Journal of the American Nutrition Association最新文献

{"title":"Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity of Brazilian Adults and the Elderly: An Analysis Based on the Degree of Food Processing (NOVA Classification).","authors":"Luana Alberti Noronha, Marcela Nogueira Ferrario, Eloá Angélica Koehnlein","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2496489","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2496489","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to estimate the dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) of Brazilian adults and elderly and to identify the foods that contributed the most to antioxidant intake and their degree of processing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were collected from the National Dietary Survey of the 2017-2018 Household Budget Survey. DTAC was estimated using a database based on the Ferric-Reducing Ability Power (FRAP) assay, evaluating 1,335 food items consumed by Brazilians, and the degree of processing was identified according to the NOVA Classification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The estimated average DTAC/1000Kcal was 4.27 mmol, and women (4.36mmol), elderly individuals (4.65mmol), black, mixed-race, and indigenous individuals (4.15mmol), residents in rural areas (4.61mmol), and those living in the South region (4.98mmol) had significantly higher DTAC when compared to other groups. DTAC decreased with the increase in income and education levels. Non-alcoholic beverages accounted for 58.84% of DTAC, followed by legumes (16.38%) and fruits (8.17%). Regarding the degree of processing, in natura and minimally processed foods contributed 92% of DTAC (3.93mmol), while ultra-processed foods accounted for 5.5% (0.235mmol).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings of this study reinforce the importance of consuming in natura and minimally processed foods, in the line with the Dietary Guidelines for the Brazilian Population, particularly with respect to antioxidant intake.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"669-680"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144049918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of Incident Diabetes and Cardiovascular Diseases: Prevention Opportunities With the American Heart Association's Life's Essential 8 in Individuals With Prediabetes Bearing Different Genetic Predisposition.","authors":"Meng-Chu Li, Jia-Li Zhang, Hong-Guang Li, Yue Li, Chen Wang, Hui-Lian Zhu, Zhao-Yan Liu","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2540940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27697061.2025.2540940","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this research was to investigate the effects of cardiovascular health (CVH), genetic predisposition, and their interactions on new-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) among individuals with prediabetes.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We assessed 26,962 individuals with prediabetes from the UK Biobank. Life's Essential 8 (LE8) was utilized to measure CVH. LE8 score encompasses 4 health behaviors (diet, physical activity, nicotine exposure, sleep) and 4 health factors (body mass index, blood lipids, blood glucose, blood pressure). Polygenic risk score (PRS) was utilized to evaluate genetic predisposition. Cox regression analyses were applied to explore the associations of LE8 score and PRS with new-onset T2D, CVD, myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher LE8 score was associated with lower risk of adverse outcomes (hazard ratios [HRs] ranging from 0.26 to 0.72) after multivariate adjustment. Even a 1-point increment in LE8 score was significantly linked to decreased risk of adverse outcomes in participants with prediabetes (HRs ranging from 0.97 to 0.99). A substantial proportion of incident T2D (70.47%) and CVD (45.12%) cases could be attributable to low LE8 score. Higher PRS was significantly associated with higher risk of adverse outcomes (HRs ranging from 1.38 to 3.68). Compared with those who had a low LE8 score and high PRS, participants with a high LE8 score and low PRS had lower risk of T2D, CVD, MI, and stroke. Participants with low PRS benefited more from adherence to LE8 concerning incident T2D. Besides, further analysis suggested that BMI, blood pressure, and nicotine exposure have the greatest contribution to incident T2D and CVD during the prediabetes stage.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Ideal CVH was associated with lower risk of incident T2D and CVD among individuals with prediabetes, irrespective of their genetic predisposition. If all metrics could not be improved at once, achieving ideal status of BMI and blood pressure and avoiding nicotine exposure should be prioritized.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144971646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of 8-Week Creatine Hydrochloride and Creatine Ethyl Ester Supplementation on Cognition, Clinical Outcomes, and Brain Creatine Levels in Perimenopausal and Menopausal Women (CONCRET-MENOPA): A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Darinka Korovljev, Jelena Ostojic, Jovana Panic, Marijana Ranisavljev, Nikola Todorovic, David Nedeljkovic, Jovan Kuzmanovic, Milan Vranes, Valdemar Stajer, Sergej M Ostojic","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2551184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27697061.2025.2551184","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the effects of an 8-week supplementation with varying doses of creatine hydrochloride, administered alone or in combination with creatine ethyl ester, on cognitive function, clinical outcomes, brain creatine concentrations, and biochemical markers in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. This study specifically aimed to evaluate the potential of low-dose creatine formulations with enhanced solubility as a targeted intervention for menopause-related neurocognitive and metabolic changes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 36 apparently healthy perimenopausal and menopausal women (mean age 50.1 ± 5.7 years) were randomly allocated to one of four groups: low-dose creatine hydrochloride (750 mg/day), medium-dose creatine hydrochloride (1,500 mg/day), creatine hydrochloride plus creatine ethyl ester (800 mg/day), or placebo, in this randomized controlled double-blind trial. Menopausal women were defined as having no menstrual cycle for 12 consecutive months without other causes, while perimenopausal women were still menstruating but reported at least one symptom such as hot flashes, sleep disturbances, mood swings, or concentration difficulties.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Supplementation with medium-dose creatine hydrochloride was found to be superior to placebo in enhancing reaction time (1.2 vs. 6.6%; <i>p</i> < 0.01), increasing frontal brain creatine levels (0.9 vs. 16.4%; <i>p</i> < 0.01), and favorably modulating serum lipid profiles (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Moreover, medium-dose creatine hydrochloride demonstrated a potential advantage over other treatments in reducing the severity of mood swings (<i>p</i> = 0.06). All interventions were well tolerated, with no severe adverse effects reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that this supplementation protocol may be a promising, safe, effective, and practical dietary strategy for improving clinical outcomes and elevating brain creatine concentrations in perimenopausal and menopausal women. The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06660004).</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144971605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diet-Controlled Whey Protein Supplementation: Mitigating Serum Creatine Kinase Levels After Continuous Resistance Exercise.","authors":"Chae-Been Kim, Dohyun Ahn, Ji-Been Kim, Hyoung-Su Park, Hye-Jin Kim, Jung-Jun Park","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2548514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27697061.2025.2548514","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>As awareness of the health benefits of resistance exercise grows, an increasing number of people are participating, but eccentric movements in such exercises can cause muscle damage. This study aimed to investigate the effects of whey protein supplementation on resistance exercise-induced serum creatine kinase (CK) increase.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional study with repeated measures intervention lasting 1 week.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-six men were randomly assigned to a protein supplement group (PSG) or a placebo group (CON). Participants consumed three packed meals with protein supplement or placebo daily. Resistance exercise (60% 1-RM intensity) occurred for 60 min over 6 consecutive days. Blood was collected at baseline, within 1-h post-exercise for 6 days, and 24 h after the final session.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a significant group-by-time interaction (<i>p</i> = 0.049). In PSG, there were no significant changes in serum CK levels at any consecutive time points. However, a significant increase in serum CK levels was observed exclusively in CON from 0 to 24 h after exercise (from 551.4 ± 323.4 to 1244.8 ± 1203.6, <i>p</i> = 0.036), and also from 24 to 48 h after exercise (from 1244.8 ± 1203.6 to 7480.2 ± 9173.0, <i>p</i> = 0.044). Additionally, a significant decrease was noted only in CON from 96 to 120 h after exercise (from 12696.3 ± 10438.4 to 9957.8 ± 9176.6, <i>p</i> = 0.023). Serum CK levels on the last day were lower in PSG than in CON (<i>p</i> = 0.023).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, whey protein supplementation may have a positive effect in mitigating the serum CK increase induced by six consecutive days of resistance exercise.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144971562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hispanic Adults Demonstrate Higher Fat-Free Mass Density Compared to Cadaver Reference Values: A 4-Compartment Model Approach.","authors":"Justo Perez, Ronald L Snarr, Catherine Saenz, Kyung-Shin Park, Stefan A Czerwinski, Brett S Nickerson","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2545864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27697061.2025.2545864","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hispanic individuals represent the fastest-growing U.S. population, yet their body composition profiles remain poorly understood, particularly regarding fat-free mass (FFM) characteristics such as density (D_FFM), hydration (TBW:FFM), bone mineral content (Mo:FFM), and residual mass (R:FFM).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this research was to measure FFM characteristics in Hispanic adults and compare them against cadaver reference values using a 4-compartment (4C) model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One-hundred thirty Hispanic adults (60 male, 70 female; aged 28 ± 12, 30 ± 11 years; body mass index 28.28 ± 5.20, 27.90 ± 6.32 kg/m²) participated in data collection. Deuterium oxide, dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, and air displacement plethysmography were used to calculate D_FFM, TBW:FFM, Mo:FFM, and R:FFM. Differences between the Hispanic cohort and cadaver reference values were compared using 1-sample <i>t</i> tests, and between-group differences were analyzed using independent-samples <i>t</i> tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hispanic males (1.103 g/cm³) and females (1.103 g/cm³) showed small effect sizes (ES) in D_FFM compared to cadaver reference values (1.100 g/cm³; both ES = 0.41). Female FFM characteristics (TBW:FFM, Mo:FFM, and R:FFM) demonstrated small to moderate differences from reference values (ES = 0.30-0.59). Compared to cadaver values, males showed moderate differences in TBW:FFM (ES = 0.70) and large differences in Mo:FFM (ES = 1.08) and R:FFM (ES = 0.98). Sex-based comparisons revealed moderate differences in Mo:FFM (ES = 0.78), while all other FFM characteristics exhibited only trivial to small differences (ES = 0.001-0.43).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The small ES for D_FFM and TBW:FFM indicate that densitometry- and bioimpedance-based methods, which rely upon outlined assumptions, may accurately assess body composition in Hispanic adults. Nonetheless, future research should continue evaluating the accuracy of existing body density and total body water-based methods in Hispanic populations to confirm their validity and determine whether refinement or development of population- or sex-specific equations is necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144971628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive Review of Isoflavones and Lignans in the Prophylaxis and Treatment of Breast Cancer.","authors":"Zuzanna Tułacz, Maciej Włodarczyk","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2541839","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2541839","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide, with the highest mortality of all cancers. In most cases, breast cancer is estrogen-dependent, which means cancer cells express estrogen receptors. Phytoestrogens, due to their structural similarities with estrogen, are capable of binding to estrogen receptors and are therefore also referred to as selective estrogen receptor modulators. They can be either estrogen agonists or antagonists and influence the risk of breast cancer. Two prominent representatives of phytoestrogens are isoflavones, which are found in soy products, and lignans, which are found in flaxseed, vegetables, and certain nuts. Phytoestrogens may be used in breast cancer prevention. They can reduce the risk of breast cancer incidence and its recurrence, yet mostly in postmenopausal women, and the reasons for this have not yet been explained. Plausible mechanisms of cancer risk-lowering properties of phytoestrogens include antiestrogenic action, influencing estrogen metabolism, sex hormone concentrations, and menstrual cycle length. These actions are not observed in every consumer. Phytoestrogens are found in plants in glycoside form (bound with sugar molecules), and at least part of them must be metabolized to their biologically active metabolites (equol for isoflavones and enterolactone for lignans) by intestinal microbiota. Bacterial strains capable of phytoestrogen metabolism have been identified. This article thoroughly describes phytoestrogens' metabolism and their associations with breast cancer risk and outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144875558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of Association Between Dietary Advanced Glycation End Product Intake Levels and Dietary Inflammatory Index and Menstrual Symptoms in University Students.","authors":"Büşra Nur Aşık, Elif Ede Çintesun","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2538611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27697061.2025.2538611","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Intake of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) may be related to the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and menstrual symptoms through inflammation. The present study aims to investigate the relation between diet-derived AGE (dAGE) intake levels, DII, and menstrual symptoms among university students.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study was conducted with 380 female students between November 2023 and January 2024. Participants were administered a questionnaire through face-to-face interviews. Demographic information, dietary habits, physical activity status, and findings from the Menstrual Symptom Questionnaire (MSQ) were evaluated. Additionally, participants' 24-hour dietary intake records were collected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average intake of dAGEs among students was 6483.82 ± 4084.75 kU/d, with mean DII scores of 7.14 ± 4.06 and mean MSQ total scores of 3.10 ± 0.76. In terms of AGE intake levels, students who preferred frying as a cooking method had statistically higher median values compared to those who preferred baking and boiling. As individuals' dAGE intake increased, there was an observed increase in energy, protein, and fat consumption. Conversely, an increase in DII total scores was associated with decreased intake of dietary fiber, vitamin E, vitamin B1, potassium, magnesium, and copper.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>As participants' dAGE intakes increased, a decrease in DII total scores was observed; statistically significant correlation was not found between dAGE intake levels and MSQ total scores. This study revealed the relationship between dAGE intake and DII and menstrual symptoms and suggests the need for comprehensive studies to achieve clearer conclusions.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144790137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analytical Review on Nutritional Deficiencies in Vegan Diets: Risks, Prevention, and Optimal Strategies.","authors":"Anshika Malhotra, Ankita Lakade","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2461218","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2461218","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Factors like health concerns, environmental issues, and ethics have driven the rapid rise in veganism's popularity over the last decade. While studies confirm that veganism reduces the risk of chronic diseases, such as diabetes, obesity, and heart disease, significant challenges persist in meeting nutritional needs. This review identifies critical dietary deficiencies common in vegan diets, including inadequacies in vitamin B12, iron, calcium, vitamin D, Iodine, zinc, and omega-3 fatty acids, and explores strategies to mitigate these risks. These deficiencies result in chronic diseases like anemia, osteoporosis, and neurological disorders. Hence, this review observes the clinical literature to establish causes and will discuss a supplement strategy to enhance these deficiencies. Economic accessibility to fortified foods and supplements poses additional challenges, particularly for low-income individuals or regions with limited access to vegan-friendly products. Addressing these barriers is essential to make vegan diets viable for all. Many of these nutrients, predominantly found in animal products, are difficult to obtain in sufficient amounts through plant-based diets alone, leading to potential health risks like anemia, osteoporosis, and neurological disorders. This study evaluates clinical literature to pinpoint the causes of these deficiencies and examines effective supplementation strategies to address them. Beyond highlighting the challenges, it discusses the environmental benefits of veganism, showing how plant-based diets significantly reduce water usage, land pressure, and greenhouse gas emissions. The study concludes that while a poorly planned vegan diet can lead to nutritional inadequacies, with proper dietary planning and personalized supplementation, vegan diets can support long-term health and promote environmental sustainability. Recommendations from experts are also included for tailoring vegan diets to meet individual health needs effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"545-555"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143400291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pasta Consumption and Cardiometabolic Risks in Older Adults with Overweight/Obesity: A Longitudinal Analysis.","authors":"Sangeetha Shyam, Stephanie K Nishi, Jiaqi Ni, Miguel Ángel Martínez-González, Dolores Corella, Helmut Schröder, J Alfredo Martínez, Ángel M Alonso-Gómez, Julia Wärnberg, Jesús Vioque, Dora Romaguera, José López-Miranda, Ramon Estruch, Francisco J Tinahones, José Lapetra, Lluís Serra-Majem, Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas, Josep A Tur, Vicente Martín Sánchez, Xavier Pintó, Miguel Delgado-Rodríguez, Pilar Matía-Martín, Josep Vidal, Clotilde Vázquez, Lidia Daimiel, Emilio Ros, José J Gaforio, Miguel Ruiz-Canela, Rebeca Fernández-Carrión, Albert Goday, Antonio Garcia-Rios, Laura Torres-Collado, Raquel Cueto-Galán, M Angeles Zulet, Lara Prohens, Rosa Casas, M Angeles Castillo-Hermoso, Lucas Tojal-Sierra, Gómez-Pérez Am, Ana García-Arellano, José V Sorlí, Olga Castañer, Antonio P Arenas-Larriva, Alejandro Oncina-Cánovas, Leticia Goñi, Montserrat Fitó, Nancy Babio, Jordi Salas-Salvadó","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2463454","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2463454","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Low Glycemic Index (GI) diets improve cardiometabolic risk (CMR) specifically in those with insulin resistance. However, the prospective association between pasta (a low GI staple) consumption and CMR is unclear. We evaluated the longitudinal association of pasta consumption with CMR (after 2 y: body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP); after 1 y: fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides) in ∼6000 older adults (50% women) at high CMR.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Consumption of pasta and other staples were determined as the cumulative average of reported intakes at baseline and annual follow-up visits from food frequency questionnaires and defined as energy-adjusted (residuals) and the number of daily servings. Longitudinal association between pasta consumption and CMR was assessed in PREDIMED-Plus participants (Trail registry number: <u>ISRCTN89898870</u>).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean (SD) dry pasta intake was 9(7) g/d at Year 1 and 8(6) g/d at Year 2. In linear regression models, higher pasta intake was associated with greater 2 y decreases in body weight, BMI and WC. When fully adjusted, every additional serving of pasta was associated with significantly greater 2 y decreases in body weight (-2.23(-3.47, -0.98 kg), BMI (-0.86(-1.27, -0.34 kg/m²) and WC (-1.92 (-3.46, -0.38 cm). There was no evidence of association with other outcomes. Additionally, substituting equivalent servings of pasta for white bread or white rice or potato was significantly associated with greater 2 y decreases in body weight and BMI. Replacing white bread with pasta was associated with higher 2 y reductions in WC. Replacing potato with pasta was associated with improvements in diastolic BP and HDL-cholesterol. <b>Conclusions:</b> Equivalent serving substitutions of white bread/white rice/potato with pasta may help reduce CMR in older Mediterranean adults with overweight/obesity. While such substitutions are feasible where pasta consumption aligns with the local gastronomic culture, the feasibility and potential CMR benefit of such interventions should be confirmed in other populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"566-578"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143459775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Menatetrenone: Origin, Chemistry, Therapies and Delivery.","authors":"Widhilika Singh, Poonam Kushwaha, Shom Prakash Kushwaha","doi":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2460539","DOIUrl":"10.1080/27697061.2025.2460539","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Menatetrenone (MK-4), a potent form of vitamin K2, has gained significant attention for its diverse therapeutic potential, particularly in bone health, cardiovascular protection, and metabolic disorders. This manuscript explores the origins and chemical structure of menatetrenone, highlighting its synthesis from dietary sources and its enzymatic conversion in the body. The review examines the extensive therapeutic applications of MK-4, focusing on its role in treating osteoporosis, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases, along with emerging evidence of its anticancer and neuroprotective effects. Furthermore, the manuscript discusses innovative delivery systems, such as nanostructured lipid carriers and other advanced formulations, designed to enhance the bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy of menatetrenone. By addressing the challenges associated with its pharmacokinetics and exploring novel drug delivery strategies, this review provides a comprehensive overview of menatetrenone's therapeutic promise and outlines future directions for its clinical use.</p>","PeriodicalId":29768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Nutrition Association","volume":" ","pages":"508-520"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143081288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}