Journal of the American Nutrition Association最新文献

{"title":"Association Between Live Microbe Intake and NAFLD: Evidence From NHANES 2003-2018.","authors":"Chuanlei Fan, Yang He, Jian Yang, Mingxu Da","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2270537","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2270537","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to shed light on the potential relationship between live microbe intake and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>By using a cross-sectional study design, the researchers were able to investigate the possible causal association between the two variables in a rigorous and systematic manner.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study investigated the correlation between the intake of live microbe-containing foods and NAFLD in a representative sample of adults. The study found that the intake of live microbe-containing foods was associated with lower blood pressure, plasma glucose, NAFLD, body mass index, glycated hemoglobin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, as well as higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In univariate logistic regression, high dietary live microbe intake was associated with lower NAFLD prevalence than low intake (OR = 0.830; 95% CI, 0.759 to 0.908; <i>p</i> < 0.001). After adjusting for multiple variables, the same conclusion was supported (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In subgroup analyses, there was a significant difference in the race and smoking groups, with <i>p</i> for interaction of 0.01 and 0.02, respectively. This study's findings serve to augment the existing body of evidence linking live microbes with favorable health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study revealed a robust correlation between dietary intake of live microbes and the prevalence of NAFLD in a cross-sectional analysis. Our findings offer a novel perspective on NAFLD research, highlighting the potential of targeted modulation of specific bacterial taxa, including the promotion of beneficial bacteria and suppression of harmful ones, as a promising strategy for preventing and treating NAFLD.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"272-278"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71486757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Synergistic Botanical Composition Increases Resting Energy Expenditure and Reduces Adiposity in High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats.","authors":"Sreenath Kundimi, Gopichand Chinta, Krishnaraju Venkata Alluri, Trimurtulu Golakoti, Sudipta Veeramachaneni, Guru Ramanathan, Krishanu Sengupta","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2280777","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2280777","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>An imbalance between dietary energy intake and energy expenditure may result in body fat gain or obesity. Increasing resting energy expenditure (REE) is an attractive strategy for managing body fat gain. The objective of the current study was to generate proof-of-concept data on a synergistic composition (LN19183) of <i>Citrus aurantifolia</i> fruit rind (CA) and <i>Theobroma cacao</i> seed (TC) extracts to increase REE and reduce body fat gain in a high-fat diet (HFD)-fed rats.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In <i>in vitro</i> cell-based experiments, CA, TC, or LN19183 were tested for fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21) production from 3T3-L1 mouse adipocytes. Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1) and beta3-adrenergic receptor (β3-AR) protein expressions in LN19183-treated 3T3-L1 lysates were also tested. The 56-day <i>in vivo</i> study in male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats (age: 12-14 weeks; body weight [b.w.]: 115-197 g) contained 2 phases of 28 days each of induction and supplementation. Seven rats received a regular rodent diet (RD) over 56 days. In the induction phase, 21 rats received HFD; in the supplementation phase, the obese rats (<i>n</i> = 7) received either HFD alone or in concurrence with a daily oral dose of either 100 or 250 mg/kg b.w. of LN19183 for 28 days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 3T3-L1 adipocytes, LN19183 synergistically increased FGF-21 production and dose-dependently increased β3-AR and UCP-1 protein expression. In HFD-fed rats, both doses of LN19183 supplementation significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) decreased the body weight gain, total fat mass, and liver weight and increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) REE. High-dose LN19183 also significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) increased fat oxidation and UCP-1 protein expression in white fat tissue and reduced liver triglyceride (TG) level. LN19183-supplemented groups substantially reduced serum TG and glucose levels compared to the HFD rats.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>LN19183 reduces body fat mass and weight gain via increased REE and fat oxidation in HFD-fed obese rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"286-295"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138446479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low Energy Intake Leads to Body Composition and Performance Decrements in a Highly-Trained, Female Athlete: The WANDER (Woman's Activity and Nutrition during an Extensive Hiking Route) Case Study.","authors":"Catherine Saenz, Aydan Jordan, Lillia Loriz, Kevin Schill, Megan Colletto, Judith Rodriguez","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2282614","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2282614","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This case study's purpose was to quantify energy intake vs energy expenditure during a thru-hiker's trek and assess its relationship to performance and health.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A highly trained, female thru-hiker (Age (yrs): 62, Ht (cm): 157, Wt (kg): 53.5, BMI (kg/m²): 21.7, %BF: 26.0) embarked on a 4-month journey through the Pacific Crest Trail, USA. The athlete's body composition and 3-day diet record were assessed before (PRE) and after the hike (POST). During the hike, she tracked her diet and performance daily and completed a wellness survey each time she reached a town-check point. Data were analyzed for descriptive (weekly averages, means ± SD) and frequency statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>She spent 10 wk (∼70 days) on the trail and hiked 1,506.35 km (26.1 ± 3.2 km/day) with an estimated energy expenditure of ∼2334 ± 351 kcal/day. During the hike, she under consumed calories (1285.3 ± 103 kcal) and dietary carbohydrate (169.5 ± 19.5g), fat (49.7 ± 5.8g), protein (41.9 ± 4.8g; 0.8 g/kg), fiber (11.8 ± 2.1g) and sodium (1642.4 ± 298.6 mg) when compared to ultra-endurance nutrition recommendations. She was unable to complete the trail due to fatigue and anthropometric changes. By POST, she had decreased total mass (PRE: 53.5 kg vs POST: 48.4 kg), BMI (PRE 21.6 vs POST: 19.5), fat-free mass (PRE: 39.6 vs POST: 38.8), and body fat (PRE: 26% vs POST: 19.6%) when compared to PRE.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Trail-related challenges combined with high energy expenditures led to low nutrient intake which contributed to trail-ending injuries and performance decrements. Research aimed at addressing the barriers associated with thru-hike fueling is needed to identify nutritional opportunities to support hikers' performance and reduce injury risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"296-303"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138462990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) on Cardiometabolic Parameters in Patients with Dyslipidemia: A Randomized, Add-on Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.","authors":"Rituparna Maiti, Rashmi Ranjan Mohanty, Anupam Dey, Shampa Maji, Milan Padhan, Archana Mishra","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2256816","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2256816","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Statin monotherapy for dyslipidemia is limited by adverse effects and limited effectiveness in certain subgroups like metabolic syndrome. Add-on therapy with an agent with a known safety profile may improve clinical outcomes, and virgin coconut oil (VCO) may be the candidate agent for improving the cardiometabolic profile. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of add-on VCO with atorvastatin in dyslipidemia in adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A randomized, double-blind clinical trial was conducted on 150 patients with dyslipidemia who were randomized into control and test groups. The control group received atorvastatin monotherapy, whereas the test group received add-on VCO with atorvastatin for 8 weeks. At baseline, demographic, clinical, and biochemical parameters were assessed and repeated after 8 weeks of therapy. The main outcome measures were lipid profile, cardiovascular risk indices, 10-year cardiovascular risk, body fat compositions, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The increase in HDL in the test group was significantly greater than in the control group (MD: 2.76; 95%CI: 2.43-3.08; <i>p</i> < 0.001). The changes in the atherogenic index (<i>p</i> = 0.003), coronary risk index (<i>p</i> < 0.001), cardiovascular risk index (<i>p</i> = 0.001), and TBARS (<i>p</i> < 0.001) were significantly greater in the test group. The decrease in LDL, total cholesterol and lipoprotein(a), were significantly higher in the control group. There were no significant differences between the groups with respect to the changes in triglyceride, VLDL, and 10-year cardiovascular risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Add-on VCO (1000 mg/day) with atorvastatin (10 mg/day) can achieve a better clinical outcome in patients with dyslipidemia by increasing HDL and improving oxidative stress cardiovascular risk indices.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"244-251"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10240262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Role of 17β-Estradiol on the Serotonergic System, Targeting Soy Isoflavones as a Strategy to Reduce Menopausal Depression: A Mechanistic Review.","authors":"Scotti McLaren, Karin Seidler, James Neil","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2255237","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2255237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Low serotonin is one factor implicated in the development of depression. 17β-estradiol (E2) has been shown to modulate gene expression regulating the neurotransmission of serotonin. Sex hormone levels fluctuate dramatically during the menopausal transition, coinciding with a 14-fold increased risk of depression. This review aimed to examine the effect of soy isoflavones to support decreased and variable E2 levels before and after menopause, linked to an investigation of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the protective influence of E2 on the serotonin pathway. The overall aim of this review is to assess the potential of soy isoflavones to reduce depression in middle-aged women. A systematic literature search was performed in three stages. 1,421 papers were screened for relevance to the research aims and objectives. 63 papers were selected based on pre-defined inclusion/exclusion criteria (13 reviews, 24 mechanistic and 26 intervention studies) and critically appraised. Available research supported the hypotheses that E2 increases serotonin synthesis and availability through stimulation of tryptophan hydroxylase-2 (TPH-2) and decreased degradation by monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A). There was less scientific agreement on the effects of E2 on serotonin transporter (SERT) and serotonin receptors 1 A and 2 A. Studies varied widely on the effectiveness of soy isoflavones in reducing depressive symptoms in (peri)menopausal women. Animal and human studies acknowledge women's increased risk of depression linked to fluctuating E2 rather than absolute levels. However, mechanisms linking E2 variability with depression remain an underrepresented area of research. Study limitations and heterogeneity may contribute to varying results for soy isoflavones and some effects of E2 on the serotonin pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"221-235"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10579326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virgin Coconut Oil Alleviates Dextran Sulphate-Induced Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Modulates Inflammation and Immune Response in Mice.","authors":"Silpa Prabha, Sanjay Tamoli, Achuthan C Raghavamenon, Kanjoormana Aryan Manu","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2266742","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2266742","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Virgin coconut oil (VCNO), an unrefined kernel oil from <i>Cocos nucifera</i> L., has considerable medicinal and nutritive value. Experimental evidence suggests its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, chemoprotective, analgesic, and hypolipidemic effects. Presently, the effect of VCNO on ameliorating dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced inflammatory bowel disease and cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppression in experimental animals was analyzed.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>DSS (4%) was administered to BALB/c mice through drinking water for 12 days to induce inflammatory bowel disease, and VCNO (500, 750, and 1000 mg/kg bwt) was supplemented orally for 12 days. For anti-inflammatory studies, lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 250 µg/animal) was injected into the intraperitoneal cavity of Swiss albino mice followed by 7 days' pretreatment of VCNO (500, 750, and 1000 mg/kg bwt). To understand the mechanism of action, serum from all animals was collected after 6 hours of LPS challenge and levels of proinflammatory cytokines were analyzed using enzyme-inked immunosorbent assay. In addition to this, immunosuppression was induced by CTX (50 mg/kg bwt, po) in Swiss albino mice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Oral administration of VCNO effectively reversed the pathologies associated with inflammatory bowel disease induced by DSS, including loss of body weight, increased disease activity index, shortening of colon length, diarrhea, and rectal bleeding. Histopathological examination showed that VCNO restored the damage in colon tissue induced by DSS. Similar trends were noticed in levels of myeloperoxidase and mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines in colon tissue. In addition to this, supplementation of VCNO markedly reduced the hike in the level of serum proinflammatory cytokines in LPS-challenged mice. Further, administration of VCNO effectively increased spleen and thymus indexes and stimulated the production of interferon-γ in serum.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, this study revealed that VCNO alleviates inflammatory bowel disease and inflammation; concurrently, it can revert immunosuppression.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"261-271"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71414353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is the Caloric Midpoint Associated with Food Cravings and Food Intake in Pregnant Women?","authors":"Samira Gonçalves Mendes, Gabriela Pereira Teixeira, Laura Cristina Tibiletti Balieiro, Walid Makin Fahmy, Cristiana Araújo Gontijo, Yara Cristina de Paiva Maia, Cibele Aparecida Crispim","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2255244","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2255244","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> The field of chrononutrition suggests that mealtime can influence food intake. Previous studies have linked the caloric midpoint - defined as the time at which 50% of the daily energy is consumed - with different aspects of food consumption. However, its relationship with food craving remains unexplored. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between caloric midpoint, food craving, and food consumption in pregnant women.<b>Methods:</b> The study comprised 233 pregnant women classified as early eaters (caloric midpoint ≤ 1:00pm) and late eaters (caloric midpoint >1:00pm). Food craving were assessed using Food Craving Trait and State Questionnaires. Energy and nutrient intake, as well as mealtimes, were assessed using a 24-h food recall.<b>Results:</b> No association between caloric midpoint and food craving was found. However, late eaters consumed more calories (2039.47 kcal vs 1843.44 kcal; <i>p</i> < 0.001), carbohydrates (255.06 g vs 211.12 g; <i>p</i> = 0.002), total fat (73.1 g vs 64.8 g; <i>p</i> = 0.003), monounsaturated fat (21.33 mg vs 18.59 mg; <i>p</i> = 0.002) and saturated fat (24.37 mg vs 22.21 mh; <i>p</i> = 0.01) and had higher consumption of calories and macronutrients in the first (calories: 275.63 vs 213.41, <i>p</i> = 0.007; carbohydrate: 170.42 vs 142.54, <i>p</i> = 0.01; total fat: 56.49 vs 50.17, <i>p</i> = 0.04) and second (calories: 213.21 vs 151.59, <i>p</i> = 0.04; carbohydrate: 130.44 vs 96.6, <i>p</i> = 0.04; protein: 15.17 vs 13.71, <i>p</i> = 0.03) afternoon snack, dinner (calories: 576.89 vs 412.4, <i>p</i> < 0.001; carbohydrate: 230.76 vs 169.45, <i>p</i> < 0.001; protein: 80.48 vs 68.9, <i>p</i> = 0.02; total fat: 212.77 vs 147.12, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and late-night snack (calories: 135.75 vs 68.3, <i>p</i> = 0.04; total fat: 13.23 vs 22.45, <i>p</i> = 0.04) than early eaters.<b>Conclusion:</b> Pregnant women who concentrate their meals at later times consumed more calories, macro and micronutrients throughout the day and in the night meals when compared to early eaters.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"236-243"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10172148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship of Food Literacy and Sustainable Consumption Behaviors with Anthropometric Measurements during the Covid-19 Pandemic Period: A Sample from Turkey.","authors":"Cansu Çelik, Perim Fatma Türker, Hilal Çalışkan","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2272257","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2272257","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the impact of food literacy and sustainable consumption behaviors on nutritional status during the pandemic in Turkey.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was conducted between May and July 2021 with a questionnaire delivered in a digital environment (social media, Twitter/Facebook/Instagram) to 200 volunteer adults aged 20-65. With this questionnaire form, sociodemographic characteristics, general information, and consumer behaviors of the individuals were obtained. Anthropometric measurements (height, body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, hip circumference, waist/hip ratio, and waist/height ratio) of the individuals were recorded online as self-report. The Self Perceived Food Literacy (SPFL) Scale was administered to measure nutritional literacy levels. To measure the sustainable consumption behaviors of the individuals, the Sustainable Consumption Behavior (SCB) Scale was administered.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that 87.2% of women and 40% of men had heard of sustainable nutrition before (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The mean total score of SCB was statistically significantly higher in women than in men (3.1 ± 0.48 in women, 2.9 ± 0.69 in men, <i>p</i> < 0.05). The mean score of SPFL was 3.31 ± 0.275 in women, while it was 3.05 ± 0.395 in men. There was a statistically significant relationship between SPFL mean scores and gender (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There was a statistically significant negative relationship between SPFL score and BMI, body weight, and waist/hip ratio. There was a statistically significant negative relationship between the SCB and waist/hip ratio. Food literacy and sustainable consumption behaviors are associated with anthropometric measurements. Sustainable nutrition, sustainable consumption behaviors, and food literacy should be considered as a whole. Trainings should be increased to raise awareness of individuals about food literacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"279-285"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71414352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-Reported Nutritional Status and Breakfast Characterization in Latin American University Students.","authors":"Silvana Saavedra Clarke, Solange Parra-Soto, Gabriela Murillo, Valeria Carpio-Arias, Leslie Landaeta-Díaz, Edna J Nava-González, Israel Ríos-Castillo, Beatriz Elizabeth Nuñez-Martínez, Georgina Gómez, Jacqueline Araneda-Flores, Brian M Cavagnari, Gladys Morales, Eliana Romina Meza Miranda, Jhon Jairo Bejarano-Roncancio, Saby Mauricio-Alza, Karla Cordón-Arrivillaga, Samuel Durán-Agüero","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2263526","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2263526","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To associate breakfast consumption frequency with self-reported nutritional status and dietary patterns of Latin American university students by human development.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional, multicenter observational study. University students from 11 Latin American countries (Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Mexico, Peru, Paraguay, Panama and Uruguay) were invited to participate by answering an online self-administered questionnaire on food consumption and sociodemographic indicators, associations were investigated using logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The logistic regression analysis showed significant associations between breakfast consumption and the crude model, models 2 and 3 in countries with very high and upper-middle/high human development. However, after adjustment in the most comprehensive model, the association is no longer statistically significant. In the fully adjusted model of the variables, a significant relationship was observed between breakfast consumption and both healthy and unhealthy dietary patterns. Specifically, students who typically consume breakfast exhibit greater consumption of oatmeal and fruits, as well as healthier dinner choices. Conversely, they exhibit lower consumption of fast food, sugary drinks, and juices. In particular, in highly developed countries, along with the mentioned foods, consumption of dairy was linked to breakfast consumption in a positive way, while alcohol consumption was negatively associated.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>University students who eat breakfast on a regular basis maintain a healthier diet in comparison to those who do not, irrespective of their country's level of human development.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"252-260"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41151787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lactose Intolerance - Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Treatment.","authors":"Zlatina Chengolova, Radina Ivanova, Katya Gabrovska","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2251557","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2251557","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The majority (about 70%) of the world's population suffers from lactose intolerance. Lactose intolerance leads to long-term discomfort when consuming milk and dairy products, and hence, to their avoidance. Consequently, the intake of important nutrients is reduced, which potentially has a negative impact on the overall health. Knowing the condition - lactose intolerance - will prevent people from unnecessarily restricting dairy products in their diets. In this study, lactose synthesis and catabolism in the human body are presented, also the types of lactose intolerance, as well as the methods of diagnosing this condition, are discussed. Special attention is paid to the genetic causes of this discomfort and to the tests that can be performed. Solutions for the treatment of lactose intolerance have also been proposed, both up-to-date and easily applicable, as well as future developments.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"213-220"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10110872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}