Vestnik Majkopskogo Gosudarstvennogo Tehnologiceskogo Universiteta最新文献

{"title":"The Underground Railroad: main aspects of operation","authors":"S. T. Khapchaev","doi":"10.47370/2078-1024-2023-15-4-38-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47370/2078-1024-2023-15-4-38-45","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of the research topic. Wherever slavery existed, people attempted to escape, and American history is no exception. Sometimes such efforts took on organized and institutionalized forms, a notable example of which is the so-called Underground Railroad, a secret and organized system of resistance to enslavement by facilitating the escape of African Americans to northern states and other territories. In the chosen context of the research, the Underground Railroad can rightfully be considered one of the first mass movements for human rights not only in the United States, but also in the world.The purpose of the research is to reveal the main aspects of the functioning of the Underground Railroad, since this problem is extremely poorly covered by domestic science.The research is based on a scientific analysis of biographical data, literary sources, legal documents, materials from periodicals and has been carried out by applying the principle of historicism, comparative historical, problem-chronological, biographical and descriptive methods.The research results demonstrate that, in order to prevent human trafficking, individuals, families, and communities with anti-slavery attitude created preconditions for the formation of a large-scale institutionalized system that stretched from the Canadian provinces of Quebec and Ontario east to the Atlantic coast, south to Florida and the Caribbean, and west to the border enclaves of Kansas, Texas, and Mexico.On the basis of the research results, it has been concluded that the term «Underground Railroad», although it does not reflect the specifics of its activities, denotes a very real historical phenomenon. The organization and activities of the Underground Railroad became an important component in the difficult task of eradicating slavery in the United States.","PeriodicalId":273916,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Majkopskogo Gosudarstvennogo Tehnologiceskogo Universiteta","volume":" 56","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139627945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethnocultural potential in the process of healthy lifestyle forming in younger schoolchildren","authors":"Y. Appaeva, I. Kyunkrikova","doi":"10.47370/2078-1024-2023-15-4-46-53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47370/2078-1024-2023-15-4-46-53","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance. Issues related to the forming healthy lifestyle in younger schoolchildren are especially relevant nowadays. Despite the availability of available works on this issue, there are practically no studies that reflect the ethno-cultural aspect in the process of forming a healthy lifestyle in primary school conditions. Primary education is one of the most significant stages in the development of a personality that develops in a particular social environment. That is why modern education should form the level of valeological knowledge of students, taking into account the above mentioned facts.The target setting. In spite of the existing works on this issue, there are practically no studies reflecting the ethnocultural aspect in the process of developing healthy lifestyle in primary school conditions.The purpose of the research is to identify the ethnocultural potential that influences the formation of healthy lifestyle in primary schoolchildren.During the research process a questionnaire was used, which was compiled on the basis of research by ethnoeducators. It was aimed at identifying knowledge about a healthy lifestyle based on the Kalmyk ethnoculture among primary schoolchildren. The dynamics of changes in the level of formation of knowledge about a healthy lifestyle in junior schoolchildren has been analyzed, taking into account ethnocultural material. The ethnocultural potential in the process of forming a healthy lifestyle has been reflected, which expands the valeological knowledge of primary school students. The results of the study show that ethnocultural potential has a certain impact on the systematization of knowledge about health and healthy lifestyles of students.","PeriodicalId":273916,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Majkopskogo Gosudarstvennogo Tehnologiceskogo Universiteta","volume":"56 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139534883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting social responsibility as a characteristic feature of social interactions in various fields","authors":"В. Y. Ashinov, А. R. Kumpilova","doi":"10.47370/2078-1024-2023-15-3-115-122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47370/2078-1024-2023-15-3-115-122","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of the research topic is determined by the fact that social responsibility seems to be an important condition for the stability of social order and development. During the periods of crisis, the problem of leveling social responsibility among individuals and communities arises. The purpose of the research is to identify the most significant areas of social life of a modern man in the 21st century, where social responsibility is considered as a significant category that requires particularly close scientific analysis. When working with empirical material, methods applied in Sociology of culture and Sociology of management have been used - axiological, typological, structural-functional ones. Based on the results of the research, it has been revealed that research into the implementation of social responsibility in the sphere of economic relations - business and corporate interactions - is most in demand. Scientists are also interested in the need to demonstrate social responsibility in the field of Biotechnology and activities of engineers, who should focus not only on the scientific and technical, but also on the humanitarian component of production. In the current information society, the social responsibility of the media is of particular importance. The key conclusions include theses that social responsibility as a way of positively responding to the requests of those in need (individuals, groups, society) is being formed very slowly due to various historical, socio-economic, general cultural and psychological reasons; social responsibility is difficult to manage, it cannot be formed under compulsion; it is necessary to find a balance of economic benefits and ethical altruistic values that are embedded in the religious and traditional systems of ethnic cultures.","PeriodicalId":273916,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Majkopskogo Gosudarstvennogo Tehnologiceskogo Universiteta","volume":" 29","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139626996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theoretical analysis of the definition of «Creative Pedagogy»","authors":"Т. А. Ivashchenko, Е. S. Dvoynikovaon.ru","doi":"10.47370/2078-1024-2023-15-3-58-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47370/2078-1024-2023-15-3-58-66","url":null,"abstract":"In modern society knowledge of Creative Pedagogy ensures high potential of educational activities and achievement of a high level of education quality. The education system is faced with the task of qualitatively preparing a modern graduate for further education and work. Solving this problem requires the search and implementation of new teaching methods, which are a meaningful component of Creative Pedagogy. Scientific works do not fully present a comprehensive analysis of Creative Pedagogy. They primarily reveal only some aspects related to the creativity of a teacher and the principles of organizing a creative environment. The weak theoretical development of the issue under consideration allowed us to formulate the following research problem: what are the essential characteristics of Creative Pedagogy? The purpose of the article is to substantiate theoretical approaches to the definition of “Creative Pedagogy”. Solving the stated goal required the use of theoretical research methods (analysis of scientific literature, synthesis of existing knowledge on the problem under study, generalization). The empirical basis of the study is represented by analytical materials and information resources on the Internet.The results of the research include 1) the concept of “Creative Pedagogy” is considered as an innovative direction of the new education paradigm; 2) the potential of Creative Pedagogy in educational activities has been revealed; 3) the pedagogical conditions for the creative orientation of pedagogical activity have been determined; 4) the basic principles of creating a creative educational environment have been outlined.Key findings: The study extends pedagogical theory toward understanding the content of Creative Pedagogy; the presented basic principles can be used by teachers when organizing a creative educational environment, and the proposed creative teaching methods can be used to stimulate the cognitive activity of students.","PeriodicalId":273916,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Majkopskogo Gosudarstvennogo Tehnologiceskogo Universiteta","volume":" 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139628539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"S.N. Maksudi and Russian Masons at the beginning of the XX century","authors":"М. R. Gaynanova","doi":"10.47370/2078-1024-2023-15-3-11-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47370/2078-1024-2023-15-3-11-19","url":null,"abstract":"The article investigates little-known facts in the life of the famous Tatar and Turkish public figure S.N. Maksudi – a turkologist, an educator, a deputy of the State Duma of the Russian Empire and the Majlis of the Turkish Republic at different periods of his life. At the beginning of the XX century a graduate of the Sorbonne University, a young lawyer, Sadri Maksudi, found himself at the center of the political life of the Turkic-Muslim world of Russia. He lived in St. Petersburg and was actively engaged in political activities. Just then he met Russian Freemasons and became a participant in the Masonic movement.The attitude towards Masonry in the Russian history is characterized by different assessments, for example, they were credited with participation in conspiracies, possession of secret knowledge, etc. In fact, most Masons were liberals who advocated the introduction of a wide range of democratic freedoms in Russia, including expanding the rights of national minorities. This attracted one of the leaders of Russian Islam, who actively defended the ideas of equality and enlightenment of his people.The article presents the analysis of the history of the opening of Masonic lodges in St. Petersburg after the revolution of 1905-1907 and their activities during the inter-revolutionary period, in which S.N. Maksudi took part.The purpose of the study was to analyze the views of the Tatar politician S.N. Maksudi through the prism of his participation in Masonic organizations of the early XX century. For this purpose the author used biographical, historical-genetic and historical-comparative research methods, as well as general scientific and dialectical methods of analysis. As a result, we came to the conclusion that despite all the objective differences between the social movement of Muslims in Russia and the teachings of the Freemasons, there were common ideological ideas between them, which attracted the Tatar-Muslim leader Sadri Maksudi to the ranks of the masons, which was reflected in his political life.","PeriodicalId":273916,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Majkopskogo Gosudarstvennogo Tehnologiceskogo Universiteta","volume":" 39","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139628369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Practical aspects of using СhatGPT in higher education","authors":"A. Paskova","doi":"10.47370/2078-1024-2023-15-3-67-74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47370/2078-1024-2023-15-3-67-74","url":null,"abstract":"The past few years have seen unprecedented growth in technology development in the field of advanced artificial intelligence. One of the latest major advances was the release of a platform called ChatGPT in November 2022.ChatGPT is changing expectations and practices in education; the teaching and academic community is concerned about the rapid pace of implementation of the chatbot in the educational process and the possible negative consequences of this implementation.The relevance of the research is due to the development of artificial intelligence technologies, the rapid growth of the popularity of ChatGPT and the introduction of new technologies in the field of higher education.The purpose of the research is to study the practical aspects of using generative neural networks in higher education.The objectives of the research are to consider real cases of using artificial intelligence technologies in higher education and analyze our own experience of using ChatGPT in educational practice.The methodological basis of the research consists of the following methods: analysis of Internet resources and literary sources, method of studying cases for research and generalization of teaching experience, synthesis.The research results include the possibilities of using artificial intelligence technologies (using the example of the generative language GPT model) in the educational process of higher educational institutions, the advantages and disadvantages of integrating generative neural networks into the educational process of a university.Key conclusions: Generative neural networks are a controversial technology, raising concerns about ethics and academic integrity in higher education, but are also discussed as a powerful tool for teaching and research. In higher education ChatGPT can be used to create learning materials, engage learners in subject-matter discussions, provide personalized feedback, develop assessment rubrics, and support interactive and collaborative learning, thereby enhancing learning effectiveness. In the process of introducing generative neural networks into the educational process, it is necessary to take into account the limitations of their use: lack of creativity, bias and inaccuracy, dependence on technology. Teachers must adapt their teaching methods to make the most of these powerful tools.","PeriodicalId":273916,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Majkopskogo Gosudarstvennogo Tehnologiceskogo Universiteta","volume":" 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139628536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relations of the Russian administration and the highest estates of the Northern Caucasus in the context of the statement of Tsar power in the region in the second half of the XIX century","authors":"Т. C. Dzhabaeva","doi":"10.47370/2078-1024-2023-15-3-20-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47370/2078-1024-2023-15-3-20-28","url":null,"abstract":"Analysis of the internal policy of a state in the North Caucasus, identification of positive and negative factors in the integration of the region, as well as the identification and consequences of the common interests of the tsarist administration and local feudal lords, is relevant since these processes influenced the social and economic development of the region, led to social conflicts, and in general, they changed the social and legal status of the population of the region, which was part of the legal field of the Russian Empire in the second half of the 19th century. Determining social preferences in the implementation of the agrarian policy of the tsarist administration will to some extent help to avoid this kind of social conflict in the future. The purpose of the article is to identify the social status, historical transformation, the process of strengthening and the role of the upper classes of the North Caucasus, their relationship with the new government during the second half of the 19th century, selforganization and legal status.In the process of the research work methods of comparative historical analysis, synthesis and generalization have been used, as well as the principle of objectivity and historicism, which provide the opportunity to analyze various episodes and phenomena from a historical point of view.The practice of Russian reforms in the second half of the 19th century contained a number of aspects that determined a turning point in the socio-political, socio-economic and other spheres of life of the peoples of the North Caucasus. The results of the research are the following: the claims of the upper classes to dominate the population by seizing, with the help of the new government, land holdings into their own property, as well as receiving material benefits while in service have been defined. Conclusions: the upper classes were the conductors of the policies of the Russian administration in the region, which led to social protests and the deterioration of the social situation of the dependent classes.","PeriodicalId":273916,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Majkopskogo Gosudarstvennogo Tehnologiceskogo Universiteta","volume":"43 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139535030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organization of fighter battalions and their activities during the Great Patriotic War","authors":"Kh. V. Tedeev","doi":"10.47370/2078-1024-2023-15-3-42-48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47370/2078-1024-2023-15-3-42-48","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the organization of fighter battalions and their activities during the Great Patriotic War, as well as the role of the Soviet and party bodies in ensuring public security in the front line and in the rear areas of the USSR when using voluntary formations. The history of the creation and deployment of fighter battalions as effective forms of popular mobilization in the rear, for the effective fight against German intelligence, which intensified during the period of the enemy's offensive along the entire front line, has been revealed. The content of organizational and pedagogical technology for training the distribution of workers in deficient professions and specialties in the school system of factory apprenticeships has been revealed. The directions and content of the ideological work of the state, focused on the working people of the rear, have been examined. The problemthematic field of this article has been investigated both using the information array of the central authorities and using the historiographic material of the local territorial-administrative unit of the former USSR - the South Osetian Autonomous Region. The problem-thematic field addressed in this article was examined not only based on data from central government bodies, but also for the first time using historiographical materials from the central archive of South Ossetia - a territorial-administrative unit of the former USSR.","PeriodicalId":273916,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Majkopskogo Gosudarstvennogo Tehnologiceskogo Universiteta","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139628296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orthodox identification of the Russian population in the Republic of Dagestan. 1985–1999","authors":"О. В. Khalidova","doi":"10.47370/2078-1024-2023-15-3-49-57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47370/2078-1024-2023-15-3-49-57","url":null,"abstract":"We have a research idea to show the peculiarities of the development of the Orthodox component in the transitional period of the historical development of our country on the example of the Russian population of the Republic of Dagestan as adherents of Orthodox traditions in the national multiconfessional region. The relevance of the research associated with the transformation of the religious component of Russian people of Dagestan under the influence of globalization and socio-cultural processes of recent decades.A positive effect on the development of the religious component of our society as a whole with a number of features in national regions, in particular, Dagestan have been analyzed. The investigated archival and periodical material and analysis of the empirical data have made it possible to consider the development Orthodox identification in the period 1985–1997. The low growth has been noted. Conclusions have been drawn about the unstable situation of Orthodox parishes due to a number of factors, including the political situation, migration processes among the Russian population, which, in turn, led to the low activity of the clergy, their interaction with the authorities to solve pressing social problems.","PeriodicalId":273916,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Majkopskogo Gosudarstvennogo Tehnologiceskogo Universiteta","volume":" 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139628400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Military construction and military duty in Dagestan in 1928–1940: a historical and socio-cultural aspects","authors":"G. Kaymarazov, L. G. Kaymarazova","doi":"10.47370/2078-1024-2023-15-3-29-41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47370/2078-1024-2023-15-3-29-41","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the historical and socio-cultural aspects of military development in the Dagestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic from 1928 to 1940, taking into account the growing interest in society and the scientific community in military history, including the problem of involving the peoples of national regions of the country in the process of formation and further development of the Soviet Armed Forces. In the research the principles of historicism, scientific objectivity, as well as comparative historical, problem-chronological, statistical and descriptive methods have been used; new publications and documentary sources that have not previously been introduced into scientific circulation have been employed.The historical and social and cultural aspects of military development in the Dagestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic from 1928 to 1940 have been considered. - from the moment of the first compulsory conscription of Dagestanis for military service in the ranks of the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Army (RKKA) until the adoption in September 1939 by the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the new Law “On General Military Duty”. This event marked the beginning of the implementation of military service by representatives of the male youth of the peoples of Dagestan service on a common basis with all nationalities of the USSR.The research characterizes the work of the authorities to establish military registration of the male part of the population and pre-conscription training of young people in a multinational region. The gender component of the process of formation of military service has been highlighted; the features of the implementation of Soviet military construction in Dagestan within the designated chronological framework identified and prospects and scope of application of the research results characterized.","PeriodicalId":273916,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Majkopskogo Gosudarstvennogo Tehnologiceskogo Universiteta","volume":"56 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139535159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}