Journal of the American Nutrition Association最新文献

{"title":"Food Choice Motive Profiles and Nutrition Claims in Brazil: Perceived Healthiness and Substitution Intentions in a Weight-Loss Context.","authors":"Camila de Mello Marsola, Joana Pereira de Carvalho-Ferreira, Natália d'Ottaviano Medina, Diogo Thimoteo da Cunha","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2026.2648561","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2026.2648561","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to identify consumer profiles based on their food choice motivations and their perceptions toward foods with nutrition claims (NCs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The final sample consisted of 412 Brazilian consumers who answered to an online questionnaire. To measure food choice motives, The Eating Motivation Survey (TEMS) was used. The Three Factor Eating Questionnaire-R21 (TFEQ-R21) was employed to assess cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating and emotional eating. Participants evaluated pairs of conventional foods and versions with nutrition claims (e.g. chocolate vs sugar-free chocolate, bread vs gluten-free bread, <i>requeijã</i>o (cream-cheese) vs light <i>requeijão</i>, yogurt vs high-protein yogurt, milk vs lactose-free milk) in terms of perceived healthiness and likelihood of substitution in a weight-loss context.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>Five clusters were identified, characterized by focus on: a) hedonic aspects, b) overall aspects, c) context, d) health and weight control, e) no concerns. Differences in perceived healthiness between clusters for NC foods were found only for <i>high-protein yogurt</i> and <i>light cream-cheese</i>. No differences were observed between clusters in the likelihood of substituting any conventional food with its NC version in a weight-loss diet context. It was noted that the positive effect of NCs on perceived healthiness influenced all consumer profiles in a similar way.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings highlight the urgent need to improve public understanding of what NC actually mean and in which dietary contexts substituting conventional foods with claimed alternatives is appropriate. They also reinforce the importance of stricter regulation of NC on ultra-processed foods, so that these messages do not undermine healthy eating and weight-management efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"561-571"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147595212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resting Energy Expenditure is Overpredicted in Midlife Females: Examining the Accuracy of Predictive Equations and the Role of Lean Soft Tissue in Perimenopause.","authors":"Gabrielle M DelBiondo, Sam R Moore, Paul A Baker, Alex N Ladan, Morgan E Britton, Abbie E Smith-Ryan","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2026.2658497","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2026.2658497","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Perimenopause is often accompanied by changes in metabolism and body composition, including loss of lean soft tissue (LST). The purpose of this study was to compare measured resting energy expenditure (mREE) <i>via</i> indirect calorimetry to predicted REE from common equations in perimenopausal women. The secondary purpose was to examine the effect of LST on differences between mREE and metabolic equations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>REE was assessed using indirect calorimetry in 45 perimenopausal females. Estimated REE was calculated from Cunningham (C), De-Lorenzo (DL), Harris-Benedict (HB), Mifflin St. Jeor (MS), Molnar (M), and ten Haaf (TH) equations. LST (kg) was determined using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. mREE vs estimated were compared using a mixed-model ANOVA. A linear regression was used to examine the effect of LST on predictive equations and mREE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences were seen between mREE vs estimated REE for C (mean difference ± standard error [mREE-C]: -157.8 ± 28.7 kcals, <i>p</i> = 0.001), DL ([mREE-DL]: -381.9 ± 32.8 kcals, <i>p</i> < 0.001), HB ([mREE-HB]: -100.5 ± 30.5 kcals, <i>p</i> = 0.033), and TH ([mREE-TH]: -142.2 ± 33.1 kcals, <i>p</i> = 0.003). MS ([mREE-MS]: -18.5 ± 31.7 kcals, <i>p</i> = 0.99) and M (29.9 ± 34.0 kcals, <i>p</i> = 0.99) equations most closely predicted REE. LST accounted for 1.1-2.2% range of variance in REE.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Estimated REE significantly overestimated caloric expenditure compared to mREE by an average of ∼215 kcals/day, with some equations (MS, M) more accurately estimating REE in perimenopausal women. The MS equation may be most beneficial for REE estimates in midlife women. LST may not be driving differences between mREE and predictive equations.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"572-578"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147783196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing Herbal Power: A Systematic Review of Phytopharmaceuticals in Type 2 Diabetes Management.","authors":"Kamalika Chattopadhyay, Pankaj Kumar, Ravishankar Ram Mani, Kushagra Khanna, Binar Asrining Dhiani, Mogana Rajagopal","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2026.2650457","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2026.2650457","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the key health crises facing the world, with the prevalence expected to surpass 783 million adults by the year 2045. It causes premature disability, death and enormous social and economic costs. It is believed that the number of diabetes mellitus (DM) may increase to 592 million in 2035. Although there are conventional therapies, they are very expensive and limited. Despite the fact drugs that are produced synthetically are effective in controlling the disease, there are some side effects that are related with their long-term use. Consequently, the role of the traditional medicine such as plant extracts and pharmacological compounds derived out of plants is becoming very popular. The purpose of this review is to bring together the existing research on the effectiveness of herbal medicine in treating T2DM and especially phytochemicals based on <i>in vitro</i>, <i>in vivo</i> and clinical studies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review is the first to put a list of mechanisms into seven functional domains (1): insulin secretion and 2 -cell protection (2), insulin signaling facilitation (PI3K/Akt, AMPK, GLUT4) (3), carbohydrate digestion inhibition (alpha -amylase, 3 -glucosidase) (4), lipid metabolism control (5), carbohydrate oxidative stress (6), 3 -cell inflammation, and (7) gut microbiota control. It addresses also a wide range of herbal extracts and commercial products in order to estimate their capacity in the symptoms and complications of T2DM alleviation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Some of the plant-derived metabolites, including antidiabetic properties expressed in their antioxidant, alkaloids and polysaccharides, are discussed. Growing evidence shows that phytochemicals control the secretion and activity of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor and is another natural way of using incretin-based therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of the researches suggest that plant-based compounds are effective in the management of T2DM due to different biochemical processes such as restoration of the pancreatic β-cells functions, insulin sensitization, the stimulation of insulin secretion, the inhibition of hepatic gluconeogenesis, enhancement of glucose absorption, and the suppression of G-6-phosphatase, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"579-602"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147729410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shatavarin IV, a Bioactive Constituent of <i>Asparagus racemosus</i>, Exerts Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects in LPS-Treated Cultured SH-SY5Y Cells via TrkB-BDNF Axis.","authors":"Debayan Das, Diptendu Sarkar, Somdeb Bose Dasgupta, Samudra Prosad Banik, Debasis Bagchi","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2607514","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2607514","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Shatavarin IV, a steroidal saponin in <i>Asparagus racemosus</i>, is a traditionally recognized phytotherapeutic for the treatment of cognitive ailments. In the present study, the neuroprotective action of shatavarin IV was investigated in cultured SH-SY5Y cells.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cells were treated with shatavarin IV (10 ng/ml) or proprietary ethanolic extract of shatavari root extract (SheVari4^®) containing 5% w/v shatavarin IV (100 ng/ml) in presence and absence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (1 µg/ml), an inducer of inflammatory response, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a neurotrophin, and K252a, an inhibitor of receptor tyrosine kinase. Proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α and anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β were assessed by qPCR. LPS induced oxidative stress was assessed through reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) levels. Molecular docking was carried out to investigate the binding of shatavarin IV to tropomysin receptor kinase B (TrkB) and BDNF.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In LPS-induced cells treated with shatavarin IV, IL6 and TNFα levels were reduced by 46% and 50%, respectively, and those of IL-10 and TGF-β were upregulated by 2.74 and 4.4 times with significant reductions in ROS and NO levels. Similar results were observed in presence of SheVari4^®. Addition of BDNF resulted in further augmentation of shatavarin IV-mediated protection. Administration of K-252a dampened this effect, which indicated that shatavarin IV exerted its effect in the TrkB-BDNF axis. The results also suggested that shatavarin IV probably exerted its effect by salvaging the endogenous BDNF with subsequent docking to TrkB as a BDNF-shatavarin IV complex. <i>In silico</i> docking of shatavarin IV-BDNF complex with TrkB resulted in a considerably strong binding energy of -10.3 kcal/mole, whereas that of shatavarin IV alone was comparatively weaker at -6.9 kcal/mole.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results suggested that the primary bioactive component of <i>Asparagus racemosus</i>, shatavarin IV, exerted its neuroprotective effects on SH-SY5Y cell line <i><u>via</u></i> the TrkB-BDNF axis.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"441-450"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145913229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation and Vascular Health Biomarkers - A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Mostafa Norouzzadeh, Minoo Hasan Rashedi, Niloofar Hamidi, Negar Karimi-Javan, Saeed Nourian, Mohammad Hasanpour, Ali Arash Anoushirvani, Farshad Teymoori","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2606059","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2606059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading global cause of death, partly due to vascular dysfunction. Dietary supplements, including omega-3 fatty acids, are suggested to support vascular health, but their therapeutic effectiveness and optimal dosing are still uncertain.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis study assessed the efficacy and dose-response effects of omega-3 fatty acids on vascular health biomarkers in individuals with CVDs.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library was conducted through May 2025.</p><p><strong>Study selection: </strong>Eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with a minimum intervention duration of four weeks.</p><p><strong>Data extraction and synthesis: </strong>Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed study quality. Data were synthesized as weighted mean differences (WMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane tool, and the certainty of the evidence (CoE) was appraised using the GRADE framework.</p><p><strong>Main outcome(s) and measure(s): </strong>The pulse wave velocity (PWV), augmentation index (AIx), and flow-mediated dilation (FMD).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty RCTs involving 1,208 participants were included, with 80% judged at low risk of bias. Omega-3 supplementation (0.3-4.7 g/day) showed no significant effect on PWV, including in subgroups with hypertension or established CVDs. In contrast, omega-3s improved AIx. FMD elevations were greater for eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) than for alpha-linolenic acid. These findings were consistent across sensitivity analyses and supported by dose-response relationships, indicating that achieving approximately 1,650 mg EPA and 750 mg DHA may be important for optimizing vascular outcomes. The CoE ranged from moderate to low.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Omega-3 fatty acids may enhance endothelial function and reduce arterial wave reflection. Future trials with refined methods are needed to maximize clinical benefit.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>Systematic review registered with PROSPERO, registration number CRD420251065121.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"428-440"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145913276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between Urine Specific Gravity and Fat-Free Mass in Military Personnel.","authors":"Jeffery L Heileson, Tina E Sergi, Patrick B Wilson","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2604221","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2604221","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Military fluid replacement guidelines highlight the importance of hydration assessment prior to training and combat operations. Urine specific gravity (USG) is a commonly used assessment method to estimate hypohydration, typically based on a threshold of ≥1.020. However, recent evidence has suggested that this USG threshold may be influenced by body composition, primarily fat-free mass (FFM), thus a more liberal USG threshold (i.e., ≥1.025) may be warranted. The purpose of this exploratory study was to determine if there is a relationship between USG and FFM, a proxy for skeletal muscle, and compare FFM between those with and without elevated USG (≥1.020 and ≥1.025).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A sample of 346 military personnel provided urine samples for analysis via refractometer and had FFM estimated via bioelectrical impedance analysis (<i>n</i> = 165) or dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (<i>n</i> = 181). Correlations (r) and linear regression were used to describe the relationship between FFM and USG. An ANCOVA with body composition device as a covariate determined the difference in FFM based on hydration status. Significance was set <i>a priori</i> at <i>p</i> < .05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Regardless of USG threshold, male military personnel were proportionally more likely to be considered hypohydrated. There was a significant positive, albeit weak, correlation between USG and FFM (<i>r</i> = 0.268, <i>p</i> < .001). Based on linear regression, 7.2% of the variance in USG was explained by FFM (<i>p</i> < .001). Military personnel with USG ≥1.020 or ≥1.025 had 5.0 kg (<i>p</i> < .001) and 7.6 kg (<i>p</i> < .001) more FFM than those considered euhydrated, respectively. No sex differences were identified.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results suggest that USG is partially influenced by FFM and indicate that the liberal USG threshold for determining hypohydration may be the most appropriate for military personnel and other populations with higher FFM (e.g., strength and power-based athletes).</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"422-427"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145913212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blood Metabolomic and Proteomic Signatures of Total, Healthy, and Unhealthy Low-Carbohydrate Diets in the UK Biobank.","authors":"Manije Darooghegi Mofrad, Briana Nosal, Jinbo Bi, Ock K Chun","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2588435","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2588435","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Understanding the biological pathways linking low-carbohydrate diets (LCDs) to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is complex due to heterogeneity in LCD patterns, limited clinical biomarkers that reflect underlying mechanisms, and substantial interindividual variability. This study aimed to identify plasma metabolomic and proteomic signatures of total, healthy, and unhealthy LCDs to elucidate biological pathways associated with these LCDs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 57,199 participants with metabolomics data and 9,895 participants with proteomics data without CVD at baseline from the UK Biobank. The LCD adherence was assessed using multiple validated 24-h dietary recalls. Plasma metabolites were profiled using high-throughput nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and protein expression levels were quantified using the antibody-based Proximity Extension Assay by Olink. Elastic net regression was applied to identify the metabolomic and proteomic signatures of total, healthy, and unhealthy LCDs. Pathway overrepresentation analysis was conducted for LCD-related proteins.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 29, 36, and 89 metabolites were associated with total, healthy, and unhealthy LCDs, respectively, including lipoproteins, fatty acids, lipids, ketone bodies, amino acids, inflammation, fluid balance, and glycolysis metabolites. Pearson correlations between total, healthy, and unhealthy LCD scores and the metabolomic signatures were 0.177, 0.302, 0.254 in the training set and 0.159, 0.293, and 0.250 in the test set, respectively (<i>p</i> < 0.001). For the proteomic analysis, 89, 62, and 163 proteins were associated with total, healthy, and unhealthy LCDs, respectively with corresponding Pearson correlations of 0.343, 0.325, 0.396 in the training set and 0.294, 0.284, and 0.337 in the test set, respectively (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Six unique biological pathways were significantly enriched by LCD-related proteins.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Distinct plasma metabolomic and proteomic profiles were associated with adherence to total, healthy, and unhealthy LCDs in UK adults. Further study is warranted to clarify the link between LCDs, metabolomic and proteomic profiles, and pathogenesis of CVDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"397-411"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146087475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of <i>Brassica juncea</i> Seed Extract on Diabetes-Related Gene Expression Profiling of Pancreatic β-Cells in a Rat Model: Relevance to Environmental and Health Safety.","authors":"Zahid Sarfraz, Rabia Rehman, Makkia Saleem, Zahrah T Al-Thagafi, Mohamed A Habib, Ahmed B M Ibrahim, Mehwish Akram","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2596999","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2596999","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The health of pancreatic β cells is known to be under the tight control of several genetic processes, including insulin signaling, regeneration (<i>IGF-1</i>, <i>FOXO-1</i>, <i>JAK-2</i>, <i>STAT-1</i>), and calcium signaling (<i>GRK-2</i>, <i>PIAS-2</i>, <i>CALM-2</i>). These signaling cascades regulate β-cell proliferation, differentiation, and insulin production and secretion and thus have been known to be the key players in diabetes pathogenesis as well as drug targets. This study aimed to elucidate the protective effect of <i>Brassica juncea</i> seed extract and β-cells dietary supplement.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong><i>B juncea</i> seed extract was given to male albino rats with streptozotocin (STZ) -induced diabetes for 42 days. Rats were divided into 5 groups: normal control, diabetic control, glibenclamide, extract and seed supplementation. At the end of study, pancreata were harvested for histopathologic analysis and quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction for regeneration, insulin, and calcium signaling pathway genes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Histopathologic analysis showed severe pancreatic damage, including β-cell destruction and steatosis, in the diabetic control group, whereas treatment with <i>B juncea</i> extract and supplemented feed preserved pancreatic architecture, with only mild disruptions and improved β-cell morphology. Gene expression analysis revealed significant upregulation of genes (i.e., <i>JAK-2</i>, <i>STAT-1</i>, <i>FOXO-1</i>, <i>IGF-1</i>, <i>GRK-2</i>, <i>PIAS-2</i>, and <i>CALM-2</i>) in the diabetic control group, while treated groups exhibited moderated expression levels, suggesting improved regulation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results indicate that <i>B juncea</i> seeds are nutrient-rich that exhibit promising gene expression-modulating properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"412-421"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145953278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biocompatible Food Matrix for Digestibility and Bioavailability of β-Carotene, Resveratrol, and Gypenosides.","authors":"Nazir Ahmad, Munza Khan, Anwar Ali, Abid Rashid, Muhammad Tahir Nadeem, Amanullah Sabir, Bakht Ramin Shah, Muhammad Zubair Khalid, Suleiman A Althawab, Tawfiq Alsulami","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2610811","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2610811","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The bioaccessibility and potential bioavailability of β-carotene, resveratrol and gypenosides are significantly influenced by co-ingested food matrices.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This study evaluated <i>in vitro</i> digestibility and potential bioavailability of these compounds using diverse carriers, including liquid (coffee, sprinkled and plain water), dairy (fruited and plain yogurt), solid (bread with sauce), and fruit/vegetable-based matrices (juices and smoothies).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among liquid matrices, coffee significantly enhanced the digestibility and bioavailability of resveratrol (23%, 21%) and gypenosides (17%, 16.44%) but markedly reduced β-carotene uptake (0.23%, 0.14%) due to interference with micelle formation. Conversely, sprinkled water moderately improved β-carotene bioavailability (3.13%, 2.31%). Solid matrices, particularly bread + sauce, enhanced bioavailability of β-carotene (11%) and resveratrol (2.40%) due to the presence of emulsifying lipids. Dairy matrices showed mixed effects; plain and fruited yogurts improved gypenosides bioavailability (6.93-7.98%) but had limited benefit for resveratrol and β-carotene due to protein compound interactions. Among fruit/vegetable matrices, tomato juice and smoothies consistently enhanced bioavailability for all three compounds, especially gypenosides (17%, 8.83%) and β-carotene (6.91%, 6.28%), likely due to lycopene content, natural emulsifiers, and disrupted cellular structure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings highlight that delivery matrix critically affects the digestive fate and potential efficacy of β-carotene, resveratrol, and gypenosides and structurally disrupted matrices offering superior absorption potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"464-474"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145953265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supplementation With <i>Lactococcus lactis</i> LMG 27352: Lack of Beneficial Effects on Cardiometabolic Risk in Obese Patients Without Concomitant Dietary Intervention-A Randomized, Triple-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.","authors":"Melissa Aparecida Morais, Bianca Aparecida de Sousa, João Paulo Lima de Oiveira, Luíz Gustavo Dos Santos, Yasmin Maria Borges Barolli Reis, Lívia Borges Rodrigues Silva, Maria Luiza Dutra Souza, Leandra Passarelli Castro E Souza, Isabela Coelho de Castro, Camila Maria de Melo, Andrezza Fernanda Santiago","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2610805","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2610805","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Recent evidence suggests that gut microbial imbalance may contribute to the pathogenesis of obesity-related metabolic disorders, including cardiovascular diseases. Although the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood, numerous studies have investigated the modulation of gut microbiota through probiotic supplementation as a potential preventive or therapeutic approach. This randomized, prospective, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial aimed to evaluate the effects of <i>Lactococcus lactis</i>, a probiotic with anti-inflammatory properties, on cardiometabolic risk factors associated with obesity.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Fifty-two adults with elevated waist circumference and at least one additional metabolic alteration, such as elevated blood pressure, triglycerides, or glucose or reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were recruited and randomly assigned to either a probiotic or placebo group (n = 26 each) for 90 days. During the study, 5 participants from the probiotic group withdrew, resulting in 21 participants for the probiotic group's endpoint analyses. Neither group received guidance regarding food intake. Participants underwent assessments of anthropometry, body composition, dietary intake, and a range of biochemical markers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant improvements were observed on cardiometabolic risk parameters following <i>L lactis</i> LMG 27352 supplementation. Dietary analysis further revealed a significant rise in carbohydrate intake in both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings of this study suggest limited clinical efficacy of <i>L lactis</i> LMG 27352 supplementation in metabolic disorders related to obesity under the conditions investigated. These results underscore the critical influence of dietary patterns, particularly sodium and carbohydrate intake, which may have modulated or counteracted any potential benefits of the probiotic strain.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"451-463"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146087401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}