International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention最新文献

{"title":"Unraveling trends and disparities in acute myocardial infarction-related mortality among adult cancer patients: A nationwide CDC-WONDER analysis (1999–2020)","authors":"Humza Saeed ,&nbsp;Uzair Majeed ,&nbsp;Minahil Iqbal ,&nbsp;Sufyan Shahid ,&nbsp;Anum Touseef Hussain ,&nbsp;Hammad Ahmad Iftikhar ,&nbsp;Momina Riaz Siddiqui ,&nbsp;Iftikhar Ali Ch ,&nbsp;Salman Khalid ,&nbsp;Naeem Khan Tahirkheli","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200371","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200371","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cancer patients are at an increased risk for the incidence and complications of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) due to shared risk factors and treatment-related adverse effects. Mortality trends for AMI-related deaths in adult cancer patients in the U.S. remain unexplored.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>This study used CDC WONDER data for death certificates from 1999 to 2020, identifying U.S. adults (≥25 years) with cancer (ICD-10: C00-D49) who died of AMI (ICD-10: I21) as the underlying cause. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) and annual percent changes (APCs) were calculated and stratified by gender, age, race, and geographic location.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Between 1999 and 2020, there were 109,462 AMI-related deaths in adult cancer patients. The AAMR decreased from 4.3 per 100,000 in 1999 to 1.4 in 2020. A significant decline occurred from 1999 to 2015 (APC: 6.65; 95 % CI: 6.95 to −6.40; p &lt; 0.001), followed by a stable trend from 2015 to 2020 (APC: 1.36; 95 % CI: 2.69 to 0.91; p = 0.152). Men had higher AAMRs than women (3.5 vs. 1.5). AAMRs were highest in older adults (10.5) compared to middle-aged (0.7) and young adults (0.1). Racial disparities showed the highest AAMRs in non-Hispanic (NH) Black patients (2.7), followed by NH Whites (2.4), NH American Indian/Alaska Native (1.6), Hispanic/Latino (1.3), and NH Asian/Pacific Islander (1.1). Non-metropolitan areas had higher AAMRs than metropolitan areas (2.8 vs. 2.2).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This analysis highlights a significant decline in AMI-related mortality among cancer patients in the U.S., with persistent disparities by gender, age, race and geographical location.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 200371"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143148340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression level of miR-146a is associated with the coronary lesion severity and clinical prognosis in patients with unstable angina pectoris","authors":"Binbing Shi ,&nbsp;Xiaotong Wang ,&nbsp;Tongneng Xue ,&nbsp;Jie Liu ,&nbsp;Wanling Wu ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Luo ,&nbsp;Hong Zhu ,&nbsp;Defeng Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200367","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200367","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the association between plasma miR-146a expression levels, severity of coronary lesions, and clinical prognosis in patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 100 patients with UAP and 100 controls were selected for assessment of plasma miRNA-146a expression levels. We assessed the severity of coronary lesions in patients with UAP using the Gensini score. Additionally, we analyzed the correlation between miR-146a expression and the degree of coronary artery stenosis in patients with UAP. The incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) was followed-up for 48 months after hospitalization and discharge. The median grouping method was employed to categorize patients into high- and low-expression groups based on their miR-146a levels. Thereafter, the incidence of MACEs in these groups was analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The plasma expression level of miR-146a in the UAP group was 1.8-fold greater than that in the control group (Z = 6.970, P &lt; 0.001) and correlated with the severity of coronary lesions; a high expression level was associated with a higher Gensini score (P &lt; 0.05). Patients with high miR-146a expression levels showed a significantly higher incidence of MACEs than those with low miR-146a expression levels (log-rank test: P = 0.004).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Plasma miR-146a expression levels in patients with UAP correlated with the severity of coronary lesions, and patients with high miR-146a expression levels had poorer clinical prognoses than those with lower expression levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 200367"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11770491/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143053685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolites and coronary heart disease: A two sample Mendelian randomization","authors":"Yang Sheng ,&nbsp;Feng Gao ,&nbsp;Zhenyu Zhu ,&nbsp;Tianjie Zhang ,&nbsp;Wei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200365","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200365","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>In observational studies, circulating metabolites were related to Coronary heart disease (CHD), but their causal relationship is unknown. In this study, we sought to determine a bidirectional causal relationship between circulating metabolites and CHD and to explore whether circulating metabolites are associated with a decreased risk of CHD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In our two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study, the top SNPs associated with circulating metabolites (n = 24, 925) as well as CHD (n = 86, 995) were acquired from publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The SNPs estimates were pooled using inverse variance weighted meta-analysis, with median weighted by sensitivity analyses, MR Egger and MR Pleiotropy Residual Sum and Outlier (PRESSO).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Free cholesterol in large LDL(p, 6.9E-07; OR, 2.2; 95%CI,1.6–3.0),total cholesterol in medium LDL(p, 1.0E-06; OR, 1.8; 95%CI,1.4–2.3)Total cholesterol in LDL (p,1.43083E-05; OR,1.7; 95%CI, 1.3–2.2). Phospholipids in medium LDL (p,0.0; OR,1.6; 95%CI, 1.2–2.1); Total cholesterol in small VLDL (p,0.0; OR, 1.8; 95%CI, 1.2–2.7); Triglycerides in small VLDL (p,0.0, OR, 1.3; 95%CI, 1.0–1.6); Free cholesterol in small VLDL (p,0.0; OR,1.3; 95%CI, 1.0–1.7); Phospholipids in small VLDL (p,0.0; OR,1.3, 95%CI,1.0–1.7); Triglycerides in small HDL (p,0.0, OR,1.3,95%CI,1.0–1.7); Alanine (0.0, OR,1.2,95%CI,1.0–1.6) were positively associated with CHD. Phospholipids in medium HDL (p,0.0, OR,0.8; 95%CI, 0.6–0.9) might have a protective effect on CHD, which were negatively associated with CHD.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our MR analysis demonstrated a protective effect of Phospholipids in medium HDL, and a potentially anti-protective effect of Free cholesterol in large LDL, Total cholesterol in medium LDL, Total cholesterol in LDL, Phospholipids in medium LDL, Total cholesterol in small VLDL, Triglycerides in small VLDL, Free cholesterol in small VLDL, Phospholipids in small VLDL, Triglycerides in small HDL, Alanine on the pathogenesis of CHD. Additional studies are required to translate the findings into practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 200365"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143943245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High glucose affects the cardiac function of diabetic Akita mice by inhibiting cardiac ATP synthase beta subunit","authors":"Yuanfang Ma ,&nbsp;Guang Wang ,&nbsp;Jing Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200369","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200369","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Object</h3><div>To explore the mechanism of diabetic cardiomyopathy that hyperglycemia may affect the cardiac function by inhibiting the expression of ATPase β subunit.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Cardiac function, fibrosis levels, and the expression of the ATPase β subunit were observed in Akita mice-a diabetes mice model without lipid metabolism disorders-—using morphological, molecular biology, and echocardiographic analyses compared to wild-type mice. The study revealed a connection between the decreased ATPase β subunit and the development of diabetic myocardial injury. Furthermore, study on primary culture of cardiomyocytes hints that the effect of high glucose on myocardium and ATP are related to the decrease of the expression of ATP synthase β subunit.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>With the increase of hyperglycemia time, the heart function of akita mice decreased, AV peak and estimated weight of left ventricle were statistically less than that of wild-type mice, the left ventricular ejection fraction was not statistically different from that of the control group; the E/A ratio of akita mice decreased significantly with age, but did shows significant cardiac dysfunction at the end of the experiment; collagen deposition increased in the heart of akita mice. In the cell level, the protein level of ATPase β subunit in primary cultured cardiomyocytes decreased significantly after high glucose treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Hyperglycemia may affect the cardiac function by affecting the expression of ATPase β subunit in cardiomyocytes, which may be one of the mechanisms of diabetic cardiomyopathy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 200369"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11770494/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143053688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of percutaneous coronary intervention vs coronary artery bypass graft for left main coronary artery disease in patients with prior cerebrovascular disease: A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression","authors":"Muhammad Hamza Shuja ,&nbsp;Firzah Shakil ,&nbsp;Syed Hassaan Ali ,&nbsp;Qazi Shurjeel Uddin ,&nbsp;Ayesha Noman ,&nbsp;Javed Iqbal ,&nbsp;Muhammad Ahmed ,&nbsp;Faiza Sajid ,&nbsp;Haya Waseem Ansari ,&nbsp;Syed Ahmed Farhan ,&nbsp;Huzaifa Ul Haq Ansari ,&nbsp;Syed Husain Farhan ,&nbsp;Muhammad Moiz Nasir ,&nbsp;Sana Qazi ,&nbsp;Muhammad Majid","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200370","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200370","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Previous studies suggest similar cardiovascular (CV) benefits for either percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) in patients with left main coronary artery disease (LMCAD). However, limited data exist on the influence of prior cerebrovascular disease (CEVD). Thus, we aim to compare the CV outcomes in patients with LMCAD and prior CEVD, undergoing either PCI or CABG.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A comprehensive search from (January 2000 to August 2024) identified three relevant studies. Outcomes analyzed included all-cause mortality, major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), myocardial infarction (MI), and risk of stroke in patients undergoing either PCI or CABG for LMCAD. Data analysis employed a random effects model and presented hazard ratios (HR) along with their 95 % confidence intervals (CI).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Three studies involving 760 patients (361 PCI, 399 CABG) were included. PCI was associated with a significantly higher risk of MACCE (HR = 2.56; 95 % CI = 1.23–5.37; p = 0.01; I² = 86 %) and MI (HR = 2.97; 95 % CI = 1.72–5.13; p &lt; 0.0001; I² = 0 %) compared to CABG. No significant differences were observed in all-cause mortality (HR = 1.35; 95 % CI = 0.92–1.98; p = 0.12; I² = 0 %) or recurrent stroke (HR = 0.83; 95 % CI = 0.40–1.70; p = 0.60; I² = 1 %). The risk of repeat revascularization was higher in PCI, though not statistically significant (HR = 3.44; 95 % CI = 0.50–23.60; p = 0.21; I² = 70 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>PCI significantly elevates the risk of MACCE and MI in patients with LMCAD and prior CEVD compared to CABG. However, risks of all-cause mortality, repeat stroke, and revascularization were non-significant. Comorbidities may drive the elevated risk, underscoring the need for tailored strategies in this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 200370"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11772956/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143060887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A digital tool for self-reporting cardiovascular risk factors: The RADICAL study","authors":"José Ferreira Santos ,&nbsp;Inês Castela ,&nbsp;Sara Gamboa Madeira ,&nbsp;Sofia Furtado ,&nbsp;Hugo Vieira Pereira ,&nbsp;Diana Teixeira ,&nbsp;Hélder Dores","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200368","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200368","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of death worldwide. Risk stratification and early interventions are essential to overcome this reality. The <strong>RADICAL Study</strong> <em>(</em><strong><em>R</em></strong><em>isk</em> <strong><em>A</em></strong><em>ssessment via</em> <strong><em>D</em></strong><em>igital</em> <strong><em>I</em></strong><em>nput for</em> <strong><em>C</em></strong><em>ardiovascular</em> <strong><em>A</em></strong><em>nd</em> <strong><em>L</em></strong><em>ifestyle Factors)</em> aimed to evaluate the prevalence of self-reported cardiovascular risk factors in individuals without known cardiovascular disease using a digital tool.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>A digital self-reported cardiovascular risk stratification tool, comprising 23 questions about classical and lifestyle cardiovascular risk factors, was completed by 4149 individuals aged 40–69 years (median age 53.0 [47.0; 60.0] years; 78 % women). Among the cardiovascular risk factors, 40.9 % reported hypercholesterolemia, 26.8 % hypertension, 17.3 % smoking, 5.8 % diabetes, 58.4 % physical inactivity, 19.4 % obesity, 33.7 % sleep less than 7 h/night, and 12.1 % had composite dietary risk factors. Most of the participants (89.9 %) referred having at least one of the eight cardiovascular risk factors. Women had 27 % higher odds of having at least one cardiovascular risk factor compared to men (OR = 1.27, 95 % CI [1.00, 1.60]). Participants aged 50–59 years also had higher odds of having at least one CV risk factor compared to those aged 40–49 years (OR = 1.35, 95 % CI [1.07, 1.70]).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The RADICAL Study reveals a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in adults without known cardiovascular disease. Beyond the relevance of traditional risk factors, such as hypercholesterolemia and hypertension, the results regarding physical activity, dietary and sleeping habits are concerning. A self-reported cardiovascular risk identification digital tool could be feasible and help to improve cardiovascular prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 200368"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11786916/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143081284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differentiation of the severity of rheumatic mitral stenosis using dimensionless index and its association with outcomes","authors":"Ryan Leow ,&nbsp;Tony Yi-Wei Li ,&nbsp;Meei-Wah Chan ,&nbsp;William KF. Kong ,&nbsp;Kian-Keong Poh ,&nbsp;Ivandito Kuntjoro ,&nbsp;Ching-Hui Sia ,&nbsp;Tiong-Cheng Yeo","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200366","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200366","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The severity of mitral stenosis (MS) is commonly assessed using mitral valve area (MVA) measured with transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). The dimensionless index (DI) of mitral valve (MV) was recently studied in degenerative MS. We evaluated DI MV in rheumatic MS and studied its relationship with clinical outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We studied 406 cases of rheumatic MS in a retrospective single centre cohort study, with 174 in a derivation cohort, 121 in a TTE validation cohort, and 111 in a transoesophageal echocardiography (TEE) validation cohort. DI MV was calculated by dividing the left ventricular outflow tract pulsed-wave Doppler time-velocity integral (TVI) by the MV continuous-wave Doppler TVI. DI MV was compared against MV area using the two-dimensional planimetry, pressure half-time and continuity equation methods, or, in the TEE validation cohort, TEE-derived three-dimensional planimetry. Severe MS was defined as an MV area ≤1.5 cm². Outcomes pertaining to all-cause death and mitral valve intervention were studied in the former two cohorts.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All-in-all, 231 patients (56.9 %) across the three cohorts had severe MS. In the derivation cohort, ROC analysis showed that DI MV could accurately classify MS severity (AUC = 0.838, 95 % CI, 0.780–0.897, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). DI MV ≤ 0.25 and DI MV ≥ 0.40 had high specificity for identifying severe (93.7 %) and non-severe MS (93.7 %) respectively. In the validation cohorts, these respectively showed similar specificity for identifying severe (93.8 %) and non-severe MS (91.4 %). In the derivation and TTE validation cohorts, the median follow up duration was 6.32 years (interquartile range, 4.22–10.3 years) with 90 deaths (30.5 %) and 50 patients (17.0 %) undergoing MV intervention. DI MV was univariately significant (HR = 0.075, 95 % CI 0.0215–0.378, <em>p</em> = 0.002) in Cox regression for a composite outcome of death and MV intervention. DI MV remained independently associated with the composite outcome in multivariate analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>DI MV can help rule-in or rule-out severe MS with high specificity, and is independently associated with composite outcomes of death and MV intervention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 200366"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11774812/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143068133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammatory bowel disease is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events in a sex and age-dependent manner: A historical cohort study","authors":"Noa Cohen-Heyman ,&nbsp;Gabriel Chodick","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200363","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200363","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The relationship between inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and the risk of ischemic heart diseases (IHD) remains a subject of debate. In this study, we sought to investigate the association between IBD and long-term risk of IHD in a substantial cohort of IBD patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this retrospective cohort study we utilized data from a state-mandated provider in Israel (Maccabi Healthcare Services). We identified all eligible patients diagnosed with IBD between 1/1990 and 7/2021 that were individually matched by sex-and-birth date to 10 MHS members with no indication of IBD. Study population was followed through the data until 12/2021 to examine the occurrence of IHD events.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 14,768 IBD patients (6144 UC, 8624 CD) and 120338 matched non-IBD individuals were eligible for the analysis. Over a mean follow-up of 10.5 years, 285 (1.9 %) of participants with IBD and 1175 (1.0 %) of the reference group experienced our composite outcome, representing an HR of 1.98 (95%CI: 1.74–2.25). When stratified by sex, risk of IHD associated with IBD in males (HR = 1.82; 95 % CI: 1.52–2.17), whereas a negative association was noted among female patients (HR = 0.72; 95%CI: 0.55–0.95). Study results were generally unchanged when analyses were limited to patients with CD, UC, patients on steroids, and patients on immunosuppressants.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our study reveals a notable excess risk of IHD in male patients with IBD. Further research is needed to better elucidate the mechanisms involved in this relationship.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 200363"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11760278/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143047763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Goal attainment, medication adherence and guideline adherence in the treatment of hypertension and dyslipidemia in Irish populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Rehab Elhiny ,&nbsp;Linda M. O'Keeffe ,&nbsp;Elizabeth O. Bodunde ,&nbsp;Stephen Byrne ,&nbsp;Maria Donovan ,&nbsp;Margaret Bermingham","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200364","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200364","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The appropriate treatment high blood pressure (BP) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.</div><div>(LDL-C), according to clinical guidelines, reduces a patient's risk of a cardiovascular event.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>This systematic review aims to evaluate the attainment of BP and LDL-C goals among the Irish population in both primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases, the level of adherence to prescribing guidelines by doctors and the level of medication adherence among patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Five databases were searched in March 2024. Quantitative articles reporting levels of goals attainment, medication adherence or guideline adherence for LDL-C and BP among Irish adults aged ≥18 years were included. The proportion of patients attaining their LDL-Cor BP goals were statistically combined using the random effect model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Following screening, 23 eligible articles were identified. The achievement of LDL-C &lt;1.8 mmol/L was 41 % (95 % CI 31,52), compared to 69 % of people (95 % CI 62,76) reported to have achieved the less stringent goal of LDL-C &lt; 3 mmol/L. The achievement of BP &lt; 140/90 mmHg was 56 % (95 % CI 46,65). Medication adherence levels ranged between 27 % and 92 %. Guideline adherence findings demonstrated that not all patients who should be on lipid-lowering therapy are and that choice of antihypertensive is not always in line with the guidelines.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Approximately one-third of deaths in Ireland annually are caused by cardiovascular disease, despite being preventable. There is room for improvement in goal attainments in people at risk of CVDs and optimization of medication adherence and guideline adherence may be beneficial in this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 200364"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11773485/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143060888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is systolic blood pressure an early marker of concentric left ventricular geometry in young rugby athletes as a potential cardiac maladaptation?","authors":"Yoshitaka Iso ,&nbsp;Hitomi Kitai ,&nbsp;Megumi Kubota ,&nbsp;Miki Tsujiuchi ,&nbsp;Sakura Nagumo ,&nbsp;Tsutomu Toshida ,&nbsp;Mio Ebato ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Suzuki","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2024.200362","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2024.200362","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Long-term exercise training induces various morphological adaptations in the heart. Although concentric left ventricular (LV) geometry is occasionally observed in young athletes, its clinical significance is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of young rugby athletes with concentric LV geometry and considered its clinical implications.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><div>This cross-sectional study assessed 120 male collegiate rugby freshmen, with a healthy lifestyle and without a family history, via physical and blood pressure evaluations, resting 12-lead electrocardiography (ECG), echocardiography, and cardiopulmonary exercise testing. The athletes were divided into three groups based on the 4-tiered echocardiographic classification for LV hypertrophy: normal geometry, concentric geometry, and eccentric hypertrophy. Concentric geometry was identified in 11 % of the athletes. No significant differences in anthropometry or exercise capacity were observed between athletes with normal and abnormal geometries. However, athletes with concentric geometry had significantly higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) compared to the other groups. SBP levels were significantly correlated with both LV mass index and concentricity; an SBP ≥136 mmHg could independently predict concentric geometry. In contrast, the ECG criteria for LV hypertrophy showed limited diagnostic accuracy for detecting concentric geometry.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings suggest that elevated SBP can serve as an early marker for identifying and managing concentric geometry in young athletes, which potentially represents a mild, previously unrecognized form of hypertensive remodeling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 200362"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11741054/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143012976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}