Composite Structures最新文献

{"title":"Direct prediction of mechanical energy released by damaged single lap joints using acoustic emission signals combined with finite element analysis","authors":"Thomas Wolfsgruber,&nbsp;Lukas Heinzlmeier,&nbsp;Martin Schagerl","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119989","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119989","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adhesively bonded single lap joints are common structures in lightweight design. Despite several advantages, damage initiation and propagation are critical and can be evaluated with structural health monitoring methods. This research combines analytical models and finite element analyses (FEAs) with acoustic emission (AE) measurements to predict the released mechanical energy (RME) during damage evolution.</div><div>Two geometries, either with both adherends of constant thickness or with one constant and one tapered adherend, are evaluated. One adherend consists of carbon fibre reinforced polymer, the other one of additively manufactured titanium. The work input during quasi-static loading for the overlap region is calculated based on the longitudinal load and displacement, and based on the longitudinal, lateral, and bending components. For the calculation of the RME, pristine and damaged load–displacement curves are compared. The pristine trends are represented by the extrapolation of an experiment, or an analytical model, or a FEA without failure model. Whereas, the damaged trends are either given by the experimental measurements or a FEA with included failure model. Furthermore, the RME can also be gathered directly from the FEA with failure model. By linking the AE energy with the RME, the RME of a validation sample can be predicted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"381 ","pages":"Article 119989"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145974931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal-Oxidative degradation Pathways and lifetime prediction of F881 GFRP: A Multiscale analysis of failure criteria","authors":"Huilong Wan ,&nbsp;Yadong Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhengyang Yuan ,&nbsp;Yiran Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120076","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120076","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>F881 glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) is widely used in coil encapsulation due to its excellent insulation and mechanical properties. However, prolonged exposure to elevated temperatures (up to 150°C) leads to material failure. To elucidate the thermal-oxidative degradation mechanisms, thermal-oxidative aging (TOA) experiments were conducted at 110°C, 130°C, and 150°C for 24–648 h. Multiscale characterization techniques revealed that during TOA, the specimens exhibited progressively severe surface degradation; the weakening of O–H peaks suggested material degradation; the enhanced C=O peaks confirmed oxidative degradation; the reduced C-O peaks demonstrated thermal degradation of the epoxy resin; and the attenuated Si-O peaks indicated interfacial damage. These mechanisms collectively constitute the fundamental causes of mass loss and mechanical strength reduction in F881 GFRP. A 50% reduction in impact strength was identified as the optimal failure criterion, and a lifetime prediction model was established. The predicted service life of F881 GFRP is 453 days at 110°C, 279 days at 130°C, and 179 days at 150°C. These findings provide important insights into the TOA mechanisms and lifetime prediction of GFRP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"381 ","pages":"Article 120076"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146035198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural characterisation and failure mechanisms of high-performance marine stringers in out-of-plane bending loads","authors":"Connor Pearson ,&nbsp;Mark Battley ,&nbsp;John Little ,&nbsp;Guillaume Verdier ,&nbsp;Tom Allen","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hat stringers are structural components that stiffen and strengthen composite hull panels of high-performance racing yachts. The failure mechanisms of stringer structures are complex, and the relationships between geometric parameters and failure modes are not well understood. This is due to a lack of experimental validation resulting from the cost and complexity in experimentally testing as-designed and in-service load cases. This leads to the reliance on experiential knowledge and coupon data. Experiments based on a 3-point bend provide an alternate method to the testing of full panels to determine structural behaviour and failure mechanisms This can be used to validate designs and better inform design choices. In this work, the structural performance of shear- and bending-dominated marine omega stringer structures are characterised experimentally and numerically under 3-point bending to understand strain states under load, failure mechanisms, and the validity of coupon data when designing complex composite structures. Strain state predictions from the numerical model are well-validated at proof loads, while comparisons at failure are complicated by stochastic laminate defects, geometric features, and discrepancies in predicting based on coupon data. The results of this study highlight the differences between as-designed and actual strengths in marine stringer structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"381 ","pages":"Article 120054"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145974440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tunable topological edge states of Rayleigh waves in composite piezoelectric half-space","authors":"Chengjun Sha ,&nbsp;Zheng Wu ,&nbsp;Shixuan Shao ,&nbsp;Jiyue Chen ,&nbsp;Mehrdad Negahban ,&nbsp;Zheng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.120027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.120027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Topological insulators (TIs) have shown great potential in the manipulation of elastic wave propagation with defect immune characteristics. In this paper, a composite piezoelectric half-space is designed by covering piezoelectric patch arrays with shunt negative capacitance circuits on the surface. By tuning the negative capacitance circuits, one can easily manipulate the topological edge states of Rayleigh waves in half-space. Based on the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) model and the valley Hall effect, topological edge states of Rayleigh waves are obtained in one-dimensional and two-dimensional piezoelectric patch arrays attached on half-spaces. This allows energy concentration and facilitates the design of tailored concentration paths for Rayleigh waves. A universal design is proposed for topologically protected Rayleigh waveguides, which is further used to achieve straight-line, L-shaped and Z-shaped waveguides. This study not only propels advancements in the field of elastic wave control, but also enables the practical application of tunable topological edge states in the fabrication of smart devices, thereby addressing complex real-world engineering challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"381 ","pages":"Article 120027"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145923687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laser-textured polymer-metal bonding: A combined experimental and computational approach to enhanced mechanical bond strength","authors":"O.A. Taqatqa ,&nbsp;Omar Al Osman ,&nbsp;Maen Alkhader ,&nbsp;Wael Abuzaid ,&nbsp;Ali S. Alnaser","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polymer–metal interfaces play a key role in many sectors, including aerospace, biomedical, energy, and electronics. Their use has grown with the increased utilization of fiber-reinforced composites, soft polymers, and thin films. Strong interfaces are essential to reliable performance. Unlike adhesives or conventional joining, micro-interlocking provides strength without relying on temperature-sensitive materials. This study uses laser surface texturing to bond acrylic to Al-7075. A nanosecond laser is used to create a texture with a square pattern on the Al-7075 substrate to promote interlocking and bonding with acrylic. Experiments were used to characterize the strength of the developed bond under shear loading. A Finite Element model was developed and utilized to provide insights into the stress distribution in the interlocked phases and to investigate the effects of polymeric infills and laser-induced microstructures. Experiments and simulations were conducted to investigate the effect of four pattern spacings, namely 0.5 mm, 0.75 mm, 1 mm, and 1.5 mm. Results showed that reducing groove spacing considerably increases the bond strength. A maximum bond strength of 27 MPa was achieved. The combined experimental and computational study confirms that nanosecond laser-based texturing can develop interlocking-based bonds with strengths comparable to those of commercial epoxies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"381 ","pages":"Article 120038"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145974933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Finite element modeling and crushing energy absorption analysis of AA6063/CFRP hybrid thin-walled tube subjected to quasi-static load","authors":"Shenhua Li ,&nbsp;Jinheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Lihao Hou ,&nbsp;Feng Xiong","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120058","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120058","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>AA6063/CFRP hybrid thin-walled tube represents a novel lightweight structural configuration characterized by high energy absorption efficiency and broad application scenarios. However, the numerical simulation methods and crushing energy absorption mechanisms for AA6063/CFRP hybrid thin-walled tubes remain in the exploratory phase. Consequently, this study focuses on finite element modeling and the crushing energy absorption characteristics of AA6063/CFRP hybrid thin-walled tubes subjected to quasi-static load. The main contributions and innovations of this paper are as follows: ① A finite element modeling strategy for AA6063/CFRP hybrid structures was proposed, leading to the development of a best fit simulation model for the hybrid thin-walled tube, achieving numerical simulation errors of less than <strong>1 %</strong> for all five crashworthiness performance metrics；② Research findings reveal that AA6063/CFRP hybrid thin-walled tubes exhibit a competitive energy absorption mechanism between dissimilar materials under axial compressive loading, where an optimal cross-sectional design can fully activate the potential of this competitive energy absorption within the hybrid tubes；③ Under multi-angle oblique compressive loading, multi-cell AA6063/CFRP hybrid thin-walled tubes demonstrate a coupled enhancement effect, within the oblique pressure range of [0°, 35°], the maximum energy absorption enhancement ratio reached <strong>21.05</strong> <strong>%</strong>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"381 ","pages":"Article 120058"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145974447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intelligent design of the bonded patch repairs for damaged composite laminates via conditional generative models","authors":"Ziyi Li ,&nbsp;Qingfeng Wang ,&nbsp;Liyong Jia ,&nbsp;Yushu Li ,&nbsp;Yilun Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.120033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.120033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bonded patch repair is a rapid and cost-effective technique for repairing the local damage of composite laminates. However, determining the repair solution is ‌usually time-consuming and relies on the experience of engineers due to the complex relations among an extensive set of parameters, like damage states, patch configurations, adhesive layers, repair performance, and lightweight demands. In this work, an intelligent design method integrating the conditional variational autoencoder-generative adversarial network is developed to autonomously generate repair solutions for damaged laminates under tension, compression, or both. Given the geometry and layup of damaged laminates, material properties of both adhesive layers and patches, our method can directly generate geometric parameters and layup of patches and adhesive thicknesses that meet the repair performance and lightweight demands under tension or compression. In addition, the balanced solutions for the damaged laminates under mixed compression and tension are also provided through additional criteria screening and overall repair performance evaluation. Initial and ultimate failure strains of the repaired laminates are calculated by the finite element method, showing the validity of the generated repair solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"381 ","pages":"Article 120033"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145903995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Penalty-contact-driven nonlinearity in the eigenstructure of laminated plates","authors":"Swarup K. Barman,&nbsp;Azam Arefi","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a unified numerical framework for delamination modeling that couples a 3D degenerated shell formulation with a sub-laminate representation of delaminated regions and a penalty-based normal contact (frictionless) law enforced at paired interface nodes. The free vibration eigenproblem augments global stiffness with contact contributions and is solved iteratively with an adaptive penalty update to suppress interpenetration of sub-laminates while ensuring numerical stability and convergence. The framework enables efficient quantification of contact induced nonlinearity in composite plates using frequency- and mode shape-based indicators together with plate level spatial maps. Validation against published results shows good agreement. A parametric study covering 54 single-interface configurations (spanning layup, boundary condition, delamination size, and in-plane location) and two multi-interface case studies demonstrates the method’s performance and robustness. Enforcing contact eliminates interpenetration and suppresses spurious local modes present in no-contact models. Contact nonlinearity alters both spectrum and shapes, with effects that increase with mode number; mode shapes are generally more sensitive than frequencies, and sensitivity is governed more by damage size than by in-plane location. The study provides a useful reference for model-updating or digital-twin frameworks, where understanding contact-sensitive modal behavior is essential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"381 ","pages":"Article 120037"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145923688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recognition and quantification of polymorphic wrinkles based on FR-GAN in resin-based composite blade","authors":"Jianxing Mao ,&nbsp;Xiaoqi Wu ,&nbsp;Wulin Si ,&nbsp;Xiaojie Zhang ,&nbsp;Jinchao Pan ,&nbsp;Chao Wu ,&nbsp;Dianyin Hu ,&nbsp;Rongqiao Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.120031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.120031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wrinkle defects in carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite blades, especially in dovetail regions, exhibit complex polymorphic morphologies that impair structural performance. However, conventional non-destructive testing and image-based detection methods struggle to accurately recognize and quantify such defects due to data scarcity, segmentation discontinuities and the lack of robust geometric evaluation tools. To overcome these limitations, this study proposes a novel framework based on a fiber-reconstruction generative adversarial network (FR-GAN) for the intelligent recognition and quantification of polymorphic wrinkles in CFRP dovetails. The method introduces a high-quality and annotated dataset focused on dovetail-region wrinkle morphologies. It then establishes an FR-GAN to restore the segmentation results. FR-GAN reconstructs continuous fiber structures via orientation-aware modeling. It also incorporates a quantification strategy combining connected component analysis with Piecewise Cubic Hermite Interpolating Polynomial (PCHIP) curve fitting for accurate geometric evaluation. Results indicate the method achieves an average mean Intersection over Union (mIoU) of 89.25% and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 8.8680 on the validation set, while FR-GAN refinement yields a Structural Similarity Index Measure (SSIM) of 0.4097 and L1 loss of 0.4405. Most wrinkle angle measurements deviate less than 15% from the ground truth, demonstrating the framework’s effectiveness for engineering-level defect detection. This work offers a scalable and high-precision solution for assessing wrinkle defects in aerospace composites and lays the groundwork for future multimodal wrinkle inspection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"381 ","pages":"Article 120031"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145923686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Internal damage quantification of low-velocity impact damage in thick FRP laminates using phased-array ultrasound, X-ray CT, and finite element methods","authors":"Haiyang Li ,&nbsp;Jiajie Deng ,&nbsp;Zhichun Yin ,&nbsp;Bing Yang ,&nbsp;Lixia Du ,&nbsp;Shoune Xiao ,&nbsp;Dongdong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120074","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2026.120074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thick composite structures have attracted numerous attentions in vehicle structural design owing to their high load-carrying capability and lightweight potentials. Understanding their impact resistance and damage mechanisms is crucial for structural safety design. In this study, plain-weave fabric prepregs reinforced by carbon and/or glass fiber were stacked and hot-pressed to produce carbon fiber, glass fiber, and sandwich-like hybrid laminates. Low-velocity impact tests were performed at four distinct energy levels of 25 J, 40 J, 75 J, and 110 J. Post-impact damage characterizations were systematically conducted through optical inspection, phased array ultrasonic testing (PAUT), and X-ray computed tomography (X-ray CT). A finite element model based on continuum damage mechanics theory was developed to explore the impact damage mechanisms. Experimental results demonstrated that the impact response of the thick composite laminates comprises the following typical stages: the loading, unloading, and/or plateau stages. Compared to carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) specimens, fiber hybrid specimens exhibited superior energy absorption capacity at low to medium impact energies. At an impact energy of 25 J, the CGC(CFRP-GFRP-CFRP) specimen exhibited a maximum energy absorption enhancement of 16.35%. However, at high impact energy levels, fiber hybridization exhibited negligible improvement in energy absorption. Furthermore, the macroscopic failure modes of C/G (CFRP/GFRP) hybrid specimens were predominantly governed by their surface layer materials. Compared to CFRP specimens, the incorporation of GFRP layers effectively suppressed initial delamination and through-thickness crack propagation, primarily due to an altered energy dissipation mechanism involving transitioning from localized brittle fracture to more extensive delamination, buckling, and other deformation mechanisms across larger areas. Numerical simulations revealed that fiber hybridization can effectively reduce the intra-laminar damage extent in composite laminates, albeit at the expense of increased inter-laminar damage. Compared to the C-110J specimen, the CGC-110J specimen exhibited a maximum inter-laminar damage area of 12.06 cm², representing a 63.83% increase.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"381 ","pages":"Article 120074"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146035136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}