Journal of the American Nutrition Association最新文献

{"title":"Whey proteins as a functional food: Health effects, functional properties, and applications in food.","authors":"Aslı Yiğit,&nbsp;Paulina Bielska,&nbsp;Dorota Cais-Sokolińska,&nbsp;Gülhan Samur","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2169208","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2169208","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Functional foods are defined as foods and ingredients that exhibit health benefits beyond their nutritional value. Research on functional foods is increasing rapidly as they may help prevent and manage some non-communicable diseases. Whey proteins are recognized as a high-quality nutrient source and known to contain some bioactive components. They are rich in essential amino acids such as cysteine, branched-chain amino acids such as leucine, valine, and isoleucine, and bioactive peptides. Whey proteins look promising as a potential functional food, given its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, blood pressure lowering, anti-obesity, and appetite suppressing effects that is discussed in the literature. Whey proteins also show functional properties that play an essential role in food processing as an emulsifier, fat-replacer, gelling and encapsulating agent and are known to improve sensory and textural characteristics of food. This review focuses on the functional food aspects of whey proteins, associated health effects, and current food applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"758-768"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10593941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy balance and energy availability of female basketball players during the preparation period.","authors":"Bengisu Çetiner-Okşin,&nbsp;Yasemin Güzel,&nbsp;Selin Aktitiz,&nbsp;Şükran Nazan Koşar,&nbsp;Hüseyin Hüsrev Turnagöl","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2183432","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2183432","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the level of energy balance and energy availability (EA) in female basketball players during the preparation period.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifteen basketball players (age: 19.53 ± 1.3 years; height: 173.6 ± 8.95 cm; weight: 67.55 ± 14.34 kg; training experience: 9.6 ± 2.7 years) and 15 age and body mass index-matched controls (age: 19.53 ± 1.1 years; height: 169.4 ± 5.06 cm; weight: 63.10 ± 6.14 kg) participated in the study. Resting metabolic rate (RMR) and body composition were measured by the indirect calorimetric method and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, respectively. A 3-day food diary was used to determine macronutrients and energy intake while a 3-day physical activity log was used to determine energy expenditure. Independent Samples t-test was used for data analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The daily energy intake and expenditure of female basketball players were 2136.5 ± 594.9 kcal·day^-1 and 2953.8 ± 614.5 kcal·day^-1, respectively, indicating 817 ± 779 kcal·day^-1 of negative energy balance. One hundred percent and 66.6% of the athletes failed to meet the carbohydrate and protein intake recommendations, respectively. EA of female basketball players was 33.04 ± 15.69 kcal·fat free mass^-1·day^-1 and the percentages of athletes who had negative energy balance, low EA, and reduced EA were 80%, 40%, and 46.7%, respectively. However, despite the low and decreased EA, the measured RMR to predicted RMR ratio (RMR_ratio) was 1.31 ± 0.17 and the body fat percentage (BF%) was 31.00 ± 5.21%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study shows that female basketball players have a negative energy balance during the preparation period which can be partly explained by insufficient carbohydrate intake. Although most of the athletes experienced low or reduced EA during the preparation period, the physiologically normal RMR_ratio and relatively high BF% indicate that this is a transient situation. In this regard, strategies to prevent the development of low EA and negative energy balance during the preparation period will contribute to positive training adaptations throughout the competition period.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"807-813"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10769386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of the Paleo Diet on Autoimmune Thyroid Disease: A Mixed Methods Review.","authors":"J B Hollywood,&nbsp;D Hutchinson,&nbsp;N Feehery-Alpuerto,&nbsp;M Whitfield,&nbsp;K Davis,&nbsp;L M Johnson","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2022.2159570","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2022.2159570","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this systematic review was to examine the characteristics of Paleolithic diet (PD) interventions designed for adult patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) in order to determine if diet elements have the potential to successfully reduce thyroid antibodies (Ab) such as thyroglobulin (Tg), thyroid peroxidase (TPO), and thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR), and improve thyroid hormones (thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)) or resolve AITD pathogenesis. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with an adult population of 18 years and older, diagnosed with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) or Graves' disease (GD) (Basedow's), who were placed on a diet of Paleolithic or ancestral nature, and achieved reduction of AITD Abs, improvement of thyroid hormones, and, or resolution of AITD were searched. Various electronic databases were used. Bias was assessed using critical appraisal tools from the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) and Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). Studies were excluded according to exclusion criteria and results analyzed. One randomized controlled trial (RCT), a pilot study, and six case studies were found. In total, eight AITD studies focusing on Paleolithic or ancestral interventions were located. In highlight, females were the predominant gender. Case studies solely focused on AITD with protocols ranging from 8-60 weeks. All studies showed clinical improvements, one had significant improvement, two showed AITD resolution. After structured evaluation of nutritional interventions utilizing the PD on the effects of AITD, it was concluded foods of ancestral nature along with the addition of specific supplements, food components, exercise and mindfulness meditation, and exclusion of modern day foods have a considerable impact on thyroid Ab and hormones. The relevant studies suggest while this dietary protocol can be useful in clinical practice, larger-scale studies need to be conducted. Key teaching pointsThere are currently no dietary interventions recommended for the treatment of autoimmune thyroid disease. The Paleo diet has been documented to improve AITD antibodies and thyroid hormones in both Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Graves' disease.The Paleo diet can provide a natural source of nutrients similar to supplemental nutrients that have shown positive results on AITD.The paleo diet provides specific macronutrient percentages that may be beneficial in reducing AITD antibodies, while improving thyroid hormones.Methylation supplementation may be useful in AITD cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"727-736"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10842776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Initiation of Breastfeeding (EIBF) and Its Associated Factors Among Mothers With Infants Aged 0 to 6 Months in Jashore District, Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Suzon Ahmed,&nbsp;Niaz Mahmud,&nbsp;Nisat Farzana,&nbsp;Mst Irin Parvin,&nbsp;Md Alauddin","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2022.2161663","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2022.2161663","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) is one of the most successful interventions for minimizing newborn morbidity and death. According to the database (Bangladesh Demographic Health Survey 2014), only around half of babies begin breastfeeding during the first hour of life in Bangladesh. The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of EIBF in the Jashore area while also investigating its associated factors among mothers of infants aged 0 to 6 months in order to better understand the variables that impacted breastfeeding initiation.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted in the maternity wards of the 3 busiest hospitals in the Jashore district of Bangladesh from May to July 2019. Using random sampling, a total of 423 mother-infant pairs were chosen. Pearson chi-square test and bivariable and multivariable logistic regression statistical analysis were used to identify factors linked to EIBF.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of EIBF was 46.3% (196/423). Mothers who had skin-to-skin contact after delivery (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 2.25; 95% confidential interval [CI], 1.40-3.59), who did not deliver prelacteal food (AOR, 3.68; 95% CI, 1.65-8.21), and who provided colostrum (AOR, 5.89; 95% CI, 1.62-21.49) were more likely to begin breastfeeding within 1 hour than were their counterparts.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>EIBF was found to be strongly linked with skin-to-skin contact after delivery, avoidance of prelacteal feeding, and colostrum feeding practice. As a result, we strongly urge public health officials and health care practitioners to encourage these feeding behaviors in order to increase EIBF.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"737-745"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9078861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutrition Knowledge of Elderly Women: Effect of Two Food and Nutrition Education Programs.","authors":"Estela Lopes Scariot,&nbsp;Adriana da Silva Lockmann,&nbsp;Caroline Buss","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2182384","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2182384","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the effect of two programs of Food and Nutrition Education (FNE) on the Nutrition knowledge of elderly women, Brazil.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Randomized field trial. Community-based elderly women over 60 years (n = 36) participated in a twelve-week intervention in either of two FNE programs: Psychopedagogical Program (PP) or Culinary Workshop Program (CWP). There were three moments of data collection in the study; pre-intervention knowledge data); post intervention and follow up (after 6 months upon intervention completion). A questionnaire about knowledge of food and Nutrition was administered at every data collection moment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the analysis performed by the Generalized Estimation Equation Models (GEE) there was a significant interaction effect (P = 0.033) in the diabetes block in which the percentage of correct answers in the follow-up moment was higher compared to the pre-intervention moment in the CWP group (65.65% and 45.66%, respectively). In the knowledge blocks: total percentage of correct answers, hypertension, food processing, the evaluation effect was observed, regardless of the intervention performed.</p><p><p>Three blocks of knowledge, including the block of the total percentage of correct answers in knowledge in Nutrition, presented a significant evaluation effect, which suggests that the interventions were important for the gain of knowledge, regardless of the type of intervention performed. Elderly-focused FNE programs should include a methodology that encompasses recreational education activities, and practical activities, such as culinary workshops.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"798-806"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9093005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discovery of Alpha-Tocopheryl Succinate as a Cancer Treatment Agent Led to the Development of Methods to Potentially Improve the Efficacy of Cancer Therapy.","authors":"Kedar N Prasad","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2175389","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2175389","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The discovery of alpha-tocopheryl succinate (alpha-TS) as a cancer therapeutic agent markedly stimulated research with or without tumor therapeutic agents on cancer cells and normal cells. Results showed that alpha-TS treatment induced apoptosis in cancer cells and enhanced the apoptotic effects of tumor therapeutic agents on tumor cells in a synergistic manner without affecting the growth of normal cells. Liposomal alpha-TS was more effective than alpha-TS. Some tumors are difficult to treat with chemotherapeutic agents while some become resistant of such treatment. Using a nanotechnology technique, it was demonstrated that alpha-TS conjugated with a chemotherapeutic agent enhanced the levels of apoptosis and restored the sensitivity of tumor cells to that chemotherapeutic agent. The mechanisms of action of alpha-TS alone or in combination with therapeutic agents include the following: (a) inhibition of the expression of oncogenes C-myc and H-ras; (b) alterations in the levels of expression of numerous genes; (c) activation of caspases; (d) inhibition of angiogenesis; (e) destabilization of mitochondria and lysosomes; (f) inhibition of production of production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and PGE2-mediated pro-inflammatory responses; (g) reduction of survivin signaling pathway; and (h) reduction of CD47 expression on the tumor cell surface causing enhancement of phagocytic activity of macrophages leading to engulfment of tumor cells. Despite impressive results in cell culture and in animal models, no studies with alpha-TS alone or in combination with cancer therapeutic agents in human cancer resistant to these therapies have been performed.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"776-782"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9213184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional Problems Related to Oropharyngeal and Esophageal Changes in Aging: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Elif Adanur Uzunlar","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2179553","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2179553","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Today, it is known that the elderly population is increasing rapidly with the quality of life. The United Nations estimate that one in six people will be 65 years or older by 2050. This situation causes interest in the old age period to increase day by day. In parallel with this, studies on the aging process have grown rapidly. Especially the health problems accompanying extended life expectancy and its treatment have become the focus of researchers in recent years. It is a known fact that some sensory and physiological changes in old age affect the quality of oral food intake and food taste. This may lead to inadequate nutritional intake and even rejection of food intake in the elderly. Therefore, severe malnutrition and sarcopenia occur in these individuals, and their life span is shortened. In this review, the effects of aging-related oropharyngeal and esophageal changes and problems on oral food intake will be evaluated. Our increasing knowledge on this subject will contribute to healthcare professionals in the prevention and treatment of health problems such as malnutrition that may occur during the aging process. In this review, a literature search was conducted with the keywords \"older\" or \"elderly\" or \"geriatrics\" and \"nutrition\" or \"malnutrition\" and \"oropharyngeal functions\" or \"esophageal functions\" in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar electronic databases. KEY TEACHING POINTSSome changes may occur in oropharyngeal and esophageal functions with aging.Sensory and physiological changes in the aging process affect oral food intake and nutritional status.Impairments in oral food intake in elderly individuals can lead to malnutrition and sarcopenia.Age-related changes affecting oral food intake increase the importance of nutritionists with the increase in the elderly population.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"790-797"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10776746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ordered Eating and Its Effects on Various Postprandial Health Markers: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Brian K Ferguson,&nbsp;Patrick B Wilson","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2022.2161664","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2022.2161664","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Aberrations in glucose, insulin, and other postprandial (PP) markers are common in obesity and cardiometabolic disorders. One potentially simple lifestyle/dietary modification to manage these issues is to change the order in which foods are consumed within meals. Carbohydrate exerts the largest effect on PP glucose, and there is some evidence that ingesting dietary fat or protein before carbohydrate delays gastric emptying of carbohydrate and reduces PP glucose. Additionally, certain dietary proteins may augment insulin release if ingested with carbohydrate, thereby improving blood glucose clearance. This review aimed to systematically evaluate evidence from acute experiments that modified the order in which foods were consumed in isocaloric meals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Outcomes of interest were PP glucose and insulin (including area under the curve for both), C-peptide, gut hormones, and perceptual responses. Three databases were searched (PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science) in February 2022. Additionally, reference lists of identified reports were searched, and an author of several studies was consulted to verify that relevant literature was included. The review included acute interventions that administered isocaloric meals of the same foods but with foods eaten in different orders. Studies were not excluded based on participant characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eleven reports were identified. All reports that assessed glucose and insulin showed a tendency toward lower levels, at least over parts of the PP period, by consuming carbohydrates last. GLP-1 tended to be higher in carbohydrate-last conditions, though this was only measured in a few studies. Perceptual responses (hunger, fullness, etc.) were not consistently different between conditions in two studies, but the certainty of evidence was very low.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings indicate that, at least acutely, there may be benefits to eating carbohydrate after vegetable and/or protein-rich foods. The most consistent effect (judged as moderate certainty) is that carbohydrate-last meal orders tend to lower blood glucose and insulin excursions.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"746-757"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10445319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of a Proprietary Fenugreek Seed Extract (<i>Trigonella foenum-graecum</i>, Furocyst®) in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study.","authors":"Amarjeet Singh,&nbsp;Shalini Gainder,&nbsp;Pradipta Banerjee,&nbsp;Apurva Goel,&nbsp;Pawan Kumar,&nbsp;Banashree Mondal,&nbsp;Samudra P Banik,&nbsp;Debasis Bagchi","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2022.2126410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27697061.2022.2126410","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by hyperandrogenemia, a quite common heterogenous endocrine/hormonal disorder, and accompanied by elevated androgen level, menstrual irregularity, and hirsutism. The consequences include infertility or miscarriage. It is a challenging problem to the physicians. In a one-arm, non-randomized preliminary investigation in fifty premenopausal women, we demonstrated the efficacy of Furocyst^®, a patented, standardized <i>Trigonella foenum-graecum</i> extract, in ameliorating the symptoms of PCOS over a period of 90 consecutive days.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In the present study, a double-blind, two-arm, single-center, randomized, comparative study was conducted to assess the efficacy of Furocyst^® (2 capsules of 500 mg/day) in 208 pre-menopausal women diagnosed with PCOS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ethical committee approval was obtained. A total of 208 subjects (placebo = 95; Furocyst^® = 113; age:18-45 years, BMI < 42 kg/m²) completed the investigation. The comparative efficacy of placebo and Furocyst^® was assessed on the number of cysts, ovarian volume, hirsutism, LH:FSH ratio, titer of TSH, SHBG, prolactin and free testosterone. Key clinical parameters such as fasting blood glucose levels, HOMA Index, cholesterol, LDL, and triglyceride levels, as well as total blood chemistry were also investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Furocyst^® supplementation significantly reduced the number of cysts, ovarian volume, and hirsutism levels, as well as normalized the menstrual cycle in Furocyst^®-treated subjects as compared to placebo group. Furocyst^® significantly reduced luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels, and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, and reduced the prolactin and SHBG levels. Furocyst^® significantly reduced the fasting blood glucose levels, HOMA Index, cholesterol, LDL, and triglyceride levels as compared to the placebo group, while the free testosterone levels were significantly decreased in the Furocyst^® group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The studies collectively demonstrated the efficacy of Furocyst^® as a safe, natural phytochemical-based formulation to alleviate the symptoms of PCOS. No significant adverse events were observed.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":"42 7","pages":"651-659"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10094661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Powder Formulation of the Ketone Ester, Bis Hexanoyl (R)-1,3-Butanediol, Rapidly Increases Circulating ß-Hydroxybutyrate Concentrations in Healthy Adults.","authors":"Kristin M Nieman,&nbsp;Joshua C Anthony,&nbsp;Brianna J Stubbs","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2022.2117743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27697061.2022.2117743","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> Growing interest in the metabolic state of ketosis has driven development of exogenous ketone products to induce ketosis without dietary changes. Bis hexanoyl (R)-1,3-butanediol (BH-BD) is a novel ketone ester which, when consumed, increases blood beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) concentrations. BH-BD is formulated as a powder or ready-to-drink (RTD) beverage; the relative efficacy of these formulations is unknown, but hypothesized to be equivalent.<b>Methods:</b> This randomized, observer-blinded, controlled, crossover decentralized study in healthy adults (n = 15, mean age = 33.7 years, mean BMI = 23.6 kg/m²) aimed to elucidate blood BHB and glucose concentrations before and 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 minutes following two serving sizes of reconstituted BH-BD powder (POW 25 g, POW 12.5 g), compared to a RTD BH-BD beverage (RTD 12.5 g), and a non-ketogenic control, all taken with a standard meal.<b>Results:</b> All BH-BD products were well tolerated and increased BHB, inducing nutritional ketosis (BHB <b>≥</b>0.5 mM) after ∼15 minutes, relative to the control. BHB remained elevated 2 h post-consumption. The control did not increase BHB. Ketosis was dose responsive; peak BHB concentration and area under the curve (AUC) were two-fold greater with POW 25 g compared to POW 12.5 g and RTD 12.5 g. There were no differences in peak BHB and AUC between matched powder and RTD formulas. Blood glucose increased in all conditions following the meal but there were neither significant differences in lowest observed concentrations, nor consistent differences at each time point between conditions. These results demonstrate that both powdered and RTD BH-BD formulations similarly induce ketosis with no differences in glucose concentrations in healthy adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":"42 7","pages":"635-642"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10097032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}