Renewable Energy Focus最新文献

{"title":"Optimal operation of a residential energy hub participating in electricity and heat markets","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ref.2024.100646","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ref.2024.100646","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The integration of electricity and heat networks provides significant benefits by enhancing system flexibility and improving overall energy efficiency. Energy hubs play an important role in these interconnected systems, facilitating the production, conversion, and storage of energy across different forms. Potential flexible loads that may exist in an energy hub can further optimize its resource utilization and operational stability. In this respect, this paper addresses the day-ahead energy management of a residential complex modeled as an energy hub, incorporating medium-scale generation and storage units, as well as must-run and flexible loads. We also consider energy hub operator’s energy transactions in power distribution system and district heating and aim to obtain the optimal bidding strategy of this profit-driven agent. The negotiations among the energy hub operator, distribution system operator, and district heat network operator are modeled as a single-leader multi-follower Stackelberg game. A Nash Equilibrium of this game can be obtained by modeling the interactions among players as a bi-level optimization problem. The lower-level problems account for multi-period optimal power flow, modeled as an exact AC optimal power flow, and multi-period optimal thermal flow. The upper-level problem models the energy management of the energy hub. Replacing the lower-level problems with their optimality conditions, the optimal bidding of the energy hub operator can be obtained by solving the resulted mixed-integer linear programming problem as a mathematical program with equilibrium constraints. Finally, we numerically evaluate the proposed framework in a case study for a large residential complex participating in a power distribution and a heat network.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29780,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy Focus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142528950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demand side management programs in smart grid through cloud computing","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ref.2024.100639","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ref.2024.100639","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of power systems requires smart grids to facilitate real-time control and monitoring using bilateral communications across the power grid. With the implementation of a distributed structure, smart grids will be highly reliable, efficient, and secure, as well as affordable in terms of power management. With the expansion of the power grid at the level of distribution and the smarter equipment used by the shareholders, it is necessary to consider measures to balance production and consumption and to optimize the consumer pattern. One of these approaches is the use of demand-side management programs, in which the system operator seeks to optimize the coordination between production units, storage units, and consumption loads in a way that achieves maximum social welfare. This article attempts to present models for planning a demand-side management program that is presented in the presence of new cloud computing technologies. The model proposed is based on the use of storage units and will be able, in addition to covering uncertainty in renewable production, to customize energy reserves and computational capacity in a way that brings the lowest operating costs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29780,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy Focus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142423120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life cycle greenhouse gas emissions assessment: converting an early retirement coal-fired power plant to a biomass power plant","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ref.2024.100643","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ref.2024.100643","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Decommissioning aging coal-fired power plants (CFPPs) represents an effective strategy for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, accelerating energy mix diversification, and achieving nationally determined contributions and net-zero emissions targets. However, dismantling the CFPP and building a renewable energy-based power plant with a capacity equal to a dismantled CFPP could burden state finances. Therefore, converting coal to 100% biomass fuel in the aging CFPP is one of the proposals that needs to be studied. This study conducted an environmental assessment concerning the Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas (LC GHG) emissions, encompassing raw material extraction and power plant operation. Five scenarios were analyzed. Two scenarios related to using sawdust and agroforestry residue for biomass fuel in the aging CFPP. The other three scenarios used biomass fuel from Calliandra wood harvested from tropical forests, production forests, and marginal land, which produced GHG emissions from Land Use Change (LUC). This study demonstrates that sawdust and agroforestry residue can reduce global warming impacts compared to coal. The LUC in higher carbon stock land will increase global warming impacts, while the LUC in lower carbon stock land will reduce global warming impacts. A decrease in the aging CFPP efficiency, when coal is converted to 100% biomass, will cause an increase in global warming impacts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29780,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy Focus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142423118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A methodology for preliminary benefit evaluation of Distributed Generation to drive private investments","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ref.2024.100644","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ref.2024.100644","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Private investments in distributed generation (DG) are typically driven by the interests of private investor, often overlooking possible benefits for the distribution operator. This work presents a methodology that enables power distribution utilities to assess the potential for attracting investments in their networks, considering a regulatory framework where utilities could actively encourage private DG investors. The methodology involves calculating and integrating the benefits associated with investment deferral, losses reduction and reliability improvement into the energy price negotiated between the utility and the DG owner. The proposed approach was applied to an adapted test grid, considering real regulatory aspects related to technical losses and reliability. The results provide support for utilities to perform preliminary financial analyses to determine the appropriate incentives for private DG investors, identifying cases with competitive energy prices for generators. Key contributions of this methodology include a clear and reasonable metric for quantifying the capacity to attract investments based on standard utility data and the importance of incorporating regulatory aspects related to technical losses and reliability, that are often neglected in similar studies. Furthermore, the methodology not only promotes new opportunities for DG investors but also addresses challenges associated with network congestion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29780,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy Focus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142423119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life cycle assessment of photovoltaic panels including transportation and two end-of-life scenarios: Shaping a sustainable future for renewable energy","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ref.2024.100649","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ref.2024.100649","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research study addresses the growing environmental concerns associated with solar photovoltaic (PV) systems which is a pivotal component of renewable energy transition. The primary objective is to advance the comprehension of the environmental sustainability of solar PV technology, with a specific focus on the context of Mexico. This study applies a life cycle assessment (LCA) framework, employing an up-to-date methodology (ReCiPe 2016) and database (Ecoinvent 3.8) for midpoint and endpoint indicators in this problem by considering a specific focus on end-of-life and transportation scenarios which have been absent in the current state-of-the-art research. An LCA approach bridges the gap between midpoint and end-point indicators, bringing transparency to the environmental impact assessment. This research entails a cradle-to-grave LCA of a 1 kW crystalline silicon solar panel over a 25-year lifespan while adapting to ISO 14044 standards for LCA and encompassing both midpoint and end-point indicators, specifically including end-of-life and transportation scenario. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis is conducted to evaluate the variations in environmental indicators considering the life-cycle data. It is reported that recycling processes can cause a substantial mitigating effect on environmental impacts across multiple categories, leading to reductions of up to 89 % in mineral resource scarcity. Notably, the cell processing phase emerges as the most environmentally impactful stage, accounting for 37 % of the total impact. This high impact is predominantly attributed to silver usage and heightened electricity consumption. The sensitivity analysis revealed that various performance indicators exhibited differing degrees of sensitivity to uncertainty in the design variables, highlighting the importance of careful consideration, particularly in addressing the<!--> <!-->impact on the<!--> <!-->ecosystem, when aiming to reduce environmental impacts in the life cycle of silicon solar panels. Our results have also indicated that transportation significantly impacts resource protection, accounting for 15 % of the total impacts in this category, with lesser yet notable contributions to ecosystems and human health. The implications of this work suggest a need for stringent policies to fabricate complete solar photovoltaic modules in Mexico to reduce the environmental burden caused by transportation. Additionally, the insights from this study offer a gateway for the Mexican government to reform current energy transition policies by including multiple recycling scenarios for solar photovoltaic systems, ultimately leading to sustainable growth in this market.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29780,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy Focus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142528873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogen energy storage technology selection through a cutting-edge probabilistic linguistic decision framework","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ref.2024.100642","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ref.2024.100642","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a viable alternative to traditional energy forms, hydrogen energy proves effective owing to its feasible cost and reduced pollution. The storage of such a renewable energy source is essential for ensuring energy security and promoting sustainability. However, earlier studies on energy storage technology (EST) selection cannot handle complex linguistic expressions and hesitation during the decision process. Motivated by the issue, a probabilistic linguistic decision approach is developed in the present study to model linguistic expressions in daily conversations effectively. Besides, a new integrated approach is introduced by considering the regret factor for expert weight determination, weighted Cronbach’s approach for criteria weight determination, and a novel ranking procedure with a weighted approximation for prioritizing ESTs. A case example is exemplified by considering nine criteria and six ESTs to clarify the usefulness and practicality of the proposed framework. The main novelty/benefits of the study are: (i) handle uncertainty better; (ii) capture interrelationship among criteria; (iii) reduce bias by methodically determining the importance of experts; and (iv) provide a personalized ranking of ESTs. Findings depict that total cost is the foremost driver for hydrogen EST selection, while pressure cylinder storage is the most viable technology. Finally, the benefits and usefulness of the study are realized through sensitivity and comparison analyses. This study can guide and assist energy officials, academicians, governments, and other stakeholders facing hydrogen EST selection issues.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29780,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy Focus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142359589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Malaysia’s energy transition and readiness towards attaining net zero: review of the potential, constraints, and enablers","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ref.2024.100640","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ref.2024.100640","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As Malaysia confronts complex challenges of meeting growing energy demands and reducing carbon emissions, the RE transition has become a critical focus for achieving a low-carbon future. This review paper comprehensively evaluates energy transition roadmaps, journal articles, legislative acts, policies, and government initiatives about Malaysia’s commitment towards attaining net zero. The study underscores the pivotal role of collaboration among civil society, government entities, private sectors, and international partners in propelling Malaysia towards a cleaner national energy system. Based on the SWOT-PESTEL analysis, the key findings from this review paper reveal that while Malaysia’s RE transition benefits from supportive policies, economic incentives, and technological advancements, challenges such as financial barriers, public engagement, and regulatory gaps must be addressed. To attain net zero emissions in Malaysia, policy implications are suggested in this paper promoting economic shifts to RE, regulating urban and financial practices for environmental benefits, enhancing forest conservation, investing in energy storage and grid infrastructure, optimising cross-border energy planning, centralising biomass logistics, adopting energy efficiency measures, expanding CCUS technologies, developing decentralised EV charging stations powered by RE, and more. This review paper contributes to the discourse on Malaysia’s energy transition and is a valuable reference for policymakers, researchers, and stakeholders in the energy sector of Malaysia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29780,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy Focus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142423117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peer-to-peer energy trading framework for an autonomous DC microgrid using game theoretic approach","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ref.2024.100636","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ref.2024.100636","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Peer-to-peer (P2P) electricity trading has become the next generation of energy management strategies that economically benefits prosumers by trading electricity as goods and services. The P2P electricity market is expected to support the grid to minimize reserve requirements, lower investment and operational costs, reduce peak demand, and improve reliability. This study proposes a peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading framework for an autonomous DC microgrid. The motivation is to overcome several issues related to P2P reported in the literature: the lack of physical microgrid modeling, absence of an energy management system (EMS) before the P2P trading simulation, and full autonomy of P2P participants. To address these shortcomings, a framework that integrates physical layer (modeling of the microgrid), information layer (EMS), and application layer (P2P trading scheme) is suggested. The P2P market clearance utilizes a non-cooperative game theory incorporating the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) algorithm. To demonstrate the proposed framework, the P2P trading of four households (prosumers) that consists of rooftop PV, local energy storage (LES), and independent community energy storage (CES) is simulated. The objective is to prove the effectiveness of P2P trading in comparison with a framework without it. The MATLAB simulation results show that the system that utilizes P2P trading can reduce the daily overall cost of energy by 47.48 %, that is<em>,</em> from $28.85 (without P2P) to $15.15 (with P2P). This study demonstrated the benefits of P2P energy trading for prosumers and promoted the development of the energy market.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29780,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy Focus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142359588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Day-ahead multi-criteria energy management of a smart home under different electrical rationing scenarios","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ref.2024.100647","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ref.2024.100647","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the recent global energy crisis, some countries have implemented electrical rationing (ER), making it necessary for smart homes to play a pivotal role in optimizing energy consumption and contributing to sustainable practices. To effectively manage smart home consumption, a stochastic programming approach for a grid-connected smart home energy management system (SHEMS) is proposed in this paper. The system includes PV, battery, diesel, and gas-based heating/cooling systems (HCS). Additionally, a demand response program (DRP) has been employed under time-of-use tariffs in the Syrian energy market. The main objective is to minimize the day-ahead expected cost and consumer discomfort by optimizing the operation of dispatchable units and loads. To manage the risks associated with the expected cost due to potential uncertainties in PV energy generation and electrical rationing programs, the conditional value-at-risk (CVaR) approach is adopted. Two methods are proposed to model the uncertainty in PV energy generation; interval bands and interval-based scenarios. The problem is modeled as a mixed-integer non-linear programming (MINLP) model, and coded in GAMS to test different cases. Based on the results obtained, substantial reductions reached 56.2% in worst-case cost scenarios when employing concurrent DRP-risk management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29780,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy Focus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142528947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prosumer networks – A key enabler of control over renewable energy resources","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ref.2024.100648","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ref.2024.100648","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The global challenges of recent years have exacerbated the energy crisis and highlighted the need for reactive and resilient energy systems. This paper emphasises the role of collaborative networks of prosumers in exploiting renewable energy sources to achieve sovereignty over critical resources. A bibliometric study reveals significant discrepancies between countries in statutory energy policies for renewable energy integration and incentives to prosumerism. A dataset of 27 Romanian individual prosumers illustrates the differences in load profiles between residential and industrial prosumers in a temperate continental climate, highlighting the benefits and limits of increasing the share of renewable energy in the national energy system. The study shows the advantage of aggregators balancing production and consumption, provided enough storage capability is available. It also illustrates the evolution of Romanian prosumers, discussing key regulatory and technological factors, advantages, and barriers to collaboration. This research offers municipalities, public authorities, and infrastructure operators a path towards energy independence, in alignment with international efforts toward the adoption of renewable energy. The study provides valuable insights into the benefits and challenges of renewable energy integration, offering practical solutions for achieving energy independence. It also offers relevant information in the effort of legislative harmonization to enable efficient and secure integration of new actors in the electricity system, encouraging responsible prosumers and aggregators and discouraging opportunistic aggregation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29780,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Energy Focus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142528863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}