Journal of the American Nutrition Association最新文献

{"title":"Effects of Intensive Periodized Training with Multi-Strain Probiotic Supplements on Training Adaptation and Exercise Performance in Amateur Runners.","authors":"Qianqian Liu, Junwei Wang, Jianglong Wan, Yezhao Xu, Yu Zhang, Changliang Zhang, Runxin Wang, Kai Ma, Xuan Zhou, Yusi Yin, Dandan Hu, Xiaohui Lei, Hui Wang, Peng Liao","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2026.2694719","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2026.2694719","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study investigated whether intensive periodized training combined with multi-strain probiotics affects training adaptation and exercise performance in amateur runners.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty amateur runners were randomly assigned to receive either a multi-strain probiotic (PG, <i>n</i> = 15) or a placebo (CG, <i>n</i> = 15) during a four-week, intensive periodized training program. Two participants withdrew from the PG. Before and after the intervention, comprehensive laboratory, physical, and psychological assessments were conducted to evaluate training adaptation and exercise performance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Linear mixed-effects models indicated that intensive period training improved body composition, VO_2peak, and W_peak, accompanied by increased cortisol levels and a reduced testosterone-to-cortisol ratio. Probiotic supplementation alongside training attenuated biomarkers of exercise-induced muscle damage and endocrine disturbance, including Alanine aminotransferase levels, reduced athlete burnout scores, and modulated the fecal Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. Significant group × time interactions were observed for several key bacterial taxa.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Intensive period training effectively enhances exercise performance and body composition. Probiotic supplementation might provide additional benefits related to training adaptation, gut microbiota modulation, and athlete burnout attenuation.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"719-730"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148370000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sports Dietitians' Methods of Assessing Energy Deficiency Among Free-Living Athletes.","authors":"Michelle T Barrack, Lauren M Visconti, Kati Von Seggern","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2026.2694020","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2026.2694020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Persistent energy deficiency may negatively affect reproductive function, bone health, and other body systems; however, information regarding the methods of evaluating energy deficiency among sports dietitians working with free -living athletes is limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study aimed to assess methods used by sports dietitians to evaluate energy deficiency and compare according to practice setting and level of experience in the field. Sports dietitian participants completed a 39-item survey addressing methods of evaluating energy intake, energy expenditure, anthropometric measures, eating attitudes and behaviors, and related biomarkers or clinical assessments. Chi-square tests evaluated differences in assessment methods according to practice setting and level of experience in the field.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty-nine sports dietitians submitted a complete survey. Energy intake (100%), exercise energy expenditure (98.9%), disordered eating (93.2%), and body weight (84.3%) were most frequently assessed. Sixty-six percent of participants assessed energy balance (EB) and 41.6% assessed energy availability (EA); 31.5% (<i>n</i> = 28) evaluated EB and EA. Energy intake was evaluated most frequently with a diet history (48.3%) or food logs (30.3%); activity factor estimates (49.4%) or exercise logs (29.2%) were most often used to evaluate energy expenditure. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (15.7%) and air displacement plethysmography (14.6%) were most frequently used to measure body composition. A higher proportion of RDNs with ≥7 years vs. <7 years of experience reported measuring EA (59.5% vs. 28.8%, <i>p</i> = 0.005).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While most sports dietitians evaluated energy deficiency, the protocol and assessment methods varied widely and differed according to years of experience and practice setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"710-718"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148399608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Skeletal Muscle Mass Predict Urine and Saliva Measures of Hydration Status? A Cross-Sectional Analysis.","authors":"Ian P Winter, Patrick B Wilson","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2026.2705957","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2026.2705957","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Available evidence indicates that fat-free mass and muscle mass positively associate with baseline urine specific gravity, particularly in physically active individuals and athletes. Relatively little, however, is known about the relationships between skeletal muscle mass and other hydration biomarkers in more diverse samples. This investigation sought to evaluate the associations between skeletal muscle mass and hydration status measured <i>via</i> urine specific gravity, urine osmolality, and saliva osmolality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighty-three adults (37 men, 46 women; 36.1 ± 13.2 yr, 170.6 ± 9.4 cm, 90.0 ± 17.9 kg; 27.9 ± 11.8% body fat) visited the laboratory once to complete body composition testing and provide spot urine and saliva samples. Urine and saliva were analyzed using a digital pocket refractometer, benchtop osmometer, and portable handheld saliva osmometer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Urine osmolality and specific gravity were highly associated with one another (ρ = 0.98, <i>p</i> < 0.001; <i>n</i> = 81). In contrast, saliva osmolality showed no significant associations with urine specific gravity (ρ = 0.04, <i>p</i> = 0.726; <i>n</i> = 82) or urine osmolality (ρ = 0.03, <i>p</i> = 0.795; <i>n</i> = 81). Furthermore, urine specific gravity, urine osmolality, and saliva osmolality all showcased no statistically significant relationships with skeletal muscle mass, in either unadjusted or adjusted (age, past 4h fluid intake, and time of day) analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The insignificant associations between muscle mass and hydration measures are possibly due to the diverse physical activity of participants, variations in sampling time of day, and limited control over pre-visit nutritional intake. In comparison to homogenous athlete samples, there may be less of a relationship between muscle mass and hydration measures in diverse populations, particularly when relatively unrestricted pre-testing controls are imposed.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"755-760"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148550706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Pumpkin Seed Oil as Natural Adjunct for Hormonal Regulation in Male Gynecomastia: Clinical Insights and Outcomes.","authors":"Jamuna Jayaraj, V S Rani Thankam","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2026.2704528","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2026.2704528","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This research aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of pumpkin seed oil supplementation in men with early-stage gynecomastia. The research focused on determining whether pumpkin seed oil, rich in omega-3 fatty acids, phytosterols, and zinc, is associated with improved improve hormonal balance by influencing serum testosterone and estradiol levels. The study also assessed its impact on gynecomastia-related clinical symptoms and the safety of supplementation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Men aged 18-50 years with early-stage gynecomastia and stable lifestyle and dietary habits are included, while individuals with major comorbidities or pumpkin-related allergies are excluded. Participants received standardized pumpkin seed oil supplementation for several weeks. Serum hormone levels, including testosterone and estradiol, are measured before and after the intervention. Clinical breast symptoms are evaluated using severity scores, and safety is assessed through clinical observation and participant self-reports.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pumpkin seed oil supplementation increased testosterone levels from 513 ± 35 to 539 ± 35 ng/dL (+5.07%) and decreased estradiol levels from 30.8 ± 3.5 to 26.4 ± 3.0 pg/mL (-14.16%). Clinical symptom severity improved, with scores reducing from 2.5-3.0 to approximately 1.2. Side effects are minimal, with 85% of participants reporting no adverse effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pumpkin seed oil demonstrated beneficial effects on hormonal regulation by increasing testosterone and reducing estradiol levels, suggesting its potential as a safe natural adjunct for managing hormone-related gynecomastia.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"740-754"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148621597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statement of Retraction: A Standardized Asparagus Racemosus Root Extract Improves Hormonal Balance and Menstrual Health and Reduces Vasomotor Symptoms in Perimenopausal Women: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2026.2739179","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2026.2739179","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"782"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149115714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding and Usefulness of Effect Size and Certainty of Evidence: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Evidence-Based Practice Competencies Among US Registered Dietitians.","authors":"Nirjhar R Ghosh, Elizabeth P Neale, Rosa K Hand, Geoff D C Ball, Emily Riddle, Kevin C Klatt, Aaron Riviere, Bradley C Johnston","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2026.2719458","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2026.2719458","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Understanding of absolute and relative effect estimates, and determining effect size and certainty of evidence corresponding to effect estimates, represent fundamental evidence-based practice competencies that promote informed clinical decision-making. While research has been conducted in the medical profession, based on our literature review there is no published research on these competencies in the nutrition and dietetics profession.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Among registered dietitians, our main objectives were to assess (1) their understanding and perceived usefulness of three absolute and two relative effect estimate approaches to determine effect size, (2) their perceived usefulness of certainty of evidence, and (3) factors influencing their understanding and perceived usefulness. We conducted a web-based, cross-sectional survey by recruiting dietitians from the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (United States). Participants received effect estimates based on hypothetical dietary interventions vs. usual diet for reducing myocardial infarction risk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 11,050 dietitians who received the survey link, 210 participated, and only completers (<i>n</i> = 114) were included in our analysis. Participants demonstrated a similar understanding of the relative (27.6%) and absolute (27.5%) effect estimates, with Risk Difference being the best understood approach and Number Needed to Treat being the least (30.7% vs. 24.6% correct responses). While perceived usefulness scores were similar between five approaches, they were highest when data was presented as Relative Risk [mean (SD): 4.82 (1.50)]. Dietitians rated the usefulness of certainty of evidence favorably [mean (SD): 5.07 (1.83), on a 7-point scale], and no factors were associated with correct understanding.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dietitians may have limited understanding of effect size thresholds presented in our survey, a finding mostly consistent with surveys of other health professionals. To optimize informed decision-making between dietitians and clients, dietetic programs and continuing education platforms should consider additional training on effect estimate approaches (relative and absolute), and determining effect sizes and certainty of evidence for effect estimates.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"773-780"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148875740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of a <i>Terminalia chebula</i>-<i>Boswellia serrata</i> Combination in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Neuroinflammation in Sprague Dawley Rats.","authors":"Pramod Kumar Yadav, Krishna Chaitanya Kavungala, Geum Duck Park, Kyung Seok Kim, Dahee Kim, Sreenath Kundimi, Krishnaraju Venkata Alluri, Krishanu Sengupta, Debasis Bagchi","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2026.2719457","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2026.2719457","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy of a standardized formulation of <i>Terminalia chebula</i> and <i>Boswellia serrata</i> (LN19184) against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation and associated neurodegenerative markers in <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> models.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activities of LN19184 were assessed and compared with those of the individual plant extracts. Acetylcholine (ACh) levels were measured in SH-SY5Y neuronal cells. In LPS-stimulated cells, the effects of LN19184 on nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) phosphorylation, Tau phosphorylation, and β-secretase 1 (BACE-1) expression were evaluated. <i>In vivo</i>, Sprague Dawley rats were challenged with LPS and treated with LN19184. Behavioral assessments of spatial learning, working memory, and recognition memory were conducted. Hippocampal oxidative stress, inflammatory markers, apoptosis-related proteins, and neurodegenerative or synaptic plasticity-associated proteins were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LN19184 exhibited greater (<i>p</i> < 0.05) superoxide anion scavenging and AChE inhibitory activities than the individual extracts and increased ACh levels in SH-SY5Y cells. In LPS-stimulated cells, LN19184 significantly reduced NF-κB phosphorylation, Tau phosphorylation, and BACE-1 expression (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In LPS-challenged rats, LN19184 significantly improved spatial learning, working memory, and recognition memory compared with the LPS control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). These behavioral benefits were accompanied by reduced hippocampal oxidative stress and lower levels of inflammatory markers. LN19184 supplementation increased hippocampal B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and reduced caspase-3 and Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX) expression (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Furthermore, LN19184 significantly upregulated brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein (p-CREB), and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 10 (ADAM10) expression (<i>p</i> < 0.05), suggesting enhanced neuroprotection and synaptic plasticity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LN19184 mitigated LPS-induced neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis-related signaling, and neuronal dysfunction markers, while improving cognitive performance in rats. These findings suggest that LN19184 exerts neuroprotective effects and warrants further investigation for its potential to mitigate inflammation-associated neuronal dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"761-772"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148971610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lactase Deficiency in 2026: Understanding Pathophysiology, Global Persistence Trends, and Targeted Therapies for Lactose Intolerance.","authors":"Mayank Goyal, Navjot Kaur Sandhu","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2026.2688511","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2026.2688511","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lactose intolerance is a common digestive disorder found in many people around the world. It occurs when the body does not produce enough of the enzyme lactase needed to break down lactose, a type of sugar. Lactose is present in almost all mammal milk products, and for infants, this sugar is important for providing energy during their growth. There are many variations of adults with lactase persistence around the world; for example, in Nordic countries, more than 90% of adults produce lactase into adulthood, but in Southeast Asia, only around 10% of adults do so. Overall, about one-third of all adults can digest dairy products; however, many people believe that there will be negative side effects if they eat or drink dairy products. This leads to a restriction of dairy products that can hurt the body's ability to grow and get enough nutrients because dairy products contain many essential nutrient sources (protein, vitamins, minerals). About 68% of the world population is affected by lactose intolerance, but that figure has not changed much in the past decade. However, there are vast regional variations (5-28% in Europe and 70-98% in Asia and Africa). The therapeutic market, including enzyme supplements, probiotics, and dietary aids applicable in all of the severity stages of the condition, is estimated to be valued at $ 36.96 billion in 2026, which represents a 7.4% compound annual growth rate; to reach $ 49.13 billion in 2030 due to the creation of personalized interventions and dairy substitutes.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"697-709"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148319541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Study of Seaweed-Based Functional Beverage Powders Formulated with Dragon Fruit Peel and Citrus Fruits: Antioxidant Activity and Shelf-Life Stability.","authors":"Sjamsiah, Syarifah Rabiatul Adawiyah, Syahriani, Sitti Chadijah, Dian Rezki Damayanti, Nur Ayu Andira","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2026.2704522","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2026.2704522","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to develop and compare functional beverage powders based on seaweed (<i>Kappaphycus alvarezii</i>) formulated with dragon fruit peel (<i>Hylocereus polyrhizus</i>) and sweet orange (<i>Citrus sinensis</i>), focusing on physicochemical properties, phytochemical composition, antioxidant activity, sensory characteristics, heavy metal safety, and shelf-life stability.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Beverage powders were prepared from seaweed combined with dragon fruit peel or sweet orange at ratios of 3:1, 1:1, and 1:3 (w/w). The formulations were evaluated for solubility, moisture content, ash content, phytochemical composition, antioxidant activity using the DPPH radical scavenging assay, and sensory characteristics. Vitamin C and heavy metal analyses (Pb, Cu, and As) were conducted on F3 and F6, as these formulations exhibited the highest antioxidant activities within the seaweed-dragon fruit peel and seaweed-sweet orange formulation series, respectively. Shelf-life stability was predicted using the Accelerated Shelf-Life Testing (ASLT) method based on the Arrhenius model at 10, 27, and 35 °C.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Increasing the fruit proportion improved antioxidant activity and sensory quality. Among the seaweed-dragon fruit peel formulations, F3 (1:3) exhibited the highest antioxidant activity, whereas F6 (seaweed-sweet orange, 1:3) showed the highest overall antioxidant activity and vitamin C content. In addition, F6 exhibited favorable sensory acceptance and heavy metal concentrations within the limits established by food safety standards. Shelf-life prediction using the Arrhenius model demonstrated that storage temperature significantly influenced product stability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The F6 formulation was identified as the optimal seaweed-based functional beverage powder, exhibiting enhanced antioxidant potential, acceptable quality characteristics, and compliance with food safety requirements. The developed formulation may serve as a potential functional beverage formulation; however, further preclinical and clinical studies are required to validate its biological relevance.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"731-739"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148724424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coconut Haustorium Alleviates Fructose-Induced Redox Imbalance, Lipotoxicity and Metabolic Stress in Cultured Hepatocytes.","authors":"Alby Tom, Arunaksharan Narayanankutty","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2026.2719461","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2026.2719461","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Metabolic overload caused by excessive fructose intake has been associated with hepatic disorders <i>via</i> oxidative stress and inflammation. Unregulated fructose metabolism leads to lipid accumulation and consequent reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, thereby contributing to Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The present study aimed to investigate the potential of Coconut Haustorium (CH) against fructose-induced redox imbalance and lipotoxicity in HepG2 cells.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The cultured HepG2 cells were pretreated with biologically safer doses of CH prior to fructose (5 mM) exposure. Cellular antioxidant levels, inflammatory cytokines, lipid profile, and liver function parameters were assessed using commercial kits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fructose exposure induced dyslipidemia, redox imbalance, and elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β, in HepG2 cells. Corroborating these, the increased liver function marker enzyme activities highlight fructose-induced metabolic stress in hepatocytes. Treatment with coconut haustorium extract (10, 25, and high 50 𝜇g/mL) significantly attenuated fructose-induced oxidative damage and lipid accumulation. Treatment with CH (50 𝜇g/mL) restored the redox balance by improving antioxidant enzyme activities and by reducing TBARS levels (<i>p</i> < 0.001). In addition, a significant reduction (<i>p</i> < 0.001) in lipid content through elevation of HDLc levels was observed; these results were also evident in terms of improved liver function marker enzymes (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and reduced inflammation. HR-LC-MS/MS analysis confirmed the presence of compounds including phenolic acids, flavonoids, tannins, and triterpenoids, which might be responsible for the observed bioactivities of the CH.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, the results of the present study suggest that Coconut Haustorium possesses significant potential as a functional food ingredient capable of modulating intracellular redox homeostasis and lipotoxicity, thereby helping to prevent the progression of NAFLD.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"687-696"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148798648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}