Chemical Engineering Science最新文献

{"title":"Constructing atomic-scale electric fields in nitrogen-doped FeS2 as intrinsic ion accelerators for sodium-ion batteries","authors":"Luchao Yue ,&nbsp;Yifan Dou ,&nbsp;Lin Jiang ,&nbsp;Sidan Peng ,&nbsp;Ran Zhang ,&nbsp;Bin Li ,&nbsp;Jiahui Zhao ,&nbsp;Yu Feng ,&nbsp;Lixin Zhang ,&nbsp;Ruina Shi ,&nbsp;Imran Shakir ,&nbsp;Wei Song ,&nbsp;Guisheng Qi ,&nbsp;Xuping Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2026.123522","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ces.2026.123522","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Transition metal sulfides are highly attractive anodes for large-scale sodium ion batteries owing to their high theoretical capacity. However, their practical application is severely bottlenecked by sluggish sodiation kinetics, a fundamental limitation rooted in their inherently poor electronic/ionic conductivity. Herein, we present a strategy to engineer atomic-scale electric fields within FeS₂ via nitrogen (N) doping, aiming to fundamentally accelerate Na⁺ transport as intrinsic ion accelerators. Theoretical calculations indicate that N incorporation induces charge redistribution, creating localized built-in electric fields that facilitate Na⁺ adsorption and reduce Na⁺ diffusion barriers within FeS₂. Consequently, the N-FeS₂@NC with optimal N doping content exhibits a high sodium storage capacity of 545 mAh g⁻¹ at 1.0 A g⁻¹ over 100 cycles. Even at 10.0 A g⁻¹, it maintains a capacity of 354 mAh g⁻¹ with outstanding long-term cyclability (205 mAh g ⁻¹ after 4000 cycles). This work establishes engineering atomic-scale electric fields for intrinsically enhancing ion kinetics, offering a versatile and powerful pathway for designing next-generation, ultra-fast energy storage materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":271,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Science","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 123522"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146121906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on stepwise supersonic dynamic mist multi-stage wet dust removal technology","authors":"Chen Xingyu ,&nbsp;Zhang Tian ,&nbsp;Ge Shaocheng ,&nbsp;Li Sheng ,&nbsp;Tong Linquan ,&nbsp;Tao Shuang","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2026.123565","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ces.2026.123565","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the problem of poor collection efficiency of respirable coal dust in underground coal mines, a multi-stage stepwise dust removal fan utilizing supersonic dynamic mist was proposed. Based on the step function, five geometric structures of stepwise dust removal units were designed.The Discrete Phase Model (DPM) combined with the k-ε turbulence model was employed to investigate the internal flow field, droplet trajectories, and dust particle trajectories of each structure. In conjunction with experiments, tests were conducted using a thermal anemometer, laser particle size analyzer, dust sampler, and dust dispersion tester.The wind speed, Sauter Mean Diameter (SMD) distribution characteristics of droplets, and their evolution laws of each dust removal unit under different operating conditions were obtained.Finally, the optimal structure, operating conditions for dust removal performance, and the dust reduction mechanism were clarified.Results show that the multi-stage stepwise structure effectively enhances the dust-fog coupling effect. Affected by the heterogeneous turbulent field, dust and fog particles move in a vortex-like manner, which significantly prolongs the migration time of respirable dust inside the structure.This facilitates the collision and agglomeration of dust particles with droplets to form dust-fog coupling aggregates that settle.The abrupt change in the axial cross-sectional area of the dust removal unit is conducive to the capture of respirable dust by droplets.Under the same operating conditions, compared with the stepwise structure with a constant cross-section, the maximum relative improvement rates of collection efficiency for dust particles with particle sizes of 0 ∼ 2.5 μm, 2.5 ∼ 5 μm, and 5 ∼ 10 μm are 70.83%, 124.04%, and 65.3%, respectively.The symmetric two-stage incremental stepwise dust removal unit achieves optimal dust removal performance when the supply air pressure is 0.3 MPa and the fan speed is 300 RPM.The total dust removal efficiency measured based on dust mass concentration reaches 99.34%, and the mass-based dust removal efficiency for each particle size fraction exceeds 94%.The research results can provide theoretical and technical support for the efficient, simple, and economical control of respirable dust in underground coal mines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":271,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Science","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 123565"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146172497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel node-based free-splitting model with stream splitting restrictions for optimizing heat exchanger networks","authors":"Shijie Zhang,&nbsp;Siqi Liu,&nbsp;Jiahui Ye,&nbsp;Xiaohuang Huang,&nbsp;Yuan Xiao,&nbsp;Guomin Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2026.123521","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ces.2026.123521","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heat exchanger network synthesis (HENS) is a critical technology in chemical engineering process integration, enhancing both the economic performance and energy efficiency of production systems. Nonetheless, conventional structural models are constrained by predefined stream-split configurations, limiting their ability to represent complex stream splits and mixing schemes during the optimization process. This study proposes a novel node-based free-splitting model (NFM) that incorporates flexible node matching. This non-structural framework quantitatively characterizes the generation locations and interconnections of heat exchangers. By utilizing an association matrix between stream nodes, the model can generate complex stream configurations, including splits, sub-splits, cross-flows, split-series multiple heat exchangers, and internal utilities. This approach significantly expands the solution space, although it also increases the difficulty of solution acquisition. To address this challenge, an improved Random Walk algorithm with Compulsive Evolution (RWCE) is developed. This RWCE algorithm incorporates a restriction strategy during the split generation process to inhibit disorderly creation of splits and introduces a more effective split-cleaning mechanism. The novel NFM combined with the improved RWCE algorithm is applied to four case studies. In most instances, the solutions generated outperform those documented in existing literature. Specifically, the total annual cost reduces by 0.062 % in the H5C1 case, 0.462 % in the H6C10 case, and 0.12 % in the H11C2 case compared to the best-known benchmarks, thereby demonstrating the effectiveness of model in addressing complex HENS problems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":271,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Science","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 123521"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146116005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced CO2 separation enabled by mesoporous fluoride-cerium nanosheets in ultrathin mixed-matrix composite membranes","authors":"Qingping Xin ,&nbsp;Nana Ren ,&nbsp;Shangde Su ,&nbsp;Dengdi Wu ,&nbsp;Mengke Wang ,&nbsp;Xingwei Wang ,&nbsp;Jiaxin Wu ,&nbsp;Wei Huang ,&nbsp;Lantian Dong ,&nbsp;Xiaoli Ding ,&nbsp;Yuzhong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2026.123573","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ces.2026.123573","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An ultrathin mixed-matrix composite membrane (MMCM) for efficient CO₂ separation is developed. A green bottom-up synthesis is employed to fabricate F-Ce two-dimensional nanosheets with a mesoporous structure and well-defined interlayer spacing. These nanosheets are incorporated into a Pebax 1657 polymer matrix to prepare a mixed-matrix coating solution. PDMS/PEI support membranes are fabricated by casting and subsequently modified by UVO₃ treatment to obtain hydrophilic PDMS(UVO₃)/PEI supports. The Pebax-F-Ce coating solution is uniformly deposited onto the modified support surface to produce Pebax-F-Ce/PDMS(UVO₃)/PEI composite membranes. The resulting membrane possesses an ultrathin separation layer (∼500 nm) and an intermediate layer (∼150 nm), enhancing gas transport while maintaining structural stability. Uniformly dispersed F-Ce nanosheets form mesoporous architectures that provide rapid CO₂ transport channels, while their −F functional groups enhance CO₂ solubility, further improving gas permeance. The 0.344 nm interlayer spacing provides a moderate size-exclusion effect on larger gas molecules, thereby contributing to improved CO₂/N₂ selectivity. The high aspect ratio and rigidity of F-Ce nanosheets induce more tortuous diffusion pathways for bulky molecules, further enhancing separation efficiency. Comprehensive characterization (SEM, TEM, FT-IR, XRD, XPS, BET, and gas permeation) confirms excellent performance, showing a CO₂ permeance of 662 GPU and a CO₂/N₂ selectivity of 59—representing 12% and 44% improvements over conventional Pebax/PDMS/PEI membranes, respectively. This study demonstrates that constructing an ultrathin separation layer and optimizing the composite structure significantly enhances the gas separation performance of MMCMs, providing an effective strategy for efficient CO₂ capture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":271,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Science","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 123573"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146153158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parameter estimation of a size-exclusion simulated moving bed for protein purification via meta-heuristic methods with estimability analysis and uncertainty evaluation","authors":"Guilherme C. Amaral ,&nbsp;Albertina G. Rios ,&nbsp;Alírio E. Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Ana M. Ribeiro ,&nbsp;Diogo Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Idelfonso B.R. Nogueira ,&nbsp;Alexandre F.P. Ferreira","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2026.123447","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ces.2026.123447","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to enhance the modelling of myoglobin (Mb) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) separation in size-exclusion gel systems by leveraging experimental data and computational methods. The objective is to estimate the parameters of a mathematical model that accurately represents this separation process. To achieve this, optimization problems with adequate objective functions are solved via Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), which has been shown to be more efficient than comparable deterministic methods Comprehensive estimability and uncertainty analyses were also conducted to thoroughly assess the model’s reliability and accuracy. The initial phase of the study involved estimating parameters for a fixed bed system. During this phase, it was discerned through estimability analysis that the mass transfer coefficient parameters, denoted as <span><math><msub><mi>k</mi><mi>h</mi></msub></math></span>, had minimal impact on the model’s outputs, leading to their exclusion from subsequent estimations. The focus then shifted to refining the model parameters to simultaneously fit both the fixed bed and Simulated Moving Bed (SMB) experimental data. The comparative analysis between these parameters and the fixed bed parameters highlighted notable differences, particularly in the axial dispersion parameter (<span><math><msub><mi>D</mi><mrow><mi>ax</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>) and the BSA size exclusion constant (<span><math><msub><mi>K</mi><mrow><mi>SEC</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>B</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>A</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>). An uncertainty evaluation was successfully executed after completing this study, providing confidence intervals for each parameter, and propagating the uncertainty to the prediction of the developed model. This comprehensive approach ensures a more accurate and reliable understanding of the separation dynamics in size-exclusion gel processes for Mb and BSA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":271,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Science","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 123447"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146075501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxygen vacancy/Cu NPs synergically assists brookite TiO2/photo-driven antibiotic removal: High photocatalytic activity with a low environmental effect","authors":"Kefan Chen ,&nbsp;Bingwen Hu ,&nbsp;Jialiang Wu ,&nbsp;Gang Cheng ,&nbsp;Wenju Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhipan Wen","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2026.123464","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ces.2026.123464","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photocatalytic elimination of antibiotic residues in wastewater offers a promising way to address the issue of environmental crisis. In this study, a simple solvothermal method was employed to simultaneously involve copper and oxygen vacancies into brookite TiO₂ for obtaining Cu@TiO_2-x photocatalysts. With composition and structure confirmation through different characterization techniques, the enhanced photocatalytic performance of the Cu@TiO_2-x was evaluated towards the degradation of Ciprofloxacin (CIP). The kinetic rate constant of 0.6Cu@TiO_2-x sample is 1.83 and 1.48 times higher than that of TiO₂ and TiO_2-x, respectively. The photo/electrochemical measurements demonstrated that simultaneously introducing Cu and oxygen vacancy could improve the light absorption and photoinduced charge migration, facilitating the generation of more active species and the following CIP degradation. The radical trapping experiments revealed that e^- and ·O₂^– were the main active radical during CIP degradation. The degradation pathway was inferred by HRMS, and the conducted toxicity prediction and bean seedling experiments showed that the degradation intermediate products had low ecological toxicity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":271,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Science","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 123464"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146075562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanism behind the electrostatic capture of oil droplet in stochastic fibrous media: insight from a numerical simulation","authors":"Ting-Yong Qi ,&nbsp;Hui Li ,&nbsp;Xiu Yue ,&nbsp;Bin Hao ,&nbsp;Akram Yasin ,&nbsp;Cun-Guang Liang ,&nbsp;Peng-Cheng Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2026.123402","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ces.2026.123402","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Membrane has been widely applied in oil–water separation due to its operational efficiency and environmental sustainability. Surface charge is one of the critical factors influencing the separation performance of a membrane. In this paper, we proposed a three-dimensional stochastic fibrous model based on experimental parameters and a coupled computational fluid dynamics-discrete phase approach to elucidate the effect of electrostatic interaction on the migration of oil droplet within the charged membrane. The results indicated that the distribution of an electric field directly affected the spatially heterogeneous motion of droplets. The Coulomb force was revealed to dominate the droplet trajectories over the dielectrophoretic force, with like-charge repulsion emerging as a key factor that increased the horizontal velocity of droplets. The enhanced horizontal velocity in turn improved the collision probability of droplets within the fibers, ultimately leading to a 42.16% enhancement in separation efficiency compared to the uncharged condition. Coulomb attraction as a dominant role under charge conditions further enhanced the separation efficiency by 83.28%. The numerical simulation presented in this study advanced membrane engineering by bridging the charged droplet dynamics with separation performance, offering predictive insights for optimizing surface charge parameters in membrane design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":271,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Science","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 123402"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146075625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benchmarking excipient-free submicron celecoxib particle production: a DoE approach comparing supercritical enhanced atomization and electrospraying towards particle size and polymorphic control","authors":"Clarinda Costa ,&nbsp;Maurice N. Collins ,&nbsp;Luis Padrela","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2026.123412","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ces.2026.123412","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Controlling polymorphism represents a significant challenge in the pharmaceutical industry, particularly when atomization-based methods are used to produce particles. In this study, a comparison between two different bottom-up atomization techniques - supercritical enhanced atomization (SEA) and electrospraying - was conducted to produce submicron celecoxib (CLX) particles with controlled size and polymorphic purity. A Design of Experiments (DoE) approach was employed to assess the impact of critical process parameters for both techniques on the critical quality attributes of submicron CLX particles, including particle size and polymorphic form. CLX particles with the lowest particle size of 248 ± 54 nm and 99 ± 1% purity of the thermodynamically stable polymorphic form III were obtained using SEA, at a drug concentration of 60 mg/mL, solution flow rate of 0.8 mL/min and a CO₂ temperature of 40°C. For electrospraying, CLX particles with a particle size of 519 ± 138 nm and 95 ± 7% purity of form III were obtained at a drug concentration of 15 mg/mL, voltage of 20 kV, and a solution flow rate of 9 mL/h. The tabletability, compressibility, and compactability properties of the submicron CLX particles formulated into microcrystalline cellulose tablets were evaluated. All formulations demonstrated good flowability and mechanical strength, highlighting the effectiveness of these continuous manufacturing processes in producing excipient-free submicron particles with controlled polymorphism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":271,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Science","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 123412"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146075563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic enhancement of electrochemical nitrogen reduction via hydrophobic interface engineering and mass transfer optimization","authors":"Yifei Nie ,&nbsp;Yuhang Li ,&nbsp;Hongping Yan ,&nbsp;Yuying Cheng ,&nbsp;Yiting Jiang ,&nbsp;Yuanjin Li ,&nbsp;Hanjiao Chen ,&nbsp;Yuping Qiu ,&nbsp;Shijing Liang ,&nbsp;Lilong Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2026.123359","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ces.2026.123359","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (eNRR) is essential for sustainable ammonia (NH₃) production in energy and agricultural sectors. However, its kinetics are impeded by the poor solubility of N₂ and the concurrent hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). In this work, we developed a hydrophobic interface by grafting siloxane onto a Ru/C-based electrode. Contact angle measurements and in situ electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy confirmed that the hydrophobic layer effectively suppresses HER. To enhance eNRR efficiency, we optimized N₂ mass transfer in the electrolyte by employing a horizontal electrode configuration, adjusting gas flow rate, and controlling bubble size. The movement of N₂ bubbles and their proximity to the electrode surface were observed through high-speed photography. Electrochemical assessments revealed that the modified electrode achieved an ammonia yield of 78 ± 1μg h⁻¹ mg_cat⁻¹ and a Faradaic efficiency of 48 % ± 1 %, marking a 7-fold improvement over the pristine Ru/C electrode. These findings surpass the performance of most previously reported eNRR catalysts, underscoring the efficacy of our dual approach involving hydrophobization and mass transfer optimization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":271,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Science","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 123359"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145972622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blocky intermittent flow in die filling: A mechanistic and multivariate analysis for controlling batch-to-batch variation of traditional Chinese medicine powders","authors":"Huiquan Hu ,&nbsp;Xiaorong Luo ,&nbsp;Changchun Peng ,&nbsp;Ying Liu ,&nbsp;Yuanhui Li ,&nbsp;Xuecheng Wang ,&nbsp;Chuan-Yu Wu ,&nbsp;Zhenfeng Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2026.123391","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ces.2026.123391","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to improve traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) tablet manufacturing efficiency by optimizing die filling to improve tablet uniformity. It comprehensively investigates the filling performance of 23 fermented Cordyceps powder batches to evaluate batch-to-batch variation effects. Powder flow properties were measured, and die filling behaviour was analysed using a custom system with high-speed imaging, assessing performance via critical filling velocity (Vc). A predictive model correlating flow properties with Vc was established. The powders exhibited cohesive behaviour and limited flowability. Statistical analysis revealed minor variations in bulk density, tapped density, hausner ratio, particle size distribution span, and stability index, and major principal stress, but significant inter-batch differences in D₁₀, D₅₀, D₉₀, size distribution width, permeability, cohesion, and flow function. Close examination identified a distinctive “blocky intermittent flow” phenomenon during filling. Variable Importance for Projection (VIP) analysis identified particle size distribution indicators, flowability indicators, and packing indicator as the critical material attributes governing inter-batch filling performance. This study establishes that a multivariate statistical model can effectively predict key material characteristics governing batch filling dynamics in TCM powders, enabling control to improve solid dosage form quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":271,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Science","volume":"325 ","pages":"Article 123391"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146022126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}