Journal of the American Nutrition Association最新文献

{"title":"Metabolic Status and Hypertension: The Impact of Insulin Resistance-Related Indices on Blood Pressure Regulation and Hypertension Risk.","authors":"Xinying Hu, Peng Han, Yong Liu","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2450711","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2450711","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetes is closely related to hypertension, and insulin resistance-related indices are novel metrics used to evaluate the risk of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to explore the relationships between the TyG index, METS-IR, TG/HDL-C, and HOMA-IR with hypertension.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the NHANES spanning ten consecutive survey cycles from 1998 to 2018 were utilized, focusing on adults with complete blood pressure data and comprehensive information for calculating the TyG index, METS-IR, TG/HDL-C, and HOMA-IR. A multivariable logistic regression model was employed to examine the relationship between insulin resistance indices and hypertension as well as blood pressure levels, while subgroup analyses were conducted to explore potential influencing factors. RCS curves were used to describe both linear and non-linear relationships.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This NHANES-based study included 16,062 adults. Regardless of the adjustment for covariates, significant associations were found between the TyG index, METS-IR, TG/HDL-C, HOMA-IR and hypertension risk. The ROC curve demonstrated the stability of the TyG index, METS-IR, TG/HDL-C, and HOMA-IR in predicting hypertension risk. The RCS curves uncovered a linear relationship between the TyG index, METS-IR, and hypertension, whereas TG/HDL-C and HOMA-IR exhibited a non-linear association with hypertension. Subgroup analyses indicated that smoking and diabetes may influence the relationship between insulin resistance-related indices and hypertension.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elevated levels of the insulin resistance indices TyG index, METS-IR, TG/HDL-C, and HOMA-IR are closely associated with hypertension risk. These indices can serve as effective markers for monitoring hypertension risk in clinical practice. However, larger-scale prospective cohort studies are needed to validate these findings and further explore the clinical application potential of the TyG index, METS-IR, TG/HDL-C, and HOMA-IR as tools for cardiovascular risk assessment. Such studies will help elucidate the specific causal relationships between these insulin resistance-related indices and hypertension and advance their practical application in clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"487-497"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142956048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Efficacy of β-Carotene and Losartan Against Isoproterenol-Induced Cardiac Fibrosis: An Experimental and Computational Studies.","authors":"Niharika Patil, Vishal S Patil, Nandeeni Punase, Ghanshyam Mapare, Shvetank Bhatt, Chandragouda R Patil","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2461217","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2461217","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>β-carotene, a vitamin A precursor is reported to inhibit molecular pathways cardinal to pathogenesis of fibrotic tissue alterations and in this study, the effectiveness of 14 days oral administration of β-carotene (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg/day) in the cardiac fibrosis (CF) in rats was studied and explored the mechanisms through network pharmacology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>CF was induced by isoproterenol (ISO) 6 mg/kg/SC from day 1 to day 7. Losartan (LOS) 10 mg/kg/day/<i>p.o.</i> served as the standard. Both β-carotene and LOS were administered from day 1 to 14. On the 15^th day, ECG and blood pressure (systolic, diastolic and mean) were recorded in the anesthetized rats followed by their euthanasia. The extent of cardiac fibrosis in the isolated hearts was determined using heart coefficient, tissue levels of hydroxyproline, histological examination. The oxidative stress in cardiac tissue was estimated, as GSH, SOD, catalase, MDA and NO. β-carotene targeted proteins pathway, process, and functional enrichment analysis were explored through network pharmacology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>β-carotene dose-dependently mitigated the biochemical and histological changes induced by ISO in heart tissues. In ECG, it restored ST height, QT, and QRS intervals. Additionally, it normalized systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressures. The reduction in heart coefficient suggests β-carotene's potential to inhibit collagen deposition in heart tissue. β-carotene normalized oxidative stress markers, and hydroxyproline levels. All other biochemical parameters were restored to normal levels with β-carotene treatment. β-carotene 40 mg/kg dose showed comparable effect to that of LOS 10 mg/kg. β-carotene modulated IL-17, TNF, NF-kappa B, HIF-1, Sphingolipid, Relaxin, Adipocytokine, cAMP, Toll-like receptor, MAPK, PI3K-Akt, cGMP-PKG, VEGF, Ras, and PPAR signaling pathways.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>β-carotene dose-dependently protects against ISO-induced CF in rats, with 40 mg/kg as an effective antifibrotic dose.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"529-544"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143383448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The eFEct of an Anti-Inflammatory Diet for Knee oSTeoarthritis (FEAST) Trial: Baseline Characteristics and Relationships With Dietary Inflammatory Index.","authors":"Lynette Law, Joshua J Heerey, Brooke L Devlin, Peter Brukner, Alysha M De Livera, Amanda Attanayake, Indiana Cooper, Amy Donato, James R Hebert, Sherry Price, Nathan P White, Adam G Culvenor","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2461219","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2461219","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to: (i) describe the results of recruitment into the eFfEct of an Anti-inflammatory diet for knee oSTeoarthritis (FEAST) randomized controlled trial (RCT); (ii) report baseline characteristics of randomized participants and compare these with four large international cohorts; and (iii) explore cross-sectional associations between dietary inflammatory index (DII^®) scores and baseline clinical characteristics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The FEAST RCT compares an anti-inflammatory dietary programme and standard care low-fat dietary programme for adults aged 45-85 years with knee osteoarthritis (OA). At baseline, participants provided medical history (medical comorbidities, symptomatic musculoskeletal sites), completed questionnaires (demographic characteristics, Knee injury and OA Outcome Score (KOOS)) and a 3-day food diary. Both DII^® and energy-adjusted DII (E-DII^TM) scores were calculated based on 3-day food diary data and was used to quantify the effect of diet on systemic inflammation. Associations between DII/E-DII and KOOS subscales, symptomatic musculoskeletal sites, and comorbidities was assessed using linear and negative binomial regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>1121 individuals were screened to identify 182 eligible individuals, from which 144 participants (64% female, 36% male) enrolled, with a mean ± <i>SD</i> age 65 ± 8 years and body mass index 30.3 ± 6.2 kg/m². Overweight (41%) and obesity (45%) was common. Two-thirds (62%) had ≥1 medical comorbidity, most commonly hypertension (26%). Musculoskeletal pain in sites other than the index knee was reported in 79%, most commonly in the lower back (42%). Mean DII and E-DII scores were 0.58 ± 1.49 and -0.31 ± 1.41, respectively. No associations were found between DII/E-DII and KOOS subscales except for activities of daily living (ADL), number of medical comorbidities and symptomatic MSK sites, and BMI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The FEAST cohort is comparable to other knee OA cohorts, supporting generalizability of the results. Despite a relatively pro-inflammatory diet at baseline, DII/E-DII was not associated with KOOS subscales, number of comorbidities or symptomatic musculoskeletal sites.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"556-565"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143256927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Outcomes in Diabetic Patients with Zinc Deficiency: A Multi-Institutional Population-Based Study.","authors":"Jheng-Yan Wu, Yu-Jou Wu, Mei-Yuan Liu, Wan-Hsuan Hsu, Ya-Wen Tsai, Ting-Hui Liu, Po-Yu Huang, Min-Hsiang Chuang, Mei-Chuan Lee, Kuo-Chuan Hung, Tsung Yu, Bing-Han Lin, Kuang-Ming Liao, Chih-Cheng Lai","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2461215","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2461215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the association between zinc deficiency (ZD) and the risks of all-cause mortality, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), major adverse kidney events (MAKEs), and all-cause hospitalization in diabetic patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study utilized the TriNetX research network to identify adult patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) between January 1, 2010, and August 31, 2024. Propensity score matching was used to match patients with serum zinc levels below 70 µg/dL (ZD group) to those with serum zinc levels between 70 and 120 µg/dL (control group).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Each group comprised 11,698 matched patients with balanced baseline characteristics. During the 1-year follow-up period, the ZD group exhibited significantly higher risks of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.788, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.591-2.009), MACEs (HR: 1.641, 95% CI: 1.278-2.105), and MAKEs (HR: 1.534, 95% CI: 1.293-1.821), as well as a higher risk of hospitalization (HR: 1.272, 95% CI: 1.216-1.330).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Zinc deficiency in diabetic patients is associated with increased risks of all-cause mortality, MACEs, MAKEs, and all-cause hospitalization. These findings underscore the importance of assessing zinc status in the clinical management of patients with DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"521-528"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143256924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Food Is Medicine\" Strategies for Respiratory Health: Evidence From NHANES 2005-2012.","authors":"Ailin Lan, Bin Gao, Bing Lin, Hongxue Fu, Shijing Tian, Xiaoying Chen, Yuanyuan Xu, Yang Peng, Xiaoni Zhong, Fachun Zhou","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2466568","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2466568","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Compared with other diseases with similar global burdens, little is known about how lifestyle factors other than smoking affect respiratory health, and few studies have systematically investigated the combined associations between diet and respiratory health. The aim of this research was to examine the Dietary Inflammation Index (DII), Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015, and individual food and nutrient associations with multiple respiratory outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study combined a cross-sectional study with a prospective cohort study to systematically evaluate data from adults aged 40 years or older (<i>N</i> = 13,227) from 4 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cycles (2005-2006 through 2011-2012) with lung function measures in a subset (<i>n</i> = 6337). DII, HEI-2015, and individual foods and nutrients were evaluated for their associations with respiratory symptoms (cough, phlegm problem, wheezing, and exertional dyspnea), chronic lung disease (asthma, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema), lung function (percentage of predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEV1pp], percentage of predicted forced vital capacity [FVCpp], forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC), obstructive or restrictive spirometry patterns), respiratory cancer, all-cause mortality, and respiratory disease mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For each point increase in DII, the odds of cough (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.036; 95% CI, 1.002-1.071), wheezing (aOR, 1.044; 95% CI, 1.013-1.075), exertional dyspnea (aOR, 1.042; 95% CI, 1.019-1.066), emphysema (aOR, 1.096; 95% CI, 1.030-1.166), and restrictive spirometry patterns (aOR, 1.066; 95% CI, 1.007-1.128) increased and FEV1pp (adjusted mean difference [aMD], -0.525%; 95% CI, -0.747% to -0.303%) and FVCpp (aMD, -0.566%; 95% CI, -0.762% to -0.371%) decreased. HEI-2015 scores were similarly associated with these respiratory outcomes. Each point increase in the DII was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.048; 95% CI, 1.025-1.071) and respiratory disease mortality (aHR, 1.097; 95% CI, 1.013-1.189); each increase in the HEI-2015 score was associated with a decreased risk of all-cause mortality (aHR, 0.994; 95% CI, 0.991-0.997). The multiple adequacy components recommended in the HEI (fruits, vegetables, whole grains, seafood and plant proteins, and monounsaturated fatty acids) were associated with better respiratory outcomes; the moderation components of restricting refined grains, sugars, and saturated fats were associated with better respiratory outcomes, but restricting sodium intake was associated with increased respiratory symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of this study suggest that a low-inflammatory diet and a healthy diet are consistently associated with better respiratory outcomes. These findings support the potential benefits of a \"Food Is M","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"579-589"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143483616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Early Oral Nutritional Supplementation in Preventing Weight Loss in Head and Neck Cancer Patients Undergoing Postoperative Radiotherapy or Chemoradiotherapy: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Wen Jiang, Haifeng Zhang, Shengjin Dou, Yining He, Guopei Zhu, Rongrong Li","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2458277","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2458277","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) typically undergo surgery followed by postoperative radiotherapy/chemoradiotherpy. Nutritional issues often arise during treatment, potentially affecting outcomes. This study aimed to investigate whether early initiation of oral nutritional supplements (ONS) would prevent weight loss in HNSCC patients undergoing postoperative radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy compared to conventional nutritional intervention.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>Sixty-five surgically treated HNSCC patients were randomized to early nutritional intervention (ENI) or conventional nutritional intervention (CNI) groups. The ENI group started ONS two weeks before radiotherapy, while the CNI group initiated ONS based on dietitian's advice when dietary intake was insufficient. Primary endpoint was body weight change from baseline to two weeks post-radiotherapy. Secondary endpoints included nutritional status, body composition, adverse events, quality of life, and survival.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients in the ENI group experienced less pronounced weight loss compared to those in the CNI group. Lower serum prealbumin levels were observed in the CNI group during radiotherapy, while no significant between-group differences existed in other nutritional parameters, QoL, or survival.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Early ONS intervention effectively prevented significant weight loss in HNSCC patients undergoing postoperative radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy. Our findings strongly support prioritizing and integrating early nutritional support with ONS into routine care for this patient population, given its clear benefits in improving nutritional outcomes during treatment.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>www.ClinicalTrials.gov. NCT03545490.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"498-507"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143190737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesity-Induced Pancreas Lipotoxicity, Oxidative Stress and Inflammation: Protective and Therapeutic Effects of Bee Bread.","authors":"Zaida Zakaria, Zaidatul Akmal Othman, Joseph Bagi Suleiman, Wan Syaheedah Wan Ghazali, Mahaneem Mohamed","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2536769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27697061.2025.2536769","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Obesity is linked to an increased risk of diabetes, and the mechanisms through which excess fat negatively impacts the pancreas remain largely unclear. Our objective was to examine the impact of a high-fat diet (HFD) on pancreatic steatosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation, along with the potential protective and therapeutic effects provided by bee bread.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Male <i>Sprague-Dawley</i> rats were randomly allocated into four groups (<i>n</i> = 6 per group): Standard diet (SD), HFD, HFD with bee bread (HFD + Bb) (0.5 g/kg body weight/d given concurrently for 12 wk as a protective model), and obese with bee bread (OB + Bb) (0.5 g/kg body weight/d given for 6 wk after obesity induction as a therapeutic model). After 12 wk, the body and organ; food intake; and blood serum levels were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Bee bread supplementation in both protective and therapeutic models notably decreased the Lee obesity index (303.1 ± 7.00; 308.6 ± 5.07), serum blood glucose (67.17 ± 4.45 mg/dL; 71.50 ± 3.94 mg/dL), serum insulin levels (0.72 ± 0.28 ng/mL; 1.22 ± 0.49 ng/mL), and lipid concentrations (TG, TC, FFA) in both serum and pancreatic tissue. Furthermore, bee bread inhibited Keap1 and enhanced Nrf2 cytoplasmic and nuclear translocations, resulting in improved pancreatic oxidative stress parameters. Moreover, bee bread reduced pancreatic inflammation and improved β-cell function and its regulator levels (AMPK, Sirt1).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results showed that bee bread has protective and therapeutic effects against obesity-induced pancreatic lipotoxicity and dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144761589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Probiotics Supplementation on Clinical, Humanistic, and Safety Outcomes in Patients With Tuberculosis: A Prospective Cohort Study in a Tertiary Healthcare Facility in South India.","authors":"Tejaswini Baral, Varun Kumar Sudha Gururaj, Mohan K Manu, Chandrashekar Udyavara Kudru, Jitendra Singh, Chiranjay Mukhopadhyay, Mahadev Rao, Kavitha Saravu, Sonal Sekhar Miraj","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2531086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27697061.2025.2531086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to assess the effect of probiotic supplementation on multiple dimensions of tuberculosis (TB) care, including clinical, humanistic, and safety outcomes.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This study is a prospective cohort study. Data were collected for TB treatment outcome, hematologic inflammatory indices, anti-tuberculosis treatment (ATT)-induced adverse drug reactions (ADRs), and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) using EuroQol 5-Dimension 5-level questionnaire to evaluate the effect of probiotics supplementation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In all, 177 patients with drug-sensitive pulmonary TB were enrolled. TB treatment success rates in the study group (SG) and the reference group (RG) were 85.1% and 84.6%, respectively (<i>p</i> = 1.000). Among hematologic inflammatory indices, only the systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) showed a statistically significant reduction after probiotic supplementation (<i>p</i> = 0.048). No significant changes were observed in HRQoL scores at various time points. ATT-induced ADRs were significantly lower in the SG than the RG (14.8% vs 61.3%; <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Probiotic supplementation did not significantly influence TB treatment success or HRQoL outcomes. However, it showed a favorable impact on systemic inflammation and a significant reduction in the incidence of ATT-induced ADRs, especially gastrointestinal side effects. These findings suggest a potential role for probiotics as a supportive adjunct to ameliorate ATT-induced ADRs. Future studies should focus on assessing long-term supplementation effects to investigate humanistic outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144761588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Germinated and Extruded Sorghum Beverage Presented Good Sensorial Acceptance and Improves Insulin and Satiety in Normoglycemic Adults: An Acute Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial.","authors":"Lucimar Aguiar da Silva, Vinícius Parzanini Brilhante de São José, Adriane Moreira Machado, Pietra Vidal Cardoso do Prado, Marcela Benevenuto Ferreira, Haira Guedes Lúcio, Renata Celi Lopes Toledo, Flávia Galvão Cândido, Joseph Francis Pierre, Carlos Wanderlei Piler de Carvalho, Valéria Aparecida Vieira Queiroz, Bárbara Pereira da Silva, Hércia Stampini Duarte Martino","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2539424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27697061.2025.2539424","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the sensorial acceptance of sorghum beverage and its acute effect on the glycemic and insulin and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) responses, food consumption, and subjective appetite and satiety sensations in normoglycemic adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The sorghum flour was characterized, followed by the development of the beverages and sensory analysis with 60 adults. Subsequently, an acute trial was conducted with 14 normoglycemic individuals, where capillary and venous blood were collected at different time points to assess glycemic, insulinemic and satiety responses. Glycemic index of the beverages, food intake, and subjective appetite sensations were also evaluated. The study was registered in the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (register number: RBR-32v2gm5).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The germinated and extruded BRS305 whole sorghum flour presented resistant starch, condensed tannins, and phenolic compounds, which promote important antioxidant activity. Among the developed sorghum beverages, the strawberry-flavored was the most well sensorially accepted and, therefore, selected for an acute clinical study. The sorghum beverage increased GLP-1 and decreased the incremental area under the curve of insulin and the feeling of \"hunger\" by maintaining the glycemic and improving insulin response in the normoglycemic adults relative to the control beverage. The subjective sensations of \"satisfaction\" and \"fullness\" and the composite satiety score were higher at all points of time for the sorghum beverage.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Germinated and extruded sorghum beverage presented good nutritional and sensory quality, and its acute consumption improved postprandial insulin and GLP-1 responses, enhanced satiety in normoglycemic adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144745344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Choline Intake and Chronic Kidney Disease: Evidence from NHANES 2005 to 2020.","authors":"Qinke Lv, Chun Yao, Jian Zhong","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2532079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27697061.2025.2532079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a prevalent condition with substantial morbidity and mortality, and dietary and nutritional factors often play a key role in its progression. Choline, an essential nutrient, has been linked to various health outcomes, including cardiovascular diseases and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. However, the association between dietary choline intake and CKD remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 2005 to 2020, this study aimed to investigate the association between dietary choline intake and CKD among 29,094 participants. Dietary choline intake was assessed through two 24-hour recall interviews, and CKD was defined according to the 2021 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Clinical Practice Guidelines. To analyze the relationship between choline intake and CKD, weighted binary logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis were applied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study found that a higher dietary choline intake was inversely associated with the risk of CKD (odds ratio [OR], 0.85; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.78-0.93; <i>p</i> < 0.001). Participants in the highest quartile of choline intake had a significantly lower risk of CKD than those in the lowest quartile (OR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.72-0.98; <i>p <</i> 0.001). RCS analysis revealed a linear relationship between dietary choline intake and the risk of CKD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides evidence of an inverse relationship between dietary choline intake and CKD risk, suggesting a potential protective role of choline in the prevention and management of CKD. Further longitudinal and molecular studies are required to confirm this hypothesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144733632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}