In Silico Analysis of Stress Resistance Heat Shock Protein 70 in Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.)

Heat shock proteins70 (HSP70) play important roles in many biological processes. However, as is typical of sorghum bicolor, the systematic identification of the Hsp70 gene is very limited and the role of the Hsp70 gene in the evolution of sorghum bicolor has not been systematically described. In order to fill such an information gap, it was imperative to perform a insilico analysis of the HSP70 genes. The study was performed using bioinformatic methods to analyze the HSP70 gene family and identified 30 HSP70 genes from the sorghum bicolor genome sequence. A comprehensive analysis of these 30 identified genes performed analysis of gene structure, and physico-chemical properties, subcellular localization and promoter region analysis. The gene structure visualization analyzes revealed that 22 gene contains both 5 and 3 UTRS, one 5 and one 3 gene and 6 genes without UTR. The highest number of introns recorded was 12, and these genes have shown that this is not the case in any intron. In the promoter region analysis, ten protein motifs are identified and characterized and 2219 cis-acting elements are also identified. Among these, promoter-enhancer elements share the highest number (1411) and photoresponsive elements share the next value (335). Analysis of the physicochemical properties revealed that 23 families are acidic in nature, while the four families are basic and the others are somewhat neutral. The various analyses revealed their structural organization, subcellular localizations, physicochemical properties, cis-acting elements, evolutionary relationships, and under-stress situations in general.This research adds to the functional characterization of HSP70 and aids in the understanding of the processes of abiotic stress tolerance in Sorghum bicolor under a variety of stress settings.