International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention最新文献

{"title":"Exercise intensity and cardiac metabolic adaptations in elderly heart failure rehabilitation: A review","authors":"Morteza Esmaeili ,&nbsp;Riyas Vettukattil","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200525","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200525","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Heart function depends on efficient cardiac metabolism and energy production. Exercise is vital for supporting these processes, especially in heart failure (HF) rehabilitation, where weakened metabolism and energy deficits are common. Structured exercise improves metabolic efficiency while reducing sedentary behavior, such as prolonged sitting, further supports heart health. Even in regular exercisers, prolonged sitting increases cardiovascular risks.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>This review analyzed studies from 2017 to November 2024 on how exercise intensity affects cardiac metabolism, energy production, and mitochondrial function in HF patients. Searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar using terms like \"exercise intensity\" and \"cardiac metabolism.\" Studies focused on metabolic changes and mitochondrial bioenergetics were included; those lacking relevant data were excluded.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Structured exercise combined with reduced sedentary time significantly improves heart health in HF patients. Exercise gradually strengthens heart muscle, enhances energy utilization, and improves the heart's ability to handle daily stress. Reducing sedentary behavior complements these effects by lowering cardiovascular risks.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Improving heart health in HF patients requires both regular exercise and minimized sedentary time. Physical activities can enhance cardiac metabolism, energy efficiency, and overall heart function, providing an effective pathway for better outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 200525"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145265540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond Life's Essential 8: optimizing cardiovascular health metrics to predict mortality","authors":"Yang Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200523","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200523","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cardiovascular health (CVH), as assessed by the American Heart Association's Life's Essential 8 (LE8), is strongly associated with mortality risk. However, whether rescoring or weighting individual CVH components improves mortality prediction remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using data from the 2005–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, we examined the associations between CVH categories and risks of all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. We compared three CVH scoring approaches: the original LE8 model, a rescored model with recalibrated eight metrics, and a weighted model assigning relative importance to each metric. Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for confounders estimated hazard ratios. Model performance was evaluated by C-statistic and net reclassification improvement.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 32,076 US adults followed for a median of 7.5 years, higher CVH was consistently associated with lower all-cause and CVD mortality risks across all models. Compared to individuals with low CVH, individuals with high CVH had 58 %–78 % lower all-cause mortality risk and 64 %–87 % lower CVD mortality. For CVD mortality, the rescored model improved risk reclassification, while the weighted model improved discrimination. Compared to the original model, both rescored and weighted models are with modest improvements in all-cause mortality prediction. Weighting revealed substantial variation in the contribution of individual CVH components to mortality risk.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Higher CVH is strongly protective against mortality. Refining LE8 scoring through rescoring and weighting can enhance mortality risk discrimination and reclassification, supporting improved CVH assessment for targeted prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 200523"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145218936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with left ventricular mass during disease modifying antirheumatic drug therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: the Joint Heart study","authors":"Anja Linde ,&nbsp;Eva Gerdts ,&nbsp;Bjørg T. Fevang ,&nbsp;Arve Ulvik ,&nbsp;Per M. Ueland ,&nbsp;Klaus Meyer ,&nbsp;Ester Kringeland ,&nbsp;Helga Midtbø","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200521","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200521","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>We explored factors associated with left ventricular (LV) mass index during biological (b) or targeted synthetic (ts) disease modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Eighty-three outpatients with RA (age 55 ± 12 years, 71% women) with an indication for b/ts DMARD therapy were examined with echocardiography at baseline and after a mean follow-up of 22 months. LV mass was calculated according to guidelines and indexed for height^2.7.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>At baseline, 37% had hypertension, 6% diabetes, 21% obesity, and 100% were using b/ts DMARDs. During follow-up, 17% discontinued b/tsDMARD treatment. The LV mass index remained unchanged during follow-up (33.1 ± 8.1 g/m^2.7 vs. 33.5 ± 7.3 g/m^2.7, p = 0.57, mean change 0.3 ± 4.9 g/m^2.7). Lower LV mass index at follow-up was observed in patients using bDMARDs at follow-up (31.7 ± 6.2 g/m^2.7 vs. 36.6 ± 8.9 g/m^2.7, p = 0.001). In multivariable linear regression analyses, use of bDMARDs (β −0.22, p = 0.03) at follow-up were associated with lower LV mass index at follow-up, independent of C-reactive protein (CRP), age, sex, and obesity at baseline. Obesity at baseline (β 0.39, p &lt; 0.001) was associated with a higher LV mass index both at baseline and follow-up. Higher CRP at baseline was associated with higher LV mass index at baseline (β 0.31, p = 0.001), but not at follow-up.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In patients with RA on DMARD treatment, the mean LV mass index remained stable during 22 months of follow-up. Obesity was the strongest factor associated with higher LV mass index, while use of bDMARD throughout the study period was associated with lower LV mass index.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 200521"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145265541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diastolic blood pressure as a predictor of short-term mortality in infective endocarditis","authors":"Su-ling Du ,&nbsp;Jing-wen Li ,&nbsp;Ying Chen ,&nbsp;Xue-biao Wei ,&nbsp;Yan-li Chen ,&nbsp;Dan-qing Yu ,&nbsp;Qi Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200522","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200522","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) is an established risk factor for mortality in several cardiovascular diseases. However, its prognostic value in patients with infective endocarditis (IE) remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We enrolled 1705 patients diagnosed with IE and categorized them into three groups based on admitted DBP tertiles: &lt;60 mmHg (n = 505), 60–72 mmHg (n = 629), and ≥72 mmHg (n = 571). Restricted cubic splines were used to assess nonlinear relationships. Multivariate analysis was conducted to identify independent risk factors for adverse outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Patients with DBP &lt;60 mmHg had significantly higher rates of in-hospital mortality (10.7 % vs. 6.4 % vs. 4.4 %; <em>P &lt; 0.001</em>) and major adverse clinical events (25.5 % vs. 18.0 % vs. 14.0 %; <em>P &lt; 0.001</em>). An approximately inverse linear relationship was observed between DBP and in-hospital mortality. The optimal DBP cut-off value for predicting in-hospital death was 60 mmHg (AUC = 0.617; <em>P &lt; 0.001</em>). DBP &lt;60 mmHg was independently associated with in-hospital mortality (adjusted odds ratio = 2.395; <em>P = 0.004</em>). Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed significantly higher 6-month mortality in patients with DBP &lt;60 mmHg compared to those with DBP ≥60 mmHg (log-rank test = 10.8; <em>P = 0.001</em>). Multivariate Cox analysis confirmed that DBP &lt;60 mmHg was independently associated with 6-month mortality (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.457; <em>P = 0.032</em>).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Lower DBP was significantly associated with an increased risk of short-term mortality in IE patients. The finding highlights low DBP as an important clinical marker of disease severity that should warrant enhanced monitoring and management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 200522"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145218935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influencing factors of public willingness to implement cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A mixed-methods systematic review","authors":"Yajie Wang ,&nbsp;Fangqiu Zheng ,&nbsp;Jingju Xia ,&nbsp;Limin Zheng ,&nbsp;Dantong Wang ,&nbsp;Haili Wang ,&nbsp;Bo Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200519","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200519","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation is a key element in the chain of survival for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, enhancing patient survival rates. However, bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation rates remain low.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>(s)To systematically evaluate the factors influencing bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation and provide a foundation for developing training programs and guiding future research.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The systematic review adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta--Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and was registered with PROSPERO.</div></div><div><h3>Data sources</h3><div>A comprehensive search of 4 databases (the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase) were searched between the database's creation and November 13, 2024.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 11,730 studies were initially retrieved, with 28 ultimately included in the analysis. Among these, 4 were qualitative studies, and 24 were quantitative studies. Data integration was performed using Nvivo14 software.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings demonstrated that cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) knowledge, abilities, training experience, rescue objects, and rescue techniques all had an impact on the public's willingness to perform CPR. Ethics teaching will be included in the training content, and future courses will use female simulators. Second, to address the issue of a lack of CPR knowledge, CPR instruction can be included in the curriculum of schools in nations such as China which have a poor rate of CPR training development. To increase the public's rate of mastery of CPR-related knowledge, the training frequency should be increased concurrently. And it is suggested that the state create relevant legislation to safeguard rescuers. Finally, designing specialized evaluation instruments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 200519"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145220178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to \"Letter to the editor related to the article \"Trends in mortality due to ischemic heart diseases among patients with Alzheimer's disease in the United States from 1999 to 2020. International journal of cardiology. Cardiovascular risk and prevention, 25, 200390″","authors":"Muzamil Akhtar ,&nbsp;Rayyan Nabi ,&nbsp;Raheel Ahmed","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200518","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200518","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 200518"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145220179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Residual hypertriglyceridemia in cardiac rehabilitation: Methodological constraints and implications for generalizability","authors":"Amisha Kumari ,&nbsp;Reena Kumari ,&nbsp;Muddassir Khalid ,&nbsp;Fred Segawa","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200520","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200520","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 200520"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypertension control in resource-constrained settings: Bridging socioeconomic gaps with predictive insights","authors":"Md Abul Kalam Azad ,&nbsp;Md Abu Sufian ,&nbsp;Lujain Alsadder ,&nbsp;Sadia Zaman ,&nbsp;Wahiba Hamzi ,&nbsp;Amira Ali ,&nbsp;Md. Zakir Hossain ,&nbsp;Boumediene Hamzi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200472","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200472","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background:&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Hypertension continues to be a pivotal driver of global cardiovascular disease burden and adverse health outcomes, particularly in resource-constrained settings where disparities in socioeconomic status and clinical infrastructure hinder effective management. Despite medical advancements, achieving optimal blood pressure (BP) control remains a formidable challenge, necessitating a nuanced understanding of multifactorial risk determinants.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods:&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;A cross-sectional analysis was conducted on 1,000 hypertensive patients from a larger dataset comprising 100,000 population size. Three hundred patients were examined for personalised BP control predictors who met the inclusion criteria of being treated for at least one year at the Hypertension and Research Centre in Rangpur, Bangladesh, between January 2020 and January 2021. BP control was assessed using World Health Organisation (WHO) and National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) guidelines, and a comprehensive analysis of the sociodemographic and clinical variables was performed using multivariate logistic regression. Machine learning models such as K-Nearest Neighbours (KNN) were utilised to predict BP control with good performance using cross-validation techniques compared to other models. Explainable AI tools like Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) and Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations (LIME) provide interpretations of key variables with predictive qualities.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results:&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The mean age of participants was 49.37 ± 12.81 years, with 54.7% aged 40–59 years and 57.7% male. The overall BP control rate among the study population was 28%. Among those with controlled hypertension, 42% were rural residents (&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;p&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;005&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;) and 37% were homemakers (&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;p&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mo&gt;&lt;&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; 0.001), indicating better control in these subgroups. Key facilitators of BP control included higher education levels (e.g., post-graduate OR = 1.17, &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;p&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;&lt;&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;001&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;), lower cholesterol levels (SHAP value = 0.097), and adherence to combination therapy (75% of controlled cases). Conversely, diabetes mellitus (SHAP value = 0.069) and ischemic heart disease (OR = 0.95, &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;p&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;004&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;) emerged as significant impediments to BP control. Advanced machine learning models, including KNN, achieved an unparallelled predictive accuracy of 99%, underscoring precision-based interventions’ transformative potential. SHAP analysis revealed dietary habits (SHAP value = 0.077) and physical activity (SHAP value = 0.079) as modifiable predictors, highlighting the efficacy of personalised lifestyle strategies. Simulation-based interventions grounded in machine learning insigh","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 200472"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145117744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulating-free DNA and myocardial infarction: From diagnostic promise to clinical translation","authors":"Jeff Clyde G. Corpuz","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200517","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200517","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This correspondence responds to the review by Rafiei et al. on circulating-free DNA (cfDNA) as a biomarker for early detection of myocardial infarction (MI). CfDNA shows potential for rapid diagnosis and real-time monitoring, but major barriers remain. Lack of standardized testing methods, uncertain utility in emergency care, and high costs risk delaying adoption and widening health inequities, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Key priorities include harmonizing laboratory protocols, developing point-of-care platforms, and integrating cfDNA into diagnostic algorithms with cardiac troponins and electrocardiograms (ECG). Research should focus on large, long-term cohorts that include diverse populations, and test multi-marker strategies combining cfDNA with microRNAs and DNA methylation profiles. Ensuring affordability and accessibility will be critical to translate cfDNA from experimental promise to routine cardiovascular practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 200517"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145104933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glycemic status and left atrial structure and function in adults with metabolic syndrome and overweight-obesity","authors":"Angel M. Alonso-Gómez ,&nbsp;Leire Goicolea-Güemez ,&nbsp;Dora Romaguera ,&nbsp;Estefania Toledo ,&nbsp;Aniqa B. Alam ,&nbsp;Lucas Tojal-Sierra ,&nbsp;Luis López Rodriguez ,&nbsp;Raúl Ramallal ,&nbsp;María Garrido Uriarte ,&nbsp;Inés Gonzalez-Casanova ,&nbsp;Jordi Salas-Salvadó ,&nbsp;Montserrat Fitó ,&nbsp;Alvaro Alonso","doi":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200513","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijcrp.2025.200513","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29726,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cardiology Cardiovascular Risk and Prevention","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 200513"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145104930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}