Journal of Agriculture and Horticulture Research最新文献

{"title":"Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation of winter wheat in an intensive crop producing farm","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jahr.06.03.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jahr.06.03.01","url":null,"abstract":"Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation represents a valid tool for improving crop yield, primarily in the case of extensive crop production. The conditions of intensive crop production inhibit the growth of AMF and decrease the plant root mycorrhization. To clarify the possibilities of AMF inoculation under intensive farm conditions, a two-year field experiment was set up. The effect of AMF inoculation and mineral fertilization (130 kg N ha-1, 78 kg P2 O5 ha-1, 60 kg K2 O ha-1) were investigated on the crop yield, crop P content and root mycorrhization of two modern winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars. The soil was Chernozem with calcareous precipitates (WRB classification: Calcic Chernozem). The AMF inoculum contained reproductive units of Rhizophagus irregularis and Glomus mosseae. The whole experimental area was 32 ha and cultivated according to the usual intensive crop production of the farm. Both AMF inoculation and mineral fertilizer treatment had a significant effect on crop yield and root mycorrhization. The yield-enhancing effect of AMF inoculation was only observed in plots without mineral fertilizer and depended on the interaction of the year and the cultivar. AMF inoculation did not affect the P content of the crop. In the dry year the effect of AMF inoculation was cultivar dependent. AMF inoculation increases the yield to a smaller extent than the mineral fertilization. Our results show that AMF inoculation without fertilization can be profitable under intensive farming conditions.","PeriodicalId":290736,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Horticulture Research","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133438540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consumer Perceptions on the Introduction of Genetically Modified Food Products in Kenya: A Qualitative Study in Nyeri and Meru Counties","authors":"Joram Ngugi Kamau, Patrick Mutwiri Karitu","doi":"10.33140/jahr.06.02.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jahr.06.02.04","url":null,"abstract":"The introduction of genetically modified (GM) food products in Kenya has raised concerns among consumers, as well as regulatory authorities and industry players. This study aimed to explore the attitudes and perceptions of consumers towards GM food products in Kenya, using a qualitative research design and thematic content analysis. The objective of this study was to provide a comprehensive understanding of consumer perceptions towards GM food products in Kenya. Data was collected through focus group discussions (FGDs) with participants drawn from Meru and Nyeri Counties. The data was analyzed using Nvivo software and thematic content analysis. The major findings of the study suggest that consumers in Kenya have limited knowledge and understanding of GM food products. Participants expressed concerns about the safety, health implications, and environmental impact of GM foods. Cultural and religious beliefs also played a significant role in shaping consumer perceptions of GM foods. Despite the concerns raised, participants acknowledged the potential benefits of GM foods, including increased food production and improved nutritional content. Based on the findings, this study recommends that the government, industry players, and other stakeholders should collaborate to develop clear and transparent regulations for GM food products. This should be coupled with targeted education and awareness campaigns to promote public understanding and acceptance of GM foods. Further research is also needed to investigate the potential long-term effects of GM foods on human health and the environment with an underscore of impartial awareness endeavor","PeriodicalId":290736,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Horticulture Research","volume":"69 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130211608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Texture Profile and Design of Food Product","authors":"Techane Alemu","doi":"10.33140/jahr.06.02.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jahr.06.02.03","url":null,"abstract":"Texture refers to surface characteristics and appearance of an object given by the size, shape, and density as well properties of a food that sensed by touch in the mouth and with the hands. We use many words to describe food texture foods can be soft or hard, mushy or crunchy, or smooth or lumpy. Texture is important to the enjoyment and acceptability of foods. Texture profile analysis is the measurement and description of the textural properties of food. Texture Profile Analysis is a popular double compression test for determining the textural properties of foods. The textural identity of any food is rarely a simple matter of understanding a singular attribute such as hardness or cohesiveness. The texture of any food is multi-faceted and tied to consumers' sensory expectations. It is not sufficient to deliver a food with a target hardness and springiness value if consumers do not like it and it does not meet their expectations for that food type. Depending on the textural attributes sought after by our clients we occasionally recommend capturing either chewiness or gumminess. Adhesiveness is a popular TPA parameter for deferent foods. An important factor in consumers’ acceptability, beyond visual appearance and taste, is food texture. The elderly and people with dysphagia are more likely to present malnourishment due to visually and texturally unappealing food. Texture of food materials plays a key role in consumer acceptance and market value. Texture features are considered important from both quality assurance and food safety perspectives. Therefore, through customer feedback and extensive testing Texture Technologies has narrowed its recommended primary TPA characteristics to include hardness, cohesiveness, springiness, and resilience.","PeriodicalId":290736,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Horticulture Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129570197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quarantine and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Enterobacteriaceae Strains and other Gram-Negative Bacteria in Dairy Sweetmeat Milk (Doodh) Peda","authors":"Fouzia Amreen, Prema Vishwanath, M. H. Puttananjaiah","doi":"10.33140/jahr.06.02.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jahr.06.02.02","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed to assess the prevalence and isolation of Enterobacteriaceae strains and other gram-negative bacteria of milk (doodh) peda-a traditional milk product of India. Bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae are the indicator organisms that provide evidence of poor hygiene, inadequate processing or post-process contamination of foods. A total of 25 peda samples were collected from different places in the Mysuru district to evaluate the prevalence of Enterobacteriaceae. Seventeen gram-negative fermentative bacteria of clinical significance were detected and isolated. API 20E biochemical identification syatem and other associated biochemical tests are used as a supportive tool to identify gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Our outcomes indicate that milk peda contaminated with the Enterobacteriaceae like Enterobacter cloacae, Yersinia bercovieri, Yersinia rohdei, Raoutlella terigena, Acinetobacter lwoffii, Pantoea agglomerans PA2, Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp pneumoniae, Leclericia adecarboxylata, Photorhabdus nematophilus, Enterobacter gergoviae, Acinetobacter baumannii/calcoacetius, Cronobacter sakazaki (Enterobacter sakazaki). Further, the antimicrobial resistance of these Enterobacteriaceae groups was also investigated against 20 antibiotics by the disc diffusion assay method. All isolates revealed susceptibility to the fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides. But resistance to the nitrofurantoin (70.59 %), augmentin (52.94%), and cefpodoxime (47.06%) antibiotics. Our finding was the first report of the prevalence and detection of E. gergoviae in a food sample (milk peda) and examined for antibiotic resistance.","PeriodicalId":290736,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Horticulture Research","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128861054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arthropod Biodiversity in Agricultural, Horticultural and Silvicultural Ecosystems with Special Reference to Spiders (Araneae) in Mid-hills of Meghalaya, India","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jahr.06.02.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jahr.06.02.01","url":null,"abstract":"Spiders are the Arthropod and belong to the Phylum: Arthropoda, Class: Arachnida, Order: Araneae. Their occurrence worldwide is about 30,000 species belonging to the 60 families. Totally 4023 arthropods were collected from Silvicultural, Horticultural and Agricultural ecosystem (Maize, Potato and Rice) which belonged to 14 orders and 85 Nos. of different families. Among the ecosystem maximum diversity found in Silvicultural followed by Horticultural and Agricultural ecosystem in terms of alpha diversity such as Shannon Wiener index Simpsons D, Species number, Margelef D, Equitability J, Berger Parker index, Maclntosch U, Brillouin level, Fisher Alpha, Q Statistic and beta diversity such as Whittaker Bw, Cody Bc, Routledge Br, Routledge Bi, Routledge Be and Wilson & Shmida Bt.","PeriodicalId":290736,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Horticulture Research","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136151874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Silico Analysis of Stress Resistance Heat Shock Protein 70 in Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.)","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jahr.06.01.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jahr.06.01.07","url":null,"abstract":"Heat shock proteins70 (HSP70) play important roles in many biological processes. However, as is typical of sorghum bicolor, the systematic identification of the Hsp70 gene is very limited and the role of the Hsp70 gene in the evolution of sorghum bicolor has not been systematically described. In order to fill such an information gap, it was imperative to perform a insilico analysis of the HSP70 genes. The study was performed using bioinformatic methods to analyze the HSP70 gene family and identified 30 HSP70 genes from the sorghum bicolor genome sequence. A comprehensive analysis of these 30 identified genes performed analysis of gene structure, and physico-chemical properties, subcellular localization and promoter region analysis. The gene structure visualization analyzes revealed that 22 gene contains both 5 and 3 UTRS, one 5 and one 3 gene and 6 genes without UTR. The highest number of introns recorded was 12, and these genes have shown that this is not the case in any intron. In the promoter region analysis, ten protein motifs are identified and characterized and 2219 cis-acting elements are also identified. Among these, promoter-enhancer elements share the highest number (1411) and photoresponsive elements share the next value (335). Analysis of the physicochemical properties revealed that 23 families are acidic in nature, while the four families are basic and the others are somewhat neutral. The various analyses revealed their structural organization, subcellular localizations, physicochemical properties, cis-acting elements, evolutionary relationships, and under-stress situations in general.This research adds to the functional characterization of HSP70 and aids in the understanding of the processes of abiotic stress tolerance in Sorghum bicolor under a variety of stress settings.","PeriodicalId":290736,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Horticulture Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131336933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of staking methods on growth, yield and yield related traits of tomato (lycopersicon esculentum mill.) Varieties in debre markos district, north western Ethiopia.","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jahr.06.01.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jahr.06.01.05","url":null,"abstract":"Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is one of the most cultivated vegetable crops in Ethiopia. However, the production and productivity of the crop is low due to a lack of improved varieties and improper agronomic practices including staking. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of stalking on growth, fruit yield and associated characteristics of the tomato varieties and to estimate the economic efficiency of using different staking methods for different tomato varieties. The study was conducted in Debre Markos University, College of Agriculture and Natural Resource research demonstration site under irrigation condition in 2021/22. The experiment consisted of four tomato varieties, (namely Cochero, Eshet, Metadel, and Miya) with three staking methods (single-string staking, Florida weave string staking, and non-staking methods). A 4X3 Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications was employed in a factorial arrangement. Data were collected on growth, yield, and quality parameters and analyzed using SAS 9.2 software, and means were separated by using LSD at 5% probability level. Results revealed that the interaction effect of variety and methods of staking had a highly significant (p<0.01) effect on total fruit yield per hectare; marketable fruit yield per hectare and; unmarketable fruit yield per hectare. The main effects of variety and methods of staking significantly influenced most of the studied tomato parameters (number of primary branches; days to fruit maturity and; number of flowers per cluster). Based on the present study the highest marketable fruit yield was recorded from treatment combinations of Metadel variety with single string staking (112.09 tha-1). With regard to the economic analysis the maximum net profit was recorded from treatment combinations of Metadel with single string with a MRR (marginal rate of return) of 739.","PeriodicalId":290736,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Horticulture Research","volume":"2013 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128125866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Learning and Knowledge Technologies as Strategies in The Training of Public Accountants","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jahr.06.01.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jahr.06.01.04","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the results of implementing existing software tools in the accounting field. The teaching processes regarding the use of Learning and Knowledge Technologies (TAC) in the university environment, and very specifically, in what has to do with the pedagogical integration of the same in the curriculum is deficient and disjointed with the current technological development. Thus, in the different curricula of professional programs of Public Accounting and related, the courses related to computer automation processes are oriented only towards the management of computer science and accounting software and the great diversity of existing applications that would undoubtedly directly benefit the student to know the potential of these in their future accounting practice is not taken into account. Strengthen the various skills of a Public Accountant in training through Learning and Knowledge Technologies (TAC), under the hypothesis of developing skills in the accounting field through TACs. The research was developed using a quantitative approach, an empirical-analytical method, with a type of descriptive research under an experimental design based on G1 x O1 and G2–O2, three phases were defined. In the first phase, the characterization of the existing software tools in the accounting field was carried out. In the second phase, their relevance was determined. In the third phase, performance was evaluated and then classified in a repository. The data obtained were analyzed with parametric analysis techniques through which it was found that the difference in quantitative results in the academic process between the experimental and control groups was statistically significant, which concluded the success of the experimental treatment. The use of CT scans in the classroom by the experimental group resulted in an improvement in their academic performance compared to the control group, strengthening their self-learning processes and facilitating the development of cognitive functions and skills necessary in the exercise of their accounting profession. This research supports and strengthens the work skills developed in the classroom for public accounting students. The tools TAC is developed from the request made by the radiometry laboratory as a first phase and a second phase is necessary for validation with experts.","PeriodicalId":290736,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Horticulture Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131159712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water-Saving Cropping Pattern as A Strategy to Combat Climate Change Effects and Sustain Groundwater Resource in The Dry, North-Western Region of Bangladesh","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jahr.06.01.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jahr.06.01.03","url":null,"abstract":"Increased groundwater use in the Barind area during the last few decades has caused serious groundwater level decline, decreased pump discharge and hence increased irrigation cost, and many associated hydrological problems which have become the biggest threat to sustainable agricultural production under climate change situation. The aims of this research were (i) to identify optimum/water-saving irrigation schedule of possible crops of different seasons, and (ii) yearly total yield and irrigation need assessment of different crop rotations to identify water-saving crop rotation. Field experiments were conducted for three consecutive years at four locations with four new cropping patterns, intervening non-rice crops (wheat, mustard, lentil) as well as natural rainfall matching ‘Aus rice’ crop. Irrigation water savings and economic benefits of each cropping pattern were evaluated. The results revealed that cultivation of non- rice crops instead of irrigation-intensive ‘Boro rice’ along with efficient irrigation schedule can reduce a substantial amount (48 - 58%) of irrigation demand along with higher economic benefits (both net profit and Benefit Cost Ratio). The findings of this research will help to plan management decisions to combat the declining trend of groundwater table, as well as the consequences of climate change and drought.","PeriodicalId":290736,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Horticulture Research","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123330722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Catalogue of The Higher Plants of The Adhwani Temperate Forest and Its Fringe Areas (Western Himalaya, India)","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jahr.06.01.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jahr.06.01.06","url":null,"abstract":"The present study deals with the floristic inventory of higher plants (angiosperms and gymnosperms) found in a richly biodiverse temperate forest area (Adhwani forest; 30º06′1″–30º06′7″ N and 78º72′3″ –78º72′6″ E; 1700–2200 m asl (above sea level) in western Himalaya, India. A total of 477 species of flowering plants belonging to 105 families and 315 genera were recorded in the Adhwani forest and its fringe areas. The information on plant life form, flowering and fruiting, local elevational distribution, indigenous uses and availability status are provided. An account of the invasive and alien species occurring in the area is also provided. Gentiana cephalodes Edgew. (Gentianaceae) and Buddleja crispa Benth. (Buddlejaceae) are revealed as new distribution recordings among the flora of Garhwal district. Asteraceae (47 species and 33 genera) was the dominant family followed by Fabaceae, Poaceae, Lamiaceae, Rosaceae and Ranunculaceae. Desmodium (9 species) was a dominant genus in the study area followed by Crotolaria, Cyperus and Euphorbia (6 species each). The herbs dominate the life forms of the area with 317 species (66.45%) followed by shrubs (14.46%), trees (12.99%) and climbers (6.07%). The flora of the area represents three IUCN index species viz. Quercus lamellosa (NT), Quercus oblongata (NT) and Ulmus wallichiana (VU) and 57 invasive and alien species. The presented catalogue with comprehensive information on of higher plants will be helpful to the plant scientists, planners and forest department when for developing and managing this richly biodiverse forest area.","PeriodicalId":290736,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Horticulture Research","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135285188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}