K. Bormanis, V. Nesterov, A. Burkhanov, Y. Kochergin, M. Dambekalne, A. Kalvāne
{"title":"Dielectric response to low and infra-low frequency in layered ferroelectrics","authors":"K. Bormanis, V. Nesterov, A. Burkhanov, Y. Kochergin, M. Dambekalne, A. Kalvāne","doi":"10.1117/12.726554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.726554","url":null,"abstract":"Features of dielectric response to frequencies in the 0.25.1000 Hz range in ceramic samples of BaBi2Nb2O9, Na0,5Bi8.5Ti2Nb4O27, Na0,5Bi8.5Ti2Ta4O27, and K0,5Bi8.5Ti2Nb4O27 compounds are reported. Considerable relaxation of &egr;'(T) and &egr;\"(T) maximums has been observed at all frequencies in BaBi2Nb2O9. Na0,5Bi8.5Ti2Nb4O27 and Na0,5Bi8.5Ti2Ta4O27 are characterised by broad maximums on &egr;'(T) at frequencies below 100 Hz and a weak anomaly in K0,5Bi8.5Ti2Nb4O27 at temperatures well below the paraelectric phase transition. Increasing values of &egr;' are observed at low temperatures in compounds containing sodium. The observed features of dielectric response are explained by largescale charge fluctuations in layered ferroelectrics.","PeriodicalId":273853,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Advanced Optical Materials and Devices","volume":"4 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114126190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Light emission properties of nanoparticles doped with transition metal and rare earth ions","authors":"M. Godlewski, Sergey Yatsunneko, M. Godlewski","doi":"10.1117/12.726353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.726353","url":null,"abstract":"Nanoparticles of wide band gap II-VI compounds doped with transition metal (TM) and rare earth (RE) ions show fairly efficient light emission. Mechanisms of enhancement of 3d-3d (TM ions) and 4f-4f (RE ions) intra-shell transitions are discussed. It is demonstrated that quantum confinement, imposed on free carriers in nanoparticles, enhances spin dependent interactions of free carriers with TM and RE impurities. These interactions relax parity and spin selections rules for intra-shell transitions. We also show that host-to-impurity energy transfer is increased in nanoparticles, as compared to situation found in bulk samples.","PeriodicalId":273853,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Advanced Optical Materials and Devices","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114248581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Račiukaitis, M. Brikas, M. Gedvilas, G. Darcianovas
{"title":"Patterning of ITO with picosecond lasers","authors":"G. Račiukaitis, M. Brikas, M. Gedvilas, G. Darcianovas","doi":"10.1117/12.726407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.726407","url":null,"abstract":"Indium-tin oxide (ITO) is the main material for making transparent electrodes in electronic devices and flat panel displays. Laser-direct-write technology has been widely used for patterning ITO. The well defined edges and good electrical isolation at a short separation are required for the modern OLED and RFID devices of high packing density. High repetition rate lasers with a short, picosecond pulse width offer new possibilities for high efficiency structuring of transparent conductors on glass and other substrates. The results of patterning the ITO film on glass with picosecond lasers at various wavelengths are presented. Laser radiation initiated ablation of the material, forming trenches in ITO. Profile of the trenches was analyzed with a phase contrast optical microscope, a stylus type profiler, SEM and AFM. Clean removal of the ITO layer was achieved with the 266 nm radiation when laser fluence was above the threshold at 0.20 J/cm2, while for the 355 nm radiation the threshold was higher, above 0.46 J/cm2. The glass substrate was damaged in the area where the fluence was higher than 1.55 J/cm2. The 532 nm radiation allowed getting well defined trenches, but a lot of residues in the form of dust were generated on the surface. UV radiation at the 266 nm provided the widest working window for ITO ablation without damage of the substrate. Use of UV laser radiation with fluences close to the ablation threshold made it possible to minimize surface contamination and the recast ridge formation during the process.","PeriodicalId":273853,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Advanced Optical Materials and Devices","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123963042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Melninkaitis, D. Mikšys, V. Sirutkaitis, G. Abromavičius, R. Buzelis, R. Drazdys
{"title":"Laser-induced damage threshold measurements of high reflecting dielectric layers","authors":"A. Melninkaitis, D. Mikšys, V. Sirutkaitis, G. Abromavičius, R. Buzelis, R. Drazdys","doi":"10.1117/12.726549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.726549","url":null,"abstract":"A quest for higher laser powers is one of the main driving forces in development of laser technology. Unfortunately all laser components have some limit to the intensity of optical radiation that can be applied on them - the so-called laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT). To enable further power scaling of laser devices, novel highly resistant optical components have to be developed. Such components are laser crystals, mirrors, fibers and other components typically coated with periodic dielectric layers made using e-beam, sputtering or sol-gel technologies. The production materials and methods of all the mentioned optics are under constant development, which requires a reliable quality test to provide the feedback to the manufacturing process; one of such tests are the measurements of LIDT. LIDT measurement procedure using repetitive laser pulses, as described in ISO 11254-2 standard, is time- and human resource consuming, if performed without automation. We developed an automated station for the measurements of LIDT that greatly reduces the required human resources and allows fast data collection. In this presentation, we briefly describe the main components of this automated LIDT test station. Furthermore we present the comparison of the latest results obtained on LIDT measurements of ZrO2/SiO2, Nb2O5/SiO2, Ta2O5/SiO2 and TiO2/SiO2 periodic high reflecting dielectric layers performed using repetitive nanosecond laser pulses.","PeriodicalId":273853,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Advanced Optical Materials and Devices","volume":"25 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130022022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Pärna, A. Tarre, A. Gerst, H. Mändar, A. Niilisk, T. Uustare, A. Rosental, V. Sammelselg
{"title":"Influence of annealing on atomic layer deposited Cr2O3-TiO2 thin films","authors":"R. Pärna, A. Tarre, A. Gerst, H. Mändar, A. Niilisk, T. Uustare, A. Rosental, V. Sammelselg","doi":"10.1117/12.726496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.726496","url":null,"abstract":"Thin films in the Cr-Ti-O system were atomic layer deposited from CrO2Cl2, TiCl4, and CH3OH on Si(1 0 0), fused SiO2, and a-Al2O3(0 1 2) substrates at 420 oC. The proportion between Ti and Cr resulted from the ratio of the CrO2Cl2/CH3OH and TiCl4/CH3OH pulsing. The films were grown up to the thickness of about 70 nm. Annealing of the films was performed in O2 at 1000 oC. A notable dependence of their microstructure, conductance, and conductometric response to CO, H2, and CH4 in dry air on the substrates, Ti content, and annealing has been demonstrated. The films were polycrystalline on Si and SiO2, and epitaxial on a-Al2O3. At temperatures above 400 oC, the films had a conductance, advantageous from the point of view of semiconductor gas sensors. In response to a 30-ppm CO exposure at 450 oC, an annealed film on the a-Al2O3(0 1 2) substrate, distinguished by a relatively high Ti/Cr atomic ratio, showed a 16-% conductance decrease in 20 s, with a 120-s recovery.","PeriodicalId":273853,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Advanced Optical Materials and Devices","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120885337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Gutgalis, J. Banys, V. Sirutkaitis, R. Grigalaitis
{"title":"Dielectric properties of KDP crystal damaged by laser beam","authors":"A. Gutgalis, J. Banys, V. Sirutkaitis, R. Grigalaitis","doi":"10.1117/12.726561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.726561","url":null,"abstract":"Measurements of dielectric permittivity show that laser-induced damage in potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystal increases its phase transition temperature and real part of dielectric permittivity of damaged crystal is lower at all measured temperatures. The largest difference between dielectric permittivity of damaged and virgin samples we observed at temperatures below phase transition temperature. It can be caused by pinning of domain walls to the crystal defects in the crystal bulk damaged by high power, nanosecond laser beam.","PeriodicalId":273853,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Advanced Optical Materials and Devices","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124394074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Balachninaitė, L. Petravičiūtė, M. Maciulevičius, V. Sirutkaitis, L. Isaenko, S. Lobanov, A. Yelisseyev, J. Zondy
{"title":"Optical characterization of the LiInS2 and LiInSe2 crystals","authors":"O. Balachninaitė, L. Petravičiūtė, M. Maciulevičius, V. Sirutkaitis, L. Isaenko, S. Lobanov, A. Yelisseyev, J. Zondy","doi":"10.1117/12.726551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.726551","url":null,"abstract":"We report standardized absorption and scattering losses measurements of the nonlinear crystals LiInSe2 and LiInS2 in IR range by high average power 1064 nm radiation and tunable radiation of optical parametric oscillator (OPO) based on a periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) pumped by a diode-pumped, Q-switched TEM00 mode Nd:YVO4 laser operated at 1064 nm.","PeriodicalId":273853,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Advanced Optical Materials and Devices","volume":"16 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132025387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Sužiedėlis, V. Petkun, A. Kozič, V. Kazlauskaitė, A. Cerskus, G. Steikūnas, J. Gradauskas, J. Kundrotas, S. Ašmontas, I. Papsujeva, A. Narkūnas, T. Anbinderis, V. Umansky, H. Shtrikmann
{"title":"GaAs/AlGaAs structures with &dgr;-doped layer for microwave detection","authors":"A. Sužiedėlis, V. Petkun, A. Kozič, V. Kazlauskaitė, A. Cerskus, G. Steikūnas, J. Gradauskas, J. Kundrotas, S. Ašmontas, I. Papsujeva, A. Narkūnas, T. Anbinderis, V. Umansky, H. Shtrikmann","doi":"10.1117/12.726409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.726409","url":null,"abstract":"Planar microwave detectors on the base of modulation doped AlGaAs/GaAs structures with &dgr;-doped layer were investigated in (26÷120) GHz frequency range. Comparison of the features of the microwave diodes on the base of modulation doped structures with &dgr;- and smoothly-distributed doping impurities in the AlGaAs barrier is presented. Influence of the layers composing the modulation doped structure onto detective properties of the microwave diodes is ascertained both theoretically and experimentally. In the case of the structure with &dgr;-doping this influence was less, especially, in the case of symmetrically shaped structure with n-n+ and homogeneous asymmetrically shaped modulation doped structure.","PeriodicalId":273853,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Advanced Optical Materials and Devices","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131201905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Kadys, R. Aleksieju̅nas, K. Jarašiūnas, L. Subačius
{"title":"Deeper insight into non-equilibrium carrier dynamics in InP:Fe: experimental and modeling","authors":"A. Kadys, R. Aleksieju̅nas, K. Jarašiūnas, L. Subačius","doi":"10.1117/12.726452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.726452","url":null,"abstract":"Non-equilibrium carrier generation, transport, and recombination have been investigated in Fe-doped InP crystals experimentally in subnanosecond time domain by using time-resolved picosecond four-wave mixing technique. The carriers were generated by below band-gap excitation at 1064 nm (hv = 1.17 eV), what allowed photoexcitation of non-equilibrium carriers from/via Fe-related deep levels. The contributions of Fe2+/Fe3+ deep level states and of the excited state Fe2+* have been analyzed by numerical modeling, using the relevant model which took into account carrier generation via different defect states, as well recombination and diffusion. The modeling was helpful to get insight into varying with excitation generation rates of holes and electrons and explained the main features of FWM kinetics and exposure characteristics.","PeriodicalId":273853,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Advanced Optical Materials and Devices","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115105099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ripple formation at laser ablation of chromium thin film","authors":"K. Regelskis, G. Račiukaitis, P. Gečys","doi":"10.1117/12.726445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.726445","url":null,"abstract":"Ablation characteristics of chromium thin film on a glass substrate by nanosecond laser pulses were investigated. The laser beam was tightly focused through the glass substrate to a stripe-like spot using the acylindrical lens. The metal was removed only by the central part of the laser beam, where local laser fluence exceeded the well-defined ablation threshold. Formation of a wide area cleaned by the series of laser pulses caused some side effects. The stripe ablated by a single laser pulse had sharp edges on both sides, while the partially overlapping pulses formed a wide stripe with a complicated structure made of the remaining metal. Regular structures, ripples, were developed when laser fluence was slightly above the threshold and the shift between pulses was less than a half width of the line ablated by a single laser pulse. The ripples were located periodically (~4 &mgr;) and were orientated perpendicularly to the long axis of the beam spot (in parallel to the laser pulse shift direction). Their direction did not depend on the laser beam polarization. Different models of the ripple formation in the thin metal film were considered, and instability of the moving vapor-liquid- solid contact line during evaporation of thin liquid films appear to be the most appropriate process responsible for the observed phenomena. Regular gratings with the unlimited line length can be produced by using the technique.","PeriodicalId":273853,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Advanced Optical Materials and Devices","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128439169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}