Timo Prölß, Philipp Parzinger, Achim Alkemper, Andreas Hutzler, Abbas Beheshti Askari, Nobutaka Maeda, Jan P. Hofmann, Tanja Franken
{"title":"Nanocrystalline Iridium Oxide Stabilized by Magnesium–Titanium–Spinel as Active Acidic Oxygen Evolution Reaction Catalyst","authors":"Timo Prölß, Philipp Parzinger, Achim Alkemper, Andreas Hutzler, Abbas Beheshti Askari, Nobutaka Maeda, Jan P. Hofmann, Tanja Franken","doi":"10.1002/aesr.70276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aesr.70276","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hydrogen produced by proton exchange water electrolysis (PEM-WE) is crucial in storing and transporting green energy from renewable resources. However, broad application of PEM-WE technology is hindered by the necessity of scarce and expensive iridium oxide needed to catalyze the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction on the anode. A reduction of iridium loading can be achieved by using mixed metal oxides. Herein, we show an iridium–magnesium–titanium spinel with a threefold increase in mass specific iridium activity compared to commercial iridium oxide. We report the strong influence of iridium content on the intrinsic activity and the necessity of soft calcination conditions to obtain a highly active catalyst. The observed high activity is contributed to finely dispersed nanosized iridium clusters in the transitional state from amorphous to crystalline iridium oxide interacting with the underlying mixed metal oxide.</p>","PeriodicalId":29794,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Energy and Sustainability Research","volume":"7 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aesr.70276","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148994624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gwibakazi A. Feleni, Miranda M. Ndipingwi, Meleskow Cox, Nelia A. Sanga, Precious I. Ekwere, Xinwen Peng, Emmanuel I. Iwuoha
{"title":"MXene-Powered Batteries: Advances and Challenges","authors":"Gwibakazi A. Feleni, Miranda M. Ndipingwi, Meleskow Cox, Nelia A. Sanga, Precious I. Ekwere, Xinwen Peng, Emmanuel I. Iwuoha","doi":"10.1002/aesr.70266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aesr.70266","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Rechargeable batteries are essential for the development of sustainable energy storage systems required for portable electronics, electric vehicles, and large-scale renewable energy integration. However, conventional electrode materials often suffer from limited conductivity, sluggish ion transport, structural instability, and poor cycling performance. Recently, two-dimensional transition metal carbides and carbonitrides, known as MXenes, have emerged as promising materials for advanced electrochemical energy storage owing to their metallic conductivity, tunable surface chemistry, and layered structure. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent progress in MXene-based materials, including pristine MXenes, doped MXenes, and MXene-based composites, for various rechargeable battery systems. The strategies for the synthesis of MXenes and their structural modifications through heteroatom doping and composite formation are critically discussed to highlight their influence on electronic structure, ion diffusion, and electrochemical activity. Furthermore, the roles of MXenes in different battery chemistries, including metal-sulfur, metal-air, and other emerging rechargeable battery systems, are systematically summarized with emphasis on their ability to enhance conductivity, regulate interfacial reactions, and suppress detrimental side reactions. Finally, the key challenges associated with MXene synthesis, stability, and large-scale application are discussed, along with future perspectives for the rational design of MXene-based electrodes toward high-performance and sustainable energy storage technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":29794,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Energy and Sustainability Research","volume":"7 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aesr.70266","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148994082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Umair Khan, Yawar Abbas, Furqan Ahmad, Mazhar UL-Islam, Tahseen Kamal, Baker Mohammad
{"title":"Power Management System for Silver Nanoparticles Incorporated Bacterial Cellulose Matrix Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Wearable Sensing Applications","authors":"Muhammad Umair Khan, Yawar Abbas, Furqan Ahmad, Mazhar UL-Islam, Tahseen Kamal, Baker Mohammad","doi":"10.1002/aesr.70268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aesr.70268","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) offer a sustainable route toward self-powered wearable and IoT systems; however, their high output impedance and pulsed electrical characteristics limit efficient energy storage and practical power delivery. Here, a sustainable TENG platform integrating Ag nanoparticle-engineered bacterial cellulose (BC) with a passive buck-type power-management unit (PMU) is demonstrated. Green-synthesized Ag nanoparticles enhance the dielectric properties, surface charge density, mechanical performance, and antibacterial activity against <i>E. coli</i> of the BC tribopositive layer. Paired with PTFE, the BC Ag TENG delivers an open-circuit voltage of 1264 V, a short-circuit current of 60 µA, and a peak power density of 13.53 W m<sup>−2</sup>. A self-triggered Zener–SCR buck converter enables controlled charge extraction and impedance transformation, delivering approximately 12 W m<sup>−2</sup> at ∼220 kΩ while improving energy transfer to storage capacitors. Integration with an LTC3588-1 energy-harvesting regulator provides a regulated output suitable for operating low-power electronic devices. The multifunctional platform further demonstrates reversible humidity sensing and biomechanical-motion monitoring. By integrating sustainable material engineering, triboelectric energy harvesting, passive power conditioning, energy storage, and regulated power delivery, this materials–circuit codesign establishes a practical pathway toward multifunctional, self-powered wearable sensing, autonomous electronics, and next-generation IoT systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":29794,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Energy and Sustainability Research","volume":"7 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aesr.70268","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148994417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Noël Hallemans, Philipp Dechent, David Howey, Simon Clark, Mona Faraji Niri, James Marco, Patrick S. Grant, Stephen R. Duncan
{"title":"Opportunities for Real-Time Process Control of Electrode Properties in Lithium-Ion Battery Manufacturing","authors":"Noël Hallemans, Philipp Dechent, David Howey, Simon Clark, Mona Faraji Niri, James Marco, Patrick S. Grant, Stephen R. Duncan","doi":"10.1002/aesr.70267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aesr.70267","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have an important role in the shift required to achieve a global net-zero carbon target of 2050. Electrode manufacture is amongst the most expensive steps of the LIB manufacturing process and, despite its apparent maturity, optimized manufacturing conditions are arrived at by largely trial and error. Currently, LIB manufacturing plants are typically controlled to follow the fixed “recipe,” which is often obtained by trial and error, but may be suboptimal. Regulating the process as a whole to conform to the set conditions is not widespread. Inspired by control approaches used in other film and sheet processes, we discuss opportunities for implementing real-time process control of electrode-related products, which has the potential to reduce the electrode manufacturing cost, CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, usage of resources by increases in process yield, and throughput. We highlight the challenges and significant opportunities of implementing real-time process control in LIB electrode production lines.</p>","PeriodicalId":29794,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Energy and Sustainability Research","volume":"7 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aesr.70267","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148994416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rayhan Hasan Pranto, Nayan Chandra Roy, Ummul Wara Zinatunnesa, Muhammad Aziz, Monjur Mourshed
{"title":"Hydrogen Storage Technologies: Materials Innovation and System-Level Challenges for a Carbon-Neutral Future","authors":"Rayhan Hasan Pranto, Nayan Chandra Roy, Ummul Wara Zinatunnesa, Muhammad Aziz, Monjur Mourshed","doi":"10.1002/aesr.70256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aesr.70256","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This review provides an assessment of hydrogen storage pathways and identifies strategies for energy applications. Technologies examined include compressed gaseous storage, liquid hydrogen (LH<sub>2</sub>), cryo-compressed systems, solid-state hydrides, chemical carriers, and adsorption-based materials, evaluated in terms of storage performance, safety, economic feasibility, and scalability. Compressed and LH<sub>2</sub> systems are mature options but are constrained by energy penalties, boil-off losses, leakage risks, and infrastructure costs. Solid-state hydrides offer storage density and improved safety, yet deployment remains limited by slow sorption kinetics, elevated desorption temperatures, and structural degradation during cycling. Chemical carriers, including ammonia, methanol, formic acid, and liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHCs), provide diverse hydrogen densities and established production routes; however, infrastructure requirements vary among carrier types. Ammonia requires corrosion-resistant materials and pressure–temperature conditions, whereas LOHCs depend on bidirectional logistics networks. Catalyst degradation, toxic byproducts, and energy-intensive regeneration continue to impede adoption. Adsorption-based materials, including metal–organic frameworks, covalent organic frameworks, and carbon nanostructures, demonstrate hydrogen uptake under cryogenic conditions but remain limited by costly synthesis and low-temperature operation. The review highlights the advancement in nanostructured materials, non-precious metal catalysts, hybrid storage systems, and near-ambient adsorption technologies, while outlining research priorities needed to achieve safe, efficient, scalable, and economically viable hydrogen storage worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":29794,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Energy and Sustainability Research","volume":"7 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aesr.70256","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148994083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multiscale Experimental Techniques for Evaluating Hydrogen Resistance in Structural Alloys for Energy Systems","authors":"Samson Olaitan Jeje, Nicholus Malatji, Lehlogonolo Rudolf Kanyane, Mxolisi Brendon Shongwe","doi":"10.1002/aesr.70274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aesr.70274","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The reliable qualification of structural alloys for hydrogen energy applications demands experimental frameworks capable of resolving hydrogen-induced degradation across multiple length scales, from atomic hydrogen-lattice interactions to macroscopic fracture. This review provides a critical assessment of experimental techniques for evaluating hydrogen resistance in structural alloys, examining their capabilities, limitations, and relevance to hydrogen energy infrastructure. The principal degradation mechanisms, hydrogen-enhanced localized plasticity, hydrogen-enhanced decohesion, and hydride-induced embrittlement, are examined alongside their experimental signatures, with attention to unresolved discrepancies between permeation- and desorption-derived transport data. Macroscale mechanical testing, transport characterization, microstructural and nanoscale methods, and operando approaches are evaluated against recently codified fatigue design curves and qualification standards, revealing that fragmented, single-technique application continues to limit translation into reliable material selection criteria. A multiscale experimental framework is proposed, linking degradation mechanisms to technique selection, cross-scale data integration, and machine-learning-assisted qualification across four hydrogen energy contexts: pipelines, pressure vessels, turbines, and fuel cell systems. Infrastructure gaps, unharmonized transport-testing protocols, and characterization challenges posed by emerging systems, including high-entropy alloys and engineered barrier coatings, are identified as principal barriers, and a shared, structured hydrogen-materials data repository is argued as a prerequisite for accelerated, responsible deployment of hydrogen energy technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":29794,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Energy and Sustainability Research","volume":"7 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aesr.70274","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148994418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cover Feature: Mineral Carbonation of Mixed Industrial Residues for Enhanced CO2 Sequestration and Environmental Stabilization: The Role of Slag Composition and Industrial Symbiosis (Adv. Energy Sustainability Res. 9/2026)","authors":"Erica Pietrobelli, Matteo Giosuè Vezzuto, Alessandra Zanoletti, Alessandro Sorze, Giulia Fredi, Elza Bontempi","doi":"10.1002/aesr.70277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aesr.70277","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Mineral Carbonation of Mixed Industrial Residues for Enhanced CO<sub>2</sub> Sequestration</b></p><p>Fly ash, bottom ash, and slag are mixed with water under CO<sub>2</sub> pressure. The process forms stable carbonate phases, ensuring long-term carbon storage under ambient conditions. The resulting material can be used as a filler in plastic composites. More details can be found in the Research Article by Elza Bontempi and co-workers (DOI: 10.1002/aesr.70261).\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":29794,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Energy and Sustainability Research","volume":"7 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aesr.70277","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148993940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aminul Islam, Mohammad Mobarak Hossain, M. Azizur R. Khan, Abdulkareem Ghassan Alsultan, Siow Hwa Teo, Mohd Lokman Ibrahim, Anh Tuan Hoang, Mohammad A. Hasnat, Kazi Hamidur Rashid, Apurba Kumar Sarkar, Tarikul Islam
{"title":"Hierarchical SixZr1−xMgO Monolithic Heterojunctions for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution","authors":"Aminul Islam, Mohammad Mobarak Hossain, M. Azizur R. Khan, Abdulkareem Ghassan Alsultan, Siow Hwa Teo, Mohd Lokman Ibrahim, Anh Tuan Hoang, Mohammad A. Hasnat, Kazi Hamidur Rashid, Apurba Kumar Sarkar, Tarikul Islam","doi":"10.1002/aesr.70259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aesr.70259","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The production of green hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>) is a sustainable approach to addressing the current energy crisis without contributing to long-term greenhouse gas emissions. Many semiconductors based photocatalysts have shown great promise for light-driven H<sub>2</sub> generation. However, nanostructured powder form suffers from slow electron transfer kinetics, material loss, poor recyclability, and non-uniform light distribution, resulting in inconsistent hydrogen production performance. In this work, interface-mediated hierarchical heterojunctions, designed as a stable and efficient photocatalytic scaffold for solar hydrogen production and investigate their performance and structural stability by examining a series of Si<i><sub>x</sub></i>Zr<sub>1−<i>x</i></sub>MgO photocatalysts. A hydrogen generation yield of 694 μmol cm<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> was obtained for Si<sub>0.9</sub>Zr<sub>0.1</sub>MgO which is approximately 9 times higher than that of Si<sub>0.1</sub>Zr<sub>0.9</sub>MgO (76 μmol cm<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>). The system maintained high H<sub>2</sub> production activity after 7 h of irradiation, demonstrating excellent stability and potential for practical applications. The enhanced photocatalytic performance of Si<sub>0.9</sub>Zr<sub>0.1</sub>MgO is attributed to its oxygen-vacancy-rich heterojunction structure, which improves visible-light absorption, facilitates charge separation, and accelerates interfacial electron transfer, thereby promoting efficient photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> evolution. The concept of interface-mediated hierarchical heterojunctions introduces a novel strategy for structural and functional optimization in multi-component photocatalysts. This work highlights a promising strategy for designing next-generation, earth-abundant photocatalysts for scalable solar-to-hydrogen conversion applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":29794,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Energy and Sustainability Research","volume":"7 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aesr.70259","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148993941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anthony Valero, Julien Barbe, Elisa Alves Silva, Artenis Bendo, Patrick Grysan, Adrian M. Philippe, Julien Bardon, Emanuele Barborini, Guillaume Lamblin
{"title":"High-Surface-Area Carbon Nanotubes-Copper Composite Foils for Lighter Advanced Anodic Current Collector for Lithium-Ion Batteries","authors":"Anthony Valero, Julien Barbe, Elisa Alves Silva, Artenis Bendo, Patrick Grysan, Adrian M. Philippe, Julien Bardon, Emanuele Barborini, Guillaume Lamblin","doi":"10.1002/aesr.70253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aesr.70253","url":null,"abstract":"<p>While playing a pivotal role in battery performance, affecting energy density, cycling life, and safety, the anodic current collector of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is largely overlooked in the literature. Copper, the dominant material for anode current collectors, contributes to approximately 8.1% of the battery weight yet does not participate in energy storage, limiting overall energy density. Reducing weight and thickness of copper foils optimizes the gravimetric energy density of LIBs, but challenges in processability hinder the production of thinner foils. This study presents a novel fabrication method to integrate multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) inside copper to potentially develop a lightweight, thin, and efficient current collector. The composite is fabricated by coating MWCNTs with polydopamine (PDA), spray-depositing onto an industrial support layer, and infilling the porous nanostructure via copper electroplating. This process enables the production of composite foils with surface areas up to 400 cm<sup>2</sup>—potentially addressing industry needs for scalable, high-performance current collectors—and achieves a thickness of 4.5 µm and density of 6.4 g cm<sup>−3</sup>. Moreover, electrochemical performance of the material as anode current collector in half-cell battery architecture showed improvements in gravimetric capacity of up to 7.3%, with stable cycling and efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":29794,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Energy and Sustainability Research","volume":"7 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aesr.70253","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148942980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Self-Cleaning Ag/GO/MoO3 Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Substrates for Recyclable Trace Detection and Photocatalytic Degradation","authors":"Huiling Jin, Yuexia Zhang, Jinkun Wang, Ruijie Li, Jitao Li, Yichao Wang, Derek Hao","doi":"10.1002/aesr.70263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aesr.70263","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Reusable surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates with integrated self-cleaning capability are highly desirable for trace molecular detection, as they can reduce substrate consumption, minimize signal interference from residual analytes, and improve the practicality of repeated measurements. In this study, Ag/GO/MoO<sub>3</sub> composite substrates were fabricated for the sensitive detection of rhodamine 6G (R6G). The Ag nanoparticles provided abundant electromagnetic “hot spots” for Raman signal enhancement, while graphene oxide facilitated molecular adsorption and interfacial charge transfer. More importantly, the incorporation of photocatalytically active MoO<sub>3</sub> endowed the substrate with self-cleaning functionality under xenon-lamp irradiation. The optimized Ag/GO/MoO<sub>3</sub> SERS substrate exhibited excellent detection sensitivity toward R6G, achieving a detection limit as low as 10<sup>−12</sup> M and an estimated EFof approximately 2.05 × 10<sup>6</sup>. During photocatalytic cleaning, approximately 75% of the MB signal was removed within the first 20 min, and the characteristic Raman peaks became undetectable after 40 min of irradiation. Real-time monitoring further demonstrated that the substrate could effectively remove adsorbed dye molecules and maintain good self-cleaning performance over three successive cycles. The self-cleaning behavior and the associated adsorption–photocatalytic degradation process were investigated. These results demonstrate that Ag/GO/MoO<sub>3</sub> is a recyclable and self-cleaning SERS substrate with promising potential for repeated trace detection applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":29794,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Energy and Sustainability Research","volume":"7 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aesr.70263","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148942992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}