Journal of the American Nutrition Association最新文献

{"title":"Genetics, Nutrition, and Health: A New Frontier in Disease Prevention.","authors":"Piyush Agrawal, Jaspreet Kaur, Jyoti Singh, Prasad Rasane, Kartik Sharma, Vishesh Bhadariya, Sawinder Kaur, Vikas Kumar","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2284997","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2284997","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The field of nutrition research has traditionally focused on the effects of macronutrients and micronutrients on the body. However, it has become evident that individuals have unique genetic makeups that influence their response to food. Nutritional genomics, which includes nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics, explores the interaction between an individual's genetic makeup, diet, and health outcomes. Nutrigenetics studies the impact of genetic variation on an individual's response to dietary nutrients, while nutrigenomics investigates how dietary components affect gene regulation and expression. These disciplines seek to understand the impact of diet on the genome, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome. It provides insights into the mechanisms underlying the effect of diet on gene expression. Nutrients can cause the modification of genetic expression through epigenetic changes, such as DNA methylation and histone modifications. The aim of nutrigenomics is to create personalized diets based on the unique metabolic profile of an individual, gut microbiome, and genetic makeup to prevent diseases and promote health. Nutrigenomics has the potential to revolutionize the field of nutrition by combining the practicality of personalized nutrition with knowledge of genetic factors underlying health and disease. Thus, nutrigenomics offers a promising approach to improving health outcomes (in terms of disease prevention) through personalized nutrition strategies based on an individual's genetic and metabolic characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138452704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastrointestinal Tolerability and Acute Glycemic Response of Oligosaccharides and Polysaccharides from Cellulose and Xylan in Healthy Adults: Two Double-Blinded, Randomized, Controlled, Cross-over Trials.","authors":"Daniela Moura de Oliveira Beltrame, Thomas Joseph Simmons, Alexandra L Jenkins, Timothy Dinan, Thomas Joseph Nicholson","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2282615","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2282615","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the gastrointestinal tolerability, glycemic and insulinemic responses of Plant Fiber Extract (PFE), a mixture comprising of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides derived from cellulose and xylan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two double-blind, randomized, controlled, cross-over trials were conducted in healthy adults. In the first trial, participants (<i>n</i> = 29) consumed either 25, 35 or 45 g per day of PFE or resistant maltodextrin (Control) for 14 days. The occurrence and severity of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, stool parameters, and safety outcomes were evaluated with a combination of surveys and blood analysis respectively. In the second trial (<i>n</i> = 20), the post-prandial glycemic and insulinemic responses after the ingestion of 20 g of PFE diluted in water or incorporated into chocolate chips was measured and then compared to that of glucose and regular chocolate, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For all timepoints (0, 7 and 14 days), within any given dose group, there was no statistically significant difference in the GI symptoms score between PFE and Control. Further, for each test product (PFE or Control), no difference was observed in the same dose group from days 0 and 14. Stool consistency score and number of participants experiencing loose or watery stools was similar between products. No serious adverse events were reported and neither PFE nor Control significantly altered blood or urine safety parameters. The glycemic and insulinemic responses after PFE ingestion in comparison to glucose were 12% and 8% respectively. The glycemic and insulinemic responses after consuming chocolate containing PFE were 20% of that of regular chocolate.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PFE was well-tolerated by healthy volunteers in doses up to 45 g/day and it elicited comparatively low glycemic and insulinemic responses when consumed alone or when incorporated into a food product.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138462989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Could the Wheel of Cardiovascular Health Diet Be a Tool for Diet Quality in Nutritional Counseling? Comparison with Healthy Eating Index-2020.","authors":"Tainara Aloy Dos Santos, Victória Silva Chites, Bárbara Pelicioli Riboldi, Aline Marcadenti, Ângela Cristine Bersch-Ferreira, Rachel H Vieira Machado, Dirce Maria Lobo Marchioni, Jussara Carnevale de Almeida","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2297888","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2297888","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The Wheel of Cardiovascular Health Diet was recently elaborated based on current nutritional recommendations for healthy eating and was made for person-centered nutritional counseling, thus it may be an interesting tool to improve food awareness. However, its validity is yet to be tested. We hypothesized that the self-perception of patients diagnosed with chronic diseases, evaluated by the Wheel of Cardiovascular Health Diet, is satisfactory in assessing the quality of their diets, compared with the Healthy Eating Index-2020.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a cross-sectional analysis of adults with uncontrolled hypertension or type 2 diabetes. The patients answered the Wheel of Cardiovascular Health Diet, and then, based on the food frequency questionnaire, we analyzed the Healthy Eating Index-2020.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 330 patients were included in the study: 91.5% had hypertension, 58.5% had type 2 diabetes, and the median age was 58 (50-65) years. The mean difference observed between the percentage of the graphic area assessed by the patients' self-perception from the Wheel of Cardiovascular Health Diet and Healthy Eating Index-2020 was -10.0% (95%CI -35.3 to 15.3), and a moderate correlation was observed. Linear Regression models showed that a 10-point increase in patients' self-perception in the Wheel of Cardiovascular Health Diet is associated with a 2.9% increase (95%CI 2.08 to 3.70) in the diet quality by the Healthy Eating Index-2020 and is associated with lower BMI values: β = -0.42 kg/m² (95%CI -0.83 to -0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Wheel of Cardiovascular Health Diet performed satisfactorily regarding validity and reliability by BMI and was associated with higher overall dietary quality, with the Healthy Eating Index-2020 as a relative reference.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139088846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Hardaliye, a Fermented Grape Drink, on Oxidative Stress, Lipid Profile, and Blood Pressure in Young Soccer Players: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Ramazan Mert Atan, Gülgün Ersoy, Çağrı Çakıcı","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2291789","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2291789","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Hardaliye, a traditional fermented grape juice, can prevent imbalances in the antioxidant defense systems of soccer players. Hardaliye is mainly produced through the fermentation of grapes, sour cherry leaves, and mustard seeds and is consumed as a drink. This study was aimed at investigating the effects of hardaliye consumption on oxidative stress parameters, lipid profile, and blood pressure in young elite soccer players.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this single-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-design study, while the participants in one of the groups consumed 250 mL/d of hardaliye drink (Hardaliye Group), the participants in the other group consumed placebo drink (Placebo Group) for 28 days. Three-day food record and blood samples were taken from the soccer players and their blood pressure was measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nutrient intakes in both groups were similar at the beginning and end of the study (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Dietary carbohydrates and vitamin A, E, and C intakes were below the recommended levels in both groups. Hardaliye consumption significantly increased the serum total antioxidant capacity level but significantly decreased serum total oxidation status, oxidative stress index, malondialdehyde, and nitric oxide levels compared to the Placebo Group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Lipid parameters and diastolic blood pressure levels were not significantly different between the groups (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Hardaliye consumption significantly decreased systolic blood pressure compared to that in the Placebo Group (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hardaliye consumption in young elite soccer players showed antioxidative effects and decreased systolic blood pressure but did not affect their lipid profiles.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138810132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Live Microbe Intake and NAFLD: Evidence From NHANES 2003-2018.","authors":"Chuanlei Fan, Yang He, Jian Yang, Mingxu Da","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2270537","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2270537","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to shed light on the potential relationship between live microbe intake and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>By using a cross-sectional study design, the researchers were able to investigate the possible causal association between the two variables in a rigorous and systematic manner.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study investigated the correlation between the intake of live microbe-containing foods and NAFLD in a representative sample of adults. The study found that the intake of live microbe-containing foods was associated with lower blood pressure, plasma glucose, NAFLD, body mass index, glycated hemoglobin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, as well as higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In univariate logistic regression, high dietary live microbe intake was associated with lower NAFLD prevalence than low intake (OR = 0.830; 95% CI, 0.759 to 0.908; <i>p</i> < 0.001). After adjusting for multiple variables, the same conclusion was supported (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In subgroup analyses, there was a significant difference in the race and smoking groups, with <i>p</i> for interaction of 0.01 and 0.02, respectively. This study's findings serve to augment the existing body of evidence linking live microbes with favorable health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study revealed a robust correlation between dietary intake of live microbes and the prevalence of NAFLD in a cross-sectional analysis. Our findings offer a novel perspective on NAFLD research, highlighting the potential of targeted modulation of specific bacterial taxa, including the promotion of beneficial bacteria and suppression of harmful ones, as a promising strategy for preventing and treating NAFLD.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71486757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low Energy Intake Leads to Body Composition and Performance Decrements in a Highly-Trained, Female Athlete: The WANDER (Woman's Activity and Nutrition during an Extensive Hiking Route) Case Study.","authors":"Catherine Saenz, Aydan Jordan, Lillia Loriz, Kevin Schill, Megan Colletto, Judith Rodriguez","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2282614","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2282614","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This case study's purpose was to quantify energy intake vs energy expenditure during a thru-hiker's trek and assess its relationship to performance and health.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A highly trained, female thru-hiker (Age (yrs): 62, Ht (cm): 157, Wt (kg): 53.5, BMI (kg/m²): 21.7, %BF: 26.0) embarked on a 4-month journey through the Pacific Crest Trail, USA. The athlete's body composition and 3-day diet record were assessed before (PRE) and after the hike (POST). During the hike, she tracked her diet and performance daily and completed a wellness survey each time she reached a town-check point. Data were analyzed for descriptive (weekly averages, means ± SD) and frequency statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>She spent 10 wk (∼70 days) on the trail and hiked 1,506.35 km (26.1 ± 3.2 km/day) with an estimated energy expenditure of ∼2334 ± 351 kcal/day. During the hike, she under consumed calories (1285.3 ± 103 kcal) and dietary carbohydrate (169.5 ± 19.5g), fat (49.7 ± 5.8g), protein (41.9 ± 4.8g; 0.8 g/kg), fiber (11.8 ± 2.1g) and sodium (1642.4 ± 298.6 mg) when compared to ultra-endurance nutrition recommendations. She was unable to complete the trail due to fatigue and anthropometric changes. By POST, she had decreased total mass (PRE: 53.5 kg vs POST: 48.4 kg), BMI (PRE 21.6 vs POST: 19.5), fat-free mass (PRE: 39.6 vs POST: 38.8), and body fat (PRE: 26% vs POST: 19.6%) when compared to PRE.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Trail-related challenges combined with high energy expenditures led to low nutrient intake which contributed to trail-ending injuries and performance decrements. Research aimed at addressing the barriers associated with thru-hike fueling is needed to identify nutritional opportunities to support hikers' performance and reduce injury risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138462990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Synergistic Botanical Composition Increases Resting Energy Expenditure and Reduces Adiposity in High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats.","authors":"Sreenath Kundimi, Gopichand Chinta, Krishnaraju Venkata Alluri, Trimurtulu Golakoti, Sudipta Veeramachaneni, Guru Ramanathan, Krishanu Sengupta","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2280777","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2280777","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>An imbalance between dietary energy intake and energy expenditure may result in body fat gain or obesity. Increasing resting energy expenditure (REE) is an attractive strategy for managing body fat gain. The objective of the current study was to generate proof-of-concept data on a synergistic composition (LN19183) of <i>Citrus aurantifolia</i> fruit rind (CA) and <i>Theobroma cacao</i> seed (TC) extracts to increase REE and reduce body fat gain in a high-fat diet (HFD)-fed rats.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In <i>in vitro</i> cell-based experiments, CA, TC, or LN19183 were tested for fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21) production from 3T3-L1 mouse adipocytes. Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1) and beta3-adrenergic receptor (β3-AR) protein expressions in LN19183-treated 3T3-L1 lysates were also tested. The 56-day <i>in vivo</i> study in male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats (age: 12-14 weeks; body weight [b.w.]: 115-197 g) contained 2 phases of 28 days each of induction and supplementation. Seven rats received a regular rodent diet (RD) over 56 days. In the induction phase, 21 rats received HFD; in the supplementation phase, the obese rats (<i>n</i> = 7) received either HFD alone or in concurrence with a daily oral dose of either 100 or 250 mg/kg b.w. of LN19183 for 28 days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 3T3-L1 adipocytes, LN19183 synergistically increased FGF-21 production and dose-dependently increased β3-AR and UCP-1 protein expression. In HFD-fed rats, both doses of LN19183 supplementation significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) decreased the body weight gain, total fat mass, and liver weight and increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) REE. High-dose LN19183 also significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) increased fat oxidation and UCP-1 protein expression in white fat tissue and reduced liver triglyceride (TG) level. LN19183-supplemented groups substantially reduced serum TG and glucose levels compared to the HFD rats.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>LN19183 reduces body fat mass and weight gain via increased REE and fat oxidation in HFD-fed obese rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138446479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Role of 17β-Estradiol on the Serotonergic System, Targeting Soy Isoflavones as a Strategy to Reduce Menopausal Depression: A Mechanistic Review.","authors":"Scotti McLaren, Karin Seidler, James Neil","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2255237","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2255237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Low serotonin is one factor implicated in the development of depression. 17β-estradiol (E2) has been shown to modulate gene expression regulating the neurotransmission of serotonin. Sex hormone levels fluctuate dramatically during the menopausal transition, coinciding with a 14-fold increased risk of depression. This review aimed to examine the effect of soy isoflavones to support decreased and variable E2 levels before and after menopause, linked to an investigation of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the protective influence of E2 on the serotonin pathway. The overall aim of this review is to assess the potential of soy isoflavones to reduce depression in middle-aged women. A systematic literature search was performed in three stages. 1,421 papers were screened for relevance to the research aims and objectives. 63 papers were selected based on pre-defined inclusion/exclusion criteria (13 reviews, 24 mechanistic and 26 intervention studies) and critically appraised. Available research supported the hypotheses that E2 increases serotonin synthesis and availability through stimulation of tryptophan hydroxylase-2 (TPH-2) and decreased degradation by monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A). There was less scientific agreement on the effects of E2 on serotonin transporter (SERT) and serotonin receptors 1 A and 2 A. Studies varied widely on the effectiveness of soy isoflavones in reducing depressive symptoms in (peri)menopausal women. Animal and human studies acknowledge women's increased risk of depression linked to fluctuating E2 rather than absolute levels. However, mechanisms linking E2 variability with depression remain an underrepresented area of research. Study limitations and heterogeneity may contribute to varying results for soy isoflavones and some effects of E2 on the serotonin pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10579326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) on Cardiometabolic Parameters in Patients with Dyslipidemia: A Randomized, Add-on Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.","authors":"Rituparna Maiti, Rashmi Ranjan Mohanty, Anupam Dey, Shampa Maji, Milan Padhan, Archana Mishra","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2256816","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2256816","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Statin monotherapy for dyslipidemia is limited by adverse effects and limited effectiveness in certain subgroups like metabolic syndrome. Add-on therapy with an agent with a known safety profile may improve clinical outcomes, and virgin coconut oil (VCO) may be the candidate agent for improving the cardiometabolic profile. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of add-on VCO with atorvastatin in dyslipidemia in adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A randomized, double-blind clinical trial was conducted on 150 patients with dyslipidemia who were randomized into control and test groups. The control group received atorvastatin monotherapy, whereas the test group received add-on VCO with atorvastatin for 8 weeks. At baseline, demographic, clinical, and biochemical parameters were assessed and repeated after 8 weeks of therapy. The main outcome measures were lipid profile, cardiovascular risk indices, 10-year cardiovascular risk, body fat compositions, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The increase in HDL in the test group was significantly greater than in the control group (MD: 2.76; 95%CI: 2.43-3.08; <i>p</i> < 0.001). The changes in the atherogenic index (<i>p</i> = 0.003), coronary risk index (<i>p</i> < 0.001), cardiovascular risk index (<i>p</i> = 0.001), and TBARS (<i>p</i> < 0.001) were significantly greater in the test group. The decrease in LDL, total cholesterol and lipoprotein(a), were significantly higher in the control group. There were no significant differences between the groups with respect to the changes in triglyceride, VLDL, and 10-year cardiovascular risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Add-on VCO (1000 mg/day) with atorvastatin (10 mg/day) can achieve a better clinical outcome in patients with dyslipidemia by increasing HDL and improving oxidative stress cardiovascular risk indices.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10240262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is the Caloric Midpoint Associated with Food Cravings and Food Intake in Pregnant Women?","authors":"Samira Gonçalves Mendes, Gabriela Pereira Teixeira, Laura Cristina Tibiletti Balieiro, Walid Makin Fahmy, Cristiana Araújo Gontijo, Yara Cristina de Paiva Maia, Cibele Aparecida Crispim","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2255244","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2023.2255244","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> The field of chrononutrition suggests that mealtime can influence food intake. Previous studies have linked the caloric midpoint - defined as the time at which 50% of the daily energy is consumed - with different aspects of food consumption. However, its relationship with food craving remains unexplored. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between caloric midpoint, food craving, and food consumption in pregnant women.<b>Methods:</b> The study comprised 233 pregnant women classified as early eaters (caloric midpoint ≤ 1:00pm) and late eaters (caloric midpoint >1:00pm). Food craving were assessed using Food Craving Trait and State Questionnaires. Energy and nutrient intake, as well as mealtimes, were assessed using a 24-h food recall.<b>Results:</b> No association between caloric midpoint and food craving was found. However, late eaters consumed more calories (2039.47 kcal vs 1843.44 kcal; <i>p</i> < 0.001), carbohydrates (255.06 g vs 211.12 g; <i>p</i> = 0.002), total fat (73.1 g vs 64.8 g; <i>p</i> = 0.003), monounsaturated fat (21.33 mg vs 18.59 mg; <i>p</i> = 0.002) and saturated fat (24.37 mg vs 22.21 mh; <i>p</i> = 0.01) and had higher consumption of calories and macronutrients in the first (calories: 275.63 vs 213.41, <i>p</i> = 0.007; carbohydrate: 170.42 vs 142.54, <i>p</i> = 0.01; total fat: 56.49 vs 50.17, <i>p</i> = 0.04) and second (calories: 213.21 vs 151.59, <i>p</i> = 0.04; carbohydrate: 130.44 vs 96.6, <i>p</i> = 0.04; protein: 15.17 vs 13.71, <i>p</i> = 0.03) afternoon snack, dinner (calories: 576.89 vs 412.4, <i>p</i> < 0.001; carbohydrate: 230.76 vs 169.45, <i>p</i> < 0.001; protein: 80.48 vs 68.9, <i>p</i> = 0.02; total fat: 212.77 vs 147.12, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and late-night snack (calories: 135.75 vs 68.3, <i>p</i> = 0.04; total fat: 13.23 vs 22.45, <i>p</i> = 0.04) than early eaters.<b>Conclusion:</b> Pregnant women who concentrate their meals at later times consumed more calories, macro and micronutrients throughout the day and in the night meals when compared to early eaters.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10172148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}