Journal of the American Nutrition Association最新文献

{"title":"Association of Triglyceride-Glucose-Related Obesity Indices With All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality Among Individuals With Hyperuricemia: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Yong Huang, Ziling Wei, Linfeng Wang, Gaojie Zhang, Guo Yang, Jiang Yu, Qingyu Wu, Jiayu Liu","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2475876","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2475876","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study sought to clarify the relationship between triglyceride-glucose (TyG)-related obesity indices and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with hyperuricemia (HUA).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 4207 patients with HUA from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database were included in this study. Various methods were employed, including weighted multivariate-adjusted Cox regression models, Kaplan-Meier curves, restricted cubic spline, and receiver operating curves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A nonlinear relationship was identified between TyG-related obesity indices and all-cause mortality, while a linear positive relationship was observed for cardiovascular mortality. Among the indices, TyG-ABSI (a body shape index) demonstrated the strongest predictive ability, with areas under the curve for all-cause mortality at 3, 5, and 10 years being 0.638, 0.632, and 0.650, respectively, and for cardiovascular mortality at 3, 5, and 10 years being 0.699, 0.673, and 0.671, respectively. Threshold analysis revealed the potential inflection point (k) of the nonlinear relationship. Subgroup analyses indicated interactions with age, diabetes, or cardiovascular disease. Additionally, serum uric acid was found to partially mediate the association between TyG-derived indices and follow-up time. The results of the sensitivity analysis were consistent with those of the original analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>TyG-ABSI, which exhibited the best predictive ability, may serve as a valuable biomarker for the long-term follow-up of individuals with HUA.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"599-608"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Alignment with the Mediterranean Diet is Associated with a Lower Risk of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Zeynep Aksoy, Caglar Doguer","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2480140","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2480140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders of childhood, causing cognitive and social dysfunctions. Symptoms may persist into adolescence and adulthood or may occur later in life without childhood onset. Nutrition, which is an environmental risk factor, is also important in the treatment of ADHD. The Mediterranean diet (MD) is a dietary model in accordance with the nutritional recommendations indicated in ADHD. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between ADHD and dietary alignment with the MD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted with 440 students aged 18 to 24 years studying at Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Türkiye. The data collection tools used in the study were a sociodemographic characteristics form, an MD Quality Index (KIDMED), and the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean scores for the Attention Deficit subscale, Hyperactivity/Impulsivity subscale, and total ASRS total score of the participants with low dietary alignment with the MD were significantly higher than those of the participants with moderate and high dietary alignment with the MD (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The KIDMED scores showed a strong negative correlation with the total ASRS scores (<i>r</i> = -0.681; <i>p</i> < 0.001) and the Attention Deficit subscale scores (<i>r</i> = -0.643; <i>p</i> < 0.001) and a moderate negative correlation with the Hyperactivity/Impulsivity subscale scores (<i>r</i> = -0.533; <i>p</i> < 0.001). According to the results of the multivariate linear regression analysis, a one-unit increase in the KIDMED score is associated with a decrease of 2.333 units in the ASRS score (β = -2.333, <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Greater dietary alignment with the MD was associated with a lower risk of ADHD symptoms, including attention deficit and hyperactivity/impulsivity, and the positive relationship between the ASRS subscales suggests that these symptoms often co-occur. Though the findings suggest that the MD may help reduce ADHD risk, the cross-sectional design precludes causal inference.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"636-643"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143784459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sesame as a Food Allergen: Overview of Clinical Manifestations, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Treatment.","authors":"Maria Zofia Lisiecka","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2491088","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2491088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study aims to investigate the incidence of sesame allergy, to study common allergens and clinical manifestations, and to analyse the diagnosis and treatment of sesame allergy. A literature search on the topic was conducted, with each item studied separately. The study determined that the popularity of sesame seeds in cooking is growing. Consequently, the prevalence of allergic reactions to this product is also increasing. Most countries, including Poland, include sesame in the list of allergens that must be labelled on any food product. Sesame cross-reaction with Brazil nuts, sunflowers, peanuts, soybeans, carrots, hazelnuts, and pollen was determined. Anaphylaxis was the most common clinical manifestation, accounting for 37.7%. Allergy diagnostics are carried out using skin tests, specific and total immunoglobulin E, antibodies to recombinant allergens, double-blind, placebo-controlled oral tests or a combination of these. The introduction of sesame seeds at the age of over 6 months is considered to be prevention. An alternative effective and safe method is oral immunotherapy with or without omalizumab. This data suggests the importance of studying the issue of sesame allergy, despite its low prevalence, as patients most often had life-threatening anaphylactic reactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"661-668"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144000919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonlinear Relationships Between Dietary Selenium Intake and Ischemic Heart Disease Incidence and Mortality: A Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Ecological Study.","authors":"Saya Nosaka, Tomoko Imai, Keiko Miyamoto, Ayako Sezaki, Fumiya Kawase, Yoshiro Shirai, Chisato Abe, Masayo Sanada, Norie Sugihara, Toshie Honda, Yuta Sumikama, Ayaka Inden, Takayoshi Tsukahara, Hiroshi Shimokata","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2483261","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2483261","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Selenium, an essential mineral with antioxidant properties, can potentially prevent atherosclerosis and maintain cardiovascular health. However, the association between selenium and ischemic heart disease (IHD) remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the impact of selenium on global IHD incidence (IHDi) and mortality (IHDd) over a 28-year period from 1990 to 2018, using open data for global comparisons.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>IHDi and IHDd per 100,000 people were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2019 database and estimated selenium intake from the Global Dietary Database. Covariates were obtained from the World Bank and GBD databases. The associations of selenium intake with IHDi and IHDd in the 28 years from 1990 onward were analyzed for 149 countries with populations >1 million, using a Bayesian generalized additive mixed model, controlling for covariates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A nonlinear relationship existed between selenium intake and IHDi and IHDd. The selenium intake levels with the lowest risk for IHDi and IHDd were 93.3 and 78.5 µg/d, respectively. The risk ratios (RRs) for IHDi were 2.30 (95% CI, 1.82-2.84) and 1.40 (95% CI, 1.13-1.73) for selenium intakes of 10.0 µg/d and 200.0 µg/d, respectively. For IHDd, the RRs were 3.40 (95% CI, 2.62-4.40) for intakes of 10.0 µg/d and 1.72 (95% CI, 1.31-2.20) for 200.0 µg/d. The risk was higher for selenium underintake than for overintake.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study revealed a nonlinear relationship between selenium intake and IHDi and IHDd, aiding in establishing a selenium target intake for the primary prevention of IHD and addressing public health problems.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"644-650"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144041805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association Between the Dietary Fatty Acid Fraction and Healthy Life Expectancy: Global Spatiotemporal Epidemiology from 2010 to 2019.","authors":"Yoshiro Shirai, Tomoko Imai, Chisato Abe, Ayako Sezaki, Keiko Miyamoto, Fumiya Kawase, Masayo Sanada, Ayaka Inden, Norie Sugihara, Toshie Honda, Yuta Sumikama, Saya Nosaka, Hiroshi Shimokata","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2472656","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2472656","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>As the global population ages, extending not only the life expectancy (LE) but also the healthy life expectancy (HALE) has become a critical public health objective. Dietary choices, especially the intake of various fatty acids, may play a role in achieving good health.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to describe the intake of fatty acid (FA) fractions across different countries and explore its associations with HALE and LE from 2010 to 2019 according to publicly available international data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data on FA intake in 2010 were obtained from the Global Dietary Database. HALE and LE data were sourced from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. A total of 151 countries with populations exceeding 1 million people were included in the analysis. Associations of the intake of each FA with HALE and LE were assessed using linear mixed models adjusted for various covariates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>High national omega-3 fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) intake was positively associated with both HALE (<i>β</i>: 2.63, SE: 0.73, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and LE (<i>β</i>: 2.32, SE: 0.63, <i>p</i> < 0.001). These associations remained unchanged when n-3 PUFAs were separated into plant-derived and seafood-derived n-3 PUFAs. No significant associations were observed for the other FAs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher intake of n-3 PUFAs is positively associated with longer HALE and LE at the national level. These findings underscore the importance of dietary fat composition in promoting healthy aging. Further research is needed to develop public health strategies adapted to each country.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"591-598"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143597985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-Term Cardiometabolic Response to Mango Intake in Postmenopausal Women.","authors":"Roberta R Holt, Esther Ho, Xiang Li, Vivien W Fam, Nasim Hedayati, Carl L Keen, Prae Charoenwoodhipong, Robert M Hackman","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2478937","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2478937","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Consumption of mangos has been associated with improved diet quality, with reported reductions in systolic blood pressure and inflammatory biomarkers when consumed daily in robust amounts for six to eight weeks. Whether these changes could occur with a shorter intake period is unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study explored the effect of two weeks of mango intake (330 g/d) on microvascular function and cardiometabolic markers in a group of relatively healthy postmenopausal women with an overweight or obese body mass index. Outcomes were compared to two weeks of baseline measures without mango intake.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The primary outcome measure, microvascular function did not significantly change, while supine systolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, mean pulse pressure, and fasting cholesterol were significantly reduced. No significant changes in platelet aggregation or adhesion markers were noted. To explore the results further, a small probe study was conducted comparing the intake of mango to a calorically-equivalent amount of white bread. Blood glucose rose in both groups one hour after consumption, but significantly less after mango intake. Insulin levels also rose one hour after intake of both foods, but remained elevated in response to white bread, suggesting a moderating effect of mangos on glucose absorption and metabolism.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Further research using amounts of mango typically consumed, over an extended period of time, are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"627-635"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tea Consumption and Type 2 Diabetes: Findings from the Prospective UK Biobank Cohort Study.","authors":"Lu Gan, Dinghao Zheng, Bin Zhao, Kai Yu, Kehua Guo, Guoqing Hu, Fang Fang, Zhiguang Zhou, Demetrius Albanes, Jiaqi Huang","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2475894","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2475894","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine whether tea consumption is associated with risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), to elucidate potential effect modification by genetic susceptibility, and to examine metabolic biomarkers as potential mediators for the association.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cohort analysis of 382,946 participants in the UK Biobank. Multivariable-adjusted age-stratified Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between tea consumption and T2D risk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a median follow-up of 14.0 years, 16,100 incident cases of T2D were documented. Greater tea consumption was associated with a modestly reduced risk of T2D. Compared with no tea consumption, the HR (95% CI) of T2D was 0.93 (0.89, 0.98), 0.86 (95% CI: 0.81, 0.90) and 0.87 (95% CI: 0.82, 0.92) for tea consumption of 2 to 3, 4 to 5, or 6+ cups per day, respectively (P for trend < 0.0001). The observed inverse association between tea consumption and T2D risk was generally consistent across cohort subgroups, including groups with different genetic susceptibility to T2D (P for interaction = 0.64). Mediation analyses estimated that 49.7% (95% CI: 37.1%, 62.4%), 11.2% (95% CI: 4.2%, 26.3%), 3.6% (95% CI: 1.5%, 8.5%), 5.3% (95% CI: 2.6%, 10.4%), and 2.8% (95% CI: 0.8%, 9.6%) of the inverse tea association may be effected through BMI, waist-hip ratio, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, blood pressure, and C-reactive protein, respectively. On the other hand, consumption of artificially sweetened tea was positively related to risk of T2D.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Greater tea consumption was associated with decreased risk of T2D, independent of other risk factors and genetic predisposition. In contrast, consumption of artificially sweetened tea was positively associated with risk of T2D. Our findings provide evidence relevant to the primary prevention of T2D, supporting the potential of tea consumption as a component of a healthy diet.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"616-626"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143796328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to a Healthy Plant-Based Diet and Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Risk Factors in Patients with Moderate to Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease.","authors":"Shang-Li Hung, Ting-Yun Lin, Szu-Chun Hung","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2488366","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2488366","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The confluence of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) risk factors and chronic kidney disease (CKD) elevates the risk for adverse cardiovascular and kidney outcomes. Mounting evidence has emerged on the benefits of plant-based diets for CKD management. However, whether the benefits are mediated by improved CKM health are unclear. In addition, there remain concerns about the risk of malnutrition and hyperkalemia associated with plant-based diets. The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between adherence to healthy plant-based diets and CKM syndrome, nutritional status, and serum potassium levels in patients with nondialysis CKD stages 3-5.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 147 patients (median age 66 years) with CKD (median eGFR 23.1 mL/min/1.73 m²) were included. Responses to a food frequency questionnaire developed for the Asian population with CKD were used to calculate a healthy plant-based diet score (HPDS), which reflects higher consumption of plant foods and reduced intake of animal products and sugar. CKM risk factors included overweight/obesity, central obesity, high blood pressure, high triglycerides, and high blood glucose. Nutritional status was assessed using serum albumin and dietary energy and protein intake.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In logistic regression analyses, a higher HPDS was significantly associated with lower odds of all CKM risk factors and malnutrition. After adjusting for age, sex, comorbidities, lifestyle factors, and medications, a higher HPDS remained significantly linked to lower odds of overweight/obesity and central obesity, as well as higher odds of having a normal serum albumin level (≥ 3.8 g/dL), dietary protein intake (≥ 0.6 g/kg/day), and dietary energy intake (≥ 25 g/kg/day). No significant association was observed between HPDS and hyperkalemia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In patients with moderate to advanced CKD, healthy plant-based diets were associated with a lower risk of CKM syndrome. Adherence to a healthy plant-based diet was more likely to achieve a better nutritional status and was not associated with risk of hyperkalemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"651-660"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144017000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity of Brazilian Adults and the Elderly: An Analysis Based on the Degree of Food Processing (NOVA Classification).","authors":"Luana Alberti Noronha, Marcela Nogueira Ferrario, Eloá Angélica Koehnlein","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2496489","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2496489","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to estimate the dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) of Brazilian adults and elderly and to identify the foods that contributed the most to antioxidant intake and their degree of processing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were collected from the National Dietary Survey of the 2017-2018 Household Budget Survey. DTAC was estimated using a database based on the Ferric-Reducing Ability Power (FRAP) assay, evaluating 1,335 food items consumed by Brazilians, and the degree of processing was identified according to the NOVA Classification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The estimated average DTAC/1000Kcal was 4.27 mmol, and women (4.36mmol), elderly individuals (4.65mmol), black, mixed-race, and indigenous individuals (4.15mmol), residents in rural areas (4.61mmol), and those living in the South region (4.98mmol) had significantly higher DTAC when compared to other groups. DTAC decreased with the increase in income and education levels. Non-alcoholic beverages accounted for 58.84% of DTAC, followed by legumes (16.38%) and fruits (8.17%). Regarding the degree of processing, in natura and minimally processed foods contributed 92% of DTAC (3.93mmol), while ultra-processed foods accounted for 5.5% (0.235mmol).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings of this study reinforce the importance of consuming in natura and minimally processed foods, in the line with the Dietary Guidelines for the Brazilian Population, particularly with respect to antioxidant intake.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"669-680"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144049918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of Incident Diabetes and Cardiovascular Diseases: Prevention Opportunities With the American Heart Association's Life's Essential 8 in Individuals With Prediabetes Bearing Different Genetic Predisposition.","authors":"Meng-Chu Li, Jia-Li Zhang, Hong-Guang Li, Yue Li, Chen Wang, Hui-Lian Zhu, Zhao-Yan Liu","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2540940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27697061.2025.2540940","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this research was to investigate the effects of cardiovascular health (CVH), genetic predisposition, and their interactions on new-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) among individuals with prediabetes.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We assessed 26,962 individuals with prediabetes from the UK Biobank. Life's Essential 8 (LE8) was utilized to measure CVH. LE8 score encompasses 4 health behaviors (diet, physical activity, nicotine exposure, sleep) and 4 health factors (body mass index, blood lipids, blood glucose, blood pressure). Polygenic risk score (PRS) was utilized to evaluate genetic predisposition. Cox regression analyses were applied to explore the associations of LE8 score and PRS with new-onset T2D, CVD, myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher LE8 score was associated with lower risk of adverse outcomes (hazard ratios [HRs] ranging from 0.26 to 0.72) after multivariate adjustment. Even a 1-point increment in LE8 score was significantly linked to decreased risk of adverse outcomes in participants with prediabetes (HRs ranging from 0.97 to 0.99). A substantial proportion of incident T2D (70.47%) and CVD (45.12%) cases could be attributable to low LE8 score. Higher PRS was significantly associated with higher risk of adverse outcomes (HRs ranging from 1.38 to 3.68). Compared with those who had a low LE8 score and high PRS, participants with a high LE8 score and low PRS had lower risk of T2D, CVD, MI, and stroke. Participants with low PRS benefited more from adherence to LE8 concerning incident T2D. Besides, further analysis suggested that BMI, blood pressure, and nicotine exposure have the greatest contribution to incident T2D and CVD during the prediabetes stage.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Ideal CVH was associated with lower risk of incident T2D and CVD among individuals with prediabetes, irrespective of their genetic predisposition. If all metrics could not be improved at once, achieving ideal status of BMI and blood pressure and avoiding nicotine exposure should be prioritized.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144971646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}