Studium Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej最新文献_第8页

Restricting freedom of information online in Ukraine within the Russian-Ukrainian hybrid war 在俄乌混合战争中限制乌克兰在线信息自由

Studium Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.59861/ansgk.2353-8392.2021.2.pp109-130

Pavlo Burdiak

{"title":"Restricting freedom of information online in Ukraine within the Russian-Ukrainian hybrid war","authors":"Pavlo Burdiak","doi":"10.59861/ansgk.2353-8392.2021.2.pp109-130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59861/ansgk.2353-8392.2021.2.pp109-130","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of the article is to examine the Law of Ukraine “On Sanctions” and provide an international law assessment of its application as an instrument for blocking (pro)Russian websites in Ukraine in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian hybrid war. To accomplish the stated goal, two objectives are outlined. Firstly, to investigate the implementation of the Law “On Sanctions” for restricting access to (pro)Russian websites in the Ukrainian segment of the Internet. Secondly, to analyze the Law “On Sanctions” through the prism of three internationally accepted UN- and CoE-based criteria of permissible freedom of information limitations – legality, legitimacy, and necessity. The article found that since 2017, the Law “On Sanctions” has been employed for wholesale blocking of (pro)Russian websites originating from Russia, Crimea, ORDLO, and Ukraine controlled territory. These websites have been blocked either temporarily or permanently by im- posing sanctions on the associated legal and natural persons. Furthermore, it was determined that the wholesale blocking of (pro)Russian websites by applying the Law “On Sanctions” arguably violates the international standards, because only one of the three required criteria of permissible freedom of information limitations has been met. The blocking fulfills the legitimacy criterion, but fails to satisfy the criteria of legality and necessity.","PeriodicalId":270857,"journal":{"name":"Studium Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej","volume":"381 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131607112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sustainable development of humanity: joint responsibility for the future 人类可持续发展:对未来共同负责

Studium Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.59861/ansgk.2353-8392.2018.pp100-111

L. Ryzhak

引用次数: 0

Transformation of the Czech armed forces under the auspices of NATO 在北约的支持下，捷克武装部队的转型

Studium Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.59861/ansgk.2353-8392.2021.2.pp21-34

Vira Burdiak, T. Fedorchuk

{"title":"Transformation of the Czech armed forces under the auspices of NATO","authors":"Vira Burdiak, T. Fedorchuk","doi":"10.59861/ansgk.2353-8392.2021.2.pp21-34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59861/ansgk.2353-8392.2021.2.pp21-34","url":null,"abstract":"The authors argue that the Czech Republic’s integration into the North Atlantic Treaty Organization has become an important factor in shaping the security system of Central and Eastern Europe and is a part of the vital interests of NATO candidate states and Washington’s policy on the European continent. The asymmetry of potentials and the lack of formation of the Czech security sector, as well as the other CEE states, allowed Washington to fill the niche of the so-called “security guarantor” and create an image of a long-term strategic partnership, strong ties between NATO and the United States who were the world leaders at the time. Guarantees of the collective security system of all members of the Alliance, according to Art. 5 of the Washington Treaty, were “attractive” to a post-communist state that distrusted its Western partners (in connection with the events of 1938 and 1968) and did not have sufficient resources and defense capabilities to build security on its own. We believe that in terms of the security policy of the Czech Republic, the partnership and cooperation with the United States in the transition phase has created the conditions and tools for the integration of the Czech Republic into the European and transatlantic security system.","PeriodicalId":270857,"journal":{"name":"Studium Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129643721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Myth as an instrument of political manipulation 神话是政治操纵的工具

Studium Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.59861/ansgk.2353-8392.2019.pp119-132

Oksana Szurko, Svitlana Bula

引用次数: 0

Before the State Police. Formation genesis 在州警察面前。形成《创世纪》

Studium Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.59861/ansgk.2353-8392.2019.2.pp237-255

Zbigniew Bartosiak

{"title":"Before the State Police. Formation genesis","authors":"Zbigniew Bartosiak","doi":"10.59861/ansgk.2353-8392.2019.2.pp237-255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59861/ansgk.2353-8392.2019.2.pp237-255","url":null,"abstract":"Contemporary Polish Police celebrates its jubilee under the slogan of the 100th anniversary of the establishment of the State Police. This took place on July 24, 1919, when the Legislative Sejm adopted the State Police Act. Before this happened, the evolution of Polish organizations and public order services continued, which resulted in the establishment of the first, after Poland regained independence, a centralized police service. In this work, the author points to the then realities of practical activities of organizations and services working for public security, their mutual relations, official pragmatics against the background of legal and political changes at the turn of 1918/1919. The content based on contemporary publications, but also on numerous sources from the 1920s, such as legal acts, departmental press, journalism records and the police practice of that time, constitute the precursor character of this study. This year Poland’s Police force celebrates the centenary of the founding of the Polish National Police. On July 25, 1919, National Police was called into existence by an Act the Polish Diet. Before the National Police was formed, the law and order organizations kept evolving to result in the formation of a centrally controlled police force. This author discusses the functioning of the organizations and units which maintained public safety under the conditions that prevailed at the time. The paper shows how these different services interacted with each other during the period of 1918/1919 in the context of the political and legal transformations the country was undergoing. The novel character of this presentation lies in its use of contemporary sources, in conjunction with archival documents from the second decade of the 20th century, including laws passed, trade publications, diaries, to study developments in police work.","PeriodicalId":270857,"journal":{"name":"Studium Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131177530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Basic parameters, manifestations and options of conceptualization and practice of populism in the world at the end of the 20th century. 20世纪末世界民粹主义概念化和实践的基本参数、表现形式和选择。

Studium Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.59861/ansgk.2353-8392.2023.pp224-238

Sławomira Białobłocka

{"title":"Basic parameters, manifestations and options of conceptualization and practice of populism in the world at the end of the 20th century.","authors":"Sławomira Białobłocka","doi":"10.59861/ansgk.2353-8392.2023.pp224-238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59861/ansgk.2353-8392.2023.pp224-238","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the supporting parameters, manifestations and options of conceptualization and practice of populism in the world, in particular in its various parts and in general, in the second half and at the end of the 20th century. The author states that populism began to diversify, but at the same time to be theorized and to acquire doctrinal outlines since the middle of the 20th century. The manifestation of this was that the conceptualization and empiricism of populism began to acquire signs of tendentious and recurring processes. Given these, the essence of populism in the dynamics of the second half of the 20th century is analyzed on the example of Europe as well as North and South America and so on. On this basis, it is argued that the understanding of populism has not become consolidated, unified and unilateral one in the second half – in the late 20th century. Firstly, populism can be a characteristic of both democratic and non-democratic (hybrid and autocratic ones) political regimes that determines its different orientation and vector. Secondly, populism can be perceived as both a negative and a positive socio-political phenomenon, although classically it is typically supposed to be a threat to democracy. Thirdly, populism depends in its interpretation not only on the part of the world, but also on the country, and therefore it should always be considered contextually. Fourthly, populism can be caused by very different reasons, but socio-economic fac- tors are less frequently its causes than political factors. However, populism in the second half of the 20th century generally began to be doctrinalized and typologized based on a combination of several basic parameters and criteria that are traditionally reduced to confrontation and mobilization of the struggle between the “people” and the “oligarchy”/”elite”.","PeriodicalId":270857,"journal":{"name":"Studium Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej","volume":"363 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134071906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The features of technocracy in the “Chinese model” of governance “中国模式”治理中的技术官僚特征

Studium Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.59861/ansgk.2353-8392.2017.2.pp263-272

Magdalena Białobłocka

引用次数: 0

The models of coalitional process in the formation of governmental cabinets: theoretical cut and review of literature 政府内阁形成中的联合过程模型:理论切割与文献回顾

Studium Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.59861/ansgk.2353-8392.2019.pp218-234

Sławomira Białobłocka

引用次数: 0

Features and types of governmental cabinets as descriptors of semi-presidential system of government in European countries 欧洲国家半总统制政府内阁的特征与类型

Studium Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.59861/ansgk.2353-8392.2020.2.pp37-52

V. Lytvyn

{"title":"Features and types of governmental cabinets as descriptors of semi-presidential system of government in European countries","authors":"V. Lytvyn","doi":"10.59861/ansgk.2353-8392.2020.2.pp37-52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59861/ansgk.2353-8392.2020.2.pp37-52","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the essence and attributes of semi-presidential system of government, mainly in European countries, in particular on the basis of outlining and operationalising the features and types of governmental cabinets as a descriptor of semi-presidentialism. On this basis, the author found a correlation between the influence of the institutions of the head of state and parliament on the formation of different types of governmental cabinets in countries with semi-presidential system of government.It is clear that party governmental cabinets (primarily majority, not minority ones and coalition rather than single-party ones), which are the predominant characteristic of the countries whose political regimes are democratic ones, are dominant in European semi-presidential countries. Instead, non-party governmental cabinets are rare and are the characteristic of semi-presidential countries with mainly undemocratic (autocraticor hybrid) political regimes (including presidential or president-oriented governmental cabinets), but less often with democratic political regimes (particularly as technocratic governmental cabinets).","PeriodicalId":270857,"journal":{"name":"Studium Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134044875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Political, social and economic dimensions of government stability: a theoretical and methodological perspective 政府稳定的政治、社会和经济层面:理论和方法视角

Studium Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.59861/ansgk.2353-8392.2019.2.pp6-17

Zbigniew Białobłocki

引用次数: 0