Cemil Can Eylem, İpek Baysal, Samiye Yabanoğlu Çiftçi, Emirhan Nemutlu
{"title":"Tracing of Amino Acids Dynamics in Cell Lines Based on 18O Stable Isotope Labeling","authors":"Cemil Can Eylem, İpek Baysal, Samiye Yabanoğlu Çiftçi, Emirhan Nemutlu","doi":"10.1021/acs.analchem.4c05015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.4c05015","url":null,"abstract":"Metabolite levels and turnover rates are necessary to understand metabolomic dynamics in a living organism fully. Amino acids can play distinct roles in various cellular processes, and their abnormal levels are associated with pathological conditions, including cancer. Therefore, their levels, especially turnover rates, may provide enormous information about a phenotype. <sup>13</sup>C- or <sup>13</sup>C,<sup>15</sup>N-labeled amino acids have also been commonly used to trace amino acid metabolism. This study presented a new methodology based on <sup>18</sup>O labeling for amino acids that relied on monitoring mass isotopologues to calculate the turnover rates of amino acids. The method optimization studies were carried over for selective amino acid monitoring. This methodology provides a rapid, robust, and simple GC-MS method for analyzing the fluxes of amino acid metabolism. The developed method was applied to fetal human colon (FHC) and human colon carcinoma (Caco-2) cell lines to determine cancer-induced shifts in the turnover rates of amino acids. These results defined metabolic reprogramming in Caco-2 cells through increased glutamate and serine turnovers and sharply decreased turnovers of aspartate, threonine, and methionine, therefore pointing to some metabolic vulnerabilities in the metabolism of cancerous cells. The simple mechanism of the developed methodology, the availability of affordable <sup>18</sup>O-enriched water, and the ease of application can open a new arena in fluxomics analysis.","PeriodicalId":27,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Chemistry","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143020165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ang Li, Heyuan Jia, Jie Hong, Shi Zhang, Dayu Li, Wei Xu
{"title":"tDDA: A Targeted Data-Dependent Acquisition Mode for Rapid Screening of Targets in Complex Matrices","authors":"Ang Li, Heyuan Jia, Jie Hong, Shi Zhang, Dayu Li, Wei Xu","doi":"10.1021/acs.analchem.4c06301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.4c06301","url":null,"abstract":"Miniaturized mass spectrometers offer significant potential for in situ analysis due to their high specificity and portability. In traditional data-dependent acquisition (DDA) mode, precursor ions for tandem analysis are selected based on the full-scan mass spectrum. However, in situ applications often require the direct analysis of complex samples without extensive sample pretreatment, making them susceptible to chemical noise that can result in false negatives. To address this challenge, we propose a targeted data-dependent acquisition (tDDA) mode that substantially improves the accurate detection of target compounds in complex matrices. Unlike conventional DDA, the tDDA method eliminates reliance on the full-scan mass spectrum, where signals of interest are often obscured by matrix effects. This approach leverages sine amplitude modulation of sinusoidal frequency modulated (SAM-SFM) waveforms technology, which enables the real-time generation of isolated waveforms, allowing tDDA to achieve parallel, high-speed screening. Additionally, targeted automatic gain control (AGC) technology enhances the detection of low-concentration analytes, further reducing the false-negative rate. The tDDA mode was successfully integrated and validated on a modified “Brick” miniaturized ion trap mass spectrometer. Experimental results demonstrated its capability to detect low concentrations of illicit drugs spiked in blood and saliva samples, highlighting its potential for effective in situ screening.","PeriodicalId":27,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Chemistry","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143020169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Feng Gong, Xiaoyun Shan, Kebing Yi, Ziwen Tang, Yimiao He, Fuxiang Zhou, Xinghu Ji, Zhike He
{"title":"Highly Sensitive Digital and Analog Immunoassay Based on Submicron Magnetic Beads and Fluorescent Microspheres","authors":"Feng Gong, Xiaoyun Shan, Kebing Yi, Ziwen Tang, Yimiao He, Fuxiang Zhou, Xinghu Ji, Zhike He","doi":"10.1021/acs.analchem.4c04570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.4c04570","url":null,"abstract":"The detection of disease-related protein biomarkers plays a crucial role in the early diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of diseases. The concentrations of protein biomarkers can vary significantly in different diseases or stages of the same disease. However, most of the existing analytical methods cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of high sensitivity and a wide dynamic range. Herein, we developed a digital and analog immunoassay method based on submicron magnetic beads and fluorescent microspheres. The digital analysis achieves a limit of detection as low as 46 fg/mL (1.8 fM) for IL-6, and the analog analysis has a wide dynamic range spanning from 0.2 pg/mL to 10 ng/mL. Furthermore, the analog analysis can be used to quickly and roughly assess higher concentration proteins via visual detection, and the practical application potential of this method was verified by the detection of alpha-fetoprotein in serum samples from 12 healthy individuals and hepatocellular carcinoma patients. The established method does not involve the use of enzymes or costly instruments, which greatly simplifies the experimental steps, shortens the experimental time, and reduces the experimental cost. In view of those advantages, the proposed method has great application prospects in point-of-care applications.","PeriodicalId":27,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Chemistry","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143020163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Feiyue Xing, Weiman Duan, Jiaxi Tang, Ying Zhou, Zeji Guo, Han Zhang, Jian Xiong, Meikun Fan
{"title":"Superhydrophobic Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) Substrates for Sensitive Detection of Trace Nanoplastics in Water","authors":"Feiyue Xing, Weiman Duan, Jiaxi Tang, Ying Zhou, Zeji Guo, Han Zhang, Jian Xiong, Meikun Fan","doi":"10.1021/acs.analchem.4c05554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.4c05554","url":null,"abstract":"Nanoplastics, emerging as pervasive environmental pollutants, pose significant threats to ecosystems and human health due to their small size and potential toxicity. However, detecting trace levels of nanoplastics remains challenging because of limitations in the current analytical methods. Herein, we propose a method that combines superhydrophobic enrichment with SERS analysis for detecting trace nanoplastics in aqueous environments. Superhydrophobic SERS substrates were prepared by using a liquid–liquid self-assembly method. The superhydrophobicity facilitated analyte enrichment, and monolayer Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) enhanced the Raman signals. The detection limit for Raman probe crystal violet (CV) using this substrate reached nanomolar (10<sup>–9</sup> M), with an RSD of 9.96% across a 40 × 40 μm<sup>2</sup> area (441 spots), demonstrating excellent sensitivity and reproducibility. This method successfully detected polystyrene (PS) plastics ranging from 30 to 1000 nm in water with concentrations as low as 0.03 μg/mL. Additionally, nanoscale polyethylene terephthalate (PET) particles were detected in bottled water samples. This approach offers a promising platform for analyzing trace nanoplastics in environmental water samples and addresses the needs of environmental monitoring.","PeriodicalId":27,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Chemistry","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143020167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fengyi Liu, Anle Ge, Xixian Wang, Fei Wu, Jian Xu, Bo Ma
{"title":"A Contracted Channel Droplet Reinjection Chip-Based Simple Integrated ddpcr System for SARS-CoV-2 and H1N1 Detection","authors":"Fengyi Liu, Anle Ge, Xixian Wang, Fei Wu, Jian Xu, Bo Ma","doi":"10.1021/acs.analchem.4c05201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.4c05201","url":null,"abstract":"Droplet microfluidics is a powerful method for digital droplet polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) applications. However, precise droplet control, bulky peripherals, and multistep operation usually required in droplet detection process hinder the broad application of ddPCR. Here, a contracted channel droplet reinjection chip is presented, where droplets can be self-separated and detected one by one at intervals. Based on that, a Simple Integrated ddPCR (SI-ddPCR) system is established, including surface-wetting-based droplet generation, tube heating, and droplet signal detection. To assess the system’s performance, we quantified SARS-CoV-2 and H1N1 simultaneously using duplex-ddPCR. The results exhibited a good linearity (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.999) at concentrations ranging from 10<sup>1</sup> to 10<sup>4</sup> copies/μL. By employing the SI-ddPCR system, we detected SARS-CoV-2 and H1N1 in clinical samples isolated from 20 swab specimens with an accuracy of 97.5%. Thus, the developed SI-ddPCR system offers simple droplet detection, eliminates complicated peripherals and multistep operations, and promises to be a portable, low-cost, and easy-to-deploy toolbox for high-accuracy ddPCR.","PeriodicalId":27,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Chemistry","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143020166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Precise Electron-Withdrawing Strength Regulation of π-Conjugate Bridge-Boosted Specific Detection toward α-Methyltryptamine","authors":"Zhenzhen Cai, Zhiheng Huo, Gaosheng Li, Xu Cheng, Fang Xiao, Yuwan Du, Baiyi Zu, Xincun Dou","doi":"10.1021/acs.analchem.4c05950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.4c05950","url":null,"abstract":"The specific fluorescent detection of α-methyltryptamine (AMT) presents a great challenge because similar amine groups and benzene rings exist in a variety of amines. Here, we show the precise modulation of the electron-withdrawing strength of the π-conjugate bridge in aldehyde-containing Schiff base-based fluorescent probes for ultratrace AMT discrimination. It is found that different electron-withdrawing groups −C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>, −C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>2</sub>N<sub>2</sub>, and −C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>2</sub>Br<sub>2</sub> as the π-conjugate bridge of the 2-dicyanomethylidene-3-cyano-4,5,5-trimethyl-2,5-dihydrofuran (TCF)-based probes can classify and identify organic amines with different amine nucleophilicities. Notably, the probe with −C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>2</sub>Br<sub>2</sub> as the π-conjugate bridge, denoted as BrFS–TCF, which has the highest electrophilicity of the recognition site, shows a superior nM-level limit of detection (LOD) and an instant response time (<0.1 s) toward AMT. Especially, it shows an excellent selectivity facing the secondary amines, tertiary amines, aromatic amines, and even primary amines. The present strategy would provide a new pathway for chemical substances with similar structures and properties and especially for fighting against illegal drugs.","PeriodicalId":27,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Chemistry","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143020168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lectin-Mediated Labeling of Alkaline Phosphatase for Enzymatic Silver Deposition-Based Electrochemical Detection of Glycoprotein Tumor Markers","authors":"Junpeng Lv, Songmin Chen, Wenhui Xu, Xiyao Zhang, Mengge Wang, Jingjing Xu, Ziluan Zhu, Qiong Hu, Li Niu","doi":"10.1021/acs.analchem.4c06223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.4c06223","url":null,"abstract":"The screening of glycoprotein markers has become an integral part of the in vitro diagnosis of malignant tumors. Herein, an electrochemical method based on alkaline phosphatase (ALP)-mediated enzymatic silver deposition is reported for the highly sensitive detection of glycoprotein tumor markers, in which ALP enzymes are decorated to the glycan moieties of targets via the lectin-carbohydrate interactions. As glycoproteins are conjugated with multiple glycan chains, lectin-mediated labeling can result in the decoration of each target with multiple ALP enzymes. Moreover, the enzymatic hydrolysis of ascorbic acid 2-phosphate into ascorbic acid can result in the deposition of a high density of silver particles, which can then be sensitively assayed via the robust Ag/AgCl solid-state voltammetric process. As a result, the enzymatic silver deposition-based electrochemical method exhibits high sensitivity. Using the aptamer-based electrochemical detection of the breast cancer-associated glycoprotein CA15–3 as a proof of concept, a detection limit of 0.32 mU/mL has been demonstrated. Results show that the synergism of the aptamer-based capture and the glycoform-specific discrimination capability of the lectin-carbohydrate interactions can endow this method with high selectivity, and its practical use in the assay of CA15–3 levels in serum samples has been illustrated. With benefits from the high efficiency, mild reaction conditions, and user-friendly operation, the lectin-mediated labeling of ALP enzymes for enzymatic silver deposition is highly applicable to the electrochemical detection of low-abundance glycoprotein tumor markers.","PeriodicalId":27,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Chemistry","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143027034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhicheng Zhang, Haiyang Li, Ning Zhou, Zhi Zheng, Tianyou Zhai, Fan Xia, Xiaoding Lou
{"title":"Protein Detection Based on Field-Effect Transistor Biosensors for Diagnosing Diseases","authors":"Zhicheng Zhang, Haiyang Li, Ning Zhou, Zhi Zheng, Tianyou Zhai, Fan Xia, Xiaoding Lou","doi":"10.1021/acs.analchem.4c04178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.4c04178","url":null,"abstract":"Proteins have been one of the most important biomarkers for diagnosing diseases, and field-effect transistor (FET) biosensors possess high sensitivity; are label-free; and feature real-time detection, rapidity, and easy integration for protein detection. FET biosensors are mainly made up of FET parts, such as channel materials, and bio parts, such as receptors. This Tutorial provides an in-depth exploration of FET biosensors for protein detection from the composition perspective and discusses the commercialization of point-of-care diagnostics of proteins based on FET biosensors.","PeriodicalId":27,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Chemistry","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143027033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Platelet Function Assay Using Dielectric Blood Coagulometry","authors":"Yoshihito Hayashi, Yudai Yamamoto, Aya Murata, Kenzo Machida, Yoichi Katsumoto, Tokujiro Uchida","doi":"10.1021/acs.analchem.4c04112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.4c04112","url":null,"abstract":"The hemostatic function of platelets is complementary to blood coagulation. However, traditional platelet function tests have primarily focused on measuring platelet aggregation, reducing their clinical effectiveness for antiplatelet drug monitoring. To address this limitation, we propose a new test principle that evaluates platelet function and the effects of antiplatelet drugs through blood coagulation reactions. This principle was validated in model experimental systems using blood samples from healthy volunteers (<i>n</i> = 11), where antiplatelet drugs such as aspirin, prostaglandin E1, or ticagrelor were added to the blood samples. Ticagrelor was tested at four concentration levels, covering the expected therapeutic range. We found that the complementary function of platelets can be assessed by monitoring the 1 MHz dielectric permittivity during the blood coagulation process, particularly the peak value. When reagents such as agonists (arachidonic acid, collagen, or adenosine diphosphate ADP) and calcium were mixed into the citrated blood with turbulence by pipetting, platelets became activated and aggregated before thrombin generation, resulting in a “consumed” state of platelets. Consequently, the contribution to the permittivity peak was minimal. By contrast, when blood spiked with antiplatelet drugs was tested, agonist-induced platelet aggregation was inhibited during the initial stage of the measurement. However, after thrombin generation, platelets were activated through the thrombin receptor. These activated platelets interacted with fibrin, thereby affecting the permittivity peak. The results of this validation process with Student’s <i>t</i>-tests confirm the fundamental operating principle of the proposed platelet function assay, thereby contributing to antiplatelet therapy monitoring.","PeriodicalId":27,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Chemistry","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143027039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Peiwen Peng, Mingyu Li, Xuan Wang, Ming-Jie Dong, Yelan Xiao, Faisal Ahmad, Teng Hou, Tong Shu, Xueji Zhang
{"title":"Stepwise Lighting Up Gold(I)–Thiolate Complexes from AIE Nanoaggregates to AIEE Nanoprobes with a ZIF-8 Shell for Glucose Biosensing","authors":"Peiwen Peng, Mingyu Li, Xuan Wang, Ming-Jie Dong, Yelan Xiao, Faisal Ahmad, Teng Hou, Tong Shu, Xueji Zhang","doi":"10.1021/acs.analchem.4c05119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.4c05119","url":null,"abstract":"Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) or aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) has endowed gold species with responsive fluorescent properties, favoring their potential applications in sensing, imaging, and therapy. However, it remains an interesting challenge to fabricate fluorophores with both AIE and AIEE effects. Herein, we presented highly luminescent Au(I) thiolate nanocomplex-based biosensors with Zn<sup>2+</sup> induced-AIE and zeolite imidazolate framework (ZIF-8) induced-AIEE effects. The nonemissive monovalent gold–glutathione complexes (Au<sup>I</sup>-SGs) were obtained to synthesize the core–shell Zn<sup>2+</sup>/Au<sup>I</sup>-SG@ZIF-8 composites with strong luminescence via the coordination-assisted self-assembly strategy. By immobilizing GOx on the surface of Zn<sup>2+</sup>/Au<sup>I</sup>-SG@ZIF-8, Zn<sup>2+</sup>/Au<sup>I</sup>-SG@ZIF-8/GOx biosensors exhibited effective responsiveness to glucose, showing a “turn-off” detection model. The mechanism study revealed that the robust luminescence of Zn<sup>2+</sup>/Au<sup>I</sup>-SG@ZIF-8 to glucose sensing was attributed to the acid-stimulated degradation of the probe facilitated by H<sup>+</sup> generated from the glucose oxidase (GOx)-catalyzed oxidation process. To achieve noninvasive and intelligent blood glucose detection, the Zn<sup>2+</sup>/Au<sup>I</sup>-SG@ZIF-8/GOx-loaded microneedle (MN)-patch fluorescent platform was further developed. The MN-patch-based sensing platform had promising performance for on-needle capture and in situ glucose detection. This study demonstrated a universal and feasible protocol to construct luminescent biosensors for glucose detection and their potential for the development of MN-based analytical devices.","PeriodicalId":27,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Chemistry","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143020172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}