Journal of the American Nutrition Association最新文献

{"title":"The Association Between Central Obesity and Glenohumeral Joint Osteoarthritis and the Potential Mediating Role of Serum Triglycerides.","authors":"Qiang He, Jinning Zhang, Huaiyang Liu, Yu Jin, Yao Liu, Yong Sun, Jianing Liu","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2568082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27697061.2025.2568082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The relationship between obesity and glenohumeral joint osteoarthritis (GJO) remains unclear, and the metabolic mechanisms involved are not well understood. This study investigated the prospective association between central obesity, assessed by waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and GJO incidence, and examined whether triglycerides (TG) mediate this relationship.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from 32,881 UK Biobank participants enrolled between 2006 and 2014, with a median follow-up of 8.85 years (IQR: 7.15-10.75). Cox proportional hazards models and causal mediation analysis were used to estimate the direct and indirect effects of WHtR and TG on GJO risk, adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic, lifestyle, and comorbidity variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both WHtR and TG levels at baseline were significantly associated with higher GJO risk (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Compared to individuals with normal WHtR, those with severe central obesity had a 1.52-fold higher GJO risk (AHR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.02-2.27, <i>p</i> = 0.038), independent of BMI. Similarly, participants in the highest TG tertile had a 1.46-fold increased risk compared to the lowest tertile (AHR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.06-2.02, <i>p</i> = 0.022). These associations were consistent across subgroups by age, sex, physical activity, work intensity, and BMI. Mediation analysis showed that TG explained 21.9% of the WHtR-GJO association. The mediating effect was stronger in younger adults, women, and physically inactive individuals, but not significant in those with normal BMI or low physical workload.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Central obesity, as measured by WHtR, is an independent risk factor for GJO. TG partially mediates this association, suggesting that lipid toxicity may contribute to the metabolic pathogenesis of GJO.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145245703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precision Nutritional Genomics, Gut Microbiota and Artificial Intelligence in Chronic Kidney Disease.","authors":"Sara Mahdavi","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2549893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27697061.2025.2549893","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a prevalent global health issue, and nutritional management of CKD is an integral component through all stages of the disease. However, response to dietary interventions varies, potentially due to genetic variations influencing metabolic pathways. This review highlights key gene-diet interactions relevant to CKD management, including risk factors and comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes, and proteinuria. Variants in the <i>ACE</i> gene influence salt sensitivity and blood pressure responses, while <i>TCF7L2</i> polymorphisms affect the relationship between dietary glycemic load and diabetes risk, impacting kidney complications. Protein intake, a key modifier of CKD, correlates with proteinuria risk, moderated by a <i>PPM1K</i> polymorphism. Dietary bioactives, such as caffeine, may also alter the progression rate of proteinuria and hypertension, with effects contingent upon <i>CYP1A2</i> genotype. Additional markers of cardiovascular disease, CKD-associated bone-mineral disease, and CKD anemia are also discussed as well as role of the gut microbiome in nutrition modulation and vice versa. The review concludes with the potential of artificial intelligence as a clinical tool to refine precision nutrition, enabling clinicians to adopt targeted approaches, stratified by genetic-metabolic patient profiles that match best nutritional interventions for prevention and management of CKD. Vitamin D is used as a model nutrient to illustrate a simulated framework for precision nutrition, incorporating molecular mechanisms, genetic variation, epigenetic modifications, and translational tools applicable to both population health and clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145245676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the Korean Version of the Nutrition Screening Tool for Every Preschooler (NutriSTEP^®): Using the Rasch Model.","authors":"So Hyun Park, Youn-Jung Son, Hanjong Park","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2566750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27697061.2025.2566750","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Assessing the nutrition risk of preschoolers is crucial for promoting their healthy growth and development. This study aimed to develop a Korean version of NutriSTEP^® by assessing its feasibility, validity, and reliability.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted with parents of preschoolers aged 3-6 years. Five scholars independently translated the English version of NutriSTEP^® into Korean. One-on-one online cognitive interviews were conducted with 10 parents, and an expert panel review with the five scholars was conducted using an item content validity index. A total of 201 parents participated in an online survey, and the criterion validity of NutriSTEP^® was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Construct validity was examined through item analysis using the Rasch model and known-groups validity, while internal consistency was assessed using the test-retest reliability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight items were revised to improve cultural acceptability and comprehensibility. Each item of NutriSTEP^® had an Item-content validity index (I-CVI) of 1.0, and the area under the curve for the ROC curve was 90.5%. A cut-point of NutriSTEP^® score to determine moderate risk (> 25) had a sensitivity of 90.5% and specificity of 71.7%, compared to the moderate nutrition risk (≥ 5). The Korean version of NutriSTEP^® was unidimensional, and scores varied significantly based on parents' income levels (<i>F</i> = 11.154, <i>p</i> < .001) and children's physical activity levels (t = -4.107, <i>p</i> < .001). The test-retest reliability was .661.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study confirms that NutriSTEP^® is a valid and reliable tool for assessing Korean preschooler's nutrition risk. Using NutriSTEP^® could offer valuable insights for promoting healthy dietary behaviors in preschoolers.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between Health Literacy, Cooking Skills, and Diet Quality in Turkish Pregnant Women.","authors":"Merve Arslan, M Merve Tengilimoglu-Metin","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2560426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27697061.2025.2560426","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Nutrition during pregnancy is an important issue that should be investigated as it directly affects the health of the mother and the baby. Factors such as socioeconomic status, education, and health literacy influence nutrition. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between diet quality and health and digital healthy diet literacy, cooking and food preparation skills of pregnant women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study carried out 310 volunteer pregnant women in their third trimester who applied to the obstetrics and gynecology outpatient clinic. The data was obtained through a questionnaire applied by face-to-face interview. The survey consists of socio-demographic characteristics, health status and nutritional habits, Health Literacy Scale-Short Form (HLS-SF12) and Digital Healthy Diet Literacy (DDL) Scale, Cooking and Food Preparation Skills (CS and FS) Scale, anthropometric measurements and 24-h food consumption records. Nutrient Adequacy Ratio (NAR) and Mean Adequacy Ratio (MAR) scores, which evaluate the adequacy of the diet in terms of nutrients, were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The total scores of the CS and FS scales in pregnant women differed significantly based on their education level, income level, cooking frequency, and BMI groups (<i>p</i> < 0.05). There was a significant association between the MAR score and the sub-dimension score of CS (<i>p</i> < 0.05). However, there was no significant relationship between the MAR score and the HL and DDL indices (<i>p</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While a relationship was identified between pregnant women's diet quality and cooking skills, no relationship was found between diet quality and health and digital healthy diet literacy. This study supports the view that pregnant women's cooking and food preparation skills may improve their diet quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145201628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Supplementation with the Probiotic <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> BV379 Decreases Abdominal Bloating Without Perturbing the Commensal Gut Microbiota: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial in Healthy Adults.","authors":"Sean M Garvey, Traci M Blonquist, Laura M Brutscher, Dana M Walsh, Valerie N Kaden, Dawn B Beckman, Min Zeng, Richard S Bruno, Chad M Cook, Jessica L Spears","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2563894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27697061.2025.2563894","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Various bacterial <i>Bacillaceae</i> and <i>Bacillus</i> strains have demonstrated health benefits, but less is known about probiotic characteristics of strains of <i>Bacillus velezensis</i>. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, we investigated the safety and efficacy of <i>B. velezensis</i> BV379 supplementation for 8 weeks (2 × 10⁹ colony-forming units (CFU)/day).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>During the baseline and final weeks, GI symptoms were recorded daily using the 8-item Gastrointestinal Tolerance Questionnaire (GITQ). The primary outcome was the proportion of participants showing an improvement from baseline to week 8 in the 7-day, 3-item composite score for abdominal distention/bloating, burping, and gas/flatulence. Plasma chemistry, hematology, intestinal permeability, and fecal metagenomes were also investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty participants (54% female; age: 50.3 ± 10.1 years) were randomized to BV379 (<i>n</i> = 39) or placebo (<i>n</i> = 41). At end of study, no significant difference was observed in the percentage of participants with improvement in the 3-item composite GITQ score (BV379: 36.1%; placebo: 28.2%; <i>p</i> = 0.46). Analysis of individual GI symptoms showed that more participants experienced improvement in abdominal distention/bloating with BV379 compared to placebo (38.9% vs 17.9%; <i>p</i> = 0.044). There were no clinically meaningful changes in plasma chemistry, hematology, or intestinal permeability between groups. Fecal metagenomic analyses showed no overall shifts in microbial composition between groups. In addition to <i>B. velezensis</i>, a few commensal species such as <i>Lacticasei bacillus casei</i> were significantly enriched in the BV379 group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite not significantly improving the composite GITQ score of distention/bloating, burping, and gas/flatulence, BV379 supplementation was a well-tolerated approach to specifically lower abdominal bloating.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145201589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammatory Response and Malnutrition Based on the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition: Adults and Older People With Oropharyngeal Dysphagia.","authors":"Elisa Lyra, Emilia Addison Machado Moreira, Mariana Machado, Diane de Lima Oliveira, Maiara Brusco de Freitas, Julia Salvan da Rosa, Ana Maria Furkim, Yara Maria Franco Moreno, Tânia Silvia Fröde, Daniela Barbieri Hauschild","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2550643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27697061.2025.2550643","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) exerts an impact on the inflammatory response and malnutrition. We tested the association between the inflammatory response (nitric oxide metabolites, myeloperoxidase, C-reactive protein, interleukin [IL] 1β, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10) and malnutrition using the criteria of the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) in adults/older people with OD.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 51 adults/older people with OD distributed as follows: OD group with malnutrition (<i>n</i> = 15) and OD group without malnutrition (<i>n</i> = 36). A no-dysphagia group (<i>n</i> = 20) was matched to the OD groups for sex/age. Swallowing function was assessed using videofluoroscopy and classified using the Dysphagia Outcome and Severity Scale (DOSS), the Laryngeal Penetration and Aspiration Scale, and the Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS). The Functional Independence Measure (FIM) was administered. Unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of malnutrition was 29.4% in the OD group. The FIM scale (odds ratio [OR] = 0.97, <i>p</i> = 0.002), Laryngeal Penetration and Aspiration Scale (OR = 1.32, <i>p</i> = 0.024), and FOIS (OR = 0.73, <i>p</i> = 0.026) were significantly associated with malnutrition. Among the inflammatory response markers, only IL-1β (OR = 1.10, <i>p</i> = 0.043) was associated with malnutrition in the adjusted analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>IL-1β was associated with malnutrition based on the GLIM criteria after adjustments for excess weight and neurodegenerative diseases. Higher functional dependence and impaired swallowing were associated with malnutrition.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145081821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Daily Incorporation of Eggs in a Heart-Healthy Diet for 8 Weeks Compared with Their Exclusion on Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in Adults with Hyperlipidemia: A Randomized, Controlled, Crossover Trial.","authors":"Valentine Y Njike, Rockiy G Ayettey, Jaime S Foster, Beth Patton Comerford, Summaya Multany, Angad S Gill","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2560431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27697061.2025.2560431","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite dietary cholesterol not being considered a nutrient of concern, dietary guidelines still recommend that people with elevated LDL cholesterol limit their intake of egg yolks.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We examined the effects of the daily consumption of eggs in the context of the Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet for 8 weeks on cardio-metabolic risk factors in adults with hyperlipidemia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was a randomized, controlled, single-blind, crossover trial involving 45 adults (mean age 59.5 years; 35 females, 10 males; 42 Caucasian, two African American, one Asian) with hyperlipidemia. Participants were randomly allocated to one of the two possible sequence permutations of two treatments: the DASH diet with eggs (I) and the DASH without eggs (C). There was a 4-week run-in phase before treatments and an 8-week washout period between treatments. Participants received menus and guidance from the study dietitian on adhering to the DASH diet. They also received advice to exclude or include two whole eggs daily for 8 weeks in their DASH diet while displacing other foods based on instructions to maintain an isocaloric intake. Primary outcome measures were LDL cholesterol and endothelial function assessed as flow-mediated dilation. Secondary outcome measures included insulin sensitivity, other lipids, blood pressure, C-reactive protein, and dietary intake. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Daily addition of eggs to the DASH (Δ_I) compared with DASH without eggs (Δ_C) did not negatively affect endothelial function (Δ_I: 2.7 ± 10.8% versus Δ_C: 3.7 ± 19.9% versus Δ_I - Δ_C = -1.1, <i>p</i> = 0.767) or LDL cholesterol (Δ_I: 13.0 ± 23.5 mg/dL versus Δ_C: 8.9 ± 19.6 mg/dL; Δ_I - Δ<i>_C</i> = 4.2, <i>p</i> = 0.317). The DASH diet with eggs compared with the DASH without eggs relatively increased the consumption of choline (Δ_I: -29.6 ± 136.8 mg/d versus Δ_C: -148.2 ± 146.3 mg/d; Δ_I - Δ<i>_C</i> = 118.6, <i>p</i> = 0.002) while the intake of carbohydrates decreased (Δ_I: -26.4 ± 327.3 kcal/d versus Δ_C: 147.7 ± 282.3 kcal/d; Δ_I - Δ_C = -174.1, <i>p</i> = 0.032). Compared with DASH diet without eggs, the addition of 2 eggs per day in the DASH did not impact other cardio-metabolic risk factors (blood pressure, other lipid profiles, CRP, and glycemic control).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In adults with hyperlipidemia, daily egg consumption as part of a heart-healthy diet did not compromise cardio-metabolic health indicators.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration number: </strong>https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05807334.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145076253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chrono-Specific Calcium Intervention Disrupts Hepatic Lipid Metabolism via the PER1-PPARα Axis.","authors":"Haoyu Wang, Jinling Yu, Fei Liang, Guoliang Wang, Yue Li, Zihui Ma, Yuteng Ma, Ying Liu","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2557251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27697061.2025.2557251","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Controversies exist regarding the effects of calcium supplementation on lipid metabolism, and the time-specific effects and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to elucidate the differential impacts of calcium intervention at different times (morning/evening) on hepatic lipid metabolism and the molecular mechanisms involved.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty female CD-1 (ICR) mice were randomly divided into four groups: Morning Control Group (MCN), Morning Calcium Intervention Group (MCI, intragastric administration of calcium carbonate at 08:00), Evening Control Group (ECN), and Evening Calcium Intervention Group (ECI, intragastric administration of calcium carbonate at 20:00). Mice were fed a normal calcium or low-calcium diet for 10 wk. <i>In vitro</i> experiments used HepG2 cells, which were divided into groups simulating whole-day (CON), daytime (DC, high calcium from 08:00 to 20:00), and nighttime (NC, high calcium from 20:00 to 08:00) calcium exposure. PER1 was knocked down using siRNA. Serum/hepatic/cellular lipid levels, hepatic pathology, transcriptome, and gene/protein expressions (PER1, PPARα, CPT1A, APOA5, etc.) were detected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Morning calcium intervention (MCI) in mice significantly increased serum and hepatic total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels, and induced lipid droplet deposition and swelling in hepatocytes. Transcriptome and validation experiments showed upregulated hepatic PER1 expression in the MCI group, while PPARα and its downstream lipid metabolism genes (CPT1A, APOA5) were downregulated. In HepG2 cells, nighttime calcium incubation (NC) significantly increased intracellular TG and LDL contents, upregulated PER1 expression, and inhibited PPARα, CPT1A, and APOA5 expressions. Knocking down PER1 reversed the abnormal gene expression and lipid-elevating effects in the NC group. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that the circadian timing of calcium intake critically regulates hepatic lipid homeostasis <i>via</i> the PER1-PPARα axis, highlighting the importance of chrono-nutrition in metabolic health.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145056130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aronia (Chokeberry) Fruit Extract is a Potential Candidate for Managing Metabolic Syndrome in Elderly Patients.","authors":"Pelin Baltacı, Ozan Emre Eyupoglu, Selin Kankaya, Hakan Yavuzer","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2551181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27697061.2025.2551181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Natural products like Aronia (<i>Aronia melanocarpa</i>) are promising candidates to manage metabolic abnormalities due to their bioactive compounds. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of daily Aronia fruit extract supplementation on the components of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), cardiovascular health, inflammation, and atherogenic markers in elderly patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our study is a randomized controlled trial of 44 subjects (12 males and 32 females) diagnosed with MetS. The study groups were the intervention group (<i>n</i> = 22), which received daily 10 g Aronia fruit extract for 8 wk, and the control group, which did not receive the extract (<i>n</i> = 22). Demographics, dietary intake, and food habits were recorded by an extended survey. Baseline and post-intervention measurements of anthropometric data, dietary intake, cardiovascular parameters, blood pressure, blood lipid composition, plasma atherogenic index (PAI), triglyceride (TG), and the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG), and biomarkers of inflammation, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin 6 (IL-6), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and oxidative stress biomarkers, were represented as delta values.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant changes were observed in anthropometric measurements within or between groups over the 8 wk. However, several cardiovascular health parameters, including diastolic blood pressure (-10.00 mmHg), PAI index (-0.06), triglycerides (-9.0 mg/dL), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (-6.30 mg/dL) were significantly decreased in the intervention group compared to the control group at the end of 8 wk of use (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Inflammatory markers TNF-α (-7.87 pg/mL) and IL-6 (-0.58 pg/mL), as well as oxidative stress markers, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) (-132.17 U/L) and small dense low-density lipoprotein (sdLDL) (-0.79 mg/dL), also significantly decreased in the intervention group (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that daily supplementation with Aronia fruit extract significantly improves cardiovascular health markers and reduces inflammation and oxidative stress in elderly patients with MetS. Hence, Aronia extract may be an effective dietary supplement for managing MetS in high-risk groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144993867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compatibility of the Mini Nutritional Assessment and the Healthy Diet Indicator in the Evaluation of Nutritional Status in Older Adults: A Community-Based Study.","authors":"Neslişah Rakıcıoğlu, Hande Gül Ulusoy-Gezer, Bülent Çelik","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2475879","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2475879","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the compatibility between the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), a validated tool for screening for malnutrition among older adults, and the Healthy Diet Indicator-2015 (HDI-2015), a diet quality index, to investigate their relationship in assessing nutritional status.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 6094 community-dwelling older adults aged 65 and older. The MNA was administered to assess the nutritional status, and the adherence to the World Health Organization's HDI-2015 was determined based on 24-hour dietary recalls.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to the MNA, 70.4% of older adults had a normal nutritional status, 27.6% had a risk of malnutrition, and 2.0% were malnourished. Advanced age, female sex, poor appetite, difficulty chewing and swallowing, consistently skipping meals, and not exercising regularly were significantly associated with the rate of malnutrition in older adults (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Only 3.8% of older adults demonstrated high adherence to the HDI-2015, whereas 27.0% demonstrated moderate adherence and 69.2% demonstrated low adherence. The rate of malnutrition was higher in older adults who demonstrated low adherence to the HDI-2015 (<i>p</i> < 0.001). A weak positive correlation was found between the MNA and the HDI-2015 (<i>r</i> = 0.119; <i>p</i> < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Even if older adults living in the community have a normal nutritional status according to the MNA, periodically obtaining dietary recalls to assess diet quality, such as using HDI-2015, is important for developing personalized nutrition plans.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"609-615"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}