicexposure to PS-NPs promotes lung cancer progression by inducing metabolicreprogramming via ATF3-mediated regulation of PCK2 and ENO1. Thesefindings shed light on the cancer-promoting capabilities of PS-NPsand identify the ATF3-PCK2 axis as a promising target for lung cancertherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"4 7","pages":"1349–1361"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148550597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mild Sulfidation Aggravates the Dissolution and Cytotoxicity of Silver Nanoparticles in Mammalian Cells","authors":"Xue Wang,&nbsp;Mengying Qi,&nbsp;Yuchen Wang,&nbsp;Xudong Wang,&nbsp;Yuanbo Liu,&nbsp;Ming Xu","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.5c00677","DOIUrl":"10.1021/envhealth.5c00677","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Silvernanoparticles (Ag NPs) have been extensively utilized infood preservation, disinfection, personal care, and medical applications.Upon exposure to biological environments, pristine Ag NPs are susceptibleto transformation into other chemical forms through processes, suchas sulfidation. Although the majority of published literature indicatesthat sulfidation can significantly mitigate the toxicity of Ag NPs,it remains unknown how the degree of sulfidation influences nano-biointeractions of Ag NPs in mammalian cells. To elucidate the potentialrole of sulfidation in the cytotoxicity of Ag NPs, we first synthesizedand characterized Ag NPs with varying degrees of sulfidation. Unexpectedly,while high-degree sulfidation resulted in a reduction of the cytotoxicityof Ag NPs, mild sulfidation intensified their toxicity. Further mechanisticinvestigations revealed that the oxidative dissolution of low-degreesulfidized Ag NPs enhanced the release of Ag⁺, promotedthe generation of reactive oxygen radicals, and aggravated lipid peroxidationwithin cells, thereby activating ferroptosis through inhibiting theexpression of ferritin and glutathione peroxidase 4.</p>","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"4 7","pages":"1362–1372"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148550791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of Serum Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance Concentrations with Dyslipidemia and Its Subtypes in an Adult Population from Shandong, East China","authors":"Yuting Wu,&nbsp;Gaoxin Zhang,&nbsp;Lingling Meng,&nbsp;Shiyu Dai,&nbsp;Xu Han,&nbsp;Yingming Li,&nbsp;Qinghua Zhang,&nbsp;Guibin Jiang","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.5c00559","DOIUrl":"10.1021/envhealth.5c00559","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a classof persistentenvironmental pollutants associated with significant health risks.While PFAS exposure has been linked to endocrine diseases, epidemiologicalevidence regarding its association with dyslipidemia and its subtypesremains limited. This study comprehensively evaluated the associationsbetween serum PFAS levels and dyslipidemia (including its subtypes)in adults, while also investigating the effects on the Triglyceride-Glucose(TyG) index. We recruited a group of adult participants from ShandongProvince, East China, which consisted of individuals with dyslipidemiaand healthy controls. Multiple statistical approaches were applied,including multivariable logistic regression for single-PFAS associations,quantile-basedg-computation (qg-comp) model for mixture effects, and restrictedcubic spline (RCS) models for dose–response analyses. Serumconcentrations of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoicacid (PFNA), perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), and 6:2 chlorinatedpolyfluoroalkyl ether sulfonic acid (6:2 Cl-PFESA) were significantlyassociated with elevated TyG index levels. Exposure to PFOA and PFNAwere associated with hypertriglyceridemia (odds ratio (OR) = 1.05,95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01–1.09; OR = 2.01, 95% CI:1.15–3.50, respectively) and low levels of high-density lipoproteincholesterol (OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.00–1.07; OR = 1.63, 95% CI:1.01–2.94, respectively). PFOS and 6:2 Cl-PFESA were associatedwith an increased risk of hypercholesterolemia (OR = 1.12, 95% CI:1.02–1.23; OR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.05–1.54, respectively).Furthermore, significant joint effects of PFAS mixture exposure wereobserved on the risk of dyslipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypercholesterolemia,respectively. Dose–response analyses revealed predominantlylinear relationships between most PFAS concentrations and dyslipidemiaand its subtypes. Exceptions included significant nonlinear relationshipsfor PFOA, PFNA, and PFOS with dyslipidemia; for 6:2 Cl-PFESA withhypercholesterolemia; and for PFOA and PFNA with hypertriglyceridemia.Taken together, these findings suggest that exposure to specific PFASmay contribute to endocrine disruption and increase the risk of dyslipidemiain a compound and subtype-specific manner. This study provides novelepidemiological evidence by simultaneously delineating the distinctand joint effects of multiple PFAS on dyslipidemia phenotypes andthe TyG index. Our findings underscore the utility of the TyG indexas a potential predictive indicator and highlight the importance ofconsidering complex exposure patterns and nonlinear relationshipsin assessing the cardiometabolic risks of PFAS.</p>","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"4 7","pages":"1388–1398"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148550611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into the Neurotoxicology of Traditional and Emerging Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances: Mechanisms and Research Frontiers","authors":"Zhihua Ren,&nbsp;Xiao Wang,&nbsp;Lingyi Meng,&nbsp;Danqin Ren,&nbsp;Jiafei Sun,&nbsp;Yixue Cai,&nbsp;Yonghui Duan,&nbsp;Xia Ning,&nbsp;Tingting Ku,&nbsp;Nan Sang","doi":"10.1021/envhealth.5c00628","DOIUrl":"10.1021/envhealth.5c00628","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), colloquiallytermed“forever chemicals” due to their environmental persistence,are characterized by the inherent chemical stability that facilitatesglobal dissemination and bioaccumulation, leading to their ubiquitousdetection in environmental and biological matrices. Substantial concernsregarding the adverse health implications of traditional PFASs, notablyperfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA),which encompass multiple biological negative effects, have precipitatedregulatory restrictions and phase-out. This regulatory shift has spurredthe introduction of substitutes, yet emerging evidence indicates thatthese replacements have themselves become pervasive contaminants,such as chlorinated polyfluoroalkyl ether sulfonate (Cl-PFAES, F-53B)and hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO–DA, Genx), whichhave been shown to possess toxicological profiles comparable to orexceeding those of their predecessors. The present review aims tocomprehensively synthesize the current state of knowledge concerningthe neurotoxicity of traditional and emerging PFASs, integrating insightsfrom epidemiological studies, elucidation of central nervous system(CNS) penetration mechanisms, <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> neurotoxicological evidence, and proposed molecularpathways underlying neuronal damage. This review identifies critical,persistent knowledge gaps and proposes prioritized directions forfuture research endeavors aimed at elucidating and mitigating theneurological health risks presented by this ubiquitous class of contaminants.</p>","PeriodicalId":29795,"journal":{"name":"Environment & Health","volume":"4 7","pages":"1331–1348"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148550695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}