Construction and Building Materials最新文献

{"title":"Experimental study on the mechanical properties of non-reinforced UHPC element under biaxial stress states","authors":"Rurui Liu ,&nbsp;Ran Ding ,&nbsp;Xin Nie ,&nbsp;Jiansheng Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139265","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139265","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ultra high performance concrete (UHPC) has been gradually applied in bridge and building engineering to replace normal concrete as a new type of cementitious material. The biaxial strength criteria of UHPC play an essential role in engineering design and research. However, the experimental research on biaxial strength of UHPC is still lacking. In this study, four groups of biaxial loading tests on UHPC planar elements were carried out, using the Planar Bi-directional Element Tester (PBET) developed by Tsinghua University, including biaxial compressive test, biaxial tensile test, biaxial tension-compression sequential test, and biaxial tension-compression proportional test. The biaxial stress ratio is also studied as a key parameter. Based on the test results, the typical failure modes under different biaxial loading conditions as well as the biaxial strength criteria of UHPC are revealed. Taking the biaxial strength criteria of normal concrete as a reference, the complete biaxial strength envelope equations of UHPC are finally derived.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"456 ","pages":"Article 139265"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142743313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct shear mechanism of steel fiber reinforced shotcrete-rock interface in lined hydrogen storage caverns: Insights from acoustic emission and DIC","authors":"Kai Qiu ,&nbsp;Shuchen Li ,&nbsp;Zouyang Qian ,&nbsp;Richeng Liu ,&nbsp;Zhongzhong Liu ,&nbsp;Meng Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Underground hydrogen energy storage (UHES) in lined rock caverns (LRCs) is of paramount importance in addressing the inherent instability of clean energy generation and in facilitating the accelerated restructuring of the global energy mix. However, this technology entails greater requirements for the safety and stability of concrete lining. The present study comprises a series of shear tests on steel fiber reinforced shotcrete-rock (SFC-R) specimens, which are subjected to a range of normal stress (<em>σ</em>_<em>n</em>), shear rate (<em>SR</em>), joint roughness coefficients (<em>JRC</em>) and steel fiber content (<em>SF</em>). The destabilization mechanism of the SFC-R interface is investigated through the integration of acoustic emission (AE), digital image correlation (DIC) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Furthermore, the stress distribution characteristics of steel fibers are investigated through numerical simulation. Results show that a sudden drop in shear force occurs in the specimens after reaches the peak value, and due to the bridging effect of the steel fibers, some specimens show a rebound rise in shear force. During the shearing process, normal shear shrinkage is observed initially due to the closure of the cavity and compression of the material. Subsequently, normal shear expansion occurs due to the inhomogeneity of the joint surface. The mean level of AE hits and peak AE hits are proportional to <em>σ</em>_<em>n</em>, <em>SR</em> and <em>JRC</em>. Besides, they showed a positive correlation with <em>SF</em> only during the intensified damage stage. As <em>σ</em>_<em>n</em>, <em>SR</em>, and <em>JRC</em> increased, or <em>SF</em> decreased, the specimens demonstrated an inclination towards cracking, which ultimately resulted in the deterioration of the concrete and rock. Consequently, the stress level within the steel fibers embedded within the concrete is also increased. This is evidenced by the formation of aggregated regions exhibiting patchy deformation, as illustrated by the DIC images.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"456 ","pages":"Article 139294"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142743317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic mechanisms of magnesium slag coupled with dust removal ash for CO2 sequestration via direct aqueous carbonation: High mineralization efficiency and optimization of reaction parameters","authors":"Yichao Wang,&nbsp;Jiao Mao,&nbsp;Xiaozhen Liu,&nbsp;Huixin Zhou,&nbsp;Lingwen Dai,&nbsp;Xuming Li,&nbsp;Xinqian Shu","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.138934","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.138934","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Utilizing natural industrial solid waste for CO₂ capture and utilization can reduce both the environmental problems caused by industrial solid waste and greenhouse gases. Based on this idea, magnesium slag-based solid waste has great economic and environmental value as CO₂ storage and backfill material. In this study, the CO₂ mineralization capacity and efficiency of two magnesium slag-based industrial solid wastes including magnesium slag (MS) and dust removal ash (DRA) and their mixtures were studied by gas-liquid two-phase mineralization method. The as-prepared samples were characterized by a series of techniques such as XRF, XRD, SEM, FT-IR and TG tests. The results exhibited that compared with single MS and DRA sample, the mineralization efficiency of composites increased 7.63 % and 14.1 %, respectively, which performed a synergistic effect. In addition, the main operation parameters including reaction temperature, solid-to-liquid ratio and CO₂ concentration were investigated, and the temperature of 35 ℃, solid-to-liquid ratio of 0.1 g/mL and CO₂ concentration of 30 vol% were chosen as optimum operating parameters. Furthermore, the reaction mechanism of CaCO₃ formation and the mineralization efficiency improvement after cooperation were expounded.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"456 ","pages":"Article 138934"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142743030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The behavior of the bond between thermally shocked recycled asphalt pavement concrete and steel bars","authors":"Yasmeen Taleb Obaidat,&nbsp;Zain Al-Kofahi ,&nbsp;Banan Rasmi Bani Baker","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139322","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139322","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluates the bond behavior between thermally shocked recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) concrete and steel bars. The effects of elevated temperatures, RAP replacement percentages, cooling regime, and steel bar diameter on bond performance were investigated. In addition, the mechanical properties of RAP concrete were also studied, before and after thermal shock damage. According to test results, mechanical properties involving compressive, splitting, and flexural strengths decreased with increasing temperature under thermal shock, while the residual strengths improved after exposure. The compressive strength of specimens at 400 °C decreased by 29.54 %, 28.71 %, 23.47 %, and 18.57 % for replacement ratios of 0 %, 25 %, 50 %, and 75 % of RAP, respectively. Additionally, at 600°C, there was a noticeable decrease in the bond strength for all concrete mixtures with a reduction percentage of 65.92 %, 49.46 %, 44.28 %, and 38.73 % for concrete with a 0 %, 25 %, 50 %, and 75 % replacement ratio, respectively. The extent of the increase in the residual strength correlated with the percentage of RAP aggregate replacement, showing lesser reductions with higher RAP content. Notably, rapid cooling after exposure to elevated temperatures resulted in a more significant strength reduction compared to natural cooling, attributed to thermal shock-induced cracks. Additionally, the bond strength between concrete and steel bars decreased with elevated temperatures, regardless of the RAP aggregate replacement ratio. However, an increase in RAP content showed an increase in residual bond strength. Moreover, the diameter of the steel bars played a crucial role in bond strength, with larger diameters exhibiting consistently lower bond strengths across various temperatures. Compared to 14-mm steel bar embedment, specimens with a 20-mm steel bar embedment exhibited a lower bond strength, ranging from 26 % to 40 %, 38–45 %, and 53–61 % at exposure temperatures of 23 °C, 400 °C, and 600 °C, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"456 ","pages":"Article 139322"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142743214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Grafting SiO2 layer on CaCO3 whisker to enhance the mechanical properties with oil well cement","authors":"Bojian Zhang ,&nbsp;Ying Xiong ,&nbsp;Shuang Liu ,&nbsp;Xianbing Wang ,&nbsp;Haibing Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139174","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The efficacy of cement matrix mechanical properties is significantly influenced by the strength of interfacial bonding between reinforcement material and cement. In this investigation, we explored the enhancement of CaCO₃ whisker reinforced cement via the grafting of a SiO₂ layer onto the CaCO₃ whisker surface using the condensation and polymerization of ethyl orthosilicate (TEOS). Characterization of the CaCO₃@SiO₂ whisker structure and surface micro-topography was conducted utilizing FTIR, XPS, AFM, and SEM techniques. Furthermore, the impact of CaCO₃@SiO₂ whisker on the mechanical properties of the cement matrix was examined, and the mechanism underlying the reinforcement of the cement matrix by CaCO₃@SiO₂ whisker, along with the micro-scale interfacial structure between CaCO₃ whisker and cement matrix, was elucidated through SEM, EDS, and BSEM analyses. The findings revealed that the SiO₂ layer grafted on CaCO₃ whisker facilitated a reaction with Ca(OH)₂, resulting in the generation of additional cement hydration products, and tightly enveloping the CaCO₃ whisker with hydration products. The crosslinking action of silicate chains led to the formation of a denser adhesion and stronger interfacial bonding between CaCO₃ whisker and cementitious matrix, thereby enhancing the mechanical properties of the cement containing CaCO₃@SiO₂ whisker.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"456 ","pages":"Article 139174"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142743319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Saturation evolution induced by suction effect in asphalt mixtures during air-water two-phase seepage","authors":"Huining Xu,&nbsp;Xinxing Bian","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139302","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139302","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The unsaturated service state of asphalt pavements caused by air-water two-phase retention and flow is the intrinsic cause of moisture damage and durability deterioration of the asphalt mixture. However, the mechanism by which matric suction, as one of the key driving forces, affects the retention and flow behavior of unsaturated asphalt mixtures has not been understood. Hence, the objectives of this study were to (1) investigate the saturation evolution induced by the suction effect in asphalt mixtures during air-water two-phase seepage and (2) clarify the characteristic relationship between equilibrium saturation and matric suction. Three different types of asphalt mixture were produced in the laboratory. An air-driven water replacement experiment with a controlled suction gradient was conducted to describe the evolution of water saturation induced by different matric suction conditions. The results showed that, at a specific suction level, the evolution of water saturation exhibited two stages: a rapid drainage phase and a dynamic stabilization phase. On this basis, a sensitivity analysis using the Friedman test revealed that the constituent materials (binder and aggregate types) contributed slightly to desaturation, while the void structure characteristic was the main factor influencing desaturation in asphalt mixtures. In a stable unsaturated state, the curve of equilibrium saturation and suction indicated that high matric suction meant low saturation and water retention capacity of the asphalt mixture. For the same matric suction, the densely graded asphalt mixtures exhibited a higher overall water retention capacity than the open-graded friction courses. For the same mixture types, the water retention capacity at high void contents exhibited a more significant sensitivity than that at a low void content. These results contribute to reasonably evaluating the unsaturated hydraulic characteristics in asphalt mixtures, and these characteristics indirectly guide the selection of asphalt pavement materials and structures in areas with frequent dry-wet cycles and freeze-thaw cycles, as well as the measures to prevent moisture damage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"456 ","pages":"Article 139302"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142743320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on gradual optimization of slurry mixture ratio for shield tunnel backfill grouting based on fuzzy mathematics","authors":"Tianyu Guo,&nbsp;Shengang Li,&nbsp;Bo Lu,&nbsp;Zhiguo Wang,&nbsp;Wenxin Cao,&nbsp;Shuangshuang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139319","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139319","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The grouting behind the shield tunnel segment is one of the key procedures in shield tunneling construction. It has a good effect in ensuring the stability of surrounding rocks, controlling the deformation of strata, and effectively inhibiting the floating of segments. The compatibility between the grouting slurry and the target stratum is the core factor affecting its function. This paper proposes a gradual optimization method that combines the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, the analytic hierarchy process, and the multiple regression analysis method. Taking the bleeding rate, setting time, 28-day compressive strength, initial fluidity, consistency, consolidation shrinkage rate, and density as evaluation indexes, this paper discusses the influence of different mixture ratios and their interactions on the comprehensive properties of the grouting slurry and determines the optimized mixture ratio of the grouting slurry. Finally, the self-developed experimental device is used to simulate the actual grouting process to verify the effectiveness of the optimization method proposed in this paper and the rationality of the optimization results. The specific values of the optimal mixture ratio of the slurry compatible with the target stratum are finally obtained as follows: water-binder ratio: 0.7, binder-sand ratio: 0.7, bentonite-water ratio: 0.23, and cement-fly ash ratio: 0.6. The optimization method proposed in this paper can provide a reference for selecting the appropriate slurry mixture ratio for strata with different engineering geological parameters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"456 ","pages":"Article 139319"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142743026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of thermal change on acoustoelastic effect in concrete","authors":"Xia Yang ,&nbsp;Weihang Gao ,&nbsp;Hongbing Chen ,&nbsp;Hong Hao ,&nbsp;Qingzhao Kong","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139306","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139306","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acoustoelastic technology, which measures changes in ultrasonic wave velocity to determine structural stress, shows significant potential for assessing stress in concrete structures. However, environmental temperature variations can affect ultrasonic wave velocity, thereby influencing the accuracy of acoustoelastic measurements. This study examines the impact of thermal changes on ultrasonic wave velocity in concrete (thermo-acoustoelastic effect) and compares it with changes caused by stress variations (classical acoustoelastic effect). Theoretical expressions for both thermal and classical acoustoelastic effects in a natural coordinate system are derived, and the sensitivity coefficients for each effect are provided. Equivalent elastic constant method is proposed for preliminary numerical analysis of both effects. Experimental investigations further explore how the thermal changes influence the classical acoustoelastic effect. Results reveal that the velocity change due to a unit temperature variation is approximately 40 % of that caused by a unit stress variation. This underscores the significant impact of temperature fluctuations on the application of classical acoustoelastic technology and highlights the need for an effective temperature compensation mechanism to ensure measurement reliability. This finding is of substantial significance for advancing acoustoelasticity-based stress detection technology in concrete structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"456 ","pages":"Article 139306"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142743217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geopolymer/zeolite-P materials prepared from high-CaO fly ash, biomass ash, and metakaolin using geopolymerization with a hydrothermal process for environmental clean-up","authors":"Chozhanathmisra Manickam ,&nbsp;Auekarn Chuwongwittaya ,&nbsp;Manunchaya Jaideekard ,&nbsp;Maneerat Thala ,&nbsp;Chanikarn Kumprom ,&nbsp;Naruemon Setthaya ,&nbsp;Kannikar Juengsuwattananon ,&nbsp;Pitiwat Wattanachai ,&nbsp;Mitsuhiro Murayama ,&nbsp;Prinya Chindaprasirt ,&nbsp;Adisak Siyasukh ,&nbsp;Kedsarin Pimraksa","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139255","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139255","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to synthesize geopolymer/zeolite-P (GP-ZP) materials as a building material for environmental clean-up. High-CaO fly ash (FA), biomass ash (BMA), and metakaolin (MK) are designed as starting materials to generate geopolymeric and zeolitic materials simultaneously through geopolymerization and zeolitization using hydrothermal treatment at only 100 °C. This study explores that CaO can be quarantined in the geopolymeric structure using SiO₂/Al₂O₃ molar ratios of 6.0 and 8.0 while at lower SiO₂/Al₂O₃ molar ratios, CaO tends to precipitate various calcium compounds. Various SiO₂/Al₂O₃, Na₂O/Al₂O₃, CaO/Al₂O₃, and CaO/SiO₂ molar ratios are investigated using different ratios of FA and BMA mixes to explore the geopolymeric binding characteristics and evaluate the types of zeolites formed. Unmilled and milled MK are also used to partly replace FA to improve the development of porous zeolite-P materials in geopolymeric matrix. Furthermore, the differences in the material characteristics obtained from the powdered and bulk materials are compared in terms of the mineralogical composition, surface morphology, specific surface area, and cation exchange capacity. The mechanical properties of the materials are also investigated to understand the relationship between the phase development and binding properties. Hydrothermal treatment improves the mechanical properties when the FA and BMA system is used with an SiO₂/Al₂O₃ ratio of 8.0, or when the FA, BMA, and MK system is used with an SiO₂/Al₂O₃ ratio of 6.0, showing the better development of geopolymeric gel composited with zeolite-P. The environmental clean-up capability is determined using powdered and bulk material dosages of 1.0 g and 10.0 g, respectively, to remove nearly 100 % of 20 mg/L methyl orange dye.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"456 ","pages":"Article 139255"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142743309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiscale study on the effect of Seashell powder on rheology, hydration and strength development of cement paste","authors":"Meng Zhou ,&nbsp;Jiongqi Chen ,&nbsp;Wenjie Huang ,&nbsp;Huiyu Chao ,&nbsp;Lan Yu ,&nbsp;Xu Ma ,&nbsp;Xiaowei Ouyang","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139257","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139257","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the potential to reduce CO₂ emissions, natural resources depletion, and the impact on the environment, Seashell powder (SP) presents a promising replacement for cement. To promote the utilization of SP in cement-based materials, a comprehensive understanding of its performance as a cement replacement is essential. This research examines the impact of SP on the rheology, hydration, microstructure and strength development of cement pastes across nano to macro scales. At the nano-scale, zeta potential tests were employed to explore the interaction between ions and SP in a simulated pore solution of cement paste. At the micro-scale, various techniques including Atomic Force Microscope, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermal gravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and mercury intrusion porosimetry were used to characterize inter-particle force, chemical composition, the morphology of hydration products, pore structure and interface properties. At the macro-scale, the impact of SP on rheological behavior, hydration heat and compressive strength of cement pastes was investigated. Results indicate that reducing inter-particle correlation forces means increasing repulsive forces between particles. However, while the electrical repulsion between SP and cement particles improves rheology, its smaller particle size and sharp edges counteract this effect. Meanwhile, the exceptional Ca²⁺ adsorption capacity of SP particles promotes the growth and adhesion of calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) on its surface, thereby enhancing the degree of cement hydration and interface strength. The addition of SP, with its small size and superior nucleation effect, refines the pore structure and contributes to the high strength of cement paste.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"456 ","pages":"Article 139257"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142743216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}