International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention最新文献

{"title":"Association of classic cardiovascular risk factors with myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke: A cross sectional analysis of the Shiraz Heart Study","authors":"Haleh Ghaem ,&nbsp;Mohammad Javad Zibaeenezhad ,&nbsp;Mehrab Sayadi ,&nbsp;Sheida Khosravaniardakani ,&nbsp;Nader Parsa ,&nbsp;Iman Razeghian-Jahromi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2024.200332","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2024.200332","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Myocardial infarction (MI) and ischemic stroke are the leading deadly clinical outcomes globally. This study aimed to investigate the association of classic cardiovascular risk factors with MI and ischemic stroke in a general population.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This cross-sectional study used the baseline data of the Shiraz Heart Study, a prospective cohort that investigate risk factors of coronary heart disease in a general population of Iran. Middle-aged citizens of 40–70 years old were included. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the association between sociodemographic, clinical, and metabolic factors and prevalent MI and stroke.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Out of 7225 adults, 1.9 % (n = 135) had prior MI or stroke. Multiple logistic regression revealed that age≥60 years (aOR: 2.22, 95 % CI 1.45–3.20; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), male sex (aOR: 3.82, 95 % CI 2.56–5.71; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), history of hypertension (aOR: 1.71, 95 % CI 1.18–2.50; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.005), history of hyperlipidemia (aOR: 2.42, 95 % CI 1.68–3.48; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), having four 1st degree family members with sudden cardiac death (aOR: 26.28, 95 % CI 0.59–432.09; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.022), and having a 1st degree family member with history of cardiovascular disease (aOR: 1.69, 95 % CI 1.13–2.54; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) were associated with prior MI and stroke. Unlike high-density lipoprotein (<em>P</em> = 0.723) and triglyceride (<em>P</em> = 0.643), there were significant differences in the levels of fasting blood sugar (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), total cholesterol (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), and low-density lipoprotein (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) between those with and without history of MI/stroke.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Being aged ≥60 years, history of hypertension and hyperlipidemia along with familial history of CVD and sudden cardiac death were in association with MI and stroke.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 200332"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772487524000977/pdfft?md5=e3712ad5fc4d79dee43ea651bcfea682&pid=1-s2.0-S2772487524000977-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142243206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge and self-care practice among patients with hypertension in tertiary public hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A multicenter cross-sectional study","authors":"Freweini Gebremeskel Gebresilase ,&nbsp;Yohannes Ayalew Bekele ,&nbsp;Ketema Bizuwork Gebremedhin ,&nbsp;Boka Dugassa Tolera","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2024.200333","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2024.200333","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Globally, hypertension is the leading cause of death due to its related complications. Patients’ knowledge and self-care practice in hypertension is crucial for achieving optimal blood pressure control and prevention of related complications. This study aimed to evaluate the level of knowledge and self-care practice among hypertensive patients in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 413 hypertensive patients using simple random sampling methods. A face-to-face interview was administered using a structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 27.0. Frequency percentage, and mean were calculated. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify the association between predictors and outcome variables.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Out of 413 respondents, 46.0 % (95 % CI: 40–50 %) and 40.9 % (95 % CI: 36–46 %) had poor knowledge and self-care practice respectively. Being married (AOR = 1.92, 95 % CI:1.19–3.06, <em>P</em> = 0.007)<strong>,</strong> higher education [AOR = 7.38 (95 % CI: 2.29–23.78), <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001); family history (AOR = 3.68, 95 % CI: 2.28–5.94, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001); getting information from healthcare providers (AOR = 3.17, 95 % CI: 1.46–6.87, <em>P</em> = 0.003) were significantly associated with knowledge of hypertension. Being female (AOR: 0.62,95 % CI: 0.39–0.97, <em>P</em> = 0.033), owing sphygmomanometer (AOR: 4.41,95 % CI: 2.40–8.13, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) were associated with self-care practice towards hypertension.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The overall knowledge and self-care practice of respondents was low. Gender, marital status, educational level, family history, source of information, and owing sphygmomanometer were determinant factors. Improving patients’ awareness and self-care practice is essential for prevention and control of hypertension.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 200333"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772487524000989/pdfft?md5=45f49b5a559913a46316cd5df76792bf&pid=1-s2.0-S2772487524000989-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142172099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesity and cardiovascular disease: Risk assessment, physical activity, and management of complications","authors":"Francesco Perone ,&nbsp;Luigi Spadafora ,&nbsp;Alessandra Pratesi ,&nbsp;Giulia Nicolaio ,&nbsp;Barbara Pala ,&nbsp;Giulia Franco ,&nbsp;Matteo Ruzzolini ,&nbsp;Marco Ambrosetti","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2024.200331","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2024.200331","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The patient with obesity is at risk of developing cardiovascular disease and risk factors. Obesity negatively impacts prognosis and increases cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Therefore, a comprehensive risk assessment is needed to define the cardiovascular risk of the patient and, thus, a tailored management and treatment. Chronic and successful management of these patients involves the evaluation of the various therapeutic strategies available (comprehensive lifestyle intervention, weight-loss medications, and bariatric surgery) and the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular complications (coronary artery disease, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation). Cardiac rehabilitation in patients with obesity is showing beneficial effect and a positive impact on weight loss, cardiovascular risk factors, mental health, functional capacity, and adherence to lifestyle interventions and pharmacological treatment. Long-term weight loss and maintenance represent a key objective during the management of the patient with obesity to reduce the risk of future adverse events. Multidisciplinary management and interventions are necessary to prevent and reduce overall cardiovascular risk and mortality. The aim of our review is to propose a comprehensive, critical and updated overview regarding risk assessment, physical activity, and the management of cardiovascular complications in patient with obesity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 200331"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772487524000965/pdfft?md5=be3ecb5e960d2c23df0809815eba6c34&pid=1-s2.0-S2772487524000965-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142311431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between grip strength, walking pace and incident peripheral artery disease: A prospective study of 430,886 UK biobank participants","authors":"Duqiu Liu ,&nbsp;Chenxing Yang ,&nbsp;Gang Liu ,&nbsp;Tianyu Guo ,&nbsp;Sen Liu ,&nbsp;Yi Guo ,&nbsp;Jinjie Xiong ,&nbsp;Ru Chen ,&nbsp;Shan Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2024.200330","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2024.200330","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><p>Patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) presented overall muscle weakness and reduced physical performance. Previous study focused on the impact of muscle weakness on outcomes of established PAD, however the relationship between compromised muscle function and incident PAD remained unclear.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A prospective study involving 430,886 participants aged 40–69 y from UK biobank was conducted. The main outcome was incident PAD. Grip strength and walking pace were used as indicators for muscle function. Grip strength was measured using a Jamar J00105 hydraulic hand dynamometer, while walking pace was self-reported by the participants. Cox proportional hazard models were employed to investigate the relationship between grip strength, walking pace, and incident PAD.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 430,886 individuals were included in the final analysis. The mean age of the participants were 56.44 years, and 55.3 % were female. Over a median follow-up period of 13.81 years, 5,661 participants developed PAD. Higher grip strength, whether absolute or relative, exhibited a dose-dependent inverse association with incident PAD. Each 1 kg increment in absolute grip strength and each 0.01 kg/kg increase in relative grip strength were associated with reduced PAD risk by 2 % (HR: 0.98; 95 % CI [0.97–0.98]) and 83 % (HR: 0.17; 95 % CI [0.13–0.23]), respectively. Slow walking pace significantly correlated with increased PAD risk, while brisk walking pace was associated with decreased PAD risk.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Absolute grip strength, relative grip strength and walking pace were inversely associated with the risk of incident PAD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 200330"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772487524000953/pdfft?md5=c24edaa56d5e1daa600dea4a2a4f2b9c&pid=1-s2.0-S2772487524000953-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142167848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Registry study of cardiovascular death in Sweden 2013–2019: Home as place of death and specialized palliative care are the preserve of a minority","authors":"Stina Nyblom ,&nbsp;Joakim Öhlén ,&nbsp;Cecilia Larsdotter ,&nbsp;Anneli Ozanne ,&nbsp;Carl Johan Fürst ,&nbsp;Ragnhild Hedman","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2024.200328","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2024.200328","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Palliative care needs in patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are expected to increase. For the planning of equitable palliative care, it is important to understand where people with CVD die. The aim was to examine trends in place of death, associated factors including utilization of specialized palliative services, and to what extent longitudinal development is influenced by national policy.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A population-level registry study of place of death for adults deceased due to CVD (n = 209 671) in Sweden 2013–2019. Linear regression analysis was applied.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The predominant place of death was nursing home (39.1 %) and hospital (37.6 %), followed by home (22.0 %). From 2013 to 2019 home deaths increased by 2.8 % and hospital deaths decreased by 3.0 %. An overall downward trend was found for dying in hospital compared to dying at home. With variations, this trend was seen in all healthcare regions and for all CVD types, except Stockholm and cerebrovascular disease, with no significant trend. Overall, but with cross-regional variations, 2.1 % utilized specialized palliative services, while 94.2 % had potential palliative care needs. Other variables significantly influencing the trend were age and having had an unplanned healthcare visit.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Despite a slight positive trend, only a minority of people with CVD die in their own home. Regional variations in place of death and the low and varied utilization of specialized palliative services indicate inequity in access to palliative care. Hence, the impact of current national policies is questionable and calls for strengthening through inclusion of early palliative care in specific CVD policies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 200328"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S277248752400093X/pdfft?md5=8d1035ae7c457452c162d19d3210bc6a&pid=1-s2.0-S277248752400093X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142130173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recovery of left ventricular function after surgery for aortic and mitral regurgitation with heart failure","authors":"Wei-Tsung Lai ,&nbsp;I-Chen Chen ,&nbsp;Ming-Chon Hsiung ,&nbsp;Ting-Chao Lin ,&nbsp;Kuan-Chih Huang ,&nbsp;Chung-Yi Chang ,&nbsp;Jeng Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2024.200329","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2024.200329","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Severe aortic regurgitation (AR) and mitral regurgitation (MR) can lead to left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction; however, there are limited data about recovery of LV after surgery for AR or MR. Little is known to guide the management of combined AR and MR (mixed valvular heart disease [VHD]). This study is sought to investigate the predictors of postoperative LV function recovery in left-sided regurgitant VHD with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), especially for mixed VHD.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>From 2010 to 2020, 2053 adult patients underwent aortic or mitral valve surgery at our center. The patients with valvular stenosis, infective endocarditis, concomitant revascularization, and preoperative LVEF ≥40 % were excluded. A total of 127 patients were included in this study: 22 patients with predominant AR (AR group), 64 with predominant MR (MR group), and 41 with combined AR and MR (AMR group).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The mean preoperative LVEF was 32.4 %, 30.7 %, and 30.2 % (p = 0.44) in the AR, MR, and AMR groups, respectively. The AR group was more likely to have postoperative LVEF recovery. The cut-point of left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD) for better recovery was 49 mm for the MR group and 58 mm for the AMR group.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>LV dysfunction due to combined AR and MR has similar remodeling reserve as AR, and better recoverability than MR. Thus, double-valve surgery is recommended before the LVESD is &gt; 58 mm.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 200329"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772487524000941/pdfft?md5=8423d537bbd958f875a3fa60fe985bbe&pid=1-s2.0-S2772487524000941-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142151815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demographic trends and disparities in mortality related to coexisting heart failure and diabetes mellitus among older adults in the United States between 1999 and 2020: A retrospective population-based cohort study from the CDC WONDER database","authors":"Humza Saeed ,&nbsp;M.B.B.S. Abdullah ,&nbsp;Irum Naeem ,&nbsp;Amna Zafar ,&nbsp;Bilal Ahmad ,&nbsp;Taimur ul Islam ,&nbsp;Syed Saaid Rizvi ,&nbsp;Nikita Kumari ,&nbsp;Syed Ghazi Ali Kirmani ,&nbsp;Fatima Mansoor ,&nbsp;Amir Hassan ,&nbsp;Adarsh Raja ,&nbsp;Mohamed Daoud ,&nbsp;Aman Goyal","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2024.200326","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2024.200326","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Heart Failure (HF) and Diabetes Mellitus (DM) often coexist, and each condition independently increases the likelihood of developing the other. While there has been concern regarding the increasing burden of disease for both conditions individually over the last decade, a comprehensive examination of mortality trends and demographic and regional disparities needs to be thoroughly explored in the United States (US).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study analyzed death certificates from the CDC WONDER database, focusing on mortality caused by the co-occurrence of HF and DM in adults aged 75 and older from 1999 to 2020. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) and annual percent changes (APCs) were computed and categorized by year, gender, race, census region, state, and metropolitan status.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 663,016 deaths were reported in patients with coexisting HF and DM. Overall, AAMR increased from 154.1 to 186.1 per 100,000 population between 1999 and 2020, with a notable significant increase from 2018 to 2020 (APC: 11.30). Older men had consistently higher AAMRs than older women (185 vs. 135.4). Furthermore, we found that AAMRs were highest among non-Hispanic (NH) American Indian or Alaskan natives and lowest in NH Asian or Pacific Islanders (214.4 vs. 104.1). Similarly, AAMRs were highest in the Midwestern region and among those dwelling in non-metropolitan areas.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Mortality from HF and DM has risen significantly in recent years, especially among older men, NH American Indian or Alaska Natives, and those in non-metropolitan areas. Urgent policies need to be developed to address these disparities and promote equitable healthcare access.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 200326"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772487524000916/pdfft?md5=03b9d9e7d77ad69223a8ed7c5632e802&pid=1-s2.0-S2772487524000916-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142076763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypertension risk perception among young adults in Victoria University Kampala Uganda","authors":"Grace Afam ,&nbsp;Annet Patience Nakalega","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2024.200327","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2024.200327","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Globally, hypertension is becoming a more serious public health concern, with young adults also at risk. Effective intervention techniques require an understanding of young adults' perceptions of the risk factors, enablers, and barriers to adopting healthy lifestyle choices related to hypertension. This research aims to examine hypertension risk perception among young adults at Victoria University Kampala, Uganda.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Data were gathered using a structured questionnaire between November 2023 and January 2024. Convenience sampling was used to gather data from young adults at Victoria University Kampala, Uganda. Leslie Kish's formula was used to establish the sample size of 126 respondents. Multiple regression analysis was performed to examine the association between independent variables (barriers, and facilitators) and the dependent variable (perception of hypertension risk).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The study found that perceptions of certain risk factors, such as smoking (OR = 2.418, p = 0.035), physical inactivity (OR = 1.731, p = 0.008), unhealthy diet (OR = 2.174, p = 0.048), and chronic stress (OR = 1.514, p = 0.028), significantly influenced the likelihood of adopting healthy lifestyle choices. Among the enablers, motivation (OR = 3.491, p = 0.005), availability of time (OR = 3.015, p = 0.011), financial resources (OR = 2.164, p = 0.017), and social support (OR = 2.014, p = 0.026) were strong predictors of healthy behaviour adoption.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Programs aimed at raising awareness of hypertension risk factors and enhancing enablers such as motivation, time management, and social support are recommended to effectively promote healthy behaviours among this population.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 200327"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772487524000928/pdfft?md5=ac5dc0b3862d21cfaa57805dfcfc6319&pid=1-s2.0-S2772487524000928-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142076764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gene editing of angiotensin for blood pressure management","authors":"Stefano Masi ,&nbsp;Hermann Dalpiaz ,&nbsp;Claudio Borghi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2024.200323","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2024.200323","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Arterial hypertension has remained the world's leading cause of morbidity and mortality for more than 20 years. While early Genome-Wide Association Studies raised the hypothesis that a precision medicine approach could be implemented in the treatment of hypertension, the large number of single nucleotide polymorphisms that were found to be associated with blood pressure and their limited impact on the blood pressure values have initially hampered these expectations. With the development and refinement of gene-editing and RNA-based approaches allowing selective and organ-specific modulation of critical systems involved in blood pressure regulation, a renewed interest in genetic treatments for hypertension has emerged. The CRISPR-Cas9 system, antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) and small interfering RNA (siRNA) have been used to specifically target the hepatic angiotensinogen (AGT) production, with the scope of safely but effectively reducing the activation of the renin-angiotensin system, ultimately leading to an effective reduction of the blood pressure with extremely simplified treatment regimens that involve weekly, monthly or even once-in-life injection of the drugs. Among the various approaches, siRNA and ASO that reduce hepatic AGT production are in advanced development, with phase I and II clinical trials showing their safety and effectiveness. In the current manuscript, we review the mode of action of these new approaches to hypertension treatment, discussing the results of the clinical trials and their potential to revolutionize the management of hypertension.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 200323"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772487524000886/pdfft?md5=f5c459350a17ccb4ac0136c6eff8f038&pid=1-s2.0-S2772487524000886-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142011380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of myocardial work and exercise capacity in patients recovered from the severe form of COVID-19","authors":"Thiago Lins Fagundes de Sousa ,&nbsp;Allan Robson Kluser Sales ,&nbsp;Juliana Góes Martins Fagundes ,&nbsp;Luis Fábio Barbosa Botelho ,&nbsp;Francis Ribeiro de Souza ,&nbsp;Guilherme Wesley Fonseca ,&nbsp;André Luis Pereira de Albuquerque ,&nbsp;Marcelo Dantas Tavares de Melo ,&nbsp;Maria-Janieire de Nazaré Nunes Alves","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2024.200324","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2024.200324","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The impact of COVID-19 goes beyond its acute form and can lead to the persistence of symptoms and the emergence of systemic disorders, defined as long-term COVID.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We performed a cross-sectional study that included patients over 18 years of age who recovered from the severe form of COVID-19 at least 60 days after their discharge. Patients and controls were enrolled to undergo transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) using a more sensitive tool, myocardial work, in combination with cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 52 patients and 31 controls were enrolled. Significant differences were observed in ejection fraction (LVEF; 62 ± 7 vs. 66 ± 6 %; p = 0.007), global longitudinal strain (LVGLS; −18.7 ± 2.6 vs. −20.4 ± 1.4 %; p = 0.001), myocardial wasted work (GWW; 152 ± 81 vs. 101 ± 54 mmHg; p = 0.003), and myocardial work efficiency (GWE; 93 ± 3 vs. 95 ± 2 %; p = 0.002). We found a significant difference in peak VO₂ (24.4 ± 5.4 vs. 33.4 ± 8.8 mL/kg/min; p &lt; 0.001), heart rate (160 ± 14 vs. 176 ± 11 bpm; p &lt; 0.001), ventilation (84.6 ± 22.6 vs. 104.9 ± 27.0 L/min; p &lt; 0.001), OUES% (89 ± 16 vs. 102 ± 22 %; p = 0.002), T ½ (120.3 ± 32 vs. 97.6 ± 27 s; p = 0.002) and HRR at 2 min (−36 ± 11 vs. −43 ± 13 bpm; p = 0.010).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our findings revealed an increased wasted work, with lower myocardial efficiency, significantly reduced aerobic exercise capacity, and abnormal heart rate response during recovery, which may be related to previously described late symptoms. The reduction in functional capacity during physical exercise is partly associated with a decrease in resting myocardial work efficiency. These findings strongly indicate the need to determine whether these manifestations persist in the long term and their impact on cardiovascular health and quality of life in COVID-19 survivors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 200324"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772487524000898/pdfft?md5=b916ffbd5011e23ab681a09d6aba116a&pid=1-s2.0-S2772487524000898-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142020595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}