Journal of the American Nutrition Association最新文献

{"title":"Adherence to a Healthful Plant-Based Diet and Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease Among Individuals with Diabetes.","authors":"Alysha S Thompson, Anna Tresserra-Rimbau, Amy Jennings, Nicola P Bondonno, Catharina J Candussi, Joshua K O'Neill, Claire Hill, Martina Gaggl, Aedín Cassidy, Tilman Kühn","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2024.2415917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27697061.2024.2415917","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is highly prevalent among people with diabetes. While identifying modifiable risk factors to prevent a decline in kidney function among those living with diabetes is pivotal, there is limited evidence on dietary risk factors for CKD. In this study, we examined the associations between healthy and less healthy plant-based diets (PBDs) and the risk of CKD among those with diabetes, and to identify potential underlying mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a prospective analysis among 7,747 UK Biobank participants with prevalent diabetes. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to examine the associations between healthful and unhealthful PBDs and the risk of CKD. Causal mediation analyses were further employed to explore the underlying mechanisms of the observed associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 7,747 study participants with diabetes, 1,030 developed incident CKD over 10.2 years of follow-up. Higher adherence to a healthy PBD was associated with a 24% lower CKD risk (HR_{Q4 versus Q1}: 0.76 [95%CI: 0.63-0.92], <i>p</i>_trend = 0.002), while higher adherence to an unhealthy PBD was associated with a 35% higher risk (HR_{Q4 versus Q1}: 1.35 [95%CI: 1.11-1.65], <i>p</i>_trend = 0.006). The observed associations were predominantly mediated by markers of body fatness (proportion mediated: 11-25%) and kidney function (23-89%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this prospective cohort study of middle-aged adults with diabetes, adherence to a healthy PBD was associated with lower CKD risk, whereas adherence to an unhealthy PBD was associated with a higher CKD risk. Associations were primarily mediated by markers of lower body fatness and improved kidney function.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142523160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Functional Cobalamin Deficiency and Relevant Mortality Risk in the General Population: An Unheeded Phenotype Distinct from Cobalamin Deficiency.","authors":"Yan Liu, Yi Gao, Yige Liu, Yiying Zhang, Shanjie Wang, Bo Yu","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2024.2412594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27697061.2024.2412594","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Current guidelines prioritize monitoring and managing cobalamin (Cbl) deficiency but insufficiently address the issue of functional Cbl deficiency (decreased Cbl sensitivity). This study aims to investigate the prevalence burden of functional Cbl deficiency and to examine its prospective association with mortality risk, compared to Cbl deficiency, among United States (US) adults.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The cohort study included 22,513 US participants aged ≥20 years from 1999 to 2014 and was followed up through December 31, 2019. Cbl sensitivity was assessed using a combination of binary classifications for Cbl and methylmalonic acid (MMA) levels, with cutoff values set at 400 pg/mL for Cbl and 250 nmol/L for MMA. Functional Cbl deficiency was defined as elevated MMA and Cbl levels. Serum Cbl levels <148 pmol/L (200 pg/mL) were classified as Cbl deficiency.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, approximately 2.1% of US adults had Cbl deficiency, while the age-adjusted prevalence of functional Cbl deficiency was 4.5%, corresponding to an estimated 10 million US adults. Over a median follow-up period of 10.7 years, there were 4636 recorded deaths. Compared to the MMA_lowCbl_low group (MMA ≤250 nmol/L, Cbl ≤400 pg/mL), the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios for all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer-related mortality in the MMA_highCbl_high group were 1.76 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.53-2.02, <i>p</i> < 0.001), 2.17 (95% CI: 1.78-2.67, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and 1.38 (95% CI: 0.95-2.00, <i>p</i> = 0.089). In contrast, the mortality risk associated with Cbl deficiency became insignificant after adjusting for similar confounders. While Cbl supplementation or dietary intake above recommended levels might alleviate Cbl deficiency, they do not appear to reduce the prevalence of functional Cbl deficiency or its associated mortality risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Compared with Cbl deficiency, functional Cbl deficiency is more frequent and is significantly associated with increased mortality risk in the general population.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142476376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personalized Lifestyle Modifications for Improved Metabolic Health: The Role of Cultural Sensitivity and Health Communication in Type 2 Diabetes Management.","authors":"Catherine Saenz, Manisha Salinas, Russell L Rothman, Richard O White","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2024.2413368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27697061.2024.2413368","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is a chronic multifaceted metabolic condition characterized by elevated blood glucose levels with varying degrees of insulin resistance and abnormal insulin production. Lifestyle modifications, such as those defined by the guidelines for diabetes self-management education and support (DSMES), are foundational for glycemic control. A current gap in T2D management is addressing DSMES which is tailored to best serve the diversity of patients with this disease. The purpose of this narrative review is to discuss the current literature related to lifestyle modification for T2D, the importance of culturally sensitive T2D management programs, and the impact culturally sensitive and diverse T2D management programs have on cardiometabolic health. Despite being disproportionately affected by T2D, racial and ethnic minorities have low referral rates for DSMES. This growing disparity may be exacerbated by a lack of awareness of how to adapt lifestyle modifications in a culturally competent manner and how social determinants of health (SDOH) may affect the infrastructure and resources available to diverse patient populations. Currently, there is limited research on how DSMES is addressed to include culturally and literacy-sensitive recommendations in the United States. Patient-centered care, emphasizing personalized DSMES, can lead to improved glycemic control, reduced healthcare costs, and improved cardiometabolic health. A key component of effective DSMES should include culturally and literacy-sensitive approaches with an awareness of the impact of SDOH. Understanding how ethnicity, race, and culture influence experiences with T2D management can help providers prescribe more patient-centered and sustainable recommendations.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142476375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Medium-Chain Triacylglycerol Structured Lipid Supplementation Improves Muscular Endurance Exercise Performance and Reduces Muscle Fatigue in Young Healthy Male.","authors":"Yosuke Tsuchiya, Hisashi Ueda, Takashi Shimizu, Kaori Yokoi, Kenichi Yanagimoto, Eisuke Ochi","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2024.2413363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27697061.2024.2413363","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Structured lipids containing medium-chain fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from fish oil (EPA/MCT) and it improve overall endurance. However, their effects on local muscle endurance remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of EPA/MCT intake on muscle endurance during leg extension exercises and subsequent muscle fatigue.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This 8-week, placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind parallel-group trial involved 20 healthy young men. Subjects were randomly assigned to an EPA/MCT group (10 subjects) and a placebo group (PL group, 10 subjects). They consumed 4560 mg of the test food daily for 8 wk before an exercise intervention. The EPA/MCT supplement contained 600 mg of EPA, 260 mg of DHA, and 1890 mg of MCT (1110 mg of octanoic acid and 780 mg of decanoic acid). After the 8-week intervention, the subjects performed four sets of leg extension exercises at 40% of their body weight until exhaustion. The number of repetitions per set and the total repetitions across the four sets served as indicators of muscle endurance. Isometric maximum voluntary contraction (MVC), range of motion, circumference, muscle thickness, echo intensity, and muscle stiffness were measured before and after exercise to assess muscle fatigue.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no difference between the groups in the number of repetitions for sets 1-4 or in the total number of repetitions during the leg extension exercise. In the EPA/MCT group, a significant negative correlation was observed between the increase in the blood EPA/AA ratio and the rate of decrease in the number of repetitions. Additionally, the decrease in MVC after exercise was significantly smaller in the EPA/MCT group than in the PL group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study results suggest that an 8-week intake of EPA/MCT can increase the blood EPA/AA ratio and improve muscle endurance performance. Additionally, EPA/MCT intake reduces muscle fatigue after exercise.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142476374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Additive Interaction Between Insulin Resistance, Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation and Vitamin D Deficiency on the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cohort Study.","authors":"Salam Bennouar, Abdelghani Bachir Cherif, Yazid Aoudia, Samia Abdi","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2024.2352401","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2024.2352401","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this study was to explore, on an additive scale, the combined effect of the association between insulin resistance (IR), chronic low-grade inflammation (CLGI) and vitamin D deficiency (VDD) on the risk of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a cohort study, including 1484 non-diabetic subjects, followed for a period of four years. 25 hydroxy-vitamin D (25OHD), hypersensitive C-reactive protein (HsCRP) and triglyceride-glucose index were assessed. Based on VDD and CLGI, the population was subdivided into 4 exposure groups. Analysis was performed both in the case of IR and without IR. Cox proportional regression and additive interaction were applied to explore cumulative effects of exposure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At follow-up, 162 newly diagnosed cases of T2DM were identified. TYG index (RR = 4.0[2.8-5.6]), HsCRP (RR = 1.6 [1.4-1.7]) and 25OHD (RR = 0.96 [0.39-0.98]) were all significantly associated with the risk of T2DM (<i>p</i> < 0.01). The highest excess risk was recorded in patients cumulating simultaneously IR, CLGI and VDD (RR= 8.4[3.6-19.8], <i>p</i> < 0.0001). The additive interaction was significant, the excess risk linked to the interaction RERI = 10.5[1.43-19.7], the proportion attributable to the combined effect: AP = 0.61[0.37-0.85], and the interaction was synergistic: synergy index: 2.8[1.42-5.69].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Baseline levels of TYG index, 25OHD and HsCRP are strongly predictive of future T2DM, and their joint effects are additive and synergistic. Interventional studies are therefore warranted in order to evaluate whether vitamin D supplementation, combined with appropriate anti-inflammatory therapies, is effective as a preventive strategy to reduce the risk of T2DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"571-581"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140917286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insulin Sensitivity of Adipocytes is Improved by Pomegranate Mesocarp Through Reduced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation.","authors":"Piteesha Ramlagan, Philippe Rondeau, Emmanuel Bourdon, Theeshan Bahorun, Vidushi S Neergheen","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2024.2353295","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2024.2353295","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Inflammatory phenomena and increase in oxidative stress in cell physiopathology progression render therapeutic strategies based on nutritional antioxidants necessary. It was thus aimed at assessing the effectiveness of the pomegranate mesocarp extract (PME) on differentiation of preadipocytes to adipocytes in the presence/absence of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), a model mimicking insulin resistance.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The effect of PME on lipid accumulation, protein expression of antioxidant, inflammatory and adipogenic biomarkers, reactive oxygen species production, activity of antioxidant enzymes and secretion of IL-6 has been evaluated during the differentiation of preadipocytes to adipocytes, in the presence or absence of H₂O₂.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>H₂O₂ reduced the expression of the regulator of insulin sensitivity PPARγ and suppressed adipocyte differentiation. PME counteracted the effect of H₂O₂. The latter induced a higher level of fat accumulation by promoting the expressions of the adipogenic markers PPARγ, C/EBPα, FABP4 and CD36 as compared to the control and the H₂O₂-treated differentiating cells. During the progression of adipogenesis, highest increase (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in IL-6 secretion, by 3.16 and 3.85 folds, was observed on day 2 of differentiation in control and H₂O₂-treated cells, respectively, compared to day 0. PME significantly decreased (<i>p</i> < 0.01) the secretion of the cytokine in addition to suppressing the expression of NFκB. PME also prevented the reduction of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities that occurred during adipogenesis, by at most 33%, 119% and 42%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings indicate that PME efficiently improves insulin sensitivity and can significantly counteract oxidative stress and inflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"592-603"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141076973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mild Dehydration Triggered by Exercise Reduces Cognitive Performance in Children, But Does Not Affect Their Motor Skills.","authors":"Sinem Yüksel, Mustafa Akıl","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2024.2362709","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2024.2362709","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Children face the risk of dehydration in varying amounts during the day due to reasons such as physical activity, sweating, eating salty foods and drinking carbonated beverages. It is assumed that dehydration can lead to impaired motor skills and cognitive performance since it affects brain function. However, inconsistencies in study results, test times and problems caused by heat stress make new research mandatory. In our research, we examined the effects of exercise-induced mild dehydration on motor skills and cognitive performance in active/sedentary boys who do/do not do regular physical activities in their daily lives.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 112 boys who do regular physical activity (<i>n</i>:57; 12.40 ± 0.49_age) and sedentary (<b>n</b>:55; 12.49 ± 0.50_age). The children were given a 12-h hydration program. Mild dehydration was created by giving exercises after hydration measurements. In case of hydration and mild dehydration, Bruininks-Oseretsky Motor Proficiency and d2 attention test were applied to the children. For comparison, Repeated Measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc test was performed at the second level.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to the hydration and mild dehydration comparison results, there was no difference in total score of Fine Motor Skill Sensitivity, Fine Motor Skill Integration, Hand Dexterity and Bidirectional Coordination, Balance, Running Speed and Agility, Hand-Arm Coordination, Strength, and BOT-2 in children. There was a decrease in both groups in terms of Focused Attention, Processing Speed, Accuracy, Concentration Performance and Attention Span.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>As a result, mild dehydration is associated with daily physical activity in children (physical education classes, etc.) or it can easily occur due to food/beverage preferences. It may affect children's performance of school curriculum and extracurricular activities. It shows that maintaining optimal hydration is important.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"627-635"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141248829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perturbed Lipid Metabolism Transduction Pathways in SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Their Possible Treating Nutraceuticals.","authors":"Amrita Shukla, Ankita Singh, Smriti Tripathi","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2024.2359084","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2024.2359084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic has evolved into an international public health concern. Its causing agent was <i>SARS-CoV-2</i> (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), a lipid bilayer encapsulated virus. Lipids have relevance in the host's viral cycle; additionally; viruses have been speculated to manipulate <i>lipid signaling</i> and production to influence the lipidome of host cells. SARS-CoV-2 engages the host lipid pathways for replication, like fatty acid synthesis activation <i>via</i> upregulation of AKT and SREBP pathway and inhibiting lipid catabolism by AMPK and PPAR deactivation. Consequently, lipoprotein levels are altered in most cases, i.e., raised LDL, TG, VLDL levels and reduced HDL levels like a hyperlipidemic state. Apo lipoproteins, a subsiding structural part of lipoproteins, may also impact viral spike protein binding to host cell receptors. In a few studies conducted on COVID-19 patients, maintaining Apo lipoprotein levels has also shown antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 infection. It was speculated that several potent hypolipidemic drugs, such as statins, hydroxychloroquine, and metformin, could be used as add-on treatment in COVID-19 management. Nutraceuticals like Garlic, Fenugreek, and vinegar have the potency to lower the lipid capability acting <i>via</i> these pathways. A link between COVID-19 and post-COVID alteration in lipoprotein levels has not yet been fully understood. In this review, we try to look over the possible modifications in lipid metabolism due to SARS-CoV-2 viral exposure, besides the prospect of focusing on the potential of lipid metabolic processes to interrupt the viral cycle.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"614-626"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141158255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipid Profile and Atherogenic Risk Assessment in Nigerian Breast Cancer Patients - A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Ogochukwu O Izuegbuna, Hannah O Olawumi, Olayide S Agodirin, Samuel A Olatoke","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2024.2353289","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2024.2353289","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The lipid profile and atherogenic risk indices in Nigerian breast cancer patients are largely unknown. This study evaluated the lipid profile and atherogenic risk indices of breast cancer patients in Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study involved 45 primarily diagnosed breast cancer patients and 50 normal control subjects. Total cholesterol, triglyceride, and High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was calculated according to Friedewald formula. Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), Atherogenic coefficient (AC), TC/HDL-C (Castelli I) and LDL-C/HDL-C (Castelli II) risk indices were all calculated. The Framingham risk assessment was calculated and categorized.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study group had significantly higher triglycerides (TG), and atherogenic indices than the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.001), while HDL-Cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly lower in the study group (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Total cholesterol and LDL-Cholesterol (LDL-C) had a significant positive correlation with age (<i>r</i> = 0.283, <i>p</i> < 0.018; <i>r</i> = 0.272, <i>p</i> < 0.023); TG was significantly positively correlated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure (<i>r</i> = 0.320. <i>p</i> < 0.007; <i>r</i> = 0.334, <i>p</i> < 0.005); HDL-C had a significant negative correlation with BMI, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (<i>r</i> = -0.252, <i>p</i> < 0.035; <i>r</i> = -0.29, <i>p</i> < 0.015; <i>r</i> = -0.329, <i>p</i> < 0.005). The lipid ratios (TC/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C) were significantly positively correlated with body mass index (BMI), systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The Framingham Risk Score showed that only 2 subjects in the study group (4.4%) were at a high risk of having a cardiovascular event.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Breast cancer patients have a higher prevalence of dyslipidaemia, and cardiovascular risk than the normal population.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"582-591"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141158194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Flavonoid and Subclass Intakes are not Associated with Markers of Bone Health in U.S. Adults Age 50+ Years.","authors":"Xichen Wang, Yang Lu, Taylor C Wallace","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2024.2358532","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2024.2358532","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dietary flavonoid intakes have been associated with improved markers of bone health in Chinese and Scottish cohorts, but little data exist in middle aged to older adults in the United States.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective of our research was to assess if dietary flavonoid intakes are associated with bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), and bone area of the lumbar spine and femoral neck in a nationally representative population of middle aged to older U.S. adults. We further sought to investigate if relationships of the main flavonoid subgroups (i.e., anthocyanins, flavan-3-ols, flavanones, flavones, flavonols, and isoflavones) exist, as a secondary objective.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional data from individuals aged 50+ years enrolled in the 2017-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were used in our analyses (<i>N</i> = 2590). Weighted multivariate logistic regression models were used to investigate the relationship between quartiles of flavonoid intake and BMD, BMC, and bone area of the lumbar spine and femoral neck of participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean age of participants was 63.4 ± 0.52 years and 64.1 ± 0.52 years for men and women, respectively. Average total flavonoid intake was 217 ± 19.4 mg/day and 306 ± 26.9 mg/day for men and women, respectively. Total flavonoid intakes were not significantly associated with BMD, BMC, or bone area of the femoral neck or lumbar spine in male or female participants. Flavonoid subclass intakes were also not consistently associated with improved markers of bone health.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although several limitations exist, this cross-sectional analysis of U.S. adults aged 50+ years provides contradictory evidence to the hypothesis that higher flavonoid and flavonoid subclass intakes beneficially impacts markers of bone health. Large prospective cohort investigations that better capture long-term dietary flavonoid intake and ascertain fractures the primary outcome, as well as randomized controlled trials, are needed to fully elucidate the effects flavonoids on bone health.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"604-613"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141238399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}