Journal of the American Nutrition Association最新文献

{"title":"The Impact Plant-Based Diets Have on Athletic Performance and Body Composition: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Nicole Presti, Tegan Mansouri, Molly K Maloney, David Hostler","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2024.2365755","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2024.2365755","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plant-based diets have gained popularity among athletes in recent years. Some believe that plant-based diets will improve performance owing to higher intakes of carbohydrates and antioxidants. Some believe it that will harm performance due to lower intakes of complete protein and creatine. This systemic review was conducted using Covidence software. A literature search of PubMed, Embase (Elsevier), CINAHL Plus (EBSCO), and Web of Science was completed on 22 March 2022. Following the development of clear objectives and a research question that identified the population, intervention, comparison, and outcomes, initial search criteria and keywords were identified. Extracted results totaled 2249, including 797 duplicates. The initial screening resulted in 1437 articles being excluded. The remaining 15 articles proceeded to full-text screening. A final 8 articles were included in the review, with 7 excluded. This paper will review the impact plant-based diets have on athletic performance and body composition in healthy young adults aged 18 to 45 years.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"636-643"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141447192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statement of Retraction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2024.2369458","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2024.2369458","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"567"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141559953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Insights on the Photoprotective Mechanism of the Macular Carotenoids, Lutein and Zeaxanthin: Safety, Efficacy and Bio-Delivery.","authors":"Pawan Kumar, Samudra P Banik, Sunny E Ohia, Hiroyoshi Moriyama, Sanjoy Chakraborty, Chin-Kun Wang, Yong Sang Song, Apurva Goel, Manashi Bagchi, Debasis Bagchi","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2024.2319090","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2024.2319090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ocular health has emerged as one of the major issues of global health concern with a decline in quality of life in an aging population, in particular and rise in the number of associated morbidities and mortalities. One of the chief reasons for vision impairment is oxidative damage inflicted to photoreceptors in rods and cone cells by blue light as well as UV radiation. The scenario has been aggravated by unprecedented rise in screen-time during the COVID and post-COVID era. Lutein and Zeaxanthin are oxygenated carotenoids with proven roles in augmentation of ocular health largely by virtue of their antioxidant properties and protective effects against photobleaching of retinal pigments, age-linked macular degeneration, cataract, and retinitis pigmentosa. These molecules are characterized by their characteristic yellow-orange colored pigmentation and are found in significant amounts in vegetables such as corn, spinach, broccoli, carrots as well as fish and eggs. Unique structural signatures including tetraterpenoid skeleton with extensive conjugation and the presence of hydroxyl groups at the end rings have made these molecules evolutionarily adapted to localize in the membrane of the photoreceptor cells and prevent their free radical induced peroxidation. Apart from the benefits imparted to ocular health, lutein and zeaxanthin are also known to improve cognitive function, cardiovascular physiology, and arrest the development of malignancy. Although abundant in many natural sources, bioavailability of these compounds is low owing to their long aliphatic backbones. Under the circumstances, there has been a concerted effort to develop vegetable oil-based carriers such as lipid nano-emulsions for therapeutic administration of carotenoids. This review presents a comprehensive update of the therapeutic potential of the carotenoids along with the challenges in achieving an optimized delivery tool for maximizing their effectiveness inside the body.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"505-518"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139933193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statement of Retraction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2024.2369460","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2024.2369460","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"568"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141559954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meal Frequency Does Not Affect Weight Loss in Overweight/Obese Women but Affects the Body Composition: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Yazgı Ötüken Köroğlu, Müjgan Öztürk","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2024.2316636","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2024.2316636","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Studies showing the relationship between meal frequency, weight loss and anthropometric measurements are contradictory. This study aims to determine the effect of meal frequency on weight loss, anthropometric measurements, and body composition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a parallel designed randomized control trial that was conducted with 40 female volunteers between the ages of 19-64 years, with a Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥27 who applied to a private clinic. Participants were randomized in two treatment arms (3 meals + 3 snacks/day (<i>n</i> = 20) vs 3 meals/day (<i>n</i> = 20)) and same dietary energy restriction (-500kcal) was applied for 3 months. Food consumption was questioned with 3 day food records, and anthropometric measurements and body composition were measured before the study and repeated each week till the end of the study by the researcher.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All of the participants completed the study period. Body weight (kg), BMI (kg/m²), total body fat (kg), body fat percentage (%), fat free mass (kg) and waist circumference (cm) decreased, while fat free mass percentage (%) increased significantly in both of the groups at the end of the study (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The rate of difference for body weight, BMI (kg/m²) and waist circumference (cm) were similar among the groups. When difference in body composition analyses was examined, the rate of reduction in total body fat (-18.82 ± 4.97% vs -14.87 ± 7.44%) and body fat percentage (%)(-10.79 ± 4.63% vs -7.68 ± 7.04%) and the rate of increase in fat free mass percentage (%)(7.65 ± 3.16% vs 5.04 ± 3.44%) were significantly higher in 3 meals + 3 snacks group (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>When energy restricted and balanced weight loss programs are applied, alteration in body weight, BMI and waist circumference is not affected from meal frequency, but body composition does.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>NCT05581862 (Date of Trial Registration: 13/10/2022).</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"489-497"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139730557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statement of Retraction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2024.2369461","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2024.2369461","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"569"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141564707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Fatalism Does Not Predict Body Mass Index but Is Associated with Diet Quality in Healthy Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Julie M Peterson, Fidela Gjondrekaj, Rebecca S Zambrano, Aliyah McLean, Julia Skinner, Paula Domingues, Diana H Taft, Bobbi Langkamp-Henken","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2024.2330376","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2024.2330376","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Obesity as assessed by body mass index (BMI) is associated with increased risk of chronic disease. Health fatalism, defined as the belief that health outcomes are outside of one's control, is also associated with chronic disease risk. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to understand the relationship between health fatalism and BMI in healthy adults. Secondary outcomes assessed the relationships between health fatalism and diet quality and health fatalism and physical activity.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Healthy individuals aged 18 to 65 years were recruited via ResearchMatch, electronic mailing lists, and social media. Participants completed online questionnaires on demographic characteristics, diet quality, physical activity, and degree of health fatalism. Regression models were used to assess the primary and secondary outcomes. For the primary outcome, the model of health fatalism (predictor) and BMI (outcome) was also adjusted for diet quality, physical activity, and demographic characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants (n = 496) were 38.7 ± 14.3 years old and primarily female (76%) and White (81%), with a BMI of 25.1 ± 5.2 kg/m². Most participants had a college or post-college education (74%), stated that they always had sufficient income to live comfortably (90%), and were moderately to highly active (91%). There was no relationship between health fatalism and BMI (<i>p</i> > 0.05) or health fatalism and physical activity (<i>p</i> > 0.05); however, there was a significant relationship between health fatalism and diet quality (beta coefficient: -0.046; 95% confidence interval, -0.086 to -0.0058; <i>p</i> = 0.025), such that a higher degree of fatalism predicted a slight decrease in diet quality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although health fatalism did not predict BMI in this population, fatalistic beliefs were associated with poorer diet quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"532-538"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140337067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Herbal Composition Alleviates Functional Constipation, Reduces Gastrointestinal Transit Time, and Improves Bowel Function in Adults: A Double-Blind, Randomized Clinical Study.","authors":"Gaurav Singh, Indresh Dixit, Douglas Kalman, Naga Tejaswi Gogineni","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2024.2346073","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2024.2346073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>A recent proof-of-concept pilot clinical study has demonstrated that consumption of CL18100F4, a proprietary herbal blend of <i>Withania somnifera</i> root and <i>Abelmoschus esculentus</i> fruit extracts, significantly relieved the participants from functional constipation and improved their quality of life. The objective of the present randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was to reevaluate the efficacy and tolerability of CL18100F4 in a larger number of subjects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Male and female subjects (<i>n</i> = 135; age: 25-60 years), selected through Rome-IV criteria for functional constipation, were randomized into placebo and 300 or 500 mg of CL18100F4 groups and supplemented daily over 60 consecutive days. The primary efficacy outcome measure was Patient Assessment of Constipation-Symptoms (PAC-SYM), evaluated at baseline and on days 7, 30, and 60 of supplementation. The secondary efficacy parameters included Patient Assessment of Constipation-Quality of Life (PAC-QOL), Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) scores, Gastrointestinal Transit Time (GIT), and Complete Spontaneous Bowel Movement (CSBM). Serum levels of Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, cortisol, gastrin, serotonin, Diamine oxidase (DAO), and Zonulin were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CL18100F4 supplementation significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.001) reduced the PAC-SYM, PAC-QOL, GSRS scores, and GIT and improved CSBM scores. CL18100F4 significantly improved (<i>p</i> < 0.001) sleep quality and decreased depression and anxiety symptoms in the participants. Notably, relief in constipation symptoms and improved gastrointestinal (GI) function were reported starting from day 7. Furthermore, CL18100F4 supplementation significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.001) increased the serum levels of IL-10, DAO, serotonin, gastrin, reduced IL-6, cortisol, and Zonulin. No major adverse events were observed. Participants' vital signs, hematology, clinical biochemistry, and urinalysis parameters were within the normal ranges.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present investigation demonstrates that CL18100F4 is tolerable and efficacious in relieving functional constipation, alleviating GI dysfunction, and improving associated non-GI factors in male and female adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"553-566"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140862048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of <i>Bifidobacterium</i> Intake on Body Weight and Body Fat in Overweight and Obese Adult Subjects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Nicolás Farid Hamed Riveros, Lady García-Corredor, Miguel Angel Martínez-Solarte, Angélica González-Clavijo","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2024.2320192","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2024.2320192","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This systematic review aimed to assess the impact of <i>Bifidobacterium</i> genus probiotics on body weight and body composition parameters in overweight and obese individuals.</p><p><p>A systematic search for randomized controlled trials was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, and Google Scholar databases until April 17, 2023. The inclusion criteria required the trials to involve <i>Bifidobacterium</i> genus probiotics interventions and the evaluation of obesity-related anthropometric and body composition outcomes in overweight or obese subjects. Studies were excluded when involving obese individuals with genetic syndromes or pregnant women, as well as probiotic mixture interventions. The revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials was utilized to assess the quality of the included studies. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed using the mean difference between endpoint measurements and change from baseline for body mass index, body weight, body fat mass, body fat percentage, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, and visceral fat area.</p><p><p>From 1,527 retrieved reports, 11 studies (911 subjects) were included in this review. <i>Bifidobacterium</i> probiotics administration resulted in significant reductions in body fat mass (MD = -0.64 kg, 95% CI: -1.09, -0.18, <i>p</i> = 0.006), body fat percentage (MD = -0.64%, 95% CI: -1.18, -0.11, <i>p</i> = 0.02), waist circumference (MD = -1.39 cm, 95% CI: -1.99, -0.79, <i>p</i> < 0.00001), and visceral fat area (MD = -4.38 cm², 95% CI: -7.24, -1.52, <i>p</i> = 0.003). No significant differences were observed for body mass index, body weight, or waist-to-hip ratio.</p><p><p>This systematic review suggests that <i>Bifidobacterium</i> genus probiotics may contribute to managing overweight and obesity by reducing body fat mass, body fat percentage, waist circumference, and visceral fat area. Further research is required to understand strain and species interactions, optimal dosages, and effective delivery methods for probiotics in obesity management. This review was pre-registered under the PROSPERO record CRD42022370057.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"519-531"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140159201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Macronutrients or Micronutrients Supplementation on Nutritional Status, Physical Functional Capacity and Quality of Life in Patients with COPD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Greta Lattanzi, Diana Lelli, Raffaele Antonelli Incalzi, Claudio Pedone","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2024.2312852","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2024.2312852","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Given the importance that a correct and balanced nutrition has on patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), supplementation of macro and micronutrients has been proposed, but the results of previous meta-analyses are contrasting. We performed an update of the latest evidence through a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies to assess the role of nutritional supplements in improving nutritional status, pulmonary function, physical performance, and quality of life of these patients.We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between 01-01-2010 and 11-01-2023 evaluating the effectiveness of nutritional support in patients affected by stable COPD with an intervention of at least 2 weeks. Primary outcomes were changes in body mass index (BMI) and fat free mass index (FFMI). Secondary outcomes were exercise tolerance (6-min walking test, 6MWT), quality of life (St George's Respiratory Questionnaire, SGRQ) and respiratory function (FEV₁). According with supplements type (macronutrients or micronutrients), we calculated the pooled adjusted mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) of the selected outcomes, using random-effects models in presence of high heterogeneity (I²>50%) or fixed-effects models otherwise. The risk of publication bias was evaluated with the trim and fill method.From 967 articles, 20 RCTs were included. Macronutrients supplementation improved BMI (MD 1.0 kg/m², 95%CI 0.21-1.79), FFMI (MD 0.77 Kg/m², 95%CI 0.48-1.06), 6MQT (MD 68.39 m, 95%CI 40.07-96.71), and SGRQ (MD -5.14, 95% CI -7.31-2.97), while it does not ameliorate respiratory function (MD 0.26% 95%CI -1.87-2.40). Micronutrients supplementation alone did not improve any of the considered outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"473-487"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139703546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}