Construction and Building Materials最新文献

{"title":"Waste iron ore tailings (IOTs) in limestone calcined clay cement (LC3) composites","authors":"R.S. Krishna ,&nbsp;Subhabrata Mishra ,&nbsp;Sibangi Rath ,&nbsp;Daud Ahmad ,&nbsp;Syed Mohammed Mustakim ,&nbsp;Prabhas Chandra Beuria ,&nbsp;Cheng Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.143850","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.143850","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the compatibility and performance of thermally treated waste iron ore tailings (IOTs) at 800°C, with calcination and reduction roasting methods, as calcined clays in Limestone Calcined Clay Cement (LC3) binder system. The reduction roasting of IOTs positively impacted the properties of the LC3 mortar and paste matrix. The replacement of calcined clay in the LC3–75 and LC3–50 binder systems resulted in a 28-day compressive strength of 43.44 MPa and 40.49 MPa, respectively, compared to 34.28 MPa of commercial LC3. Characterisation results disclosed that IOT-RR contributed to the development of AFm phases and C-(A)-S-H gel, which contributed to the development of mechanical strength and pore refinement. This research investigation promotes the effective integration of mine wastes in cement production and offers a novel approach to waste valorisation and obtaining zero waste in the iron mining sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"497 ","pages":"Article 143850"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145264339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional engineered cementitious composite preparation via partial substitution of cementing material by reconstructed red mud: Physicochemical and electromagnetic wave absorption properties","authors":"Bingbing Liu ,&nbsp;Shuya Fang ,&nbsp;Peidong Yang ,&nbsp;Shengpeng Su ,&nbsp;Hu Sun ,&nbsp;Wenjuan Wang ,&nbsp;Shuzhen Yang ,&nbsp;Yanfang Huang ,&nbsp;Guihong Han","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.143946","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.143946","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electromagnetic pollution has emerged as a critical concern in contemporary environmental protection. The development of cost-effective and high-performance electromagnetic wave-absorbing building materials is a critical technology for addressing the electromagnetic pollution in architectural space. The utilization of metallurgical solid waste to produce electromagnetic wave absorbers, which serve as functional ingredients in concrete, represents a promising approach. In this study, a functional engineered cementitious composite (ECC) with superior electromagnetic wave absorption property was developed through the partial substitution of cementing materials with reconstructed red mud (RM). RM was initially reconstructed to wave-absorbing ferrite by solid-phase reaction with ferruginous manganese ore in an oxidative roasting process. The solidification behaviors and wave-absorbing properties of ECC samples with 30 % substitution of cementing material by original RM or reconstructed RM were compared. The physicochemical properties including the phase composition, microstructure, hydration degree, and electromagnetic parameters were characterized by XRD, XPS, SEM-EDS, FTIR, and VNA analyses. It’s demonstrated that the addition of RM after ferrite transformation can considerably improve the electromagnetic wave absorption property of ECC. The average reflection loss (RL) was reduced from −7.6 dB to −9.68 dB, and the minimum RL decreased from −12.83 dB to −26.49 dB as well as the effective absorption bandwidth (-10 dB) was extended from 0.53 GHz to 3.99 GHz with the addition of reconstructed RM. Moreover, its mechanical strength can satisfy the requirements of most construction applications, and the sodium in RM can be solidified after phase reconstruction, thereby posing an extremely weak risk of environmental migration. The possible wave absorption mechanisms of functional ECC, including the magnetic loss, the porous resonance, and the dielectric loss, were discussed. This study offers an alternative application pathway for hazardous RM in the development of high-value functional engineered cementitious composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"497 ","pages":"Article 143946"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145264341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life cycle environmental impact of flexural steel reinforced concrete beams under the coupled degradation of crack development and steel corrosion attack using a stochastic approach","authors":"Xiaoxu Huang ,&nbsp;Zichun Huang ,&nbsp;Yao Luan ,&nbsp;Tiao Wang ,&nbsp;Yulei Bai ,&nbsp;Vinh Dao ,&nbsp;Peng Liao ,&nbsp;Yingwu Zhou ,&nbsp;Ahmed Youssef ,&nbsp;Januarti Jaya Ekaputri","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.143827","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.143827","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chloride-induced corrosion poses a serious threat to steel-reinforced concrete (RC) elements, increasing life cycle environmental impacts (LCEI) through frequent maintenance and replacement. This study develops a stochastic framework that integrates reliability analysis with life cycle assessment to quantify the LCEI of flexural RC beams under coupled degradation resulting from steel corrosion and the development of mechanically induced cracks. Results demonstrate that neglecting this coupled degradation significantly underestimates LCEI. This study shows that higher traffic loads accelerate deterioration and increase environmental impacts, whereas supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) reduce LCEI in proportion to their ability to bind penetrating chlorides. Furthermore, combining SCMs with hydrophobic surface treatments delays chloride ingress and reinforcement corrosion, yielding additional LCEI savings. Finally, this study assesses the effect of safety margins on LCEI, offering guidance for design optimization based on structural criticality. This framework provides a robust tool for enhancing the sustainability and performance of RC flexural elements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"497 ","pages":"Article 143827"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145264267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic hydrophobicity and surface reconstruction mechanism of self-cleaning traffic marking coatings incorporating modified TiO2 nanoparticles","authors":"Hao Wu,&nbsp;Xiaosong Lu,&nbsp;Zetong Feng,&nbsp;Rui He","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.143876","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.143876","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traffic markings are susceptible to environmental pollution and erosion during the service life, leading to sharp decline of visual guidance effectiveness. To address this issue, a self-cleaning traffic marking incorporating modified nano-TiO₂ is developed in this study. Surface grafting modification of nano-TiO₂ is achieved using hexadecyltrimethoxysilane and titanate coupling agents, respectively. Experimental studies demonstrated that the coupling agent modification significantly improve the dispersibility of nano-TiO₂, increasing the coating's water contact angle (WCA) to 125° while exhibiting excellent photocatalytic degradation capability for organic pollutants. Artificial accelerated UV aging test and long-term water resistance test demonstrate that the marking coating exhibited excellent weather resistance. Meanwhile, chemical resistance test and abrasion resistance test confirm that the coating combines chemical stability with high abrasion resistance. Collectively, these test results reveal that the coating possesses outstanding durability. Further research reveal that UV irradiation and mechanical abrasion synergistically reconstruct the micro and nano structure of coating surface, forming a dynamic hydrophobic enhancement mechanism. The WCAs after single UV irradiation or mechanical abrasion are 140° and 138°, respectively, while the combined mechanical abrasion and UV irradiation increase WCA to 160°. This phenomenon confirms that the coating possesses self-enhancing characteristics during service, continuously maintaining the visual guidance function of traffic marking by improving pollutant removal efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"497 ","pages":"Article 143876"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145264264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rheological properties of sustainable alkali-activated mortars containing soda residue: Mechanisms of soda residue influence and engineering applicability","authors":"Pengyuan Lu ,&nbsp;Yekai Yang ,&nbsp;Li Wang ,&nbsp;Qingxin Zhao ,&nbsp;Zhongxian Liu ,&nbsp;Chengqing Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.143964","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.143964","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study developed a sustainable activation system using soda residue (SR) as the main activator, combined with Na₂SiO₃ (NS) and NaOH (NH). By adjusting the activator content and component ratio, the rheological properties of the alkaline-activated mortar were studied. The study primarily discusses the influence mechanism of SR and the mortar's applicability in different types of concrete. Microscopic analysis showed that hydration products like C/N-A-S-H gel enhance the mortar's internal structure, directly affecting its rheological behavior. Static yield stress (τ_s) increased with activator content, rising by 54.65 % when the ratio of NS:SR:NH= 1:1:1, from A10 to A25. Dynamic yield stress (τ_d) generally increased with the increase in activator content, peaking at 353.81 Pa for A20–121. However, a high NH ratio (A25–112) decreased τ_d due to excess OH^-. The minimum plastic viscosity (μ) was 18.19 Pa·s, higher than cement mortar's 10.53 Pa·s, mainly due to the high viscosity of the activators. The study also found that a high SR content (A20–121) leads to excessive dryness in the mortar, while a high NS content (A20–211) leads to rapid setting, emphasizing the need to balance activator ratios for optimal performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"497 ","pages":"Article 143964"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145264340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance optimization and carbon reduction potential of bamboo biochar fine aggregates for sustainable geopolymer mortars","authors":"Yuxin Wang ,&nbsp;Koji Takasu ,&nbsp;Qiannan Zhao ,&nbsp;Koji Harada ,&nbsp;Zihao Liu ,&nbsp;Hiroki Suyama","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.143905","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.143905","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluated the feasibility of using bamboo biochar as a fine aggregate in geopolymer mortar and investigated its combined effects on workability, mechanical strength, drying shrinkage, pore structure, and carbon emissions. Bamboo biochar was used to replace sea sand at rates of 5 %, 10 %, and 15 %, and a pretreatment method combining humidity conditioning with fly ash coating was applied to enhance aggregate performance. Results indicated that untreated bamboo biochar reduced mortar flowability and compressive strength while increasing drying shrinkage with higher replacement levels. After pretreatment, fine particles exhibited improved interfacial bonding and dispersion, with flowability increasing by up to 25 %, while the compressive strength of MT#100 at 10 % replacement remained about 16 % lower than the control mix. The pore structure was densified, and some biochar pores were filled with gel products. Life cycle assessment revealed that the 5 % replacement mix (MBC-5 %) offered the most balanced performance. It reduced the global warming potential by about 28 %, while keeping cumulative energy demand increased below 8 %. The study shows that through simple material optimization, bamboo biochar can be effectively integrated into geopolymer systems, reinforcing their potential for sustainable and low-carbon construction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"497 ","pages":"Article 143905"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145264473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tea polyphenol as a bio-admixture: A strategy for performance enhancement in alkali-activated slag","authors":"Cheng Wang,&nbsp;Liheng Zhang,&nbsp;Ru Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.143959","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.143959","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The fast hydration rate resulting in the rapid hardening and workability loss is one of the critical challenges to the large-scale engineering application of alkali-activated slag (AAS). In this regard, this study innovatively introduces tea polyphenol (TP) as a bio-admixture to regulate the hydration process and mechanical performance of AAS. The work mechanisms of TP on AAS were confirmed through a series of experimental methods, including total organic carbon (TOC), low-field ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance (LF NMR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal gravimetric analyzer (TGA), inductively coupled plasma photoemission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and nanoindentation (NI). The results reveal that TP effectively retards the early hydration process of AAS by decreasing pH in the pore solution and inhibiting the precipitation of hydration products. The initial and final setting times of AAS are extended from 1.25 h to 12.53 h and from 3.88 h to 20.00 h, respectively. Additionally, TP optimizes the rheological properties and increases the workability retention of AAS, which is attributed to limiting the consumption of capillary water and the formation of surface water. TP exhibits an accelerating effect on the formation of Hydrotalcite (Ht) at 3 d. The large capillary pore of AAS was restricted. Such a result leads to a 4.8 %-27.9 % increase in compressive strength at 3 d. Moreover, TP comprehensively enhances the hydration process and refines the pore structure of AAS at later ages. Consequently, the compressive strength of AAS is improved by 39.8 % and the average elastic modulus of the paste is strengthened by 12.22 % at 28 d. Moreover, A blending ratio below 0.30 % TP can suppress the later-stage shrinkage of AAS. These findings highlight the capacity of TP to enhance the performance of AAS, providing a theoretical foundation for the development of novel bio-based concrete admixture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"497 ","pages":"Article 143959"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145264417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural behavior of sustainable recycled aggregate concrete beams","authors":"Fernanda de Andrade Salgado,&nbsp;Flávio de Andrade Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.143938","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.143938","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Construction and Demolition Waste management remains a global challenge, with improper disposal leading to environmental contamination and health hazards. The use of recycled aggregates from Construction and Demolition Waste offers a promising solution, yet its utilization in structural concrete is hindered by regulatory constraints and lack of understanding of its structural performance. This paper investigates the structural behavior of mixed recycled concrete beams shedding light on the viability of using mixed recycled aggregates in structural concrete, thus enhancing sustainable construction practices. The Compressible Packing Model was used to design recycled aggregate concretes (C30 and C50) with 20 %, 50 %, and 100 % mixed recycled aggregates. The results showed that even 100 % replacement of natural aggregate with mixed recycled aggregate had no significant impact on the fresh and hardened properties of concrete. It also confirmed that the Compressible Packing Model is effective for designing mixed recycled aggregate concretes up to strength class C50. Furthermore, flexural tests on short reinforced concrete beams containing up to 15 % ceramic fragments showed no significant difference compared to conventional concrete beams.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"497 ","pages":"Article 143938"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145264477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A non-equilibrium thermodynamic model for unfrozen liquid content of saline porous media exposed to freeze-thaw cycles","authors":"Wenxiang Xu ,&nbsp;Li Wang ,&nbsp;Jinzhi Ouyang ,&nbsp;Fangyu Han ,&nbsp;Weiqi Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.143961","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.143961","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate prediction of unfrozen liquid content in saline porous media is essential for assessing the freeze–thaw durability of construction materials in cold and saline environments. This study proposes a non-equilibrium thermodynamic model that couples salinity, pore structure, and temperature to characterize the freezing–thawing characteristic curve (FTCC). This model incorporates a chemical potential imbalance formulation to capture rate-dependent phase transitions and recovers the classical equilibrium model as a limiting case under quasi-static conditions. Extensive validation against experimental data for various porous materials demonstrates the model’s ability to reproduce freezing-point depression, delayed ice formation, and freeze–thaw hysteresis. Parametric analyses further reveal the dominant influence of salt concentration, pore geometry, and contact angle on ice–liquid phase behavior. The non-equilibrium model captures delayed phase transitions and freeze–thaw hysteresis under rapid cooling, whereas the equilibrium model remains applicable for quasi-static conditions due to its simplicity. The proposed model provides a thermodynamic basis for investigating frost damage in construction materials exposed to cold regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"497 ","pages":"Article 143961"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145263777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on quantitative detection method of internal rebar stresses in RC beams under cyclic loading based on force-magnetic coupling optimization model","authors":"Hong Zhang ,&nbsp;Kai Tong ,&nbsp;Yujie Zhang ,&nbsp;Yinghao Qu ,&nbsp;Jianting Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.143930","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.143930","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To achieve non-destructive quantitative diagnosis of steel stress inside the structure, a bending loading experiment was conducted on RC beams under cyclic loading. The normal and tangential magnetic field parameters <em>C</em>_<em>σx</em> and <em>C</em>_<em>σy</em> are introduced. The evolution pattern of the force-magnetic coupling relationship is investigated. Research results: The correlation between dislocations in the microstructure of steel bar and magnetic domain displacement has been clarified. An optimized model of the force-magnetic relationship under cyclic loading has been established, precisely describing the variation characteristics of magnetization intensity with stress strength. The increase in cyclic loading promotes the stable development of the magnetic induction intensity <em>B</em>_<em>x</em> and <em>B</em>_<em>y</em> curves. The magnetic intensity of the steel bar exhibits asynchronous variation with stress intensity, leading to an inverted characteristic change in the magnetic field curves. The parameter <em>C</em>_<em>σy</em> corresponds to the stress level of the steel bar. The parameter <em>C</em>_<em>σx</em> exhibits a linear positive correlation with the rebar stress. Accordingly, stage-based diagnostic criteria and quantitative relationships for stress are proposed. A comprehensive method for quantifying the stress state of steel bars based on two-dimensional eigenvalues has been established.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":288,"journal":{"name":"Construction and Building Materials","volume":"497 ","pages":"Article 143930"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145264266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}