39th Annual Symposium on Frequency Control最新文献

{"title":"A Study of Flexural, Anharmonic and Thickness-Shear Modes of Vibrations in Quartz Resonators Using Scanning Electron Microscope","authors":"H. Bahadur, R. Parshad","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.1985.200896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.1985.200896","url":null,"abstract":"Crystal resonator plates or disks are capable of vibrating in different modes. Primarily, these modes can cause extensional, flexural or shear (thickness or face) motions. In the actual practice of usins bonded resonators, due to finite dimensions and reflection from boundaries, there results a complex coupling of these different modes which gives rise to a host of frequencies that a crystal resonator is capable of vibrating at. A variety of experimental techniques have been used for mode identification and also t suppress the undesired modes of vibrations.","PeriodicalId":291824,"journal":{"name":"39th Annual Symposium on Frequency Control","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122871794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Filled Thermal System Utilizing a Gas Density Sensing Quartz Crystal Tuning Fork","authors":"R. W. Ward, E. P. Eernisse","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.1985.200899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.1985.200899","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":291824,"journal":{"name":"39th Annual Symposium on Frequency Control","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120922848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Developments on Membrane Bulk-Acoustic-Wave Resonators","authors":"J. S. Wang, A. Kong, K. Lau, K. Yen","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.1985.200869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.1985.200869","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":291824,"journal":{"name":"39th Annual Symposium on Frequency Control","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121028057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low Noise, VHF Crystal-Controlled Oscillator Utilizing Dual, SC-Cut Resonators","authors":"M. Driscoll","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.1985.200845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.1985.200845","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":291824,"journal":{"name":"39th Annual Symposium on Frequency Control","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115134665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Rubidium Atomic Frequency Standard Developed in India","authors":"G. Saxena, A. Chatterjee, D. R. Sachdeva, B. S. Mathur","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.1985.200818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.1985.200818","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":291824,"journal":{"name":"39th Annual Symposium on Frequency Control","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122399062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid Miniature Oven Quartz Crystal Oscillator","authors":"J. Ho","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.1985.200844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.1985.200844","url":null,"abstract":"A n e w gene ra t ion of small, f a s t warm-up p r e c i s i o n oven ized c rys t a l o sc i l l a to r has been deve loped and is a v a i l a b l e f o r m i l i t a r and commercial use. The o v e r a l l s i z e is only 4.2 inJ and weighs 3.8 oz. (F igu re 1). T h e u n i t w i l l warm-up from -54OC t o w i t h i n lPP107 i n less than 5 d n u t e s . The s h o r t term s t a b i l i t y is neasured at b e t t e r t h a n 3PP1Ol2 p e r 10 seconds and long term s t a b i l i t y is less than 2.5PP101°/day over 40 days.","PeriodicalId":291824,"journal":{"name":"39th Annual Symposium on Frequency Control","volume":"577 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116536660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commercial GPS Receiver for Time and Frequency Equipment Applications","authors":"Richard L. Lewis, G. F. Knoernschild, N. Hemesath","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.1985.200836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.1985.200836","url":null,"abstract":"The NAVSTAR Global Positioning System (GPS) currently being readied for production by the Department of Defense will provide significant improvements in the accuracy and cost-ofownership features of future electronics systems used for navigation, positioning, and time and frequency reference applications. The Collins Avionics Group of Rockwell International has developed a commercial version of a modular sensor unit called the NAVCORE 1.\" GPS receiver which derives position. velocity and time data from the satellite signals. Digital data outputs are updated at the rate of one complete solution per second making the sensor function applicable to a wide range of dynamic and static product applications. This paper describes the features and capabilities of the timing version of the NAVCORE 1'\" receiver and describes the interfaces required for its use as a sensor in time and frequency product applications. Introduction With the recent contract award by the Department of Defense for the first production GPS user equipment, the production phase of the third element of the NAVSTAR GPS program has begun implementation. The first two elements. satellite vehicles and ground command stations, have been underway for over a year, with the first production satellites scheduled for launch starting in October of next year. Based on the current launch schedules worldwide satellite coverage will be available for 2D navigation by late 1987, with full 3D navigation coverage by mid-1988. While the primary focus of the GPS program is on its revolutionary improvements in accuracy and cost-of-ownership for navigation and positioning systems, it offers the same kind of benefits for time and frequency reference product applications. Furthermore, these benefits can be realized several years sooner, with precision time signals already available for 16-20 hours per day from the development satellites, and full worldwide time coverage expected to be available by the beginning of 1987. Commercial Applications Collins Government Avionics has been actively involved in the development of military GPS user equipment since 1974. During that time as we have participated in the transition from advanced technology concepts to application hardware, we have also participated in the promotion of the system benefits for worldwide commercial applications. Two years ago, when we became convinced that the CIA code signals would ultimately be made available for commercial uses without restrictions or usage charges, we initiated product plans to apply the applicable parts of our hardware and software development work to non-military applications. This paper describes the first commercial product resulting from that effort, with emphasis on its possible time and frequency reference system applications. Time & Frequency System Applications Theoretically, GPS time receivers would be able to continuously deliver precision timing signals within the average of the CH2186-0/85/0000-0150$1.00019851EE","PeriodicalId":291824,"journal":{"name":"39th Annual Symposium on Frequency Control","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114799765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Progress Report on Manufacturing Methods and Technology for Production of High-Stability, Vibration-Resistant Quartz Crystal Units","authors":"J. Korman","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.1985.200865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.1985.200865","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":291824,"journal":{"name":"39th Annual Symposium on Frequency Control","volume":"128 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130469435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cesium Beam Frequency Standard for the PLSS Program","authors":"D. Silvermetz, I. Pascaru, M. Meirs","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.1985.200814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.1985.200814","url":null,"abstract":"Frequency Elec t ronics has deve loped a low noise Cesium Standard to be used under dynamic vibrat ion environments. The PLSS ( P r e c i s i o n L o c a t i o n S t r i k e System), under development for the USAF by Lockheed Missiles and Space Company, r e q u i r e s a p r e c i s i o n and s t a b l e f r e q u e n c y r e f e r e n c e t o p e r f o r m i s s i o n t i m i n g and r ang ing func t ions . The f requency s tandard is l o c a t e d i n a h i g h f l y i n g a i r c r a f t and must o p e r a t e in a hos t i le envi ronment ( tempera ture and a l t i tude ex t remes , h igh shock and v ib ra t ion l eve l s , EMI) whi le main ta in ing f r e q u e n c y s t a b i l i t y o f 7 X Low s i n g l e s ideband phase noise must be main ta ined under condi t ion of random v ib ra t ion . Th i s phase no i se is less than -110 dBc a t 10 Hz, -120 dBc a t 100 Hz and -130 dBc a t 1000 Hz.","PeriodicalId":291824,"journal":{"name":"39th Annual Symposium on Frequency Control","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134268664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of a Laser-Induced Resonance Raman Clock","authors":"P. Hemmer, G. Ontai, A. Rosenberg, S. Ezekiel","doi":"10.1109/FREQ.1985.200824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.1985.200824","url":null,"abstract":"We have stabilized a microwave oscillator using a laser induced resonance Raman transition in a sodium atomic beam and have achieved plfractional frequency (clock) stability of 1.5 x 10 for a 1000 sec averaging time. This stability, which is near the shot noise limit for the present setup, compares favorably with the fractional frequency stabilities of commercial cesium clocks at 1000 sec averaging times when differences in transit time and transition frequency are taken into consideration. These preliminary results are very encouraging and were made possible because the major sources of frequency error have been identified and greatly reduced. Remaining sources of long term frequency shifts are still under investigation.","PeriodicalId":291824,"journal":{"name":"39th Annual Symposium on Frequency Control","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133836055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}