Renewable Energy Focus最新文献

{"title":"A Soft Systems Methodology for Renewable Energy Research in the Built Environment: A Case Study of Coloured Solar Photovoltaics in Luxembourg","authors":"Alexander Skinner,&nbsp;Catherine Jones","doi":"10.1016/j.ref.2025.100789","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ref.2025.100789","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Integrating photovoltaics into the built environment requires navigating technical, aesthetic, and social complexities, particularly in dense urban contexts. Coloured photovoltaics offer potential to improve visual integration, but their adoption is influenced by performance trade-offs, policy frameworks, and local urban conditions. This paper presents an Integrated Assessment Process (IAP) developed to evaluate coloured photovoltaics within these complex settings.</div><div>The IAP was structured through the application of Soft Systems Methodology (SSM), providing a way to capture and connect the diverse factors shaping deployment. Using Luxembourg as a case study, the process combines technical assessment of coloured photovoltaic prototypes, spatial analysis of urban morphology, policy and regulatory review, and insights from stakeholders. The results highlight key tensions between visual quality and energy output, as well as the influence of heritage protection rules, fragmented ownership, and built form constraints on implementation potential.</div><div>By aligning technological evaluation with urban planning considerations and social perspectives, the IAP offers a holistic framework to guide the integration of coloured photovoltaics in the built environment. The Luxembourg case study illustrates how this approach can reveal context-specific pathways to overcome barriers and support wider adoption. The findings contribute to ongoing efforts to balance technical feasibility, public acceptance, and urban realities in renewable energy transitions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29780,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy Focus","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 100789"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145623803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Renewable-Based Hybrid Charging Infrastructure for Isolated Microgrids: Enhancing Power Quality and Supporting EV Integration","authors":"Sombir Kundu ,&nbsp;Ashutosh K. Giri ,&nbsp;Sunil Kadiyan ,&nbsp;Surender Singh ,&nbsp;Sudhanshu Mittal","doi":"10.1016/j.ref.2025.100783","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ref.2025.100783","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article presents a three-phase, three-wire (3P-3W) renewable-based hybrid charging infrastructure that includes a photovoltaic (PV) system, wind-powered self-excited induction generator (SEIG), storage battery, sources to provide power to small consumer loads as well as incorporating AC &amp; DC charging stations. The generated PV power is employed locally to increase the self-consumption rate, whereas the power generated from the wind is utilized to feed AC loads and electric vehicles (EVs) connected at the point of common injection (PCI). The harmonics introduced by the charging stations are suppressed using a modified filtering generalized integrator (MFGI) based control technique. The system is equipped with ancillary services, such as maintaining the power quality (PQ) of the isolated system frequent switching of EV loads and small consumer loads, undisrupted power to loads, and reactive power compensation. Validation of the proposed hybrid system is presented through a performance evaluation of the presented technique with an enhanced phase-locked loop (EPLL) and Notch filter technique. The results are plotted using MATLAB/Simulink and verified with license hybrid optimization of multiple energy resources (HOMER) version 1.2.7 under different operating circumstances. Despite the elevated total harmonic distortion (THD) of 24.49% in the load current, the MFGI control effectively mitigates the supply current THD to 4.0%, which effectively complies with the IEEE-519 standard.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29780,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy Focus","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 100783"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145525517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing investment strategies for biogas-solar photovoltaic microgeneration: a multi-objective approach","authors":"Pedro Alberto Chaib de Sousa Bernardes ,&nbsp;Giancarlo Aquila ,&nbsp;Edson de Oliveira Pamplona ,&nbsp;Paulo Rotella Junior ,&nbsp;Luiz Célio Souza Rocha ,&nbsp;Karel Janda","doi":"10.1016/j.ref.2025.100787","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ref.2025.100787","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Brazil has encouraged distributed generation (DG) through net-metering, state tax exemptions, and subsidized financing. While some renewable energy sources (RES) show complementarities, the biogas and solar PV integration remains little explored, especially under varying geographic and regulatory conditions. This study proposes an optimization model to support economic planning of hybrid biogas-PV DG systems using swine waste in three Brazilian cities. The model considered installed capacity as input variables and the mean and standard deviation of Net Present Value (NPV) as outputs. Design of experiments, combined with the Normal Boundary Intersection (NBI) method, defined objective functions and constructed the Pareto frontier. Pareto-optimal solutions were then identified through the entropy/Mahalanobis distance indicator. The results showed mean NPVs of 577,976.44 in Uberlândia-MG, 537,898.31 in Agudos-SP, and 328,786.67 in Toledo-PR, with return-risk ratios of 12.49, 11.35, and 8.74, respectively. Confidence ellipses indicated overlap, and the MANOVA test revealed no significant differences among cities. The study provides a replicable and flexible framework highlighting complementarities between biogas and solar PV, supporting investors and regulators in decision-making and advancing hybrid DG planning in Brazil.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29780,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy Focus","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 100787"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145525516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal design and energy management of a hybrid PV-Wind system with hydrogen and gravity energy storage: An off-grid sustainable alternative for coal power in Morocco","authors":"Mohammed Sahab ,&nbsp;Anisa Emrani ,&nbsp;Mohammad J. Sanjari ,&nbsp;Jamil Abdelmajid ,&nbsp;Asmae Berrada","doi":"10.1016/j.ref.2025.100775","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ref.2025.100775","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Energy storage integration is vital for reliable power supply as reliance on renewables grows. This study investigates the co-optimization and control of an off-grid hybrid system—comprising photovoltaics (PV), wind turbines (WT), hydrogen storage, and gravity energy storage (GES)—as a sustainable alternative to a 624 MW ultra-supercritical coal unit in Morocco. Unlike prior work, this paper explicitly quantifies the distinct roles of GES and hydrogen in coal plant replacement scenarios. A unified framework is proposed to size all system components while performing 8760-hour dispatch simulations to ensure uninterrupted power supply, achieving a 0% loss of power supply probability (LPSP). At this reliability level, the optimal configuration includes ∼1000 PV modules, 594 wind turbines, a GES unit (5 m diameter, 714 m height), and substantial hydrogen infrastructure: a 790 MW electrolyzer, 650 MW fuel cell (FC), and 260 t storage tank. The resulting levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) is 0.23 €/kWh. The system reliably meets demand by leveraging PV, WT, FC, and GES. Intermittency in PV and wind is mitigated through the complementary roles of hydrogen and GES. Hydrogen production aligns with renewable generation, while GES exhibits frequent deep-cycling, highlighting its key balancing function. This analysis demonstrates that a well-sized and controlled PV–WT–Hydrogen–GES system can serve as a credible, clean alternative to coal-based generation. It underscores the potential of hybrid energy storage systems in enabling sustainable, off-grid power solutions, particularly in regions with abundant renewable energy resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29780,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy Focus","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 100775"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145473521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of 100% renewable electricity on hydropower generation in Aotearoa New Zealand","authors":"Philip Stelling ,&nbsp;Alan C Brent ,&nbsp;Daniel Burmester","doi":"10.1016/j.ref.2025.100769","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ref.2025.100769","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aotearoa New Zealand aims to achieve 100% renewable electricity by 2030, currently standing at over 85% from hydro, geothermal, wind, and solar resources. The country’s isolated geography currently necessitates dispatchable hydropower and fossil fuels to manage intermittency and maintain grid stability. A literature review of countries also with high renewable penetrations – Norway, Iceland, Austria, Canada, and Brazil – revealed challenges including price volatility, operational flexibility requirements, dry year risks, and increasing electricity demand from economic growth and electrification. The objective of this paper is to understand the potential consequences for Aotearoa New Zealand by comparing the projected 2030 electricity demand, based on scenarios developed by the government, against anticipated renewable generation capacity, using data on the current generation fleet and the near-term investment pipeline. The method assumed that added capacity of renewables would follow similar generation profiles to existing generators. It is concluded that the 100% renewable electricity target by 2030 is feasible, but only if the committed and actively pursued projects, including offshore wind, are commissioned. Then there would be sufficient generation for all scenarios, maintaining nearly full hydro storage year-round. Minor shortfalls occur during low wind/solar periods (0 to 1% of the year), but with significant excess generation (55 to 65% of the year) where 27 to 42% would be available for effective storage utilisation in the power system. To this end, the shortfalls can be addressed, to some extent, with committed and actively pursued battery storage, which was not included in the analysis due to the uncertainty of how they will be participating in the future electricity market.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29780,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy Focus","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 100769"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145424516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Techno-economic feasibility of hybrid renewable energy systems for continuous demand coverage at the provincial level in South Korea","authors":"Abdulfatai Olatunji Yakub ,&nbsp;Noel Ngando Same ,&nbsp;Deepak Chaulagain ,&nbsp;Abdullahi Yahaya ,&nbsp;Abdulhameed Babatunde Owolabi ,&nbsp;Anthony Fon Tangoh ,&nbsp;Dongjun Suh ,&nbsp;Jong Wook Roh ,&nbsp;Jeong Ok Lim ,&nbsp;Jeung-Soo Huh","doi":"10.1016/j.ref.2025.100788","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ref.2025.100788","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study concerns the need to provide alternatives to the current regime of fossil-fuel energy toward achieving net zero CO2 emissions and limiting the rise in global average temperatures. Here, we focus on the development of hybrid renewable energy systems (HRESs), which combine wind energy, photovoltaic systems, and energy storage to meet the growing demand for renewable energy in South Korea. In this study, the Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm is utilized with an HRES to determine the optimal HRES configuration, evaluated by measuring the net present cost while ensuring that energy demand can be reliably met. We find that solar photovoltaic will yield grid parity in nearly 94.4 % of the regions examined throughout South Korea by 2030, indicating its cost-effectiveness over wind power. However, the most optimal HRES configuration over most of South Korea is the WT-PV-ESS configuration, which combines wind turbines, photovoltaic systems, and universal energy storage, providing the most cost-effective solution. We believe that this study will lay the foundation for further investigation into the analysis and optimization of renewable energy sources in South Korea, paving the way toward reaching our energy goals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29780,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy Focus","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 100788"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145623802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing socio-economic vulnerability factors for hydrogen technology adoption in Malaysia: a systematic review","authors":"Ismallianto Isia ,&nbsp;Bee Huah Lim ,&nbsp;Noor Fifinatasha Shahedan ,&nbsp;Masli Irwan Rosli ,&nbsp;Wai Yin Wong","doi":"10.1016/j.ref.2025.100777","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ref.2025.100777","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The global shift toward clean and sustainable energy systems has highlighted the importance of understanding socio-economic barriers to hydrogen technology acceptance, especially in emerging economies like Malaysia. This systematic review aims to assess the socio-economic vulnerability factors that influence the readiness and capacity of Malaysian communities to transition toward hydrogen technology such as fuel cell applications. A comprehensive literature search across databases was conducted, applying PRISMA guidelines to identify, screen, and analyze peer-reviewed studies published between 2010 and 2025. Out of 427 initially identified articles, 8 were selected for detailed evaluation. Findings reveal that financial constraints, infrastructure disparities, policy gaps, and educational inequalities disproportionately hinder vulnerable communities, exacerbating urban-rural divides and perpetuating energy inequities. Moreover, factors like property ownership, employment status, and digital literacy intersect with demographic and spatial variables, reinforcing systemic inequalities in technology access. This review reveals that conventional, additive vulnerability frameworks are insufficient to address the multifactorial nature of energy adoption challenges. Therefore, we advocate for the integration of context-specific, multidimensional indicators tailored to Malaysia’s socio-political and geographic heterogeneity to ensure an inclusive and equitable clean energy transition. The study concludes with strategic recommendations for policymakers to design data-driven interventions targeting vulnerable groups in the hydrogen energy ecosystem.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29780,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy Focus","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 100777"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145473517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing the flexibility of decentralized energy resources through bi-level optimization in intra-day regional markets","authors":"Arya Abdollahi ,&nbsp;Selma Cheshmeh Khavar","doi":"10.1016/j.ref.2025.100778","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ref.2025.100778","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents an innovative approach to an intra-day, intra-hourly Regional Flexibility Market (RFM) that enhances the utilization of Distributed Generation (DG) flexibility, including energy storage systems, electric vehicles, and photovoltaics. The market is managed by an Advanced Virtual Power Plant (AVPP), which acts as an intermediary and efficiently integrates DG flexibility into power system operations by coordinating transactions among DG aggregators. Beyond facilitating RFM trades, the AVPP also contributes to the Wholesale Flexibility Market (WFM) and helps mitigate short-term fluctuations within the Distribution Network (DN). To achieve an optimal market balance, a hierarchical market clearing mechanism is introduced, ensuring that DG flexibility is efficiently allocated while all participating entities gain economic benefits. The framework is modeled as a bilevel optimization problem with multiple lower-level decision processes, capturing the interactions between the AVPP and aggregators. While the AVPP at the upper level seeks to maximize its own profit, each lower-level problem represents an aggregator’s strategic decision-making process. To enhance computational efficiency, the bilevel formulation is transformed into a single-level mixed-integer linear programming model and tested on a 119-bus DN. The results confirm that the framework effectively utilizes DG flexibility, increasing AVPP profit by 28% and reducing intra-hourly net-load deviations by 35%, thereby improving both economic efficiency and operational stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29780,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy Focus","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 100778"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145424511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability-oriented AC/DC hybrid distribution network planning: A risk-constrained approach","authors":"Zahra Esmaeilzadeh,&nbsp;Hamid Falaghi,&nbsp;Maryam Ramezani","doi":"10.1016/j.ref.2025.100790","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ref.2025.100790","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rising share of direct current (DC) loads and DC-based distributed generations (DGs) challenges the efficiency of alternating current (AC) distribution networks, thereby making hybrid AC/DC distribution networks a more flexible and economical solution. However, uncertainties in AC and DC load demands and renewable DG outputs can lead to violations in bus voltage and line loading limits, which introduces significant risks. The proposed plan includes modeling the security constraints of the problem as a combination of hard and soft constraints. Hard constraints represent strict technical requirements that must be satisfied, whereas soft constraints allow limited violations and are modeled as penalty costs associated with bus voltage deviation and line overload. These penalties are included in the objective function to internalize the cost of risk. The conditional value at risk (CVaR) criterion is employed to quantify and control risk under uncertainty. Ensuring network reliability is a critical aspect of distribution network planning, as it directly influence service continuity and overall operational resilience. Network reliability is modeled through the inclusion of outage-related costs. The overall objective function consists of investment costs, operation costs, and risk. Both risk-averse and risk-seeking strategies are examined by adjusting the weight of the CVaR component. The effectiveness of the proposed methodology is demonstrated using a test distribution network, and a sensitivity analysis is conducted on the planning problem considering both risk and reliability simultaneously under factors such as confidence level, load interruption cost, equipment cost, converter efficiency, and equipment failure rates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29780,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy Focus","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 100790"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145623801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hierarchical energy management system for coordinated operation of multiple grid-tied home microgrids","authors":"Omar Muhammed Neda ,&nbsp;Jafar Adabi ,&nbsp;Mousa Marzband ,&nbsp;Hamidreza Gholinezhadomran","doi":"10.1016/j.ref.2025.100766","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ref.2025.100766","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A smart neighborhood (SN) comprising multiple home microgrids (HMGs) can provide cost-efficient electricity to end-users while supporting the main grid through ancillary services. The integration of renewable energy sources (RESs), energy storage systems (ESSs), and electric vehicles (EVs) introduces dynamic challenges, particularly under varying EV charging behaviors. To address these challenges, this study develops a hierarchical energy management system (HEMS) formulated as an optimization problem and solved using the Aquila optimizer (AO). The proposed HEMS enables the SN to operate as a cloud-based energy storage system (cloud-based ESS), minimizing energy imports from the main grid while maximizing local self-consumption and revenue. The performance of AO is benchmarked against the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm under two control architectures: (i) individual operation, where each local EMS (LEMS) optimizes its own HMG, and (ii) coordinated operation, where a central EMS (CEMS) synchronizes all HMGs, enabling the SN to function collectively as a cloud-based ESS. Simulation results highlight the superior performance of AO under the coordinated CEMS framework. For standard operation, AO reduces main grid imports to 30.62 kWh compared to 61.66 kWh, maintains higher SOC levels across ESSs and EVs (up to 90%), delivers greater total revenue (£44.662 vs. £22.907), and minimizes cumulative error (10.2% vs. 18.7%). Under different EV charging behaviors, AO demonstrates robust adaptability, achieving lower grid imports (40.43 kWh vs. 49.97 kWh), maintaining higher SOC across ESSs and EVs (up to 88.5%), delivering greater total revenue (£15.311 vs. £12.101, +26.5%), and reducing cumulative error from 158.19 to 146.25 (7.6% improvement). These results confirm that the AO-based HEMS efficiently coordinates distributed energy resources, enabling the SN to function as a reliable cloud-based ESS. It improves energy efficiency, economic returns, and grid support while maintaining resilience under dynamic EV charging conditions, providing a scalable and adaptive framework for future SN energy management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29780,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy Focus","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 100766"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145266713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}