International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention最新文献

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Association of an estimated glucose disposal rate-frailty index with incident cardiovascular events in two prospective cohorts” [Int. J. Cardiol. Cardiovasc. Risk. Prevent. 30 (2026) 200671]","authors":"Yue Liu, Zhengbiao Luo, Zhixiang Xu, Linlin Hou, Jun Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2026.200688","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2026.200688","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 200688"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13534985/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148881912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gaps and disparities in Lp(a) testing before universal screening: A 10-year analysis","authors":"Hemchandra B. Patel,&nbsp;Yahya Bawahab,&nbsp;Vlad C. Vasile","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2026.200701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2026.200701","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is an independent risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), yet testing remains underutilized. Updated guidance now recommends once-per-lifetime Lp(a) testing in all individuals. We evaluated Lp(a) testing utilization from 2016 to 2025, to identify gaps, disparities and overall trends in testing utilization.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Retrospective cohort study of lipid-tested patients from 2016 to 2025. Lp(a) testing rates were calculated among lipid-tested patients. Multivariable logistic regression identified predictors of testing, and interrupted time-series (ITS) was used to assess trends in testing rates.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 1,009,102 lipid-tested patients, 75,021 (7.4%) underwent Lp(a) testing; 80.9% for primary prevention, 55% male. Males were more likely to be tested (OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.22-1.26). ASCVD was an independent predictor for testing (OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.35-1.41), driven by coronary artery disease alone (OR 1.74); while other ASCVD subtypes were associated with decreased odds of testing. Age was also predictive of Lp(a) test (OR 1.06 per 10 years, 95% CI 1.05-1.06). ITS revealed an immediate 58.8% increase at Q4 2021 (IRR = 1.588, 95% CI: 1.047–2.409), with a sustained 3.1% quarterly increase thereafter (IRR = 1.031, 95% CI: 1.008–1.056).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Lp(a) testing has substantially grown over the past decade, however important gaps and disparities in testing utilization were identified. Males are tested more frequently than females, individuals with non-CAD ASCVD subtypes are less likely to be tested, and testing preferentially reaches older patients. With updated guidance, future efforts must prioritize broader testing adoption, while addressing gaps in utilization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 200701"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148854019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Official proceeding from the 2025 ITACARE-P National Meeting, Rome, October 21-22 2025: The added value of Cardiovascular Rehabilitation in heart failure management: clinical scenarios and expert opinion from a centres network of the Italian Alliance for Cardiovascular Rehabilitation and Prevention (ITACARE-P)","authors":"Matteo Ruzzolini ,&nbsp;Marco Ambrosetti ,&nbsp;Francesco Maranta ,&nbsp;Nuccia Morici ,&nbsp;Massimo Pistono ,&nbsp;Marika Werren ,&nbsp;Francesco Giallauria ,&nbsp;Francesco Fattirolli","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2026.200586","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2026.200586","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 200586"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Renal and cardiovascular effects of SGLT2 inhibitors among hypertensive patients with chronic kidney disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"R. Mohamad Javier ,&nbsp;Iqbal Faizin ,&nbsp;Andiani ,&nbsp;Dian Samudra ,&nbsp;Renny Anggraeni Puspitasari ,&nbsp;Ahmad Surya Dharma ,&nbsp;Brianka Yudha Nurpradika ,&nbsp;Fauqi Amalia ,&nbsp;Siska Suridanda Danny ,&nbsp;Brm Ario Suryo Kuncoro ,&nbsp;Yusra Pintaningrum ,&nbsp;Muhammad Almy Firasghani ,&nbsp;Puput Fiohana ,&nbsp;Yosua Darmadi Kosen ,&nbsp;Kristian Kurniawan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2026.200585","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2026.200585","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is frequently complicated by hypertension, a dual contributor to disease progression and cardiovascular risk. Despite standard therapy with renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitors, residual risk remains high. Sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have emerged as a novel therapy with proven renal and cardiovascular benefits, but their effects in hypertensive CKD patients remain less well defined.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated SGLT2 inhibitors in CKD patients with baseline systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg or renovascular disease. PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched from inception to August 2024. Eligible RCTs compared an SGLT2 inhibitor versus placebo and reported outcomes in hypertensive subgroups. Primary outcome was a composite of kidney failure, sustained decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR ≥40–50 %), or cardiovascular death. Secondary outcomes included kidney-specific endpoints, cardiovascular composite outcomes, and serious adverse events (SAEs). Pooled odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using random-effects models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Three RCTs were included: CREDENCE (canagliflozin), DAPA-CKD (dapagliflozin), and EMPA-KIDNEY (empagliflozin), encompassing 5436 hypertensive participants. For the primary outcome, SGLT2 inhibitors reduced risk compared with placebo (OR 0.76, 95 % CI 0.65–0.88). Kidney outcomes showed consistent benefit (OR 0.70, 95 % CI 0.58–0.85). Cardiovascular events were modestly reduced (OR 0.79, 95 % CI 0.64–0.97). SAEs were slightly lower with SGLT2 inhibitors (OR 0.85, 95 % CI 0.74–0.96). Overall certainty of evidence was graded as moderate.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Among hypertensive patients with CKD, SGLT2 inhibitors significantly reduce renal disease progression and cardiovascular events while maintaining favorable safety. These findings support their integration into standard therapy for this high-risk population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 200585"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of PCSK9 inhibitors on vascular function, lipid profile, and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with peripheral artery disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Khadeeja Ali Hamzah ,&nbsp;Yousif Hameed Kurmasha ,&nbsp;Mohamed Fouad Abdrabo ,&nbsp;Mohamed F. Srour ,&nbsp;Ali Saad Al-Shammari ,&nbsp;Mohammed Hamed Ibrahium Badi ,&nbsp;Mohammedsadeq A. Shweliya ,&nbsp;Nihar Jena ,&nbsp;Yasar Sattar","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2026.200590","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2026.200590","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Peripheral artery disease (PAD) reflects systemic atherosclerosis driven by dyslipidemia, particularly elevated LDL-C. Despite first-line statin therapy, many patients fail to reach lipid targets or are intolerant, necessitating alternatives. We conducted a meta-analysis to assess proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors in PAD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic search in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus was done up to August 2025. Studies evaluated effects on surrogate vascular markers [ankle-brachial index (ABI), flow-mediated dilation (FMD), carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), lipid profile] and clinical outcomes [major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), revascularization, amputation, myocardial infarction (MI), and mortality].</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Six studies, assessing 6059 patients were included. PCSK9 inhibitors significantly reduced carotid IMT, LDL-C, total cholesterol, and triglycerides compared with placebo. Based on the available studies, no significant effects were observed on ABI, FMD, or HDL. Clinically, PCSK9 inhibitors lowered the risk of MACE (RR = 0.76, 95% CI [0.60-0.97]), major amputation (RR = 0.38, 95% CI [0.15-0.95]), and MI (RR = 0.63, 95% CI [0.5, 0.79]). Revascularization rates and all-cause mortality were not significant.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>PCSK9 inhibitors may provide lipid-lowering and vascular benefits in patients with PAD, reducing cardiovascular and limb events. While their impact on hemodynamic parameters and mortality remains uncertain, these findings support PCSK9 inhibitors may be effective adjunctive therapy in high-risk PAD populations. These findings support PCSK9 inhibitors may be an effective adjunctive therapy for atherosclerotic risk reduction in high-risk PAD populations. Prospective trials dedicated to limb-specific outcomes are now warranted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 200590"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between cognitive function trajectories and all-cause mortality in middle-aged and older Chinese adults with cardiovascular disease: A longitudinal study from CHARLS","authors":"Xiaopeng Song ,&nbsp;Yufei Wang ,&nbsp;Hua Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2026.200583","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2026.200583","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To identify distinct multi-year cognitive function trajectories in middle-aged and older Chinese adults with established cardiovascular disease (CVD) and evaluate their independent associations with all-cause mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This prospective study utilized data from five waves (2011–2020) of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). A total of 1464 participants aged ≥45 years with CVD were included. Global cognitive scores (range 0–21) were assessed at three time points (2011, 2013, and 2015). A Longitudinal K-means clustering algorithm with Dynamic Time Warping was employed to identify cognitive trajectories. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) for all-cause mortality during a mean follow-up of 4.7 years.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Four distinct cognitive trajectories were identified: High-Baseline-Relatively-Stable (39.1 %), Mid-High-Baseline-Significant-Improvement (31.2 %), Mid-Baseline-Rapid-Decline (16.7 %), and Low-Baseline-Relatively-Stable (13.0 %). Using the Mid-High-Baseline-Significant-Improvement group as the reference, both the Mid-Baseline-Rapid-Decline trajectory (adjusted HR = 2.01; 95 % CI: 1.32–3.05) and the Low-Baseline-Relatively-Stable trajectory (adjusted HR = 1.82; 95 % CI: 1.10–3.00) were significantly associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality after adjusting for covariates. The association was notably stronger among participants with hypertension (P for interaction = 0.009).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Among middle-aged and older adults with CVD, trajectories characterized by rapid cognitive decline or persistently low function are powerful, independent predictors of all-cause mortality. In contrast, cognitive improvement is not associated with excess mortality risk. These findings underscore the prognostic importance of dynamic cognitive assessment and suggest that monitoring cognitive trajectories may aid in the risk stratification of CVD patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 200583"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146190840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on“Left ventricular systolic recovery after TAVI in severe aortic stenosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis”","authors":"Bin Cao ,&nbsp;Ming Ouyang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2026.200630","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2026.200630","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 200630"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148158441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond AUC: Questioning the clinical interpretation of “superior” discrimination in cardiovascular health scores","authors":"Bingning Ma ,&nbsp;Chuanfu Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2026.200592","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2026.200592","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 200592"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146190773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of hypertension on associations of all-cause mortality with admission lipoprotein (a) in acute decompensated heart failure","authors":"Ashen L. Vidanage ,&nbsp;Tianyu Xu ,&nbsp;Zihao Chen ,&nbsp;Zhongping Yu ,&nbsp;Chang Chen ,&nbsp;Shilan Chen ,&nbsp;Wengen Zhu ,&nbsp;Jiangui He ,&nbsp;Yugang Dong ,&nbsp;Chen Liu ,&nbsp;Jingjing Zhao ,&nbsp;Fang-Fei Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2026.200594","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2026.200594","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Serum lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is recognized as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, whether hypertension modifies the association between Lp(a) and adverse outcomes in acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) remains unclear. We investigated how hypertension status influences the relationship between Lp(a) and all-cause mortality in ADHF.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a single-center retrospective observational study including 2610 patients hospitalized with ADHF. We normalized the distribution of Lp(a) by a logarithmic transformation and assessed the risk of all-cause mortality with Lp(a), using Cox regression with adjustment for potential confounders.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 2610 patients (39.0% women; mean age, 68.8 years), 1606 (61.5%) had hypertension. Over 4.1 years (median), 1287 deaths occurred. In all patients, log-transformed Lp(a) was significantly associated with mortality (adjusted HR 1.21; 95% CI, 1.05-1.39; <em>P</em> = 0.007), with the highest tertile showing increased risk compared to the lowest tertile (HR 1.19; 95% CI, 1.03-1.37; <em>P</em> = 0.016). In ADHF combined with hypertension, Lp(a) conferred higher risk of mortality (HR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.13-1.62; <em>P</em> = 0.001); and the highest tertile of Lp(a) was associated with higher risk of mortality (HR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.11-1.59; <em>P</em> = 0.002) compared with the lowest tertile. However, there were no associations between mortality and Lp(a) in those without hypertension (<em>P</em> ≥ 0.41). The interaction between hypertension with Lp(a) was significant for mortality (<em>P</em> = 0.002).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Increased admission Lp(a) levels were associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality in ADHF patients with hypertension. Further studies are needed to explore the mechanistic links among Lp(a), hypertension and ADHF.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 200594"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146190838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vigorous exertion, regular exercise training, and the risk of sudden cardiac death due to myocardial infarction in Swedish men","authors":"Simon Vikström ,&nbsp;Patrik Wennberg ,&nbsp;Lars Johansson ,&nbsp;Marcus Lind ,&nbsp;Elin Chorell ,&nbsp;Johan Sommar ,&nbsp;Jonas Andersson","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2026.200588","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2026.200588","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Although physical activity is associated with cardiovascular health benefits and reduced all-cause mortality, vigorous exertion is also recognized as a trigger for sudden cardiac death (SCD). This study investigated vigorous exertion as a trigger for SCD resulting from myocardial infarction (MI) and the potential modifying effect of habitual vigorous exercise training among Swedish men who subsequently experienced SCD due to MI.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This prospective nested case-crossover study was performed within the Västerbotten Intervention Programme cohort from 1985 to 2006 and included male participants who later experienced SCD caused by MI. The risk of SCD during and within 30 min of vigorous exertion was compared with the risk during periods of non-exertion. Participants were categorized into three groups according to baseline frequency of habitual vigorous exercise training to assess effect modification.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We included 192 men with SCD caused by MI, with a mean time from screening to event of 6.5 years. A majority of cases reported physical inactivity, with 161 cases reporting no exercise or &lt;1 exercise event per week. 24 men suffered SCD in relation to vigorous exertion, yielding a relative risk of 43.6 (95% CI: 27.1-70.3) compared to non-exertion. The highest relative risk (107.7 [95% CI: 63.4-182.9]) was found among physically inactive men and was mitigated by a higher frequency of habitual exercise training at baseline.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Among Swedish men who experienced SCD caused by MI, vigorous exertion was associated with a transiently increased risk, which was mitigated by higher levels of habitual vigorous exercise training.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 200588"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146190839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}