American Journal of Biological Anthropology最新文献

{"title":"Correction to “Nutritional Importance of a Liana Species for a Population of Bornean Orangutans”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/ajpa.70060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.70060","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Aguado, W. D., A. Zulfa, T. D. Bransford, K. P. Makur, M. A. van Noordwijk, S. S. Utami Atmoko, E. R. and Vogel, E.R. 2025. “Nutritional Importance of a Liana Species for a Population of Bornean Orangutans.” <i>American Journal of Biological Anthropology</i> 186: e70042. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.70042.</p><p>\u0000 <b>The authors would like to correct the last sentence of the Methods section 2.6 Analyses as follows:</b>\u0000 </p><p>“All data analyses were conducted in R (version 4.2.0, R Core Team 2022) and various packages were used for data wrangling and graphical displays (see code on OSF: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/8FRWU).”</p><p>\u0000 <b>The authors would accordingly like to correct the Data Availability Statement as noted below:</b>\u0000 </p><p>“Data and code used for analyses were mentioned to be available in the Dryad Digital Repository. They are available on the Open Science Framework (OSF): https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/8FRWU.”</p><p>We apologize for these errors.</p>","PeriodicalId":29759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"187 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajpa.70060","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A High-Resolution Genomic Study of the Pama-Nyungan Speaking Yolngu People of Northeast Arnhem Land, Australia","authors":"Neville White,&nbsp;Manoharan Kumar,&nbsp;David Lambert","doi":"10.1002/ajpa.70063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.70063","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Objectives&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;About 300 Aboriginal languages were spoken in Australia, classified into two groups: Pama-Nyungan (PN), comprised of one language Family, and Non-Pama-Nyungan (NPN) with more than 20 language Families. The Yolngu people belong to the larger PN Family and live in Arnhem Land in northern Australia. They are surrounded by groups who speak NPN languages. This study, using nuclear genomic and mitochondrial DNA data, was undertaken to shed light on the origins of the Yolngu people and their language. The nuclear genomic sequences of Yolngu people were compared to those of other Indigenous Australians, as well as Papuan, African, East Asian, and European people.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Materials and Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;With the agreement of Indigenous participants, samples were collected from 13 Yolngu individuals and 4 people from neighboring NPN speakers, and their nuclear genomes were sequenced to a 30× coverage. Using the short-read DNA BGISEQ-500 technology, these sequences were mapped to a reference genome and identified ~24.86 million Single Nucleotide Variants (SNVs). The Yolngu SNVs were then compared to those of 36 individuals from 10 other Indigenous populations/locations across Australia and four worldwide populations using multidimensional scaling, population structure, F3 statistics, and phylogenetic analyses.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Using the above methods, we infer that Yolngu speakers are closely related to neighboring NPN speakers, followed by the Weipa population. No European or East Asian admixture was detected in the genomes of the Yolngu speakers studied here, which contrasts with the genomes of many other PN speakers that have been studied. Our results show that Yolngu speakers are more closely related to other PN speakers in the northeast of Australia than to those in central and Western Australia studied here. Yolngu and the other Australian populations from this study share Papuans as an out-group.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Discussion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The study presented here provides an account of the nuclear and mitochondrial genomic diversity within the PN Yolngu Aboriginal population. The results show the Yolngu sample and their NPN neighbors have a strong genetic relationship. They also offer evidence of ancestral links between the Yolngu and PN-speaking populations in Cape York. From earlier fingerprint studies, consistent with the genomic results shown here, we consider a movement of people from the east into northeast Arnhem Land, associated with the flooding of t","PeriodicalId":29759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"187 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajpa.70063","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143914022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"West Side Story: Regional Inter-Troop Variation in Baboon Bark-Stripping at Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique","authors":"Dora Biro,&nbsp;Jana Muschinski,&nbsp;Philippa Hammond,&nbsp;René Bobe,&nbsp;Marion K. Bamford,&nbsp;Cristian Capelli,&nbsp;João d’Oliveira Coelho,&nbsp;Rassina Farassi,&nbsp;Tina Lüdecke,&nbsp;Felipe I. Martinez,&nbsp;Jacinto Mathe,&nbsp;Maria Joana Ferreira Silva,&nbsp;Susana Carvalho","doi":"10.1002/ajpa.70057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.70057","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Baboons possess sophisticated physical and social cognitive abilities; hence, the lack of evidence to date of large-scale behavioral variation in these primates is puzzling. Here we studied a candidate for such variation—the stripping of bark from <i>Acacia robusta</i> trees for consumption of the sap and soft tissue underneath—in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We surveyed an area inhabited by ~60 troops of chacma baboons, recording the availability and characteristics of the target trees, as well as the presence or absence of bark-stripping at 45 habitat plots distributed across a grid covering an area of ~300 km².</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Camera traps confirmed the presence of baboons at all habitat plots, and we identified regional clumping in the distribution of the behavior, a pattern consistent across two consecutive years. Proportion and mean height/width of <i>A. robusta</i> did not predict whether bark-stripping behavior was present at a given site, nor did broader ecological variables such as habitat type and distance to the nearest water source. However, stripping sites had significantly higher numbers of <i>A. robusta</i> than non-stripping sites, and within a given bark-stripping site, baboons preferred to strip taller and wider trees among those available.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prominent geographical clustering we uncovered may have been driven by opportunity (i.e., the prevalence of <i>A. robusta</i> at a given site), but is also consistent with a possible (non-mutually exclusive) cultural interpretation. We propose avenues for future research on Gorongosa's baboons to better quantify the relative contributions of ecology, genetics, and social learning to the prevalence of bark stripping. We also briefly consider the potential relevance of baboon bark stripping to elucidating early hominin foraging strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":29759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"187 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143900986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cover & Editorial Board","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/ajpa.24963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.24963","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"187 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajpa.24963","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143879956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reconstructing Life Histories: New Insights Into Cremation Practices, Mobility, and Food Consumption Patterns Through Isotope and Infrared Analyses of Petrous Parts and Teeth","authors":"Anneminne Frère,&nbsp;Tessi Löffelmann,&nbsp;Barbara Veselka,&nbsp;Elisavet Stamataki,&nbsp;Amanda Sengeløv,&nbsp;Hannah F. James,&nbsp;Guy de Mulder,&nbsp;Britt Claes,&nbsp;Free de Backer,&nbsp;Christophe Snoeck","doi":"10.1002/ajpa.70058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.70058","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Several archaeological cremation sites in Belgium have been investigated through a multidisciplinary approach. The sampling process predominantly focused on calcined ribs, diaphyses, and crania. However, previous studies rarely included teeth or the inner cortex (IC) of the otic capsule of the petrous part, both of which can provide information regarding residence and mobility during infancy and childhood. Moreover, the potential of these elements to contribute to understanding cremation practices has been largely unexplored. Therefore, this study examines the value of sampling these early-forming skeletal tissues for the study of mobility, food consumption patterns, and cremation practices.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Two Late Bronze Age–Early Iron Age cremation sites in Belgium, Herstal (132 skeletal elements) and Court-Saint-Étienne (39 skeletal elements), were selected for this purpose. Mobility was examined via strontium isotope analysis, and cremation practices through stable carbon and oxygen isotope analysis and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy in Attenuated Total Reflectance mode (FTIR-ATR).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings underscore the importance of sampling different skeletal elements to reconstruct life histories and interpret cremation practices. Differences between the strontium isotope ratios of infancy/childhood (IC and teeth) and those of continuously remodeling skeletal tissues (cranium, diaphysis, rib) revealed changes in food consumption, relocations throughout life, and multiple individuals within a single grave. Including petrous parts and teeth significantly affected statistical comparisons of infrared and carbon–oxygen isotope data across skeletal elements and cremation sites.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study highlights the value of integrating petrous parts and teeth to better understand cremation practices, mobility, and food consumption patterns, while also stressing the importance of caution when comparing sites with different sampling approaches.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":29759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"187 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143879957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphology of the Upper Post Canine Complex of Pleistocene Ponginae From Vietnam—Anatomical Variability and Systematics","authors":"David W. Cameron,&nbsp;Russell L. Ciochon,&nbsp;Long Vu,&nbsp;Anh Tuan Nguyen","doi":"10.1002/ajpa.70049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.70049","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To examine the morphological variability of the isolated upper post-canine teeth currently allocated to <i>Pongo</i> and <i>Langsonia</i> from northern Vietnam. To revise the taxonomy and assess the systematics of the Middle and Late Pleistocene Ponginae based on the morphological and metric variation and the identification of derived features within samples.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A series of correspondent analyses were generated against a large database of morphological (phenetic) characters scored for each tooth. Before analysis, the data was converted into a binary format. This frequently resulted in around 130 character states (variables) being analyzed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We demonstrate that in terms of morphological and metric variation, the Middle and Late Pleistocene Ponginae samples frequently fall well outside the range observed in extant <i>Pongo pygmaeus</i>, but also the combined range seen in <i>Pan paniscus</i> and <i>P. troglodytes</i>. Many derived features were identified among the fossil samples. We recognize three species of <i>Langsonia</i> from Thẩm Khuyên Cave, one being the original species named by Schwartz and colleagues, while the other two were previously considered to belong to a species and subspecies of <i>Pongo</i>. We recognize two new species of <i>Pongo</i> from the Late Pleistocene of Làng Tráng and Kéo Lèng caves.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conclude that the diversity of Ponginae inhabiting this part of mainland Southeast Asia during the Middle to Late Pleistocene is part of a monophyletic <i>Pongo</i> clade to the exclusion of <i>Langsonia</i>, which we consider a primitive member of the Ponginae.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":29759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"186 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analyzing Instantaneous Energy in Bipedal Walking of Baboons: A Model for Exploring the Evolutionary Transition Toward Efficient Bipedalism in Hominins","authors":"François Druelle,&nbsp;Jonathan Özçelebi,&nbsp;François Marchal,&nbsp;Gilles Berillon","doi":"10.1002/ajpa.70056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.70056","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Non-human primates exhibit bipedal walking with a typical “bent-hip, bent-knee” posture, incurring additional energy costs as shown by studies using electromyography and mechanical analysis. During the evolution of habitual bipedalism in hominins, this mode underwent a gradual refinement, culminating in the genus <i>Homo</i>. To explore energy conservation mechanisms and the influence of kinematics during occasional bipedal walking, we investigated energy dynamics within different body segments in an ontogenetic sample of baboons.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Kinematic and morphometric data from 17 baboons, including mature and immature individuals, were initially collected at the CNRS Primatology station (France). We calculated the potential and kinetic (rotational and translational) energies of various body segments over 40 strides, followed by a comparison with human data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Age-related kinematic differences influence energy recovery percentages in baboons, particularly in the shank and trunk segments. While significant differences can be observed between baboons and humans, such as in the trunk, arm, and foot segments, similarities exist in the thigh and shank segments, with the thigh being the primary segment for substantial energy transfer. Unlike humans, baboons lack an optimal speed range for energy recovery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We present a model for energy recovery in flexed bipedal walking. While baboon bipedalism is inefficient in energy recovery, minor trunk motion adjustments could greatly enhance efficiency. These subtle refinements have the potential to increase energy recovery rates, making bipedalism more practical for regular use. From an evolutionary perspective, such improvements would be particularly noteworthy considering other challenging activities like climbing and arboreal quadrupedalism.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":29759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"186 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143865836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Standardizing Advanced Training in Forensic Anthropology: Defining a Clear Path to Achieve Forensic Specialization in Biological Anthropology","authors":"Christine M. Pink,&nbsp;Jered B. Cornelison,&nbsp;Jessica K. Juarez","doi":"10.1002/ajpa.70055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.70055","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The skillset of a biological anthropologist is applicable to medico legal death investigation. Among the specialists that examine the human body in a forensic context, biological anthropologists are uniquely skilled to derive information from the scarcest of physical materials. Given the high level of skill and experience required, the forensic specialization within biological anthropology necessitates an extended course of education and training especially pertaining to the interpretation of skeletal trauma, scientific identification, and recovery methods. In addition to providing guidance for trainees and educators, published standards legitimize the specialization and facilitate the evaluation of forensic anthropology expertise by peer professionals (e.g., forensic pathologists, law enforcement, and judges). A young discipline, forensic anthropology was only acknowledged as a specialization by the American Academy of Forensic Sciences in 1972. Over the past 50 years, forensic anthropologists have worked to professionalize the discipline, including standardization of education and training requirements. Achieving consensus on these standards has, and will continue to be, a dynamic process as improved technology and research improve practice. This manuscript presents the current state of the discipline and the varied ways forensic anthropology practitioners have been educated and trained. We argue that there is a consensus on minimum education and training requirements for a forensic anthropologist, especially with respect to analytical skills. However, the discourse around professionalism and personal growth is less robust. In a position that requires intensive inter-disciplinary communication and collaboration, a lack of attention to training in professionalism writ large is a serious gap; therefore, we propose immersive postdoctoral fellowships and other similar training in the Medical Examiner/Coroner setting to gain expertise in this specialization. Supervision of a senior forensic anthropologist is necessary not only to hone analytical skills and gain experience through exposure to a variety of cases but also to teach professionalism. Over time, we expect that this model will promote the value of forensic anthropological expertise and, by extension, their integration in the offices of the Medical Examiner in the future. Thus, the Forensic Anthropology Postdoctoral Fellowship is introduced here as a model for advanced training in forensic anthropology.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":29759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"186 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143856973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Spatio-Temporal Survey of How Social Dynamics Shape the Genetics of Human Populations. Review of: Inequality: A Genetic History. By Carles Lalueza-Fox, Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press, 2022. pp. 261. $22.95 (hardcover). ISBN: 978-0-26-236917-6","authors":"Cristian Capelli","doi":"10.1002/ajpa.70054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.70054","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"186 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143857150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the Origin of Superficial Bone Changes in Qafzeh 9 Skull (Middle Paleolithic, Southwestern Asia): Contribution of Three-Dimensional Imaging","authors":"Dany Coutinho-Nogueira,&nbsp;Hélène Coqueugniot,&nbsp;Anne-marie Tillier","doi":"10.1002/ajpa.70051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.70051","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Deciphering the origins of bone alterations is crucial in paleoanthropology for understanding biological variation and distinguishing between taphonomy, normal anatomy, growth-related changes, and pathological conditions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Qafzeh 9, an early anatomically modern human from Lower Galilee, exhibits three alterations on its frontal bone: a circular lacuna, two parallel grooves, and a flattening near the superior temporal line. Micro-CT images and 3D reconstructions complement macroscopic observations to determine the etiologies of these features.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our analysis reveals that one of them, the flattening near the superior temporal line, is associated with changes in the diploë.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data from four recent modern human samples show that this feature is present in all non-adult individuals and suggests that the flattening and thinning of the diploë may be related to growth patterns and dental changes. Our results bring new insights for the development of methodologies for age estimation based on frontal bone. This study also enhances our understanding of intra-site variability at Qafzeh and provides a better understanding of the biological diversity and growth patterns among early anatomically modern humans.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":29759,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biological Anthropology","volume":"186 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143852923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}