Ceramics International最新文献

{"title":"Defect pinning and oxygen vacancy engineering in Ta2O5-doped CaTiO3-SmAlO3 ceramics for enhancing microwave dielectric and mechanical performances","authors":"Yi Pu ,&nbsp;Debin Lin ,&nbsp;Daokuan Liang ,&nbsp;Yongbao Feng ,&nbsp;Peng Xu ,&nbsp;Qiulong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.06.232","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.06.232","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span><span>The miniaturization and high-performance optimization of microwave dielectric ceramics are crucial for modern communication technologies. Doping with </span>oxides<span> is an important method to enhance the properties of the microwave dielectric ceramics. Herein, we used Ta</span></span>₂O₅<span> doping and constructed defects and oxygen vacancies to significantly optimize the microwave dielectric and mechanical properties of 0.7CaTiO</span>₃-0.3SmAlO₃ (CTSA) ceramics. The Ta⁵⁺ substitution for B-site ions (Ti⁴⁺/Al³⁺) caused lattice expansion (from 445.43 to 446.32 Å³) for the Ta₂O₅-doped CTSA (T-CTSA) ceramics. Furthermore, the Ta⁵⁺ doping can cause the increase of oxygen vacancies. Low doping suppressed lattice disorder, while high doping led to loss dominated by oxygen vacancies. As a result, the T-CTSA ceramic has a uniform grain size and minimized porosity at 1.5 wt% doping, with a density of 4.84 g/cm³<span> and flexural strength of 234 MPa. Furthermore, the optimal sintering conditions were 1450 °C for 2 h for the T-CTSA-1.5 ceramic, yielding a dielectric loss of 1.28 × 10</span>⁻⁴<span>. Meanwhile, the T-CTSA-1.5 ceramic exhibits significantly enhanced dielectric properties: εᵣ = 43, Q × ƒ = 46875 GHz, and τ</span>_ƒ = 3.5 ppm/°C. Therefore, the excellent performance of T-CTSA ceramics offers broad prospects in communication devices and provides new insights for future high-performance microwave dielectric ceramics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"51 23","pages":"Pages 39992-40000"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144922861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of internal moisture on self-heating properties of smart cement composites","authors":"Maksymilian Frąc ,&nbsp;Paulina Szołdra ,&nbsp;Waldemar Pichór","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.06.263","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.06.263","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper investigates the effect of moisture on the self-heating properties of smart cement composites with the addition of expanded graphite (EG), which is very important in terms of practical use of these composites. For this purpose, a series of cement pastes with different graphite content were made. Self-heating tests were conducted on prepared cement pastes with different water content. In these tests, the surface temperature was measured during 1000 s. The maximum temperature of the composites, the power per area, and the heating rate were determined. Cyclic heating of the composite to 40 °C was also carried out. Additionally, impedance spectroscopy (IS) was applied to analyze electrical properties to determine the reason for the deterioration of the self-heating properties. The study showed that the self-heating properties of composites with expanded graphite deteriorate with increasing moisture. The maximum temperature, heating rate and power of the composites decrease with increasing water content in matrix. The self-heating properties deteriorate for composites with EG content both in the percolation range and above the percolation threshold. The IS analysis of the results suggests that the deterioration of the self-heating properties is probably due to polarization phenomena occurring when a DC voltage supply. The obtained results are crucial for the practical application of cement composites as resistive heating elements, particularly for outdoor applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"51 23","pages":"Pages 40304-40313"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144922724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High thermal shock resistance of Mg2Al4Si5O18-Al2O3 infrared radiation ceramics via sintering strategy optimization","authors":"Yunping Li ,&nbsp;Zichen Mu ,&nbsp;Zhichuang Jia ,&nbsp;Kongjun Zhu ,&nbsp;Xiaobo Zhou ,&nbsp;Luming Wang ,&nbsp;Guoqing Gu ,&nbsp;Jianzhou Du","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.06.264","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.06.264","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Infrared radiation composite ceramics of Mg₂Al₄Si₅O₁₈-Al₂O₃<span><span> were prepared by the slip casting<span> process and conventional solid-state sintering method. The influence of the sintering process on phase structure and </span></span>microscopic morphology<span><span> was systematically investigated. XRD and FT-LR analyses revealed that optimal cordierite </span>crystallinity was achieved at 1050 °C, with a phase content of 64 wt%. The sample density was 1.878 g/cm</span></span>³<span><span>, and the apparent porosity was 22 %. A combination of </span>finite element simulations<span><span> and a test system comprising a voltage regulator, computer and infrared thermometer<span> was employed to assess the thermal shock resistance of the samples. The results indicated that under 220 V input, the </span></span>maximum surface temperature reached 860.48 °C, with an average of 618.85 °C. Notably, samples sintered at 1050 °C for 150 min demonstrated superior thermal shock resistance, exhibiting minimal cracking after repeated cycles of heating and air-cooling. The thermal response behavior of the infrared ceramic heater was also evaluated.</span></span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"51 23","pages":"Pages 40314-40324"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144922725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improve wear resistance CoCrFeMnNiTix/WC high entropy alloy-ceramic composite coatings with hybrid ex/in-situ multi-scale reinforcement phase fabricating by laser cladding","authors":"Hao Liu ,&nbsp;Dali Li ,&nbsp;Dexi Wu ,&nbsp;Wenqin Wang ,&nbsp;Sining Pan ,&nbsp;Peijian Chen ,&nbsp;Xiuli He ,&nbsp;Gang Yu ,&nbsp;Tong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.06.268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.06.268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span><span><span>To improve the hardness and wear resistance of high-entropy alloy coatings, laser cladding<span> (LC) technology was successfully used to prepare CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy coatings enhanced with multi-scale precipitations phases<span> ranging from the nanometer<span> to micron scale. The microstructure evolution of </span></span></span></span>high entropy alloy<span><span> matrix was investigated, with increasing Ti content<span>, the high-entropy alloy matrix from an FCC </span></span>solid solution<span> to an FCC + BCC dual-phase structure. Simultaneously, sub-micron (Ti,W)C particles were formed in-situ. The volume fractions of BCC and (Ti,W)C gradually increase, and the (Ti,W)C particles exhibit aggregation, while the degree of WC melting increases. Specifically, in the CoCrFeMnNiTi1/WC coating, a very fine lamellar </span></span></span>eutectic structure composed of alternating FCC and BCC phases was observed, with a layer spacing of 100–170 nm. In this coating, the interface relationship between high-entropy alloy matrix and (Ti,W)C was identified as a semi-coherent interface, with the orientation relationship between (Ti,W)C and FCC being (100)(Ti,W)C//(</span><span><math><mrow><mover><mn>1</mn><mo>¯</mo></mover><mover><mn>1</mn><mo>¯</mo></mover><mn>0</mn></mrow></math></span>)FCC and (020)(Ti,W)C//(<span><math><mrow><mover><mn>1</mn><mo>¯</mo></mover><mover><mn>1</mn><mo>¯</mo></mover><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span>)FCC, with an interface energy of 0.71 J/m². In local areas of CoCrFeMnNiTi₁<span>/WC coating, a rod-like eutectic structure and nanoscale<span> BCC phase precipitation were observed. Furthermore, as the Ti content increased, the mechanical properties of the coating were significantly enhanced. The mechanical properties of the coatings are enhanced through a combination of multiple strengthening mechanisms. Compared to other coatings, the CoCrFeNiMnTi</span></span>_1.5<span>/WC coating exhibits the highest microhardness (622.5 HV</span>_0.3) and the smallest wear volume of 6.16 × 10⁻⁶ mm³/(N·m), demonstrating the best wear resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"51 23","pages":"Pages 40335-40348"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144922727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing luminescent performance in spark plasma sintered YSZ/YAG multilayer ceramics through ultrasound processing","authors":"V. Paygin,&nbsp;D. Valiev,&nbsp;E. Dvilis,&nbsp;O. Khasanov,&nbsp;D. Deulina,&nbsp;S. Stepanov","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.06.269","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.06.269","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span><span>This study investigates the synergistic effects of ultrasound treatment and spark plasma sintering (SPS) on the microstructure, sintering behavior, and luminescent properties of yttrium-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) and yttrium-aluminum </span>garnet (YAG) co-doped with Ce</span>³⁺ and Eu³⁺<span> multilayer ceramics. For the first time, two ultrasound methods suspension pretreatment and ultrasound pressing were integrated with SPS to fabricate functionally graded ceramics (FGCs). Ultrasound treatment suspension reduced the shrinkage onset temperature by ∼50 °C and enhanced ceramics consolidation, achieving a 9 % increase in relative shrinkage compared to conventional SPS. Ultrasound pressing further enhances the sintering process by reducing the temperature range for intense shrinkage and increasing the shrinkage value by 15 %. The ultrasound treatment improved photoluminescence<span> (PL) efficiency in YSZ:1Ce/YAG:1Ce and YSZ:10Eu/YAG:1Ce ceramics by 2 and 7 %, respectively. The cathodoluminescence (CL) intensity increased 3-fold for ceramics using ultrasound pressing with SPS consolidation. These advancements highlight the potential combination of ultrasound-assisted and SPS method for producing high-performance luminescent multilayered ceramics with applications in optoelectronics.</span></span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"51 23","pages":"Pages 40349-40355"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144922728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Residual carbon control and optimization of near-stoichiometric SiC-HfC nanocomposite fibers with high-temperature creep resistance","authors":"Seong-Gun Bae ,&nbsp;Yoonjoo Lee ,&nbsp;Dong-Geun Shin","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.06.223","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.06.223","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span>The increasing demand for improving high temperature performance of SiC fibers due to the application of high-temperature ceramic fiber composites<span><span><span> (CMCs) for aerospace and nuclear power applications, including next-generation turbine engines, rocket nozzles, and nuclear fusion reactors inspired us to investigate for improving the high-temperature creep properties of SiC fibers and conducted research on the second phase strengthening on SiC fiber using </span>hafnium<span> carbide </span></span>nanoparticles. Here, SiC-HfC </span></span>nanocomposite<span> fibers prepared using the polymer derived ceramic (PDC) method were difficult to densify due to residual carbon during the sintering process<span>, so it was necessary to remove residual carbon. The fibers were first heat-treated at an intermediate temperature of 1500–1600 °C, then subjected to an oxidation process at 600–800 °C to finally induce dense sintering. The excess carbon was eliminated via reaction with oxygen, producing CO(g) and CO2(g). The near-stoichiometric SiC-HfC nanocomposite fibers' microstructure was more densified under each condition. Through this, it was confirmed that the high-temperature creep resistance of the SiC-HfC nanocomposite fibers was improved.</span></span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"51 23","pages":"Pages 39899-39909"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144922931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructure, dielectric, non–ohmic, and humidity–sensing properties of Ca1+xCu2.9-xMg0.1Ti4O12 ceramics","authors":"Jutapol Jumpatam ,&nbsp;Narong Chanlek ,&nbsp;Bundit Putasaeng ,&nbsp;Prasit Thongbai","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.06.206","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.06.206","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates a systematic investigation of Ca_1+<em>x</em>Cu_{2.9-<em>x</em>}Mg_0.1Ti₄O₁₂ (CCMTO) ceramic composites with <em>x</em> = 0 to 1.5, aimed at enhancing multifunctional performance through compositional tuning of the Ca/Cu ratio with fixed Mg doping. Increasing Ca²⁺<span> content leads to the formation of CCTO/CTO composite phases, grain refinement, and improved grain boundary control. Microstructural and phase analyses confirm that excess Ca promotes CTO formation, which contributes to a significant reduction in dielectric loss tangent (tanδ decreases from 0.146 to 0.025), while maintaining high dielectric permittivity (&gt;10</span>³). Impedance analysis reveals enhanced internal barrier layer capacitor effects and increased grain boundary resistance. The coexistence of Cu⁺/Cu²⁺<span> ions support semiconducting grain behavior and contributes to improve nonlinear properties, with Schottky barrier height increasing with x. Furthermore, the CCMTO ceramics exhibit strong humidity sensitivity, with capacitance changes exceeding 100% under RH variation, highlighting their potential as capacitive-type humidity sensors. These results demonstrate a promising strategy to overcome dielectric loss limitations in CCTO–based materials, offering an effective pathway toward integrated applications in capacitors, varistors, and capacitive humidity sensors.</span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"51 23","pages":"Pages 39713-39725"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144921138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon quantum dots modified high-entropy oxides for promoting oxygen evolution reaction","authors":"Yihang Yu ,&nbsp;Zenghui Li ,&nbsp;Jinhui Sun ,&nbsp;Xiaojing Wen ,&nbsp;Yanguo Liu ,&nbsp;Xiwei Qi ,&nbsp;Zhiyuan Wang ,&nbsp;Dan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.06.196","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.06.196","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span>High-entropy oxides (HEOs) are promising electrocatalysts<span><span><span> for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) because of their huge compositional adjustability, electronic structure controllability, and unique microstructure. The poor </span>electrical conductivity of HEO and the tendency to agglomerate nanocatalysts during the formation process limited the application of HEO in the OER process. Herein, the </span>carbon quantum dots (CQDs) coupled with high entropy oxide (FeCoNiCrMn)</span></span>₃O₄<span> (HEO/CQDs) nanomaterials<span><span><span> are synthesized by microwave solvothermal methods for high-efficiency OER catalyst. Due to the intervention of the CQDs, the composite </span>electrocatalysts<span> exhibit more uniform nanoparticle<span> dispersion, increased specific surface area, and improved electrical conductivity compared with </span></span></span>pure HEOs. The HEO/CQDs-10 with the optimal CQDs load exhibits outstanding OER performance with a low overpotential (258 mV, 10 mA cm</span></span>⁻²) and low Tafel slope (44.4 mV dec⁻¹) and superior durability. The synergistic effect between the CQDs and the HEOs promotes the evolution of the active transition metal elements' surface electronic structure, thereby facilitating the OER's kinetics. The lattice oxygen-mediated mechanism (LOM) mechanism is verified for the HEO/CQDs OER catalyst. This study provides an effective strategy for synthesizing HEO-derived materials with superior OER performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"51 23","pages":"Pages 39611-39619"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144922151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Broadband blue-emitting CaLaGaO4:Bi3+ phosphors with persistent afterglow for High-CRI w-LEDs and advanced anti-counterfeiting applications","authors":"N. Navya ,&nbsp;B.R. Radha Krushna ,&nbsp;S.C. Sharma ,&nbsp;Debahuti Mohapatra ,&nbsp;Shameera Begum ,&nbsp;Aishwarya ,&nbsp;G.B. Protyusha ,&nbsp;K. Manjunatha ,&nbsp;Sheng Yun Wu ,&nbsp;R. Arunakumar ,&nbsp;H. Nagabhushana","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.06.191","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.06.191","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A series of un-doped and (0–9 mol %) Bi³⁺ doped CaLaGaO₄<span><span> phosphors exhibiting afterglow luminescence were synthesized using the solution combustion technique. UV–Vis </span>absorption spectra showed that the synthesized phosphors possess a direct bandgap, with values of the 5.168 eV for the undoped sample and 3.874 eV for the sample doped with 5 mol % Bi</span>³⁺<span>. Under excitation at 361 nm, a broad emission band centered at 448 nm was detected in the 370–600 nm range at room temperature, attributed to the </span>³P₁→¹S₀ electronic transition of Bi³⁺ ions. Incorporating 5 mol % Bi³⁺ ions into the CaLaGaO₄<span> matrix resulted in intense blue luminescence centered at 448 nm, with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 90 nm, high color purity of 87.6 %, excellent thermal stability of 86.0 % of the integrated emission at 420 K, and an activation energy (E</span>_a<span>) of 0.30 eV. The optimal afterglow intensity and decay lifetime were observed at the 5 mol % Bi</span>³⁺ doping level. Furthermore, the CaLaGaO₄:5Bi³⁺<span><span> phosphor retained 93.10 % of its original luminescence after 15 days of immersion in water and 92.82 % after 15 days in 85 % relative humidity. A high-performance white </span>light emitting diode (w-LED) device was successfully fabricated by employing this unique CaLaGaO</span>₄:5Bi³⁺ phosphor, excited by a 365 nm chip. The resulting phosphor-converted w-LED demonstrated an impressive colour rendering index (R_a<span><span>) of 94.0 and a pleasant correlated color temperature (CCT) of 5426 K, indicating strong promise for lighting applications. Additionally, its functionality as a security ink reveals its suitability for encryption and anti-counterfeiting (AC) technologies. The study underscores its potential in advanced optical tagging systems, time-gated display technologies, and optical data storage. The successful creation and decoding of a </span>luminescent quick response (QR) code, along with its time-resolved decay behavior, reinforce the capability of CaLaGaO</span>₄:5Bi³⁺<span> phosphors in AC and security applications. Overall, this work provides important insights for the development of next-generation broadband blue-emitting phosphors tailored for high-CRI w-LEDs and data security technologies.</span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"51 23","pages":"Pages 39558-39575"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144922249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural and electro-magnetic properties of Na2O-BaO-Al2O3-P2O5 glasses doped with CdO for sensors and magnetic storage devices","authors":"K.A. Aly ,&nbsp;H.A. Abo-Mosallam ,&nbsp;Ebrahim A. Mahdy ,&nbsp;Mohamad M. Ebrahium","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.06.173","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.06.173","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span&gt;The role of CdO additions on the structural, magnetic, and electrical properties of the amorphous &lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong&gt;20&lt;/strong&gt;Na&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O-25BaO-(15-x)Al&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; -xCdO-40P&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt; (mol%) glasses with (0.0 &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;≤&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;≤&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt; 15.0 mol%) has been investigated. The prepared glasses were characterized by using XRD, FTIR, and VSM approaches. The FTIR spectra revealed the presence of various structural groups with the forming of P-O-Cd bonds. Embedding the studied glass with CdO enhances its magnetic characteristics in an overlapping &lt;/span&gt;magnetic field. Furthermore, the Ac conductivity (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;σ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;a&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;c&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;) and complex dielectric constant (real and imaginary) were studied at the 50–500 kHz range of frequency and 300–370 K temperature. The frequency dependence of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;σ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;a&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;c&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; is successfully described by the Almond-West formula relationship. The fitting parameters &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;σ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;d&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;c&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;ω&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;h&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;f&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;and&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; n have been precisely estimated. Values of &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;σ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;a&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;c&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; has been increasing with the increase of temperature and/or frequency. This would be expected due to CdO additions leading to a network made up of P&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt; and Al&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt; that may be broken up by CdO, forming non-bridging oxygens that make ion transport simpler. The values of the activation energies for &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;E&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;a&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;c&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;E&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;d&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;c&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, and &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;W&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;M&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; are found to decrease with increasing CdO content. This evidence affirms that as Na&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; (and Ba&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;) ions require less activation energy to hop between non-bridging oxygen sites, the ionic conductivity increases. As a result, these glasses can serve as &lt;/span&gt;solid electrolytes&lt;span&gt; in batteries&lt;span&gt; or fuel cells, facilitating ion transport. Both the complex dielectric constant (real, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;ε&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;,&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and imaginary, &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;ε&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;,&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;), dielectric loss, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;tan&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;δ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;,&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and material capacity, C&lt;sub&gt;p&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;span&gt; have been estimated and well discussed. These parameters incre","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"51 23","pages":"Pages 39390-39398"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144922345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}