Shengkang Zhang , Soon Poh Yap , Shiyuan Li , Haoyun Fan , Ahmed El-Shafie , Zainah Ibrahim , Amr El-Dieb
{"title":"Metaheuristic-based prediction of flexural strength and dual-objective optimization for circular concrete-filled steel tubes","authors":"Shengkang Zhang , Soon Poh Yap , Shiyuan Li , Haoyun Fan , Ahmed El-Shafie , Zainah Ibrahim , Amr El-Dieb","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119464","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119464","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) structures are extensively used in high-rise buildings, bridges, and subway stations due to their superior mechanical properties. However, accurately predicting their flexural strength capacity (<em>M<sub>u</sub></em>) remains challenging, as traditional empirical models and design codes fail to capture the complex nonlinear interactions between steel and concrete, leading to significant errors. To address this limitation, an advanced Jellyfish Search Optimizer (JSO)-enhanced XGBoost model is proposed, significantly improving <em>M<sub>u</sub></em> prediction accuracy. The model achieves R<sup>2</sup> = 0.9986 and RMSE = 5.81 kNm on the test set, demonstrating outstanding predictive performance. Moreover, Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) and Partial Dependence Plots (PDP) enhance model interpretability by revealing feature importance and interactions. Additionally, comparisons with AISC, Eurocode 4, and Han’s Equation confirm its superiority. Furthermore, a user-friendly graphical user interface (GUI) is developed to enable real-time <em>M<sub>u</sub></em> predictions, facilitating practical engineering applications. Finally, the Non-Dominated Genetic Sorting algorithm II (NSGA-II) was employed for dual-objective optimization, successfully balancing <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>M</mi><mi>u</mi></msub></mrow></math></span> and material cost (<em>C<sub>total</sub></em>) of CFST.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"371 ","pages":"Article 119464"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144571345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A modification method of Hashin failure criteria considering multiaxial coupling effect for unidirectional composites","authors":"Jiongyao Shen , Junhua Guo , Huabing Wen , Chun Guo , Yifan Zhang , Weidong Wen , Wantao Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119453","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119453","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Hashin failure criteria is widely used for failure assessment in composites, but long-term engineering application experience shows that the criteria are not sufficiently accurate for failure determination under multiaxial stress states, especially in cases involving combined longitudinal and transverse stresses. In this work, the coefficients of the uncoupled terms under different stress states are determined from the general stress failure function by comparing with the original Hashin criteria. Furthermore, the current popular assumption of infinite transverse hydrostatic compressive strength is discarded, and the differential failure modes of simultaneous increase in absolute values of triaxial stresses at different anisotropic strength of composites are considered, which in turn leads to the construction of a computational model for the multiaxial coupling coefficients, and these coefficients are solved in some special stress states. Subsequently, experimental data from existing literatures are used to validate the original and modified Hashin criteria, followed by an evaluation of the basic mechanical parameters for the modified Hashin criteria. The results indicate that, the modified Hashin criteria show only a marginal improvement in predicting off-axis strength, while the accuracy of biaxial and multiaxial failure envelope predictions is significantly higher compared to the original criteria. Therefore, the modified Hashin criteria provides a more precise approach for the composite structural design, offering significant theoretical and practical value.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"371 ","pages":"Article 119453"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144571441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paolo Zampieri , Riccardo Piazzon , Bartolomeo Pantò
{"title":"A simplified modelling strategy for FRCM-strengthened masonry panels subjected to the in-plane loading","authors":"Paolo Zampieri , Riccardo Piazzon , Bartolomeo Pantò","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119452","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119452","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper applies the discrete macro-element method (DMEM) to validate a simplified modelling strategy for the nonlinear in-plane response of masonry panels strengthened by Fabric Reinforced Cementitious Matrix (FRCM) systems. Following the general DMEM strategy, the presence of continuous strengthening fibre-reinforced composite layers applied on the external faces of the masonry wall has been described using 1D nonlinear links simulating the tensile failure of the reinforcement and its shear-delamination from the masonry substrate. Specifically, the masonry element and the FRCM layers have been simulated considering an equivalent homogeneous continuum material, discretised using a regular mesh of elastic-shear-deformable discrete elements interacting along their rigid edges through nonlinear discrete interfaces. The numerical analyses were conducted using the OpenSees software platform by simulating the experimental diagonal compression tests available in the literature. The results of the analyses are presented in terms of stress–strain curves, failure mechanisms and stress contours. The comparisons with the experimental observations have evidenced the capability of the adopted simplified modelling strategy to accurately predict the nonlinear and ultimate behaviour of masonry panels strengthened by FRMC systems with a potential limited computational burden.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"371 ","pages":"Article 119452"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144604161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Self-supporting robust lattice optimization for material extrusion additive manufacturing","authors":"Recep M. Gorguluarslan, Yusuf Yamaner","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119470","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119470","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A lattice optimization procedure is proposed that enables the fabrication of self-supporting topologies via additive manufacturing, while accounting for uncertainties introduced during additive manufacturing through a two-step optimization process. The first step is lattice layout optimization, which removes the strut members with near-zero diameters from an initial topology generated using a newly introduced lattice cell configuration for the purpose of supporting each strut. A support algorithm is developed that identifies strut joints requiring support in the optimized topology. The struts removed from the topology are selectively reintroduced at joints where support is needed to ensure self-supporting structure fabrication. Unlike existing lattice optimization procedures that typically account for uncertainties related to material properties or loading conditions, the proposed procedure also incorporates uncertainties in design variables, specifically, the diameters of struts, into a robust optimization process in the second step. Robust optimization is performed using neural networks trained to predict the as-fabricated strut diameters and material properties based on deterministic design variables. The applicability of the proposed procedure was demonstrated for the material extrusion technique using benchmark examples. The optimized designs were fabricated and tested to verify the effectiveness of the proposed procedure in producing self-supporting structures with improved prediction accuracy under fabrication-induced uncertainties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"371 ","pages":"Article 119470"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144571115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ben Wang , Qihui Lyu , Zhipeng Liang , Lanlan Jiang , Biao Wang
{"title":"Damage behavior and residual compressive strength of Carbon/Glass bionic spiral composites under multiple low-velocity impacts","authors":"Ben Wang , Qihui Lyu , Zhipeng Liang , Lanlan Jiang , Biao Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119455","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119455","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Based on the concept of bionic design, crossed-spiral structural composites with varying proportions of carbon fiber and glass fiber plies are constructed and fabricated. Through drop-weight impact testing, CAI (Compression After Impact) testing, ultrasonic C-scan and X-ray CT scanning, the damage mechanism and residual compressive strength of four crossed-spiral laminates under 1, 3 and 5 impacts with 15 J/times are characterized. Then, combining the experimental results, an integrated “single impact-multiple impacts-CAI testing” finite element model of carbon/glass bionic composite laminates is established and validated. On this basis, the configurations of bionic carbon/glass composite laminates with different ply sequences and spiral angles are investigated. The results indicate that for the impact resistance and damage tolerance of carbon/glass bionic composite laminates, the ply ratio and spiral angle have more significant effects than the ply sequence. Additionally, only by considering both the biomimetic crossed-spiral angle and the ply configuration on the impact side can the performance of the laminate be optimized to its fullest potential. The study findings can provide valuable guidance for the biomimetic design of composite structures with ultra-lightweight, multi-impact resistance, and high damage tolerance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"371 ","pages":"Article 119455"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144571440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mengyue He , Minghua Wang , Di Wu , Yue Wang , Xinlin Qing , Yishou Wang
{"title":"CFRP composite fatigue damage pattern recognition using ultrasonic guided waves","authors":"Mengyue He , Minghua Wang , Di Wu , Yue Wang , Xinlin Qing , Yishou Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119459","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119459","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The damage patterns of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites are various and evolutionary with the increase of service life. With the development of condition-based maintenance and digital twins for aerospace composite structures, it is particularly important to recognize damage patterns online. The traditional acoustic emission technology commonly used for damage pattern recognition has some limitations, such as passive monitoring, and large amounts of data. In this paper, a new ultrasonic guided wave-based two-stage method integrated with similarity measurement and improved Fuzzy C-means clustering is presented to recognize fatigue damage patterns of CFRP laminates. The entire damage pattern recognition process was conducted in two stages. In Stage I, the dominant fatigue damage modes are firstly identified by the sequence similarity of guided wave envelope signals measured in different fatigue periods. The similarity of waveform shapes is analyzed and obtained by dynamic time warping. By exploring similarity curves under different measurement strategies, the evolution trend of dominant fatigue damage was characterized. In Stage II, an improved Fuzzy C-means clustering method is proposed to solve the mixing characteristics of guided waves under the coexistence of multiple damage modes. Furthermore, a cumulative membership degree indicator is presented to inversely predict the evolution trend of fatigue damage patterns. Compared with the pattern recognition results by acoustic emission, it is shown that the proposed method can effectively identify the fatigue damage mode of CFRP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"371 ","pages":"Article 119459"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144563254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F.P. Ewolo Ngak , G.E. Ntamack , L. Azrar , K. Alnefaie
{"title":"Static behavior of multilayered magneto-electro-elastic doubly curved spherical shells: A new analytical 3D solution","authors":"F.P. Ewolo Ngak , G.E. Ntamack , L. Azrar , K. Alnefaie","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119457","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119457","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper a new formalism generalizing the well-known Stroh formalism is developed to predict the static response of multilayered magneto-electro-elastic (MEE) doubly curved spherical shells under simply supported lateral edges boundary conditions. The proposed approach can be reduced to the multilayered straight plate approach by tending the curvature radius to infinity and using the Taylor’s series expansion. The solution is derived in each layer of the shell and the eigenvalues and eigen vectors problem are then obtained. After solving the resulting eigenvalues and eigen vectors problem, the solution is propagated from the bottom layer to the top layer of the multilayered shell utilizing the elaborated propagator matrix method. Several benchmarks’ results have been carried out using the piezoelectric (PE) material BaTiO<sub>3</sub> and piezomagnetic (PM) material CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>. According to those results, the stacking sequences and the kind of loading widely influence the bending responses of the multilayered MEE spherical shells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"371 ","pages":"Article 119457"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144679381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Interphase model for computational homogenization of short fibers reinforced composites with imperfect interfaces","authors":"Xingshuai Zheng, Dabiao Lu, Jixing Zhou, Yu'ang Zhang, Huan Liu, Pingmei Ming, Shen Niu, Ge Qin","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119456","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119456","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper predicts the effective elastic properties of short fiber reinforced composites with imperfect interfaces by the Finite Element (FE) homogenization method. The imperfect interfaces between the fibers and matrix are modeled as thin interphases. A Representative Volume Element (RVE) consisting of the fibers, matrix and interphases, is constructed by the modified Random Sequential Absorption (RSA) algorithm. The simulation results validate that the interphase model combined with the FE homogenization approach, can reliably assess the effective elastic properties of short fiber reinforced composites with imperfect interfaces. Meanwhile, the interphase model can accurately approximate the Linear Spring Model (LSM) and Interface Stress Model (ISM), respectively, in a specific range of the elastic modulus ratio. The influence of the interphase Poisson’s ratio on the overall elastic properties of composites is neglectable. Furthermore, the influence of the interphase elastic modulus and shear modulus on the effective elastic properties of composites becomes more pronounced as the interphase thickens from 50 nm to 500 nm. This paper provides a straightforward and practical method for predicting the effective elastic properties of short fiber reinforced composites with imperfect interfaces.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"371 ","pages":"Article 119456"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144571114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Huijing Gao, Yisen Liu, Qianbing Tan, Yanni Rao, Yong Peng, Kui Wang
{"title":"Assembled suture multi-cell structures with enhanced interlocking and tailored energy absorption","authors":"Huijing Gao, Yisen Liu, Qianbing Tan, Yanni Rao, Yong Peng, Kui Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119467","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119467","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the suture structure was designed as the connection joint to improve mechanical interlocking capability and crashworthiness of assembled multi-cell structures. The failure mechanisms and mechanical properties of three suture interfaces were investigated by tensile tests. The suture interface with the best mechanical properties was selected as the connection joint for assembled multi-cell tubes. Quasi-static compression experiments showed that the multi-cell tube assembled with suture joints exhibited high synergy and effectively avoided the risk of tube splashing during compression. The specific energy absorption and crushing force efficiency of the assembled four-cell tube were increased by 65.8 % and 49.9 % compared to corresponding discrete tube, respectively. Based on the simplified super folding element theory and taking into account the variations in folding elements caused by suture joints, a theoretical model was established to predict the mean crushing force of assembled suture n × n-cell tube. The theoretical predictions were in good agreement with experimental studies. This study offered the potential for energy absorbers to on-demand customize their dimensions and crashworthiness to adapt to various collision environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"371 ","pages":"Article 119467"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144571439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zheng Li , Ziping Lei , Zhaijun Lu , Jiefu Liu , Feng Gao , Hao Di
{"title":"Investigations on the failure mechanism of UHPC- aluminum honeycomb sandwich beams under three-point bending","authors":"Zheng Li , Ziping Lei , Zhaijun Lu , Jiefu Liu , Feng Gao , Hao Di","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119431","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119431","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To broaden the application of lightweight honeycomb-like structures in civil engineering, this study presents a novel sandwich structure composed of Ultra-High-Performance Concrete (UHPC) face sheets and an aluminum honeycomb core. This study investigates the flexural behavior of UHPC-aluminum honeycomb sandwich beams under three-point bending to elucidate the loading capacity and failure mechanisms. Results reveal that the proposed UHPC-honeycomb sandwich construction exhibits significantly enhanced load-bearing capacity and bending stiffness compared to solid UHPC beams of equivalent mass. this research elucidates the influence of the face sheet-core strength ratio on the resulting failure mode. A high face sheet-core strength ratio promotes local buckling failure, while a low ratio leads to bending failure. An Optimal strength ratio facilitates shear failure, maximizing the structure’s energy absorption capability.Finally, the comparison on different interface connections, shear studs and adhesive bonding, in terms of failure performance is also investigated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"371 ","pages":"Article 119431"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144571113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}