ERN: Econometric Studies of Labor Markets & Household Behavior (Topic)最新文献

{"title":"Generalised Partially Linear Regression with Misclassified Data and an Application to Labour Market Transitions","authors":"S. Dlugosz, E. Mammen, R. Wilke","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2640195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2640195","url":null,"abstract":"We consider the semiparametric generalised linear regression model which has mainstream empirical models such as the (partially) linear mean regression, logistic and multinomial regression as special cases. As an extension to related literature we allow a misclassified covariate to be interacted with a nonparametric function of a continuous covariate. This model is tailormade to address known data quality issues of administrative labour market data. Using a sample of 20m observations from Germany we estimate the determinants of labour market transitions and illustrate the role of considerable misclassification in the educational status on estimated transition probabilities and marginal effects.","PeriodicalId":289235,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Econometric Studies of Labor Markets & Household Behavior (Topic)","volume":"152 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127303623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Der Einfluss der Pflegeverantwortung von Frauen auf das Arbeitsangebot ihrer Partner – Eine Untersuchung mit dem Soep (Informal Caregiving by Women and Its Influence on the Labor Supply of Their Spouses. An Investigation Using the SOEP)","authors":"Judith Kaschowitz","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2648114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2648114","url":null,"abstract":"German Abstract: Durch den zu erwartenden Anstieg der Zahl Pflegebedurftiger und die hohe Bedeutung der familialen Pflege in Deutschland gewinnt die Vereinbarkeit von Pflege und Beruf fur immer mehr Paare an Bedeutung. Diese Arbeit analysiert mit Daten des Sozio-Okonomischen Panels „spill-over“-Effekte von Pflege auf Erwerbsarbeit innerhalb von Partnerschaften. Untersucht wird fur die Jahre 2001 bis 2011, ob eine Pflegetatigkeit von Frauen das Arbeitsangebot ihrer Partner beeinflusst. Pflegeubernahme wird dabei als Bestandteil innerfamilialer Arbeitsteilung aufgefasst. Bisherige empirische Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Frauen ihre Arbeitszeit bei Pflege reduzieren. Aufgrund dessen und vor dem Hintergrund theoretischer Uberlegungen der Geschlechtersoziologie und der Neuen Haushaltsokonomie sowie empirischer Ergebnisse aus der Vaterforschung wird vermutet, dass Pflege durch Frauen zu einer Arbeitszeitausweitung der Partner fuhrt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Manner pflegender Partnerinnen eine hohere Arbeitszeit haben, als Manner der Vergleichsgruppe. In den multivariaten Analysen wird zunachst deutlich, dass Pflege durch die Partnerin mit einer hoheren Wahrscheinlichkeit einhergeht, uberhaupt erwerbstatig zu sein. Die darauf aufbauenden Analysen nur fur erwerbstatige Manner zeigen keine Arbeitszeitveranderungen aufgrund der Pflegetatigkeit der Partnerin. Pflegeubernahme scheint daher stark an den Erwerbsstatus des Partners gebunden zu sein.English Abstract: Due to the growing number of people in need of care and the importance of informal caregiving, achieving a work-care balance should be of certain relevance for couples. This work analyses, based on data of the German Socio-Economic Panel, if there are “spill-over” effects from care to work within couples. For the years 2001-2011, it is examined if informal care by women influences the employment of their spouses. Caring is considered as part of the inner family bargaining processes. Previous research shows that caring women reduce their working hours. Taking that into account and considering theoretical arguments of the gender sociology and the new home economics, it is assumed that informal care of women leads to an increase in the employment of their husbands. Descriptive results show that partners of caring women have a higher working time than their counterparts. The regression results show that there is a positive, significant link between informal care done by women and the labor supply of their spouses. Restricting the sample to working men only, the association remains positive but gets insignificant. A possible explanation of this is that the informal care done by women depends on the work performance of their spouses.","PeriodicalId":289235,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Econometric Studies of Labor Markets & Household Behavior (Topic)","volume":"133 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132130439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Job Changes Affect People's Lives – Evidence from Subjective Well-Being Data","authors":"A. Chadi, Clemens Hetschko","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2602688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2602688","url":null,"abstract":"For representative German panel data, we document that voluntary job switching is associated with higher levels of life satisfaction, though only for some time, whereas forced job changes do not affect life satisfaction clearly. Using plant closures as an exogenous trigger of switching to a new employer, we find that job mobility turns out to be harmful for satisfaction with family life. By investigating people’s lives beyond their workplaces, our study complements research on the well-being impact of labour mobility, suggesting some positive welfare effects of flexible labour markets, but also a previously undocumented potential for negative implications.","PeriodicalId":289235,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Econometric Studies of Labor Markets & Household Behavior (Topic)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121881394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Cross-Country Analysis of Unemployment and Bonds with Long-Memory Relations","authors":"T. Dimpfl, Tobias Langen","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2576345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2576345","url":null,"abstract":"We analyze the relationship between unemployment rate changes and government bond yields during and after the most recent financial crisis across nine industrialized countries. The study is conducted on a weekly basis and we therefore nowcast unemployment data, which are only available once a month, on a weekly frequency using Google search query data. In order to account for the time series' long-memory components during the first-stage nowcasting and the second-stage modeling, we draw on Corsi's (2009, JEF) heterogeneous autoregressive time series model. In particular, we adapt this idea to a setting of mixed-frequency nowcasting. Our results indicate that Google searches greatly increase the nowcasting accuracy of unemployment rate changes. The impact of an idiosyncratic rise in unemployment on bond yields turns out to be positive for European countries while it is negative for the United States and Australia. The speed of the response also varies. Not unexpectedly, bond yields do not have an impact on unemployment. Our findings have interesting implications for the way shocks are absorbed in economic systems that differ, in particular, with respect to the central bank's core tasks.","PeriodicalId":289235,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Econometric Studies of Labor Markets & Household Behavior (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131086422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Progress to Nightmare - European Regional Unemployment Over Time","authors":"R. Beyer, M. Stemmer","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2559150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2559150","url":null,"abstract":"We analyze the distribution of regional unemployment in Europe over the last three decades using non-parametric kernel densities and stochastic kernels. In addition, we employ a multi-level factor model to separate European, country, and region-specific unemployment fluctuations. Three phases of distributional change of EU relative unemployment rates are detected: they polarized from 1986 to 1996, converged after the introduction of the Euro and have been polarizing again since the outbreak of the financial crisis, having reached the highest levels ever. We find that European fluctuations account for roughly two fifths of the total variance confirming the existence of a European unemployment cycle. Country fluctuations are equally important, which leaves one fifth to be explained by region-specific movements. German regions are found to respond negatively to the European factor and country movements cause diverse responses in particular in Italy and England. The convergence prior to 2007 can be attributed to country affects and the divergence thereafter both to country and region-specific factors. Finally, we also discuss within country heterogeneity.","PeriodicalId":289235,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Econometric Studies of Labor Markets & Household Behavior (Topic)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115536462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Now-And Forecasting Unemployment from Google's Job-Search Activity","authors":"J. Dávalos","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3038007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3038007","url":null,"abstract":"Big data trends, have gained popularity among practitioners for its potential applications on accurate econometric prediction. This paper presents an application where unemployment job search indicators for the G7 countries are based on Google trends data. For each country, a set of google search keywords is identified, then a data reduction technique is applied to estimate our unemployment indicator which is considered a latent common trend. Finally the predictive performance of our indicators is assessed by an automatic stochastic specification with respect to unemployment levels and other key labour market outcomes.","PeriodicalId":289235,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Econometric Studies of Labor Markets & Household Behavior (Topic)","volume":"388 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133324504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Responses of Time-Use to Shocks in Wealth During the Great Recession","authors":"J. Been, M. Hurd, S. Rohwedder","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2552671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2552671","url":null,"abstract":"Shocks to income and wealth decrease the household’s monetary budget available. As a consequence, households respond by decreasing consumption spending. Income shocks, such as unexpected unemployment and retirement, also increase the time-budget available in addition to decreasing the monetary budget available. Some research has suggested that the additional time available enables households to substitute home production for purchased goods and services, effectively increasing their well-being beyond what a measure of spending would indicate. We aim to expand on this research by using data on time-use with data on categories of spending, which has the potential to be much more informative than data on time-use alone: the combination can show substitutions or complements of time for spending. We use wealth shocks in house values induced by the Great Recession to show the extent to which households adjusted home production in response to those wealth shocks. We found some adjustment in the population age 65 or older, but none in the population age 51-64. This implies that younger households experiencing a wealth shock only find very little opportunity, if any, to buffer the welfare losses resulting from reductions in spending on market-purchased goods by increases in home production. Older households were able to compensate modestly.","PeriodicalId":289235,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Econometric Studies of Labor Markets & Household Behavior (Topic)","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130173062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Mobility and the Importance of Networks: Evidence for Britain","authors":"Ó. Marcenaro-Gutierrez, J. Micklewright, A. Vignoles","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2481569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2481569","url":null,"abstract":"Greater levels of social mobility are widely seen as desirable on grounds of both equity and efficiency. Debate on social mobility in Britain and elsewhere has recently focused on specific factors that might hinder social mobility, including the role of internships and similar employment opportunities that parents can sometimes secure for their children.We address the help that parents give their children in the job market using data from the new age 42 wave of the 1970 British Cohort Study. We consider help given to people from all family backgrounds and not just to graduates and those in higher level occupations who have tended to be the focus in the debate in Britain. Specifically, our data measure whether respondents had ever had help to get a job from (i) parents and (ii) other relatives and friends and the form of that help. We first assess the extent and type of help. We then determine whether people from higher socio-economic status families are more or less likely to have such help and whether the help is associated with higher wages and higher occupations.Our paper provides insight into whether the strong link between parental socio-economic background and the individual's own economic success can be explained in part by the parents assisting their children to get jobs. We find parental help to have a strong social gradient. But we are unable to identify a clear link between any particular type of help – advice, help through contacts etc. – and individuals' wages or occupations.","PeriodicalId":289235,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Econometric Studies of Labor Markets & Household Behavior (Topic)","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132690313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Financial Shocks and the Cyclical Behavior of Skilled and Unskilled Unemployment","authors":"Jose Ignacio Lopez, Virginia Olivella","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2469139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2469139","url":null,"abstract":"We study the effect of financial shocks in labor market dynamics. We build a model with two types of labor, two types of capital and both search and financial frictions. We find that financial shocks, modeled as exogenous disturbances to the borrowing constraint of firms, can generate realistic movements in aggregate employment and reproduce the volatile and countercyclical ratio of skilled to unskilled employment observed in the data. Tighter financial conditions impact employment through three channels: i) a fall in the marginal product of labor as a result of a reduction in aggregate capital, ii) an increase in the shadow cost of labor in terms of external financing and iii) an endogenous wage rigidity caused by a short-lived increase in households' consumption and in their marginal value of time. This endogenous wage rigidity together with the model’s calibration implying a higher re-hiring probability and lower recruitment costs for unskilled workers, explains the volatility of relative employment.","PeriodicalId":289235,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Econometric Studies of Labor Markets & Household Behavior (Topic)","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128764307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Culture, Religiosity and Female Labor Supply","authors":"D. Guner, G. Uysal","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2432396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2432396","url":null,"abstract":"Does culture affect female labor supply? In this paper, we address this question using a recent approach to measuring the effects of culture on economic outcomes, i.e. the epidemiological approach. We focus on migrants, who come from different cultures, but who share a common economic and institutional set-up today. Controlling for various individual characteristics including parental human capital as well as for current economic and institutional setup, we find that female employment rates in 1970 in a female migrant's province of origin affects her labor supply behavior in 2008. We also show that it is the female employment rates and not male in the province of origin in 1970 that affects the current labor supply behavior. We also extend the epidemiological approach to analyze the effects of religion on female labor supply. More specifically, we use a proxy of parental religiosity, i.e. share of party votes in 1973 elections in Turkey to study female labor supply in 2008. Our findings indicate that female migrants from provinces that had larger (smaller) shares of the religious party votes in 1973 are less (more) likely to participate in the labor market in 2008. An extended model where both cultural and religiosity proxies are included shows that culture and religiosity have separately significant effects on female labor supply behavior.","PeriodicalId":289235,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Econometric Studies of Labor Markets & Household Behavior (Topic)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123018925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}